Surgical Head Coverings: A Literature Review

AORN Journal

Volumn 106, Issue 4, 2017, Pages 306-316.e6

  Spruce, Lisa ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

head coverings; skin shedding; surgical attire; surgical cap; surgical site infection

Indexed keywords

DISEASE TRANSMISSION; EAR; HAIR; HEAD; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HUMAN; MICROBIOLOGY; PREVENTION AND CONTROL; PROTECTIVE CLOTHING; SKIN; SURGICAL WOUND INFECTION;

EAR; HAIR; HEAD; HEALTH PERSONNEL; HUMANS; INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, PROFESSIONAL-TO-PATIENT; PROTECTIVE CLOTHING; SKIN; SURGICAL WOUND INFECTION;

EID: 85031804998     PISSN: 00012092     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.aorn.2017.08.001     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. National and State Healthcare Associated Infections Progress Report, 2016, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/pdfs/progress-report/hai-progress-report.pdf Accessed June 26, 2017.
2. Magill, S.S., Edwards, J.R., Bamberg, W., et al., the Emerging Infections Program Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Use Prevalence Survey Team. Multistate point-prevalence survey of health care–associated infections. N Engl J Med 370:13 (2014), 1198–1208.
3. Collins, A.S., Preventing health care–associated infections. Hughes, R.G., (eds.) Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses, 2008, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2683 Accessed June 26, 2017.
4. Ventola, C.L., The antibiotic resistance crisis. Part 1: causes and threats. P T 40:4 (2015), 277–283.
5. Statement on operating room attire. Bull Am Coll Surg. http://bulletin.facs.org/2016/10/statement-on-operating-room-attire. Published October 1, 2016. Accessed June 26, 2017.
6. Guideline for surgical attire. Guidelines for Perioperative Practice, 2017, AORN, Inc, Denver, CO, 105–128.
7. Evidence rating. AORN. http://www.aorn.org/guidelines/about-aorn-guidelines/evidence-rating. Accessed June 26, 2017.
8. Spruce, L., Van Wicklin, S.A., Wood, A., AORN's revised model for evidence appraisal and rating. AORN J 103:1 (2016), 60–72.
9. Noble, W.C., Dispersal of skin microorganisms. Br J Dermatol 93:4 (1975), 477–485.
10. Sciple, G.W., Riemensnider, D.K., Schleyer, C.A.J., Recovery of microorganisms shed by humans into a sterilized environment. Appl Environ Microbiol 15:6 (1967), 1388–1392.
11. Whyte, W., Vesley, D., Hodgson, R., Bacterial dispersion in relation to operating room clothing. J Hyg (Lond) 76:3 (1976), 367–378.
12. Davies, R.R., Noble, W.C., Dispersal of bacteria on desquamated skin. Lancet North Am Ed 280:7269 (1962), 1295–1297.
13. Walter, C.W., Kundsin, R.B., The airborne component of wound contamination and infection. Arch Surg 107:4 (1973), 588–595.
14. Ritter, M.A., Eitzen, H., French, M.L.V., Hart, J.B., The operating room environment as affected by people and the surgical face mask. Clin Orthop Relat Res 111 (September 1975), 147–150.
15. Nelson, C.L., Prevention of sepsis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 222 (September 1987), 66–72.
16. Howard, J.L., Hanssen, A.D., Principles of a clean operating room environment. J Arthroplasty 22:7 suppl 3 (2007), 6–11.
17. Stocks, G.W., Self, S.D., Thompson, B., Adame, X.A., O'Connor, D.P., Predicting bacterial populations based on airborne particulates: a study performed in nonlaminar flow operating rooms during joint arthroplasty surgery. Am J Infect Control 38:3 (2010), 199–204.
18. Lidwell, O.M., Lowbury, E.J.L., Whyte, W., Blowers, R., Stanley, S.J., Lowe, D., Airborne contamination of wounds in joint replacement operations: the relationship to sepsis rates. J Hosp Infect 4:2 (1983), 111–131.
19. Edmiston, C.E. Jr., Seabrook, G.R., Cambria, R.A., et al. Molecular epidemiology of microbial contamination in the operating room environment: is there a risk for infection?. Surgery 138:4 (2005), 573–582.
20. Noble, W.C., Staphylococcus aureus on the hair. J Clin Pathol 19:6 (1966), 570–572.
21. Summers, M.M., Lynch, P.F., Black, T., Hair as a reservoir of staphylococci. J Clin Pathol 18:1 (1965), 13–15.
22. Mase, K., Hasegawa, T., Horii, T., et al. Firm adherence of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis to human hair and effect of detergent treatment. Microbiol Immunol 44:8 (2000), 653–656.
23. Huijsmans-Evers, A.G., Results of routine tests for the detection of dispersers of Staphylococcus aureus. Arch Chir Neerl 30:3 (1978), 141–150.
24. Eisen, D.B., Surgeon's garb and infection control: what's the evidence?. J Am Acad Dermatol 64:5 (2011), 960.e1–960.e20.
25. McHugh, S.M., Corrigan, M.A., Hill, A.D.K., Humphreys, H., Surgical attire, practices and their perception in the prevention of surgical site infection. Surgeon 12:1 (2014), 47–52.
26. Salassa, T.E., Swiontkowski, M.F., Surgical attire and the operating room: role in infection prevention. J Bone Joint Surg Am 96:17 (2014), 1485–1492.
27. Ritter, M.A., Eitzen, H.E., Hart, J.B., French, M.L.V., The surgeon's garb. Clin Orthop Relat Res 153 (November-December 1980), 204–209.
28. Humphreys, H., Russell, A.J., Marshall, R.J., Ricketts, V.E., Reeves, D.S., The effect of surgical theatre head-gear on air bacterial counts. J Hosp Infect 19:3 (1991), 175–180.
29. Friberg, B., Friberg, S., Östensson, R., Burman, L.G., Surgical area contamination—comparable bacterial counts using disposable head and mask and helmet aspirator system, but dramatic increase upon omission of head-gear: an experimental study in horizontal laminar air-flow. J Hosp Infect 47:2 (2001), 110–115.
30. Owers, K.L., James, E., Bannister, G.C., Source of bacterial shedding in laminar flow theatres. J Hosp Infect 58:3 (2004), 230–232.
31. Dineen, P., Drusin, L., Epidemics of postoperative wound infections associated with hair carriers. Lancet North Am Ed 302:7839 (1973), 1157–1159.
32. Mastro, T.D., Farley, T.A., Elliot, J.A., et al. An outbreak of surgical-wound infections due to group A streptococcus carried on the scalp. N Engl J Med 323:14 (1990), 968–972.
33. Richet, H.M., Craven, P.C., Brown, J.M., et al. A cluster of Rhodococcus (Gordona) bronchialis sternal-wound infections after coronary-artery bypass surgery. N Engl J Med 324:2 (1991), 104–109.
34. Rahav, G., Pitlik, S., Amitai, Z., et al. An outbreak of Mycobacterium jacuzzii infection following insertion of breast implants. Clin Infect Dis 43:7 (2006), 823–830.
35. Scheflan, M., Wixtrom, R.N., Over troubled water: an outbreak of infection due to a new species of Mycobacterium following implant-based breast surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 137:1 (2016), 97–105.
36. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Hospital Infection Control Worksheet. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-and-Certification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Cert-Letter-15-12-Attachment-1.pdf. Accessed June 26, 2017.
37. WHO Guidelines for Safe Surgery 2009: Safe Surgery Saves Lives, 2009, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/44185/1/9789241598552_eng.pdf Accessed June 26, 2017.
38. AST Standards of Practice for Surgical Attire, Surgical Scrub, Hand Hygiene and Hand Washing, 2008, Association of Surgical Technologists, Littleton, CO http://www.ast.org/uploadedFiles/Main_Site/Content/About_Us/Standard_Surgical_Attire_Surgical_Scrub.pdf Accessed June 26, 2017.
39. Berríos-Torres SI, Umscheid CA, Bratzler DW, et al; Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. eAppendix 1: Background, Methods and Evidence Summaries. In: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guideline for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection, 2017. JAMA Surg. http://jamanetwork.com/data/Journals/SURG/936410/SSC170001supp1_prod.pdf. Published May 3, 2017. Accessed June 26, 2017.