메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 191, Issue , 2017, Pages 168-175

Geographic and demographic correlates of autism-related anti-vaccine beliefs on Twitter, 2009-15

Author keywords

Autism spectrum disorder; Beliefs; Big data; Machine learning algorithms; Social media; Twitter; Vaccines

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; DEMOGRAPHY; GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION; INTERNET; MACHINE LEARNING; MENTAL HEALTH; SOCIAL MEDIA; TEMPORAL VARIATION; VACCINE;

EID: 85029469486     PISSN: 02779536     EISSN: 18735347     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.08.041     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (105)

References (93)
  • 1
    • 85013767484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary of notifiable infectious diseases and conditions – United States 2014
    • Adams, D., Thomas, K., Jajosky, R., et al. Summary of notifiable infectious diseases and conditions – United States 2014. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 63 (2016), 1–152.
    • (2016) Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. , vol.63 , pp. 1-152
    • Adams, D.1    Thomas, K.2    Jajosky, R.3
  • 2
    • 85029477846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5 facts about Vaccines in the U.S.
    • Pew Research Center
    • Anderson, M., 5 facts about Vaccines in the U.S. 2015, Pew Research Center.
    • (2015)
    • Anderson, M.1
  • 3
    • 84900410099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventable disease practices among a lower SES, multicultural, nonurban, U.S. community: the roles of vaccination efficacy and personal constraints
    • Avery, E.J., Lariscy, R.W., Preventable disease practices among a lower SES, multicultural, nonurban, U.S. community: the roles of vaccination efficacy and personal constraints. Health Commun. 29 (2014), 826–836.
    • (2014) Health Commun. , vol.29 , pp. 826-836
    • Avery, E.J.1    Lariscy, R.W.2
  • 4
    • 84864379039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccine-related beliefs and practices of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders
    • Bazzano, A., Zeldin, A., Schuster, E., Barrett, C., Lehrer, D., Vaccine-related beliefs and practices of parents of children with autism spectrum disorders. Am. J. Intellect. Dev. Disabil. 117 (2012), 233–242.
    • (2012) Am. J. Intellect. Dev. Disabil. , vol.117 , pp. 233-242
    • Bazzano, A.1    Zeldin, A.2    Schuster, E.3    Barrett, C.4    Lehrer, D.5
  • 5
    • 79951726134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging and continuing trends in vaccine opposition website content
    • Bean, S.J., Emerging and continuing trends in vaccine opposition website content. Vaccine 29 (2011), 1874–1880.
    • (2011) Vaccine , vol.29 , pp. 1874-1880
    • Bean, S.J.1
  • 6
  • 7
    • 84861012589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opportunities and challenges of Web 2.0 for vaccination decisions
    • Betsch, C., Brewer, N.T., Brocard, P., Davies, P., Gaissmaier, W., Haase, N., et al. Opportunities and challenges of Web 2.0 for vaccination decisions. Vaccine 30 (2012), 3727–3733.
    • (2012) Vaccine , vol.30 , pp. 3727-3733
    • Betsch, C.1    Brewer, N.T.2    Brocard, P.3    Davies, P.4    Gaissmaier, W.5    Haase, N.6
  • 8
    • 77950237654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of vaccine-critical websites on perceiving vaccination risks
    • Betsch, C., Renkewitz, F., Betsch, T., Ulshofer, C., The influence of vaccine-critical websites on perceiving vaccination risks. J. Health Psychol. 15 (2010), 446–455.
    • (2010) J. Health Psychol. , vol.15 , pp. 446-455
    • Betsch, C.1    Renkewitz, F.2    Betsch, T.3    Ulshofer, C.4
  • 9
    • 0031191630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of the area under the ROC curve in the evaluation of machine learning algorithms
    • Bradley, A., The use of the area under the ROC curve in the evaluation of machine learning algorithms. Pattern Recognit. 30 (1997), 1145–1159.
    • (1997) Pattern Recognit. , vol.30 , pp. 1145-1159
    • Bradley, A.1
  • 10
    • 33947690802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of the relationship between risk perception and health behavior: the example of vaccination
    • Brewer, N., Chapman, G., Gibbons, F., Gerrard, M., McCaul, K., Weinstein, N., Meta-analysis of the relationship between risk perception and health behavior: the example of vaccination. Health Psychol. 26 (2007), 136–145.
    • (2007) Health Psychol. , vol.26 , pp. 136-145
    • Brewer, N.1    Chapman, G.2    Gibbons, F.3    Gerrard, M.4    McCaul, K.5    Weinstein, N.6
  • 11
    • 84891941337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National and local influenza surveillance through twitter: an analysis of the 2012-2013 influenza epidemic
    • Broniatowski, D.A., Paul, M.J., Dredze, M., National and local influenza surveillance through twitter: an analysis of the 2012-2013 influenza epidemic. PLoS One, 8, 2013, e83672.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , pp. e83672
    • Broniatowski, D.A.1    Paul, M.J.2    Dredze, M.3
  • 12
  • 13
    • 0033515267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Achievements in public health, 1900-1999 impacts of vaccines universally recommended for children – United States, 1990-1998
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Achievements in public health, 1900-1999 impacts of vaccines universally recommended for children – United States, 1990-1998. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 48 (1999), 243–248.
    • (1999) Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. , vol.48 , pp. 243-248
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1
  • 14
    • 17444440571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule–United States, January-June 2004
    • Q1
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule–United States, January-June 2004. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep., 53, 2004 Q1.
    • (2004) Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. , vol.53
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1
  • 16
    • 85029485727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Science summary: CDC studies on thimerosal in vaccines.
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Science summary: CDC studies on thimerosal in vaccines.
  • 17
    • 0032574209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccine adverse events: causal or coincidental?
    • Chen, R.T., DeStefano, F., Vaccine adverse events: causal or coincidental?. Lancet 351 (1998), 611–612.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 611-612
    • Chen, R.T.1    DeStefano, F.2
  • 18
    • 0031950458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccine safety: current and future challenges
    • Chen, R.T., Hibbs, B., Vaccine safety: current and future challenges. Pediatr. Ann. 27 (1998), 445–455.
    • (1998) Pediatr. Ann. , vol.27 , pp. 445-455
    • Chen, R.T.1    Hibbs, B.2
  • 19
    • 85001728300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years – autism and developmental disabilities monitoring networks, 11 sites, United States, 2012
    • Christensen, D., Baio, J., Van Naarden Braun, K., Bilder, D., Charles, J., Constantino, J.M., et al. Prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years – autism and developmental disabilities monitoring networks, 11 sites, United States, 2012. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 65 (2016), 1–23.
    • (2016) Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. , vol.65 , pp. 1-23
    • Christensen, D.1    Baio, J.2    Van Naarden Braun, K.3    Bilder, D.4    Charles, J.5    Constantino, J.M.6
  • 20
    • 2542476211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial/ethnic disparities in preschool immunizations: United States, 1996-2001
    • Chu, S.Y., Barker, L.E., Smith, P.J., Racial/ethnic disparities in preschool immunizations: United States, 1996-2001. Am. J. Public Health 94 (2004), 973–977.
    • (2004) Am. J. Public Health , vol.94 , pp. 973-977
    • Chu, S.Y.1    Barker, L.E.2    Smith, P.J.3
  • 22
    • 25144482984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responding to parental refusals of immunization of children
    • Diekema, D.S., Responding to parental refusals of immunization of children. Pediatrics 115 (2005), 1428–1431.
    • (2005) Pediatrics , vol.115 , pp. 1428-1431
    • Diekema, D.S.1
  • 23
    • 85029483551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-vaxxers are using Twitter to manipulate a vaccine bill
    • Retrieved from
    • Diresta, R., Lotan, G., Anti-vaxxers are using Twitter to manipulate a vaccine bill. Wired, 2015 Retrieved from: https://www.wired.com/2015/06/antivaxxers-influencing-legislation/.
    • (2015) Wired
    • Diresta, R.1    Lotan, G.2
  • 25
    • 84947740340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mobile messaging and Social Media 2015
    • Pew Research Center
    • Duggan, M., Mobile messaging and Social Media 2015. 2015, Pew Research Center.
    • (2015)
    • Duggan, M.1
  • 27
    • 0034722998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual and community risks of measles and pertussis associated with personal exemptions to immunization
    • Feikin, D.R., Lezotte, D.C., Hamman, R.F., Salmon, D.A., Chen, R.T., Hoffman, R.E., Individual and community risks of measles and pertussis associated with personal exemptions to immunization. JAMA 284 (2000), 3145–3150.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 3145-3150
    • Feikin, D.R.1    Lezotte, D.C.2    Hamman, R.F.3    Salmon, D.A.4    Chen, R.T.5    Hoffman, R.E.6
  • 28
    • 85029480188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • California bans religious and philosophical vaccine exemptions for schoolchildren
    • Retrieved from
    • Firger, J., California bans religious and philosophical vaccine exemptions for schoolchildren. Newsweek, 2015 Retrieved from: http://www.newsweek.com/california-bans-religious-and-philosophical-vaccine-exemptions-schoolchildren-346987.
    • (2015) Newsweek
    • Firger, J.1
  • 29
    • 84962521446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there concordance in attitudes and beliefs between parents and scientists about autism spectrum disorder?
    • Fischbach, R.L., Harris, M.J., Ballan, M.S., Fischbach, G.D., Link, B.G., Is there concordance in attitudes and beliefs between parents and scientists about autism spectrum disorder?. Autism 20 (2016), 353–363.
    • (2016) Autism , vol.20 , pp. 353-363
    • Fischbach, R.L.1    Harris, M.J.2    Ballan, M.S.3    Fischbach, G.D.4    Link, B.G.5
  • 31
    • 33644697893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources of health insurance and characteristics of the uninsured: analysis of the March 2005 current population survey
    • Fronstin, P., Sources of health insurance and characteristics of the uninsured: analysis of the March 2005 current population survey. EBRI Issue Brief., 287, 2005.
    • (2005) EBRI Issue Brief. , vol.287
    • Fronstin, P.1
  • 33
    • 85020186119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Google Places API
    • Google Mountain View, CA
    • Google, Google Places API. 2016, Google, Mountain View, CA.
    • (2016)
    • Google1
  • 34
    • 84902269350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting non-personal and spam users on geotagged twitter network
    • Guo, D., Chen, C., Detecting non-personal and spam users on geotagged twitter network. Trans. GIS 18 (2014), 370–384.
    • (2014) Trans. GIS , vol.18 , pp. 370-384
    • Guo, D.1    Chen, C.2
  • 35
    • 4644363537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Underimmunization among children: effects of vaccine safety concerns on immunization status
    • Gust, D., Strine, T., Maurice, E., Smith, P., Yusuf, H., Wilkinson, M., et al. Underimmunization among children: effects of vaccine safety concerns on immunization status. Pediatrics 114 (2004), e16–e22.
    • (2004) Pediatrics , vol.114 , pp. e16-e22
    • Gust, D.1    Strine, T.2    Maurice, E.3    Smith, P.4    Yusuf, H.5    Wilkinson, M.6
  • 36
    • 12344298506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunization attitudes and beliefs among parents: beyond a dichotomous perspective
    • Gust, D.A., Brown, C.J., Sheedy, K., Hibbs, B., Weaver, D., Nowak, G., Immunization attitudes and beliefs among parents: beyond a dichotomous perspective. Am. J. Health Behav. 29 (2005), 81–92.
    • (2005) Am. J. Health Behav. , vol.29 , pp. 81-92
    • Gust, D.A.1    Brown, C.J.2    Sheedy, K.3    Hibbs, B.4    Weaver, D.5    Nowak, G.6
  • 37
    • 54049103226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parents with doubts about vaccines: which vaccines and reasons why
    • Gust, D.A., Darling, N., Kennedy, A.M., Schwartz, B., Parents with doubts about vaccines: which vaccines and reasons why. Pediatrics 122 (2008), 718–725.
    • (2008) Pediatrics , vol.122 , pp. 718-725
    • Gust, D.A.1    Darling, N.2    Kennedy, A.M.3    Schwartz, B.4
  • 38
    • 51449100143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk, its perception and the media: the MMR controversy
    • Hackett, A.J., Risk, its perception and the media: the MMR controversy. Community Pract. 81 (2008), 22–25.
    • (2008) Community Pract. , vol.81 , pp. 22-25
    • Hackett, A.J.1
  • 39
    • 84990847960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccination coverage among children aged 19–35 months—United States, 2015
    • Hill, H.A., Vaccination coverage among children aged 19–35 months—United States, 2015. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep., 65, 2016.
    • (2016) Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. , vol.65
    • Hill, H.A.1
  • 40
    • 84941214618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National, state, and selected local area vaccination coverage among children aged 19–35 months — United States, 2014
    • Hill, H.A., Elam-Evans, L.D., Yankey, D., Singleton, J.A., Kolasa, M., National, state, and selected local area vaccination coverage among children aged 19–35 months — United States, 2014. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 64 (2015), 889–896.
    • (2015) Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. , vol.64 , pp. 889-896
    • Hill, H.A.1    Elam-Evans, L.D.2    Yankey, D.3    Singleton, J.A.4    Kolasa, M.5
  • 41
    • 0141705370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between thimerosal-containing vaccine and autism
    • Hviid, A., Stellfeld, M., Wohlfahrt, J., Melbye, M., Association between thimerosal-containing vaccine and autism. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 290 (2003), 1763–1766.
    • (2003) J. Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.290 , pp. 1763-1766
    • Hviid, A.1    Stellfeld, M.2    Wohlfahrt, J.3    Melbye, M.4
  • 42
  • 43
    • 0032849662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint statement of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the United States Public Health Service (USPHS), Pediatrics 104 (1999), 568–569.
    • (1999) Pediatrics , vol.104 , pp. 568-569
  • 44
    • 84861006887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-vaccine activists, Web 2.0, and the postmodern paradigm – an overview of tactics and tropes used online by the anti-vaccination movement
    • Kata, A., Anti-vaccine activists, Web 2.0, and the postmodern paradigm – an overview of tactics and tropes used online by the anti-vaccination movement. Vaccine 30 (2012), 3778–3789.
    • (2012) Vaccine , vol.30 , pp. 3778-3789
    • Kata, A.1
  • 45
    • 79955491658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccine attitudes, concerns, and information sources reported by parents of young children: results from the 2009 HealthStyles Survey
    • Kennedy, A.M., Basket, M., Sheedy, K., Vaccine attitudes, concerns, and information sources reported by parents of young children: results from the 2009 HealthStyles Survey. Pediatrics 127 (2011), S92–S99.
    • (2011) Pediatrics , vol.127 , pp. S92-S99
    • Kennedy, A.M.1    Basket, M.2    Sheedy, K.3
  • 47
    • 84874985853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of social desirability bias in sensitive surveys: a literature review
    • Krumpal, I., Determinants of social desirability bias in sensitive surveys: a literature review. Qual. Quant. 47 (2013), 2025–2047.
    • (2013) Qual. Quant. , vol.47 , pp. 2025-2047
    • Krumpal, I.1
  • 48
    • 0017360990 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data
    • Landis, J.R., Koch, G.G., The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33 (1977), 159–174.
    • (1977) Biometrics , vol.33 , pp. 159-174
    • Landis, J.R.1    Koch, G.G.2
  • 49
    • 84897109860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: a systematic review of published literature, 2007–2012
    • Larson, H.J., Jarrett, C., Eckersberger, E., Smith, D., M.D, Paterson, P., Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: a systematic review of published literature, 2007–2012. Vaccine 32 (2014), 2150–2159.
    • (2014) Vaccine , vol.32 , pp. 2150-2159
    • Larson, H.J.1    Jarrett, C.2    Eckersberger, E.3    Smith, D.4    M.D5    Paterson, P.6
  • 50
    • 84922667134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic clusters in underimmunization and vaccine refusal
    • Lieu, T., Ray, G.T., Klein, N.P., Chung, C., Kulldorff, M., Geographic clusters in underimmunization and vaccine refusal. Pediatrics 135 (2015), 280–289.
    • (2015) Pediatrics , vol.135 , pp. 280-289
    • Lieu, T.1    Ray, G.T.2    Klein, N.P.3    Chung, C.4    Kulldorff, M.5
  • 51
    • 84878850555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twitter as a source of vaccination information: content drivers and what they are saying
    • Love, B., Himelboim, I., Holton, A., Stewart, K., Twitter as a source of vaccination information: content drivers and what they are saying. Am. J. Infect. Control 41 (2013), 568–570.
    • (2013) Am. J. Infect. Control , vol.41 , pp. 568-570
    • Love, B.1    Himelboim, I.2    Holton, A.3    Stewart, K.4
  • 52
    • 14544295705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timeliness of childhood vaccinations in the United States: days undervaccinated and number of vaccines delayed
    • Luman, E., Barker, L., Shaw, K., Timeliness of childhood vaccinations in the United States: days undervaccinated and number of vaccines delayed. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 293 (2005), 1204–1211.
    • (2005) J. Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.293 , pp. 1204-1211
    • Luman, E.1    Barker, L.2    Shaw, K.3
  • 53
    • 42949167720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compliance with vaccination recommendations for U.S. children
    • Luman, E., Shaw, K., Stokley, S., Compliance with vaccination recommendations for U.S. children. Am. J. Prev. Med. 34 (2008), 463–470.
    • (2008) Am. J. Prev. Med. , vol.34 , pp. 463-470
    • Luman, E.1    Shaw, K.2    Stokley, S.3
  • 54
    • 85019241166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LightSIDE: open source machine learning for text accessible to non-experts
    • M.D. Shermis J. Burstein Routledge New York, NY
    • Mayfield, E., Rosé, C.P., LightSIDE: open source machine learning for text accessible to non-experts. Shermis, M.D., Burstein, J., (eds.) Handbook of Automated Essay Evaluation, 2013, Routledge, New York, NY, 124–135.
    • (2013) Handbook of Automated Essay Evaluation , pp. 124-135
    • Mayfield, E.1    Rosé, C.P.2
  • 55
    • 84911943519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New directions in agenda-setting theory and research
    • McCombs, M.E., Shaw, D.L., Weaver, D.H., New directions in agenda-setting theory and research. Mass Commun. Soc. 17 (2014), 781–802.
    • (2014) Mass Commun. Soc. , vol.17 , pp. 781-802
    • McCombs, M.E.1    Shaw, D.L.2    Weaver, D.H.3
  • 56
    • 84978119154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • States with Religious and Philosophical Exemptions from School Immunization Requirements
    • National Conference of State Legislatures, States with Religious and Philosophical Exemptions from School Immunization Requirements. 2016.
    • (2016)
    • National Conference of State Legislatures1
  • 57
    • 84898753023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective messages in vaccine promotion: a randomized trial
    • Nyhan, B., Reifler, J., Richey, S., Freed, G.L., Effective messages in vaccine promotion: a randomized trial. Pediatrics 133 (2014), e835–e842.
    • (2014) Pediatrics , vol.133 , pp. e835-e842
    • Nyhan, B.1    Reifler, J.2    Richey, S.3    Freed, G.L.4
  • 58
    • 67650831442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autism's False Prophets: Bad Science, Risky Medicine, and the Search for a Cure
    • Columbia University Press New York
    • Offit, P., Autism's False Prophets: Bad Science, Risky Medicine, and the Search for a Cure. 2008, Columbia University Press, New York.
    • (2008)
    • Offit, P.1
  • 59
    • 57749174491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic clustering of nonmedical exemptions to school immunization requirements and associations with geographic clustering of pertussis
    • Omer, S.B., Enger, K.S., Moulton, L.H., Halsey, N.A., Stokley, S., Salmon, D.A., Geographic clustering of nonmedical exemptions to school immunization requirements and associations with geographic clustering of pertussis. Am. J. Epidemiol. 168 (2008), 1389–1396.
    • (2008) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.168 , pp. 1389-1396
    • Omer, S.B.1    Enger, K.S.2    Moulton, L.H.3    Halsey, N.A.4    Stokley, S.5    Salmon, D.A.6
  • 60
    • 33749659678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonmedical exemptions to school immunization requirements: secular trends and association of state policies with pertussis incidence
    • Omer, S.B., Pan, W.K.Y., Halsey, N.A., Stokley, S., Moulton, L.H., Navar, A.M., et al. Nonmedical exemptions to school immunization requirements: secular trends and association of state policies with pertussis incidence. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 296 (2006), 1757–1763.
    • (2006) J. Am. Med. Assoc. , vol.296 , pp. 1757-1763
    • Omer, S.B.1    Pan, W.K.Y.2    Halsey, N.A.3    Stokley, S.4    Moulton, L.H.5    Navar, A.M.6
  • 61
    • 65649085535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccine refusal, mandatory immunization, and the risks of vaccine-preventable diseases
    • Omer, S.B., Salmon, D.A., Orenstein, W.A., deHart, M.P., Halsey, N.A., Vaccine refusal, mandatory immunization, and the risks of vaccine-preventable diseases. N. Engl. J. Med. 360 (2009), 1981–1988.
    • (2009) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.360 , pp. 1981-1988
    • Omer, S.B.1    Salmon, D.A.2    Orenstein, W.A.3    deHart, M.P.4    Halsey, N.A.5
  • 62
    • 85029513457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whistleblower Claims CDC Covered up Data Showing Vaccine-autism Link
    • Time Inc Time
    • Park, A., Whistleblower Claims CDC Covered up Data Showing Vaccine-autism Link. 2014, Time Inc, Time.
    • (2014)
    • Park, A.1
  • 63
    • 84962554215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between vaccine refusal and vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States: a review of measles and pertussis
    • Phadke, V.K., Bednarczyk, R.A., Salmon, D.A., Omer, S.B., Association between vaccine refusal and vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States: a review of measles and pertussis. JAMA 315 (2016), 1149–1158.
    • (2016) JAMA , vol.315 , pp. 1149-1158
    • Phadke, V.K.1    Bednarczyk, R.A.2    Salmon, D.A.3    Omer, S.B.4
  • 64
    • 79953736779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • “Herd immunity:” a rough guide
    • Plotkin, S., “Herd immunity:” a rough guide. Clin. Infect. Dis. 52 (2011), 911–916.
    • (2011) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.52 , pp. 911-916
    • Plotkin, S.1
  • 66
    • 84879018578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonmedical exemptions to immunization requirements in California: a 16-year longitudinal analysis of trends and associated community factors
    • Richards, J.L., Wagenaar, B.H., Van Otterloo, J., Gondalia, R., Atwell, J.E., Kleinbaum, D.G., et al. Nonmedical exemptions to immunization requirements in California: a 16-year longitudinal analysis of trends and associated community factors. Vaccine 31 (2013), 3009–3013.
    • (2013) Vaccine , vol.31 , pp. 3009-3013
    • Richards, J.L.1    Wagenaar, B.H.2    Van Otterloo, J.3    Gondalia, R.4    Atwell, J.E.5    Kleinbaum, D.G.6
  • 67
    • 84871981836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling spread of disease from social interactions
    • Sadilek, A., Kautz, H.A., Silenzio, V., Modeling spread of disease from social interactions. ICWSM, 2012, 322–329.
    • (2012) ICWSM , pp. 322-329
    • Sadilek, A.1    Kautz, H.A.2    Silenzio, V.3
  • 68
    • 0033532982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health consequences of religious and philosophical exemptions from immunization laws: individual and societal risk of measles
    • Salmon, D.A., Haber, M., Gangarosa, E.J., Phillips, L., Smith, N.J., Chen, R.T., Health consequences of religious and philosophical exemptions from immunization laws: individual and societal risk of measles. Jama 282 (1999), 47–53.
    • (1999) Jama , vol.282 , pp. 47-53
    • Salmon, D.A.1    Haber, M.2    Gangarosa, E.J.3    Phillips, L.4    Smith, N.J.5    Chen, R.T.6
  • 69
    • 18244376814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with refusal of childhood vaccines among parents of school-aged children: a case-control study
    • Salmon, D.A., Moulton, L.H., Omer, S.B., deHart, P., Stokley, S., Halsey, N.A., Factors associated with refusal of childhood vaccines among parents of school-aged children: a case-control study. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 159 (2005), 470–476.
    • (2005) Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. , vol.159 , pp. 470-476
    • Salmon, D.A.1    Moulton, L.H.2    Omer, S.B.3    deHart, P.4    Stokley, S.5    Halsey, N.A.6
  • 70
    • 77949891085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissemination of health information through social networks: twitter and antibiotics
    • Scanfield, D., Scanfield, V., Larson, E.L., Dissemination of health information through social networks: twitter and antibiotics. Am. J. Infect. Control 38 (2010), 182–188.
    • (2010) Am. J. Infect. Control , vol.38 , pp. 182-188
    • Scanfield, D.1    Scanfield, V.2    Larson, E.L.3
  • 71
    • 79955757514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of Twitter to track levels of disease activity and public concern in the US during the influenza A H1N1 pandemic
    • Signorini, A., Segre, A.M., Polgreen, P.M., The use of Twitter to track levels of disease activity and public concern in the US during the influenza A H1N1 pandemic. PLoS One, 6, 2011, e19467.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , pp. e19467
    • Signorini, A.1    Segre, A.M.2    Polgreen, P.M.3
  • 72
    • 0037963733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do parents decide against immunization? The effect of health beliefs and health professionals
    • Smailbegovic, M.S., Laing, G.J., Bedford, H., Why do parents decide against immunization? The effect of health beliefs and health professionals. Child Care Health Dev. 29 (2003), 303–311.
    • (2003) Child Care Health Dev. , vol.29 , pp. 303-311
    • Smailbegovic, M.S.1    Laing, G.J.2    Bedford, H.3
  • 73
    • 84875807596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 13% of Online Adults Use Twitter, and Half of Twitter Users Access the Service on a Cell Phone
    • Pew Research Center
    • Smith, A., 13% of Online Adults Use Twitter, and Half of Twitter Users Access the Service on a Cell Phone. 2011, Pew Research Center.
    • (2011)
    • Smith, A.1
  • 74
    • 80054780492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 8% of Online Americans Use Twitter
    • Pew Research Center
    • Smith, A., Rainie, L., 8% of Online Americans Use Twitter. 2010, Pew Research Center.
    • (2010)
    • Smith, A.1    Rainie, L.2
  • 75
    • 3042829497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children who have received no vaccines: who are they and where do they live?
    • Smith, P.J., Chu, S.Y., Barker, L.E., Children who have received no vaccines: who are they and where do they live?. Pediatrics 114 (2004), 187–195.
    • (2004) Pediatrics , vol.114 , pp. 187-195
    • Smith, P.J.1    Chu, S.Y.2    Barker, L.E.3
  • 76
    • 77955631204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between intentional delay of vaccine administration and timely childhood vaccination coverage
    • Smith, P.J., Humiston, S.G., Parnell, T., Vannice, K.S., Salmon, D.A., The association between intentional delay of vaccine administration and timely childhood vaccination coverage. Public Health Rep. 125 (2010), 534–541.
    • (2010) Public Health Rep. , vol.125 , pp. 534-541
    • Smith, P.J.1    Humiston, S.G.2    Parnell, T.3    Vannice, K.S.4    Salmon, D.A.5
  • 77
    • 84896544915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding public perceptions of benefits and risks of childhood vaccinations in the United States
    • Song, G., Understanding public perceptions of benefits and risks of childhood vaccinations in the United States. Risk Anal. 34 (2014), 541–555.
    • (2014) Risk Anal. , vol.34 , pp. 541-555
    • Song, G.1
  • 81
    • 84901636483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccines are not associated with autism: an evidence-based meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies
    • Taylor, L.E., Swerdfeger, A.L., Eslick, G.D., Vaccines are not associated with autism: an evidence-based meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies. Vaccine 32 (2014), 3623–3629.
    • (2014) Vaccine , vol.32 , pp. 3623-3629
    • Taylor, L.E.1    Swerdfeger, A.L.2    Eslick, G.D.3
  • 83
    • 79955040218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regression shrinkage and selection via the lasso: a retrospective
    • Tibshirani, R., Regression shrinkage and selection via the lasso: a retrospective. J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B Met. 73 (2011), 273–282.
    • (2011) J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B Met. , vol.73 , pp. 273-282
    • Tibshirani, R.1
  • 84
    • 85029493932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Census Reporter
    • UserVoice San Francisco, CA
    • UserVoice, Census Reporter. 2016, UserVoice, San Francisco, CA.
    • (2016)
    • UserVoice1
  • 86
    • 85008703751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status, social capital, and partisan polarity as predictors of political incivility on Twitter: a congressional district-level analysis
    • Vargo, C.J., Hopp, T., Socioeconomic status, social capital, and partisan polarity as predictors of political incivility on Twitter: a congressional district-level analysis. Soc. Sci. Comput. Rev. 35 (2015), 10–32.
    • (2015) Soc. Sci. Comput. Rev. , vol.35 , pp. 10-32
    • Vargo, C.J.1    Hopp, T.2
  • 87
    • 85029516836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington State School Immunization Slide Set, 2015-2016 School Year
    • Washington State Department of Health, Washington State School Immunization Slide Set, 2015-2016 School Year. 2016.
    • (2016)
    • Washington State Department of Health1
  • 89
    • 84861005938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The defining characteristics of Web 2.0 and their potential influence in the online vaccination debate
    • Witteman, H.O., Zikmund-Fisher, B.J., The defining characteristics of Web 2.0 and their potential influence in the online vaccination debate. Vaccine 30 (2012), 3734–3740.
    • (2012) Vaccine , vol.30 , pp. 3734-3740
    • Witteman, H.O.1    Zikmund-Fisher, B.J.2
  • 90
    • 27344437331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccination or immunization? The impact of search terms on the internet
    • Wolfe, R.M., Sharp, L.K., Vaccination or immunization? The impact of search terms on the internet. J. Health Commun. 10 (2005), 537–551.
    • (2005) J. Health Commun. , vol.10 , pp. 537-551
    • Wolfe, R.M.1    Sharp, L.K.2
  • 91
    • 85029529241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (n.d.). Six common misconceptions about immunization.
    • World Health Organization. (n.d.). Six common misconceptions about immunization.
  • 92
    • 84925582256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Science on the map
    • Zastrow, M., Science on the map. Nature, 519, 2015, 119.
    • (2015) Nature , vol.519 , pp. 119
    • Zastrow, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.