Vaccination or immunization? The impact of search terms on the internet

Journal of Health Communication

Volumn 10, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 537-551

  Wolfe, Robert M ^a   Sharp, Lisa K ^b  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; HUMAN; IMMUNIZATION; INFORMATION RETRIEVAL; INTERNET; MEDICAL INFORMATICS; METHODOLOGY; UNITED STATES; VACCINATION;

HUMANS; IMMUNIZATION; INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL; INTERNET; PUBLIC HEALTH INFORMATICS; UNITED STATES; VACCINATION;

EID: 27344437331     PISSN: 10810730     EISSN: 10870415     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10810730500228847     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Abbott, V. P. (2000). Web page quality. Can we measure it and what do we find? J Public Health Med, 22, 191-197.
2. Baker, L., Wagner, T. H., Singer, S., & Bundorf, M. K. (2003). Use of the Internet and e-mail for health care information. Results from a national survey. JAMA, 289, 2400-2406.
3. Begg, N., Ramsay, M., White, J., & Bozoky, Z. (1998). Media dents confidence in MMR vaccine. BMJ, 316, 561.
4. Boseley, S. (2002, February 14). Measles schools named as London outbreak grows. The Guardian. [Available on-line: http://society.guardian.co.uk/ publichealth/story/0,11098, 649725,00.html]
5. Campbell, J. B., Busse, J. W., & Injeyan, H. S. (2000). Chiropractors and vaccination: A historical perspective. Pediatrics, 105, E43. [Available on-line: http://www.pediatric-s.org/cgi/content/full/105/4/e43]
6. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), National Immunization Program. (2003a, July 29). Six common misconceptions about vaccination and how to respond to them. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [Available on-line: http:// www.cdc.gov/nip/publications/6mishome.htm]
7. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), National Immunization Program. (2003b, November 19). What would happen if we stopped vaccinations? Atlanta, GA: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [Available on-line: http://www.cdc.gov/nip/publications/6mishome.htm]
8. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), National Immunization Program. (2004, January 30). Providers' guide: Helping parents who question vaccines. Atlanta, GA: Author. [Available on-line: http://www.cdc.gov/nip/vacsafe/parents-question- vacc-hcp.htm]
9. Coiera, E. (1998). Information epidemics, economics, and immunity on the Internet. We still know so little about the effect of information on public health. BMJ, 317, 1469-1470.
10. Crocco, A. G., Villasis-Keever, M., & Jadad, A. R. (2002). Analysis of cases of harm associated with use of health information on the internet. JAMA, 287, 2869-2871.
11. Davies, P., Chapman, S., & Leask, J. (2002). Antivaccination activists on the world wide web. Arch Dis Child, 87, 22-25.
12. Ding, C., He, X., Husbands, P., Zha, H., & Simon, H. (2002). PageRank, HITS and a unified framework for link analysis. (Technical Report No. 49372. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)). [Available on-line: http://www.siam.org/meetings/sdm03/ proceedings/sdm03_24.pdf]
13. Eysenbach, G. & Köhler, C. (2002). How do consumers search for and appraise health information on the world wide web? Qualitative study using focus groups, usability tests, and in-depth interviews. BMJ, 324, 573-577.
14. Eysenbach, G., Powell, J., Kuss, O., & Sa, E. R. (2002). Empirical studies assessing the quality of health information for consumers on the world wide web: a systematic review. JAMA, 287, 2691-2700.
15. Freed, G. L., Clark, S. J., Hibbs, B. F., & Santoli, J. (2002, April 30). Vaccine safety issues: Physician experiences with parents. Paper presented at 36th National Immunization Conference of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Denver, CO.
16. Frické, M. & Fallis, D. (2003). Indicators of accuracy for answers to ready reference questions on the Internet. JASIST, 55, 238-245.
17. Gellin, B. G., Maibach, E. W., Marcuse, E. K. (2000). Do parents understand immunizations? A national telephone survey. Pediatrics, 106, 1097-1102.
18. Hall, R., O'Brien, E., MacIntyre, C. R., & Gidding, H. (2000). Immunisation myths and realities: Responding to arguments against immunization, 3rd ed., Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
19. Hedger, J. (2004, January 28). Search engine optimization for both Inktomi and Google. The Search Engine Journal. [Available on-line: http://www.search-marketing.info/newsletter/ articles/inktomi-google.htm]
20. Hernández Borges, A. A., Macías Cervi, P., Torres Álvarez de Arcaya, M. L., Gaspar Guardado, M. A., Ruíz Rabaza, A., & Jiménez Sosa, A. (2001, Nov. 29-2 Dec.) Rate of compliance with the HON code of conduct versus number of inbound links as quality markers of pediatric web sites. Proceedings of the 6th World Congress On The Internet in Medicine, Udine, Italy. [Available on-line: http://mednet2001.drmm.uniud.it/ proceedings/paper.php?id=75]
21. Hindman, M., Tsioutsiouliklis, K., & Johnson, J. A. (2003, April 4). "Googlearchy": How a Few Heavily Linked Sites Dominate Politics on the Web. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago. [Available on-line: http://www.princeton.edu/mhindman/ googlearchy-hindman.pdf]
22. Immunization Safety Review Committee of the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences. (2003). Homepaget http://www.iom.edu/imsafety
23. Jansen, B. J., Spink, A., Bateman, J., & Saraccvic, T. (1998). Real life information retrieval: A study of user queries on the web. SIGIR Forum, 32, 5-17.
24. Kim, G. (2004, March 18). Three out of four Americans have access to the Internet, according to Nielsen//Netratings. Online population surges past 200 million mark for the first time. New York: Nielsen//Netratings. [Available on-line: http://www.nielsen-netratings.com/pr/ pr_040318.pdf]
25. Kimmel, S. R., Burns, I. T., & Zimmerman, R. K. (2003). Addressing immunization barriers, benefits, and risks. J Fam Pract, 52(1 Suppl). S47-55.
26. Mason, B. W. & Donnelly, P. D. (2000). Impact of a local newspaper campaign on the uptake of the measles mumps and rubella vaccine. J Epidemiol Community Health, 54, 473-474.
27. McGuire, W. J. (1961). The effectiveness of supportive and reputational defenses in immunizing and restoring beliefs against persuasion. Sociometry, 24, 184-197.
28. Nasir, L. (2000). Reconnoitering the antivaccination web sites: news from the front. J Fam Pract, 49, 731-733.
29. National Network for Immunization Information (NNII). (2004). Evaluating information on the Web, Galveston, TX: Author. [Available on-line: http://www.immunizationinfo. org/about/index.cfm]
30. Papageorgis, D. & McGuire, W. J. (1961). The generality of immunity to persuasion produced by pre-exposure to weakened counterarguments. J Abnorm Soc Psychol, 62, 475-481.
31. Pew Internet & American Life Project. (2000). The online health care revolution: How the Web helps Americans take better care of themselves. Washington, DC: Pew Internet & American Life Project. [Available on-line: http://www.pewinternet.org/reports/toc.asp?Report=26]
32. Pew Internet & American Life Project. (2003). Internet health resource: Health searches and email have become more commonplace, but there is room for improvement in searches and overall Internet access. Washington, DC: Pew Internet & American Life Project. [Available on-line: http://www.pewinternet.org/reports/toc.asp?Report=95]
33. Ratzan, S. C. (2002). The plural of anecdote is not evidence. Journal of Health Communication, 7, 169-170.
34. Risk, A. (2002). Commentary: On the way to quality. BMJ, 324, 601-602. [Available on-line: http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/324/7337/ 598#resp1]
35. Risk, A. & Dzenowagis, J. (2001). Review of Internet health information quality initiatives. J Med Internet Res, 3(4), e28. [Available on-line: http://www.jmir.org/2001/4/e28/ index.htm]
36. Snyder, B. (2000, September 17). Vaccines' safety, morality hit home for girl's parents. The Tennessean. [Available on-line: http://www.tennessean.eom/ sii/00/09/7/vaccine17. shtml]
37. Sullivan, D. (2003, May 5). Who powers whom? Search providers chart. [Available on-line: http://web.archive.org/web/20030801074530/http:// searchenginewatch.com/ reports/article.php/2154601]
38. Sullivan, D. (2004a, February 23). Nielsen NetRatings Search Engine Ratings. [Available on-line: http://web.archive.org/web/20040610044638/ searchenginewatch.com/reports/ article.php/2156451]
39. Sullivan, D. (2004b, April 28). comScore Media Metrix Search Engine Ratings. [Available online: http://web.archive.org/web/20040606014052/http:// searchenginewatch.com/reports/ article.php/2156431]
40. Taylor, H. (2002, May 1). Cyberchondriacs update, Harris Poll No. 21. Rochester, NY: Harris Interactive. [Available on-line: http://www. harrisinteractive.com/harris_poll/index. asp?PID=299]
41. Taylor, H. (2004, January 21). Online activity grows as more people use Internet for more purposes, (Harris Poll No. 4). Rochester, NY: Harris Interactive. [Available on-line: http:// www.harrisinteractive.com/harris_poll/ index.asp?PID=433]
42. Terry, N. (2002). Regulating health information: A US perspective. BMJ, 324, 602-606.
43. Travis, A. (2002, February 20). Three out of four parents favour single jabs for MMR. The Guardian. Retrieved June 24, 2003, from http://society. guardian.co.uk/publichealth/ story/0,11098,653081,00.html
44. Walker, J. (2002). Links and power: The political economy of linking on the Web. In K. M. Anderson, S. Moulthrop, & J. Blustein (Eds.), Hypertext 2002: Proceedings of the Thirteenth ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia (pp. 78-79). New York: ACM Press. [Available on-line: http://cmc.uib.no/jill/ txt/linksandpower.html]
45. Wolfe, R. M. (2002). Vaccine safety activists on the Internet. Expert Rev Vaccines, 1, 249-252.
46. Wolfe, R. M., Sharp, L. K., & Lipsky, M. S. (2002). Content and design attributes of antivaccination web sites. JAMA, 287, 3245-3248.