A systematic review of interventions to increase awareness of mental health and well-being in athletes, coaches and officials

Systematic Reviews

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2017, Pages

  Breslin, Gavin ^a   Shannon, Stephen ^a   Haughey, Tandy ^a   Donnelly, Paul ^b   Leavey, Gerard ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ULSTER   (United Kingdom)

^b House Of Sport   (Ireland)

Author keywords

Athletes; Health promotion; Interventions; Mental health literacy; Resilience; Sport

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATHLETE; ATHLETIC TRAINER; AWARENESS; BEHAVIOR CHANGE; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMAN; INTERVENTION STUDY; MENTAL DISEASE; MENTAL HEALTH; META ANALYSIS; NAMED GROUPS BY OCCUPATION; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT REFERRAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS; PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCORING SYSTEM; SPORT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; WELLBEING; MENTORING; PSYCHOLOGY; STANDARDS;

ATHLETES; AWARENESS; HUMANS; MENTAL DISORDERS; MENTAL HEALTH; MENTORING; SPORTS;

EID: 85028534756     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20464053     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0568-6     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. World Health Organization. Mental health: a state of well-being 2014.
2. Whiteford HA, Degenhardt L, Rehm J, et al. Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2013;382:1575-86.
3. World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs340/en. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/en/. 2014.
4. Abuse S. Mental health services administration (2012) results from the 2011 National survey on drug use and health: summary of national findings, NSDUH series H-44, HHS publication no.(SMA) 12-4713. Rockville: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2012.
5. Rice SM, Purcell R, De Silva S, et al. The mental health of elite athletes: a narrative systematic review. Sports Med. 2016;46:1333-53.
6. Bär K, Markser VZ. Sport specificity of mental disorders: the issue of sport psychiatry. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013;263:205-10.
7. Elbe A-M, Jensen SN. Commentary: comparison of athletes' proneness to depressive symptoms in individual and team sports: research on psychological mediators in junior elite athletes. Front Psychol. 2016;7:1782. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01782.
8. Nixdorf I, Frank R, Beckmann J. Comparison of athletes' proneness to depressive symptoms in individual and team sports: research on psychological mediators in junior elite athletes. Front Psychol. 2016;7:893. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00893
9. Gulliver A, Griffiths KM, Christensen H. Barriers and facilitators to mental health help-seeking for young elite athletes: a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry. 2012;12:1.
10. Hammond T, Gialloreto C, Kubas H, et al. The prevalence of failure-based depression among elite athletes. Clin J Sport Med. 2013;23:273-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e318287b870.
11. Biddle S, Gorely T, Mutrie N. Psychology of physical activity: determinants, well-being and interventions. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge; 2015.
12. Bauman NJ. The stigma of mental health in athletes: are mental toughness and mental health seen as contradictory in elite sport? Br J Sports Med. 2016;50:135-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095570.
13. Donohue B, Miller A, Crammer L, et al. A standardized method of assessing sport specific problems in the relationships of athletes with their coaches, teammates, family, and peers. J Sport Behav. 2007;30:375.
14. Evans M, Weinberg R, Jackson A. Psychological factors related to drug use in college athletes. The Sport Psychologist. 1992;6:24-41.
15. Masland RP. The adolescent: athletics and development. J Adolesc Health Care. 1983;3:237-40.
16. Wiese-Bjornstal DM. Psychology and socioculture affect injury risk, response, and recovery in high-intensity athletes: a consensus statement. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010;20:103-11.
17. King KA, Dowdall MP, Wagner DI. Coaches' attitudes and involvement in alcohol prevention among high school athletes. J Community Health. 2010;35:68-75.
18. Trojian T. Depression is under-recognised in the sport setting: time for primary care sports medicine to be proactive and screen widely for depression symptoms. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50:137-9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095582.
19. Fletcher D, Scott M. Psychological stress in sports coaches: a review of concepts, research, and practice. J Sports Sci. 2010;28:127-37.
20. Thelwell RC, Weston NJ, Greenlees IA, et al. A qualitative exploration of psychological-skills use in coaches. The sport psychologist. 2008;22:38-53.
21. Anshel MH, Weinberg RS. Sources of acute stress in American and Australian basketball referees. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. 1995;7:11-22.
22. Anshel MH, Kang M, Jubenville C. Sources of acute sport stress scale for sports officials: Rasch calibration. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2013;14:362-70.
23. Rainey DW. Stress, burnout, and intention to terminate among umpires. J Sport Behav. 1995;18:312.
24. Al-Haliq M, Altahayneh ZL. Levels of burnout among sports referees in Jordan. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2014;14:47.
25. Jorm AF, Korten AE, Jacomb PA, et al. "Mental health literacy": a survey of the public's ability to recognise mental disorders and their beliefs about the effectiveness of treatment. Med J Aust. 1997;166:182-6.
26. Jorm A. Mental health literacy: public knowledge and beliefs about. Br J Psychiatry. 2000;177:396-401.
27. Miller WR, Zweben J, Johnson WR. Evidence-based treatment: why, what, where, when, and how? J Subst Abus Treat. 2005;29:267-76.
28. Fox A. Fear of failure in the context of competitive sport. Int J Sports Sci Coach. 2008;3:173-7.
29. Sebbens J, Hassmén P, Crisp D, Wensley K. Mental health in sport (MHS): improving the early intervention knowledge and confidence of elite sport staff. Front Psychol. 2016;7:911. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00911
30. Goodheart CD. Psychology practice: design for tomorrow. Am Psychol. 2011;66:339.
31. Putukian M. The psychological response to injury in student athletes: a narrative review with a focus on mental health. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50:145-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095586.
32. Cooper P, Stringer W, Howes J, et al. The state of mind boot room: reducing social isolation and promoting mental fitness. British Journal of Mental Health Nursing. 2015;4:136-9.
33. Seidler ZE, Dawes AJ, Rice SM, Oliffe JL, Dhillon HM. The role of masculinity in men's help-seeking for depression: a systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2016;49:106-18.
34. Cavanagh A, Wilson CJ, Kavanagh DJ, Caputi P. Differences in the expression of symptoms in men versus women with depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Harvard review of psychiatry. 2017;25(1):29-38.
35. Wolanin A, Hong E, Marks D, et al. Prevalence of clinically elevated depressive symptoms in college athletes and differences by gender and sport. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50:167-71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095756.
36. Elite Athlete Brief Counselling Support Program. Accessed from: g https://www.ausport.gov.au/ais/performance:support/psychology/elite_athlete_brief_counseling_support_program(04.07.17).
37. Breslin G, Haughey TJ, Donnelly P, Prentice G. Promoting mental health awareness in sport clubs. J Public Mental Health. 16(2):55-62.
38. Brown GT, Hainline B, Kroshus E, et al. Mind, body and sport: understanding and supporting student-athlete mental wellness 2014.
39. Breslin G, Shannon S, Haughey T, et al. A review of mental health and wellbeing awareness Programmes in sport 2016.
40. Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic Reviews. 2015;4:1.
41. Higgins JP, Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions: Wiley Online Library 2008.
42. Adams, R. J., Smart, P. and Huff, A. S. (2016), Shades of Grey: Guidelines for working with the grey literature in systematic reviews for management and organizational studies. Int J Manag Rev. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12102.
43. Rejeski WJ, Brawley LR. Defining the boundaries of sport psychology. Sport Psychologist. 1988;231-42.
44. Egger M, Juni P, Bartlett C, et al. How important are comprehensive literature searches and the assessment of trial quality in systematic reviews?: empirical study 2003.
45. Goodger K, Gorely T, Lavallee D, et al. Burnout in sport: a systematic review. The sport psychologist. 2007;21:127-51.
46. Coalter F. Sport for development: what game are we playing?: Routledge 2013.
47. Mehta N, Clement S, Marcus E, et al. Evidence for effective interventions to reduce mental health-related stigma and discrimination in the medium and long term: systematic review. Br J Psychiatry. 2015;207:377-84. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.151944.
48. World Health Organization. World health report 2001: mental health 2001.
49. Watson JC. Student-athletes and counseling: factors influencing the decision to seek counseling services. Coll Stud J. 2006;40:35.
50. Reese LMS, Pittsinger R, Yang J. Effectiveness of psychological intervention following sport injury. J Sport Health Sci. 2012;1:71-9.
51. Biddle SJ, Asare M. Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. Br J Sports Med. 2011; https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports.
52. Field A. Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics: sage 2013.
53. Cohen J. A power primer. Psychol Bull. 1992;112:155.
54. Higgins JP, Altman DG, Gotzsche PC, et al. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2011;343:d5928. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d5928.
55. Thomas H. Quality assessment tool for quantitative studies Hamilton. Ontario: Effective Public Health Practice Project; 2003.
56. Deeks J, Dinnes J, D'amico R, et al. Evaluating non-randomised intervention studies. Health Technol Assess. 2003;7:iii-x. 1-173
57. Schumacker RE, Lomax RG. A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling: psychology press 2004.
58. Donohue B, Pitts M, Gavrilova Y, et al. A culturally sensitive approach to treating substance abuse in athletes using evidence-supported methods. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology. 2013;7:98-119.
59. Yang J, Schaefer JT, Zhang N, et al. Social support from the athletic trainer and symptoms of depression and anxiety at return to play. J Athl Train. 2014;49:773-9. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.65.
60. Piacentini MF, Meeusen R. An online training-monitoring system to prevent nonfunctional overreaching. International journal of sports physiology and performance. 2015;10:524-7.
61. Goldberg L, Elliot DL, MacKinnon DP, et al. Drug testing athletes to prevent substance abuse: background and pilot study results of the SATURN (Student Athlete Testing Using Random Notification) study. J Adolesc Health. 2003;32:16-25.
62. Hashim HA, Hanafi Ahmad Yusof H. The effects of progressive muscle relaxation and autogenic relaxation on young soccer players' mood states. Asian J Sports Med. 2011;2:99-105.
63. Tranaeus U, Johnson U, Engström B, et al. A psychological injury prevention group intervention in Swedish floorball. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23:3414-20.
64. Elliot DL, Goldberg L, Moe EL, et al. Preventing substance use and disordered eating: initial outcomes of the ATHENA (Athletes Targeting Healthy Exercise and Nutrition Alternatives) program. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2004;158:1043-9.
65. Elliot DL, Moe EL, Goldberg L, et al. Definition and outcome of a curriculum to prevent disordered eating and body-shaping drug use. J Sch Health. 2006;76:67-73.
66. Elliot DL, Goldberg L, Moe EL, et al. Long-term outcomes of the ATHENA (Athletes Targeting Healthy Exercise & Nutrition Alternatives) program for female high school athletes. J Alcohol Drug Educ. 2008;52:73-92.
67. Bapat S, Jorm A, Lawrence K. Evaluation of a mental health literacy training program for junior sporting clubs. Australasian Psychiatry. 2009;17:475-9.
68. Donohue B, Chow GM, Pitts M, Loughran T, Schubert KN, Gavrilova Y, Allen DN. Piloting a family-supported approach to concurrently optimize mental health and sport performance in athletes. Clinical Case Studies. 2015;14(3):159-77.
69. Gulliver A, Griffiths KM, Christensen H, et al. Internet-based interventions to promote mental health help-seeking in elite athletes: an exploratory randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res. 2012;14:e69.
70. Longshore K, Sachs M. Mindfulness training for coaches: a mixed-method exploratory study. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology. 2015;9:116-37.
71. Pierce D, Liaw S, Dobell J, et al. Australian rural football club leaders as mental health advocates: an investigation of the impact of the coach the coach project. Int J Ment Heal Syst. 2010;4:10.
72. Slack LA, Maynard IW, Butt J, Olusoga P. An evaluation of a mental toughness education and training program for early-career English football league referees. The Sport Psychologist. 2015;29(3):237-57.
73. Tester GJ, Watkins GG, Rouse I. The sports challenge international programme for identified 'at risk' children and adolescents: a Singapore study. Asia Pac J Public Health. 1999;11(1):34-8.
74. Van Raalte JL, Cornelius AE, Andrews S, et al. Mental health referral for student-athletes: web-based education and training. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology. 2015;9:197-212.
75. Ryan RM, Deci EL. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. Am Psychol. 2000;55:68.
76. Ajzen I. Theory of planned behavior. Handb Theor Soc Psychol Vol One. 2011;1:438.
77. Maiman LA, Becker MH. The health belief model: origins and correlates in psychological theory. Health Educ Behav. 1974;2:336-53.
78. Michie S, Ashford S, Sniehotta FF, et al. A refined taxonomy of behaviour change techniques to help people change their physical activity and healthy eating behaviours: the CALO-RE taxonomy. Psychol Health. 2011;26:1479-98.
79. Hagger MS, Chatzisarantis NL. Assumptions in research in sport and exercise psychology. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2009;10:511-9.
80. Cotterill S, Weston N, Breslin G. Sport and exercise psychology: practitioner case studies: John Wiley & Sons 2016.
81. Craig P, Dieppe P, Macintyre S, et al. Developing and evaluating complex interventions: the new Medical Research Council guidance. BMJ. 2008;337:a1655. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a1655.