메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 459-477

The lithic microbial ecosystems of Antarctica's McMurdo Dry Valleys

Author keywords

endoliths; lichens; lithic microhabitat; lithobiontic microorganisms

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; COLONIZATION; ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; LITHIC FRAGMENT; MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; MICROHABITAT; SPECIES DIVERSITY; TERRESTRIAL DEPOSIT;

EID: 85027942579     PISSN: 09541020     EISSN: 13652079     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0954102014000194     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (148)
  • 2
    • 0002207518 scopus 로고
    • The weathering action of saxicolous lichens in maritime Antarctica
    • ASCASO, C., SANCHO, L.G. & RODRIGUEZ-PASCUAL, C. 1990. The weathering action of saxicolous lichens in maritime Antarctica. Polar Biology, 11, 33-39.
    • (1990) Polar Biology , vol.11 , pp. 33-39
    • Ascaso, C.1    Sancho, L.G.2    Rodriguez-Pascual, C.3
  • 3
    • 0036886495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New approaches to the study of Antarctic lithobiontic microorganisms and their inorganic traces, and their application in the detection of life in Martian rocks
    • ASCASO, C. & WIERZCHOS, J. 2002. New approaches to the study of Antarctic lithobiontic microorganisms and their inorganic traces, and their application in the detection of life in Martian rocks. International Microbiology, 5, 215-222.
    • (2002) International Microbiology , vol.5 , pp. 215-222
    • Ascaso, C.1    Wierzchos, J.2
  • 4
    • 0344530798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The search for biomarkers and microbial fossils in Antarctic rock microhabitats
    • ASCASO, C. & WIERZCHOS, J. 2003. The search for biomarkers and microbial fossils in Antarctic rock microhabitats. Geomicrobiology Journal, 20, 439-450.
    • (2003) Geomicrobiology Journal , vol.20 , pp. 439-450
    • Ascaso, C.1    Wierzchos, J.2
  • 5
    • 70350093174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen fixation in endolithic cyanobacterial communities of the McMurdo Dry Valley, Antarctica
    • BANERJEE, M. & VERMA, V. 2009. Nitrogen fixation in endolithic cyanobacterial communities of the McMurdo Dry Valley, Antarctica. Science Asia, 35, 215-219.
    • (2009) Science Asia , vol.35 , pp. 215-219
    • Banerjee, M.1    Verma, V.2
  • 7
    • 0030428303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologically versus inorganically mediated weathering reactions: Relationships between minerals and extracellular microbial polymers in lithobiontic communities
    • BARKER, W.W. & BANFIELD, J.F. 1996. Biologically versus inorganically mediated weathering reactions: relationships between minerals and extracellular microbial polymers in lithobiontic communities. Chemical Geology, 132, 55-69.
    • (1996) Chemical Geology , vol.132 , pp. 55-69
    • Barker, W.W.1    Banfield, J.F.2
  • 8
    • 0032416363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental observations of the effects of bacteria on aluminiosilicate weathering
    • BARKER, W.W., WELCH, S.A., CHU, S. & BANFIELD, J.F. 1998. Experimental observations of the effects of bacteria on aluminiosilicate weathering. American Mineralogist, 83, 1551-1563.
    • (1998) American Mineralogist , vol.83 , pp. 1551-1563
    • Barker, W.W.1    Welch, S.A.2    Chu, S.3    Banfield, J.F.4
  • 9
    • 84911994557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photoinhibition of photosynthesis in Antarctic lichen Usnea antarctica. I. Light intensityand light duration-dependent changes in functioning of photosystem II
    • BARTÁK, M., HÁJEK, J. & OČENÁŠOVÁ, P. 2012. Photoinhibition of photosynthesis in Antarctic lichen Usnea antarctica. I. Light intensityand light duration-dependent changes in functioning of photosystem II. Czech Polar Reports, 2, 42-51.
    • (2012) Czech Polar Reports , vol.2 , pp. 42-51
    • Barták, M.1    Hájek, J.2    Očenášová, P.3
  • 10
    • 36148962447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low temperature limitation of primary photosynthetic processes in Antarctic lichens Umbilicaria antarctica and Xanthoria elegans
    • BARTÁK, M., VACZI, P., HÁJEK, J. & SMYKLA, J. 2007. Low temperature limitation of primary photosynthetic processes in Antarctic lichens Umbilicaria antarctica and Xanthoria elegans. Polar Biology, 31, 47-51.
    • (2007) Polar Biology , vol.31 , pp. 47-51
    • Barták, M.1    Vaczi, P.2    Hájek, J.3    Smykla, J.4
  • 11
    • 58149180161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcellular integrities in Chroococcidiopsis sp. CCMEE 029 survivors after prolonged desiccation revealed by molecular probes and genome stability assays
    • BILLI, D. 2009. Subcellular integrities in Chroococcidiopsis sp. CCMEE 029 survivors after prolonged desiccation revealed by molecular probes and genome stability assays. Extremophiles, 13, 49-57.
    • (2009) Extremophiles , vol.13 , pp. 49-57
    • Billi, D.1
  • 12
    • 84864202412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anhydrobiotic rock-inhabiting cyanobacteria: Potential for astrobiology and biotechnology
    • STAN-LOTTER, H. & FENDRIHAN, S., eds. New York, NY: Springer
    • BILLI, D. 2012. Anhydrobiotic rock-inhabiting cyanobacteria: potential for astrobiology and biotechnology. In STAN-LOTTER, H. & FENDRIHAN, S., eds. Adaptation of microbial life to environmental extremes. New York, NY: Springer, 119-132.
    • (2012) Adaptation of Microbial Life to Environmental Extremes , pp. 119-132
    • Billi, D.1
  • 14
    • 0028155246 scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial ecosystems: Antarctica
    • BLOCK, W. 1994. Terrestrial ecosystems: Antarctica. Polar Biology, 14, 293-300.
    • (1994) Polar Biology , vol.14 , pp. 293-300
    • Block, W.1
  • 15
    • 0000768343 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of chasmolithic algae at coastal locations of Antarctica
    • BROADY, P.A. 1981. The ecology of chasmolithic algae at coastal locations of Antarctica. Phycologia, 20, 259-272.
    • (1981) Phycologia , vol.20 , pp. 259-272
    • Broady, P.A.1
  • 16
    • 57449091301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dewfall as a water source frequently activates the endolithic cyanobacterial communities in the granites of Taylor Valley, Antarctica
    • BÜDEL, B., BENDIX, J., BICKER, F.R. & GREEN, T.G.A. 2008. Dewfall as a water source frequently activates the endolithic cyanobacterial communities in the granites of Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Journal of Phycology, 44, 1415-1424.
    • (2008) Journal of Phycology , vol.44 , pp. 1415-1424
    • Büdel, B.1    Bendix, J.2    Bicker, F.R.3    Green, T.G.A.4
  • 18
    • 0001903428 scopus 로고
    • A critical revision of Antarctic lichens described by C.W. Dodge
    • CASTELLO, M. & NIMIS, P.L. 1995. A critical revision of Antarctic lichens described by C.W. Dodge. Bibliotheca Lichenologica, 57, 71-92.
    • (1995) Bibliotheca Lichenologica , vol.57 , pp. 71-92
    • Castello, M.1    Nimis, P.L.2
  • 19
    • 77957234839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Notes on the lichen genus Rhizoplaca from continental Antarctica and on some other species from northern Victoria Land
    • CASTELLO, M. 2010. Notes on the lichen genus Rhizoplaca from continental Antarctica and on some other species from northern Victoria Land. Lichenologist, 42, 429-437.
    • (2010) Lichenologist , vol.42 , pp. 429-437
    • Castello, M.1
  • 23
    • 80053985760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antarctic terrestrial biodiversity in a changing world
    • CONVEY, P. 2011. Antarctic terrestrial biodiversity in a changing world. Polar Biology, 34, 1629-1641.
    • (2011) Polar Biology , vol.34 , pp. 1629-1641
    • Convey, P.1
  • 24
    • 34848912307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antarctic biodiversity
    • CONVEY, P. & STEVENS, M.I. 2007. Antarctic biodiversity. Science, 317, 1877-1878.
    • (2007) Science , vol.317 , pp. 1877-1878
    • Convey, P.1    Stevens, M.I.2
  • 28
    • 79551686363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diverse hypolithic refuge communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys
    • COWAN, D.A., KHAN, N., POINTING, S.B. & CARY, S.C. 2010. Diverse hypolithic refuge communities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Antarctic Science, 22, 714-720.
    • (2010) Antarctic Science , vol.22 , pp. 714-720
    • Cowan, D.A.1    Khan, N.2    Pointing, S.B.3    Cary, S.C.4
  • 29
    • 79551680486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and abiotic influences on hypolithic microbial communities in an Antarctic Dry Valley
    • COWAN, D.A., POINTING, S.B., STEVENS, M.I., CARY, S.C., STOMEO, F. & TUFFIN, I.M. 2011. Distribution and abiotic influences on hypolithic microbial communities in an Antarctic Dry Valley. Polar Biology, 34, 307-311.
    • (2011) Polar Biology , vol.34 , pp. 307-311
    • Cowan, D.A.1    Pointing, S.B.2    Stevens, M.I.3    Cary, S.C.4    Stomeo, F.5    Tuffin, I.M.6
  • 32
    • 0036046325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microhabitats and chemical microenvironments under saxicolous lichens growing on granite
    • DE LOS RÍOS, A., WIERZCHOS, J. & ASCASO, C. 2002. Microhabitats and chemical microenvironments under saxicolous lichens growing on granite. Microbial Ecology, 43, 181-188.
    • (2002) Microbial Ecology , vol.43 , pp. 181-188
    • De Los-Ríos, A.1    Wierzchos, J.2    Ascaso, C.3
  • 33
    • 33846215028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural and genetic characteristics of endolithic cyanobacterial biofilms colonizing Antarctic granite rocks
    • DE LOS RIOS, A., GRUBE, M., SANCHO, L.G. & ASCASO, C. 2007. Ultrastructural and genetic characteristics of endolithic cyanobacterial biofilms colonizing Antarctic granite rocks. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 59, 386-395.
    • (2007) FEMS Microbiology Ecology , vol.59 , pp. 386-395
    • De Los-Rios, A.1    Grube, M.2    Sancho, L.G.3    Ascaso, C.4
  • 34
    • 0037385273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acid microenvironments in microbial biofilms of Antarctic endolithic microecosystems
    • DE LOS RÍOS, A., WIERZCHOS, J., SANCHO, L.G. & ASCASO, C. 2003. Acid microenvironments in microbial biofilms of Antarctic endolithic microecosystems. Environmental Microbiology, 5, 231-237.
    • (2003) Environmental Microbiology , vol.5 , pp. 231-237
    • De Los-Ríos, A.1    Wierzchos, J.2    Sancho, L.G.3    Ascaso, C.4
  • 35
    • 8144230858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the physiological state of continental Antarctic endolithic microorganisms by microscopy
    • DE LOS RÍOS, A., WIEZCHOS, J., SANCHO, L.G. & ASCASO, C. 2004. Exploring the physiological state of continental Antarctic endolithic microorganisms by microscopy. FEMSMicrobiology Ecology, 50, 143-152.
    • (2004) FEMSMicrobiology Ecology , vol.50 , pp. 143-152
    • De Los-Ríos, A.1    Wiezchos, J.2    Sancho, L.G.3    Ascaso, C.4
  • 36
    • 11144290973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endolithic growth of two Lecidea lichens in granite from continental Antarctica detected by molecular and microscopy techniques
    • DE LOS RÍOS, A., SANCHO, L.G., GRUBE, M., WIERZCHOS, J. & ASCASO, C. 2005b. Endolithic growth of two Lecidea lichens in granite from continental Antarctica detected by molecular and microscopy techniques. New Phytologist, 165, 181-189.
    • (2005) New Phytologist , vol.165 , pp. 181-189
    • De Los-Ríos, A.1    Sancho, L.G.2    Grube, M.3    Wierzchos, J.4    Ascaso, C.5
  • 37
  • 43
    • 0037052531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global dispersal of free-living microbial eukaryote species
    • FINLAY, B.J. 2002. Global dispersal of free-living microbial eukaryote species. Science, 296, 1061-1063.
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 1061-1063
    • Finlay, B.J.1
  • 44
    • 0030301488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examination of Antarctic prokaryotic diversity through molecular comparisons
    • FRANZMANN., P.D. 1996. Examination of Antarctic prokaryotic diversity through molecular comparisons. Biodiversity and Conservation, 5, 1295-1305.
    • (1996) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.5 , pp. 1295-1305
    • Franzmann, P.D.1
  • 45
    • 0002689299 scopus 로고
    • Microorganisms in Antarctic desert rocks from dry valleys and Dufek Massif
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1977. Microorganisms in Antarctic desert rocks from dry valleys and Dufek Massif. Antarctic Journal of the United States, 12(4), 26-29.
    • (1977) Antarctic Journal of the United States , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 26-29
    • Friedmann, E.I.1
  • 46
    • 0001521509 scopus 로고
    • Melting snow in the dry valleys is a source of water for endolithic microorganisms
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1978. Melting snow in the dry valleys is a source of water for endolithic microorganisms. Antarctic Journal of the United States, 13(4), 162-163.
    • (1978) Antarctic Journal of the United States , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 162-163
    • Friedmann, E.I.1
  • 47
    • 0019059155 scopus 로고
    • Endolithic microbial life in hot and cold desserts
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1980. Endolithic microbial life in hot and cold desserts. Origins of life, 10, 223-235.
    • (1980) Origins of Life , vol.10 , pp. 223-235
    • Friedmann, E.I.1
  • 48
    • 0038279773 scopus 로고
    • Endolithic microorganisms in the Antarctic cold desert
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1982. Endolithic microorganisms in the Antarctic cold desert. Science, 215, 1045-1053.
    • (1982) Science , vol.215 , pp. 1045-1053
    • Friedmann, E.I.1
  • 49
    • 0023039805 scopus 로고
    • The Antarctic cold desert and the search for traces of life on Mars
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1986. The Antarctic cold desert and the search for traces of life on Mars. Advances in Space Research, 6, 265-268.
    • (1986) Advances in Space Research , vol.6 , pp. 265-268
    • Friedmann, E.I.1
  • 50
    • 0017119257 scopus 로고
    • Endolithic blue-green algae in dry valleys: Primary producers in the Antarctic desert ecosystem
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I. & OCAMPO-FRIEDMANN, R. 1976. Endolithic blue-green algae in dry valleys: primary producers in the Antarctic desert ecosystem. Science, 193, 1247-1249.
    • (1976) Science , vol.193 , pp. 1247-1249
    • Friedmann, E.I.1    Ocampo-Friedmann, R.2
  • 52
    • 0001835102 scopus 로고
    • Extreme environments, limits of adaptation and extinction
    • GUERRERO, R. & PEDRÓS-ALIÓ, C., eds. Barcelona: Spanish Microbiology Society
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1993. Extreme environments, limits of adaptation and extinction. In GUERRERO, R. & PEDRÓS-ALIÓ, C., eds. Trends in microbial ecology. Barcelona: Spanish Microbiology Society, 9-12.
    • (1993) Trends in Microbial Ecology , pp. 9-12
    • Friedmann, E.I.1
  • 53
    • 0024274930 scopus 로고
    • Cryptoendolithic lichen and cyanobacterial communities of the Ross Desert, Antarctica
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I., HUA, M. & OCAMPO-FRIEDMANN, R. 1988. Cryptoendolithic lichen and cyanobacterial communities of the Ross Desert, Antarctica. Polarforschung, 58, 251-259.
    • (1988) Polarforschung , vol.58 , pp. 251-259
    • Friedmann, E.I.1    Hua, M.2    Ocampo-Friedmann, R.3
  • 54
    • 0023641542 scopus 로고
    • The cryptoendolithic microbial environment in the Ross Desert of Antarctica: Satellitetransmitted continuous nanoclimate data, 1984 to 1986
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I., MCKAY, C.P. & NIENOW, J.A. 1987. The cryptoendolithic microbial environment in the Ross Desert of Antarctica: satellitetransmitted continuous nanoclimate data, 1984 to 1986. Polar Biology, 7, 273-287.
    • (1987) Polar Biology , vol.7 , pp. 273-287
    • Friedmann, E.I.1    McKay, C.P.2    Nienow, J.A.3
  • 55
    • 0023163637 scopus 로고
    • Microbial trace-fossil formation, biogenous and abiotic weathering in the Antarctic cold desert
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I. & WEED, R. 1987. Microbial trace-fossil formation, biogenous and abiotic weathering in the Antarctic cold desert. Science, 236, 703-705.
    • (1987) Science , vol.236 , pp. 703-705
    • Friedmann, E.I.1    Weed, R.2
  • 56
    • 24344446531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communities adjust their temperature optima by shifting producer-to-consumer ratio, shown in lichens as models: I. Hypothesis
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I. & SUN, H.J. 2005. Communities adjust their temperature optima by shifting producer-to-consumer ratio, shown in lichens as models: I. Hypothesis. Microbial Ecology, 49, 523-527.
    • (2005) Microbial Ecology , vol.49 , pp. 523-527
    • Friedmann, E.I.1    Sun, H.J.2
  • 57
    • 0019661385 scopus 로고
    • The lithobiontic ecological niche, with special reference to microorganisms
    • GOLUBIC, S., FRIEDMANN, I. & SCHNEIDER, J. 1981. The lithobiontic ecological niche, with special reference to microorganisms. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 51, 475-478.
    • (1981) Journal of Sedimentary Petrology , vol.51 , pp. 475-478
    • Golubic, S.1    Friedmann, I.2    Schneider, J.3
  • 58
    • 79960472523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High diversity of lichens at 84°S, Queen Maud Mountains, suggests preglacial survival of species in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica
    • GREEN, T.G.A., SANCHO, L.G., TÜRK, R., SEPPELT, R.D. & HOGG, I.D. 2011a. High diversity of lichens at 84°S, Queen Maud Mountains, suggests preglacial survival of species in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 34, 1211-1220.
    • (2011) Polar Biology , vol.34 , pp. 1211-1220
    • Green, T.G.A.1    Sancho, L.G.2    Türk, R.3    Seppelt, R.D.4    Hogg, I.D.5
  • 59
    • 84858004754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extremely low lichen growth rates in Taylor Valley, Dry Valleys, continental Antarctica
    • GREEN, T.G.A., BRABYN, L., BEARD, C. & SANCHO, L.G. 2011b. Extremely low lichen growth rates in Taylor Valley, Dry Valleys, continental Antarctica. Polar Biology, 35, 535-541.
    • (2011) Polar Biology , vol.35 , pp. 535-541
    • Green, T.G.A.1    Brabyn, L.2    Beard, C.3    Sancho, L.G.4
  • 60
    • 80054000299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional and spatial pressures on terrestrial vegetation in Antarctica forced by global warming
    • GREEN, T.G.A., SANCHO, L.G., PINTADO, A. & SCHROETER, B. 2011c. Functional and spatial pressures on terrestrial vegetation in Antarctica forced by global warming. Polar Biology, 34, 1643-1656.
    • (2011) Polar Biology , vol.34 , pp. 1643-1656
    • Green, T.G.A.1    Sancho, L.G.2    Pintado, A.3    Schroeter, B.4
  • 61
    • 84871910746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant life in Antarctica
    • PUGNAIRE, F.I. & VALLADARES, F., eds. Boca Ratón: CRC Press
    • GREEN, T.G.A., SCHROETER, B. & SANCHO, L.G. 2007. Plant life in Antarctica. In PUGNAIRE, F.I. & VALLADARES, F., eds. Functional plant ecology. Boca Ratón: CRC Press, 389-434.
    • (2007) Functional Plant Ecology , pp. 389-434
    • Green, T.G.A.1    Schroeter, B.2    Sancho, L.G.3
  • 62
    • 85047699389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of desiccation on envelopes of the cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp. (Chroococcales)
    • GRILLI CAIOLA, M., BILLI, D. & FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1996. Effect of desiccation on envelopes of the cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp. (Chroococcales). European Journal of Phycology, 31, 97-105.
    • (1996) European Journal of Phycology , vol.31 , pp. 97-105
    • Grilli Caiola, M.1    Billi, D.2    Friedmann, E.I.3
  • 63
    • 15844376258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biotic and abiotic processes on granite weathering landforms in a cryotic environment, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica
    • GUGLIELMIN, M., CANNONE, N., STRINI, A. & LEWKOWICZ, A.G. 2005. Biotic and abiotic processes on granite weathering landforms in a cryotic environment, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 16, 69-85.
    • (2005) Permafrost and Periglacial Processes , vol.16 , pp. 69-85
    • Guglielmin, M.1    Cannone, N.2    Strini, A.3    Lewkowicz, A.G.4
  • 64
    • 0000217119 scopus 로고
    • Progress and problems in taxonomy of Antarctic saxicolous lecideoid lichens
    • PEVELING, E., ed. Berlin: J. Cramer
    • HERTEL, H. 1987. Progress and problems in taxonomy of Antarctic saxicolous lecideoid lichens. In PEVELING, E., ed. Progress and problems in lichenology in the eighties. Berlin: J. Cramer, 219-242.
    • (1987) Progress and Problems in Lichenology in the Eighties , pp. 219-242
    • Hertel, H.1
  • 65
    • 0002528073 scopus 로고
    • Problems in monographing Antarctic crustose lichens
    • HERTEL, H. 1988. Problems in monographing Antarctic crustose lichens. Polarforschung, 58, 65-76.
    • (1988) Polarforschung , vol.58 , pp. 65-76
    • Hertel, H.1
  • 68
    • 32644469125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar UV-B radiation, associated with ozone depletion, inhibits the Antarctic terrestrial microalga. Stichococcus bacillaris
    • HUGHES, K.A. 2006. Solar UV-B radiation, associated with ozone depletion, inhibits the Antarctic terrestrial microalga. Stichococcus bacillaris. Polar Biology, 29, 327-336.
    • (2006) Polar Biology , vol.29 , pp. 327-336
    • Hughes, K.A.1
  • 69
  • 70
    • 0025919426 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthetic carbon incorporation and turnover in Antarctic cryptoendolithic microbial communities: Are they the slowest-growing communities on earth?
    • JOHNSTON, C.G. & VESTAL, J.R. 1991. Photosynthetic carbon incorporation and turnover in Antarctic cryptoendolithic microbial communities: are they the slowest-growing communities on earth? Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 57, 2308-2311.
    • (1991) Applied and Environmental Microbiology , vol.57 , pp. 2308-2311
    • Johnston, C.G.1    Vestal, J.R.2
  • 71
    • 0024857036 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of inorganic species in two Antarctic cryptoendolithic microbial communities
    • JOHNSTON, C.G. & VESTAL, J.R. 1989. Distribution of inorganic species in two Antarctic cryptoendolithic microbial communities. Geomicrobiology Journal, 7, 137-153.
    • (1989) Geomicrobiology Journal , vol.7 , pp. 137-153
    • Johnston, C.G.1    Vestal, J.R.2
  • 72
    • 0001633433 scopus 로고
    • Biogeochemistry of oxalate in the Antarctic cryptoendolithic lichen-dominated community
    • JOHNSTON, C.G. & VESTAL, J.R. 1993. Biogeochemistry of oxalate in the Antarctic cryptoendolithic lichen-dominated community. Microbial Ecology, 25, 305-319.
    • (1993) Microbial Ecology , vol.25 , pp. 305-319
    • Johnston, C.G.1    Vestal, J.R.2
  • 73
    • 0002079550 scopus 로고
    • Lichens in the Antarctic region
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I., ed. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss
    • KAPPEN, L. 1993. Lichens in the Antarctic region. In FRIEDMANN, E.I., ed. Antarctic microbiology. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss, 433-490.
    • (1993) Antarctic Microbiology , pp. 433-490
    • Kappen, L.1
  • 74
    • 33845605047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diversity of lichens in Antarctica, a review and comments
    • KAPPEN, L. 2004. The diversity of lichens in Antarctica, a review and comments. Bibliotheca Lichenologica, 88, 331-343.
    • (2004) Bibliotheca Lichenologica , vol.88 , pp. 331-343
    • Kappen, L.1
  • 75
    • 0001736424 scopus 로고
    • Ecophysiology of lichens in the dry valleys of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. I. Microclimate of the cryptoendolithic lichen habitat
    • KAPPEN, L., FRIEDMANN, E.I. & GARTY, J. 1981. Ecophysiology of lichens in the dry valleys of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. I. Microclimate of the cryptoendolithic lichen habitat. Flora, 171, 216-235.
    • (1981) Flora , vol.171 , pp. 216-235
    • Kappen, L.1    Friedmann, E.I.2    Garty, J.3
  • 76
    • 0001525870 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthesis and water relations of three maritine Antarctic lichen species
    • KAPPEN, L. & REDON, J. 1987. Photosynthesis and water relations of three maritine Antarctic lichen species. Flora, 179, 215-229.
    • (1987) Flora , vol.179 , pp. 215-229
    • Kappen, L.1    Redon, J.2
  • 78
    • 80053991326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypolithic microbial communities of quartz rocks from Miers Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
    • KHAN, N., TUFFIN, M., STAFFORD, W., CARY, C., LACAP, D.C., POINTING, S.B. & COWAN, D. 2011. Hypolithic microbial communities of quartz rocks from Miers Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 34, 1657-1668.
    • (2011) Polar Biology , vol.34 , pp. 1657-1668
    • Khan, N.1    Tuffin, M.2    Stafford, W.3    Cary, C.4    Lacap, D.C.5    Pointing, S.B.6    Cowan, D.7
  • 79
    • 33746174612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypersaline conditions induce changes in cell-wall melanization and colony structure in a halophilic and a xerophilic black yeast species of the genus Trimmatostroma
    • KOGEJ, T., GORBUSHINA, A.A. & GUNDE-CIMERMAN, N. 2006. Hypersaline conditions induce changes in cell-wall melanization and colony structure in a halophilic and a xerophilic black yeast species of the genus Trimmatostroma. Mycological Research, 110, 713-724.
    • (2006) Mycological Research , vol.110 , pp. 713-724
    • Kogej, T.1    Gorbushina, A.A.2    Gunde-Cimerman, N.3
  • 80
    • 58149231071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Desiccation-tolerance in lichens: A review
    • KRANNER, I., BECKETT, R., HOCHMAN, A. & NASH, T.H. 2008. Desiccation-tolerance in lichens: a review. Bryologist, 111, 576-593.
    • (2008) Bryologist , vol.111 , pp. 576-593
    • Kranner, I.1    Beckett, R.2    Hochman, A.3    Nash, T.H.4
  • 82
    • 0001958251 scopus 로고
    • 2-gasweshsel von Flechten bei tiefen temperaturen
    • 2-gasweshsel von Flechten bei tiefen temperaturen. Planta, 64, 1-19.
    • (1965) Planta , vol.64 , pp. 1-19
    • Lange, O.L.1
  • 84
    • 0035075266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light attenuation by limestone rock and its constraint on the depth distribution of endolithic algae and cyanobacteria
    • MATTHES, U., TURNER, S.J. & LARSON, D.W. 2001. Light attenuation by limestone rock and its constraint on the depth distribution of endolithic algae and cyanobacteria. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162, 263-270.
    • (2001) International Journal of Plant Sciences , vol.162 , pp. 263-270
    • Matthes, U.1    Turner, S.J.2    Larson, D.W.3
  • 85
    • 0022417275 scopus 로고
    • The cryptoendolithic microbial environment in the Antarctic cold desert: Temperature variations in nature
    • MCKAY, C.P. & FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1985. The cryptoendolithic microbial environment in the Antarctic cold desert: temperature variations in nature. Polar Biology, 4, 19-25.
    • (1985) Polar Biology , vol.4 , pp. 19-25
    • McKay, C.P.1    Friedmann, E.I.2
  • 86
    • 0033825036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium oxalate and medullary architecture in Xanthomaculina convoluta
    • MODENESI, P., PIANA, M., GIORDANI, P., TAFANELLI, A. & BARTOLI, A. 2000. Calcium oxalate and medullary architecture in Xanthomaculina convoluta. Lichenologist, 32, 505-512.
    • (2000) Lichenologist , vol.32 , pp. 505-512
    • Modenesi, P.1    Piana, M.2    Giordani, P.3    Tafanelli, A.4    Bartoli, A.5
  • 87
  • 88
    • 80053032131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogeography of terrestrial cyanobacteria from Antarctic ice-free areas
    • NAMSARAEV, Z., MANO, M.J., FERNÁNDEZ, R. & WILMOTTE, A. 2010. Biogeography of terrestrial cyanobacteria from Antarctic ice-free areas. Annals of Glaciology, 51, 171-177.
    • (2010) Annals of Glaciology , vol.51 , pp. 171-177
    • Namsaraev, Z.1    Mano, M.J.2    Fernández, R.3    Wilmotte, A.4
  • 89
    • 0024274894 scopus 로고
    • The cryptoendolithic microbial environment in the Ross Desert of Antarctica: Light in the photosynthetically active region
    • NIENOW, J.A., MCKAY, C.P. & FRIEDMANN, I.E. 1988. The cryptoendolithic microbial environment in the Ross Desert of Antarctica: light in the photosynthetically active region. Microbial Ecology, 16, 271-289.
    • (1988) Microbial Ecology , vol.16 , pp. 271-289
    • Nienow, J.A.1    McKay, C.P.2    Friedmann, I.E.3
  • 90
    • 0002353315 scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial lithophytic (rock) communities
    • FRIEDMANN, E.I., ed. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss
    • NIENOW, J.A. & FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1993. Terrestrial lithophytic (rock) communities. In FRIEDMANN, E.I., ed. Antarctic microbiology. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss, 343-412.
    • (1993) Antarctic Microbiology , pp. 343-412
    • Nienow, J.A.1    Friedmann, E.I.2
  • 91
    • 0348127582 scopus 로고
    • Studies on evaporite minerals from Dry Valley, Victoria Land, Antarctica
    • NISHIYAMA, T. 1977. Studies on evaporite minerals from Dry Valley, Victoria Land, Antarctica. Antarctic Record, 58, 171-185.
    • (1977) Antarctic Record , vol.58 , pp. 171-185
    • Nishiyama, T.1
  • 92
    • 54049125729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endolithic microbial communities in polar desert habitats
    • OMELON, C.R. 2008. Endolithic microbial communities in polar desert habitats. Geomicrobiology Journal, 25, 404-414.
    • (2008) Geomicrobiology Journal , vol.25 , pp. 404-414
    • Omelon, C.R.1
  • 93
    • 35448979512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inorganic species distribution and microbial diversity within high arctic cryptoendolithic habitats
    • OMELON, C.R., POLLLARD, W. & FERRIS, F.G. 2007. Inorganic species distribution and microbial diversity within high arctic cryptoendolithic habitats. Microbial Ecology, 54, 740-752.
    • (2007) Microbial Ecology , vol.54 , pp. 740-752
    • Omelon, C.R.1    Polllard, W.2    Ferris, F.G.3
  • 97
    • 63849133472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further additions to the lichen flora of Antarctica and South Georgia
    • ØVSTEDAL, D.O. & SMITH, R.I.L. 2009. Further additions to the lichen flora of Antarctica and South Georgia. Nova Hedwigia, 88, 157-168.
    • (2009) Nova Hedwigia , vol.88 , pp. 157-168
    • Øvstedal, D.O.1    Smith, R.I.L.2
  • 98
    • 80054893788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Four additional lichens from the Antarctic and South Georgia, including a new Leciophysma species
    • ØVSTEDAL, D.O. & SMITH, R.I.L. 2011. Four additional lichens from the Antarctic and South Georgia, including a new Leciophysma species. Folia Cryptogamica Estonica, 48, 65-68.
    • (2011) Folia Cryptogamica Estonica , vol.48 , pp. 65-68
    • Øvstedal, D.O.1    Smith, R.I.L.2
  • 101
    • 33845613247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity and biogeography of the Antarctic flora
    • PEAT, H.J., CLARKE, A. & CONVEY, P. 2007. Diversity and biogeography of the Antarctic flora. Journal of Biogeography, 34, 132-146.
    • (2007) Journal of Biogeography , vol.34 , pp. 132-146
    • Peat, H.J.1    Clarke, A.2    Convey, P.3
  • 102
    • 84867717167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lichen myco- and photobiont diversity and their relationships at the edge of life (McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica)
    • PÉREZ-ORTEGA, S., ORTIZ-ALVAREZ, R., GREEN, T.G.A. & DE LOS RÍOS, A. 2012. Lichen myco- and photobiont diversity and their relationships at the edge of life (McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica). FEMS Microbial Ecology, 82, 429-448.
    • (2012) FEMS Microbial Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 429-448
    • Pérez-Ortega, S.1    Ortiz-Alvarez, R.2    Green, T.G.A.3    De Los-Ríos, A.4
  • 104
    • 84863986135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial colonization and controls in dryland systems
    • POINTING, S.B. & BELNAP, J. 2012. Microbial colonization and controls in dryland systems. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 10, 551-562.
    • (2012) Nature Reviews Microbiology , vol.10 , pp. 551-562
    • Pointing, S.B.1    Belnap, J.2
  • 105
    • 79957500227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole lichen thalli survive exposure to space conditions: Results of lithopanspermia experiment with Aspicilia fruticulosa
    • RAGGIO, J., PINTADO, A., ASCASO, C., DE LA TORRE, R., DE LOS RÍOS, A., WIERZCHOS, J., HORNECK, G. & SANCHO, L.G. 2011. Whole lichen thalli survive exposure to space conditions: results of lithopanspermia experiment with Aspicilia fruticulosa. Astrobiology, 11, 281-292.
    • (2011) Astrobiology , vol.11 , pp. 281-292
    • Raggio, J.1    Pintado, A.2    Ascaso, C.3    De La-Torre, R.4    De Los-Ríos, A.5    Wierzchos, J.6    Horneck, G.7    Sancho, L.G.8
  • 106
    • 0036667681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity of algal and fungal partners in four species of Umbilicaria (lichenized Ascomycetes) along a transect of the Antarctic Peninsula
    • ROMEIKE, J., FRIEDL, T., HELMS, G. & OTT, S. 2002. Genetic diversity of algal and fungal partners in four species of Umbilicaria (lichenized Ascomycetes) along a transect of the Antarctic Peninsula. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 19, 1209-1217.
    • (2002) Molecular Biology and Evolution , vol.19 , pp. 1209-1217
    • Romeike, J.1    Friedl, T.2    Helms, G.3    Ott, S.4
  • 107
    • 0023629714 scopus 로고
    • Survival strategies of bacteria in the natural environment
    • ROSZAK, D.B. & COLWELL, R.R. 1987. Survival strategies of bacteria in the natural environment. Microbiological Reviews, 51, 365-379.
    • (1987) Microbiological Reviews , vol.51 , pp. 365-379
    • Roszak, D.B.1    Colwell, R.R.2
  • 110
    • 84871898635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity of photobionts in Antarctic lecideoid lichens from an ecological viewpoint
    • RUPRECHT, U., BRUNAUER, G. & PRINTZEN, C. 2012. Genetic diversity of photobionts in Antarctic lecideoid lichens from an ecological viewpoint. Lichenologist, 44, 661-678.
    • (2012) Lichenologist , vol.44 , pp. 661-678
    • Ruprecht, U.1    Brunauer, G.2    Printzen, C.3
  • 111
    • 79951691626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of Lecidea (Lecideaceae, Ascomycota) species revealed by molecular data and morphological characters
    • RUPRECHT, U., LUMBSCH., H.T., BRUNAUER, G., GREEN, T.G.A. & TÜRK, R. 2010. Diversity of Lecidea (Lecideaceae, Ascomycota) species revealed by molecular data and morphological characters. Antarctic Science, 22, 727-741.
    • (2010) Antarctic Science , vol.22 , pp. 727-741
    • Ruprecht, U.1    Lumbsch, H.T.2    Brunauer, G.3    Green, T.G.A.4    Türk, R.5
  • 113
    • 0001518947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecophysiology of Antarctic versus temperate populations of a bipolar lichen: The key role of the photosynthetic partner
    • DAVISON, W., HOWARD-WILLIAMS, C. & BROADY, P., eds. Christchurch: New Zealand Natural Sciences
    • SANCHO, L.G., VALLADARES, F., SCHROETER, B. & KAPPEN, L. 2000. Ecophysiology of Antarctic versus temperate populations of a bipolar lichen: the key role of the photosynthetic partner. In DAVISON, W., HOWARD-WILLIAMS, C. & BROADY, P., eds. Antarctic ecosystems: models for wider ecological understanding. Christchurch: New Zealand Natural Sciences, 190-194.
    • (2000) Antarctic Ecosystems: Models for Wider Ecological Understanding , pp. 190-194
    • Sancho, L.G.1    Valladares, F.2    Schroeter, B.3    Kappen, L.4
  • 114
    • 0027341494 scopus 로고
    • Microfossils of the early archean apex chert: New evidence of the antiquity of life
    • SCHOPF, J.W. 1993. Microfossils of the early archean apex chert: new evidence of the antiquity of life. Science, 260, 640-646.
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 640-646
    • Schopf, J.W.1
  • 115
    • 0000934862 scopus 로고
    • Carbon dioxide exchange at subzero temperatures: Field measurements on Umbilicata aprina in Antarctica
    • SCHROETER, B., GREEN, T.G.A., KAPPEN, L. & SEPPELT, R.D. 1994. Carbon dioxide exchange at subzero temperatures: field measurements on Umbilicata aprina in Antarctica. Cryptogamic Botany, 4, 233-241.
    • (1994) Cryptogamic Botany , vol.4 , pp. 233-241
    • Schroeter, B.1    Green, T.G.A.2    Kappen, L.3    Seppelt, R.D.4
  • 116
    • 79951725348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fourteen degrees of latitude and a continent apart: Comparison of lichen activity over two years at continental and maritime Antarctic sites
    • SCHROETER, B., GREEN, T.G.A., PANNEWITZ, S., SCHLENSOG, M. & SANCHO, L.G. 2010. Fourteen degrees of latitude and a continent apart: comparison of lichen activity over two years at continental and maritime Antarctic sites. Antarctic Science, 22, 681-690.
    • (2010) Antarctic Science , vol.22 , pp. 681-690
    • Schroeter, B.1    Green, T.G.A.2    Pannewitz, S.3    Schlensog, M.4    Sancho, L.G.5
  • 117
    • 78751605030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summer variability, winter dormancy: Lichen activity over 3 years at Botany Bay, 77°S latitude, continental Antarctica
    • SCHROETER, B., GREEN, T.G.A., PANNEWITZ, S., SCHLENSOG, M. & SANCHO, L.G. 2011. Summer variability, winter dormancy: lichen activity over 3 years at Botany Bay, 77°S latitude, continental Antarctica. Polar Biology, 34, 13-22.
    • (2011) Polar Biology , vol.34 , pp. 13-22
    • Schroeter, B.1    Green, T.G.A.2    Pannewitz, S.3    Schlensog, M.4    Sancho, L.G.5
  • 120
    • 80053181954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to UV-B induced DNA damage in extreme-tolerant cryptoendolithic Antarctic fungi: Detection by PCR assays
    • SELBMANN, L., ISOLA, D., ZUCCONI, L. & ONOFRI, S. 2011. Resistance to UV-B induced DNA damage in extreme-tolerant cryptoendolithic Antarctic fungi: detection by PCR assays. Fungal Biology, 115, 937-944.
    • (2011) Fungal Biology , vol.115 , pp. 937-944
    • Selbmann, L.1    Isola, D.2    Zucconi, L.3    Onofri, S.4
  • 122
    • 0037901860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic DNA of Nostoc commune (cyanobacteria) becomes covalently modified during long-term (decades) desiccation but is protected from oxidative damage and degradation
    • SHIRKEY, B., MCMASTER, N.J., SMITH, S.C., WRIGHT, D.J., RODRIGUEZ, H., JARUGA, P., BIRINCIOGLU, M., HELM, R.F. & POTTS, M. 2003. Genomic DNA of Nostoc commune (cyanobacteria) becomes covalently modified during long-term (decades) desiccation but is protected from oxidative damage and degradation. Nucleic Acids Research, 31, 2995-3005.
    • (2003) Nucleic Acids Research , vol.31 , pp. 2995-3005
    • Shirkey, B.1    McMaster, N.J.2    Smith, S.C.3    Wright, D.J.4    Rodriguez, H.5    Jaruga, P.6    Birincioglu, M.7    Helm, R.F.8    Potts, M.9
  • 123
    • 0024274899 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of 15 selected coccal bacteria isolated from Antarctic rock and soil samples from the McMurdo Dry Valleys (south Victoria Land)
    • SIEBERT, J. & HIRSCH, P. 1988. Characterization of 15 selected coccal bacteria isolated from Antarctic rock and soil samples from the McMurdo Dry Valleys (south Victoria Land). Polar Biology, 9, 37-44.
    • (1988) Polar Biology , vol.9 , pp. 37-44
    • Siebert, J.1    Hirsch, P.2
  • 124
    • 0030301485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptoendolithic microorganisms from Antarctic sandstone of Linnaeus Terrace (Asgard range): Diversity, properties and interactions
    • SIEBERT, J., HIRSCH, P., HOFFMANN, B., GLIESCHE, C.G., PEISSL, K. & JENDRACH, M. 1996. Cryptoendolithic microorganisms from Antarctic sandstone of Linnaeus Terrace (Asgard range): diversity, properties and interactions. Biodiversity and Conservation, 5, 1337-1363.
    • (1996) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.5 , pp. 1337-1363
    • Siebert, J.1    Hirsch, P.2    Hoffmann, B.3    Gliesche, C.G.4    Peissl, K.5    Jendrach, M.6
  • 126
    • 84862125006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fungi in hot and cold deserts with particular reference to microcolonial fungi
    • STERFLINGER, K., TESEI, D. & ZAKHAROVA, K. 2012. Fungi in hot and cold deserts with particular reference to microcolonial fungi. Fungal Ecology, 5, 453-462.
    • (2012) Fungal Ecology , vol.5 , pp. 453-462
    • Sterflinger, K.1    Tesei, D.2    Zakharova, K.3
  • 127
    • 0032830709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth on geological time scales in the Antarctic cryptoendolithic microbial community
    • SUN, H.J. & FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1999. Growth on geological time scales in the Antarctic cryptoendolithic microbial community. Geomicrobiology Journal, 16, 193-202.
    • (1999) Geomicrobiology Journal , vol.16 , pp. 193-202
    • Sun, H.J.1    Friedmann, E.I.2
  • 128
    • 32044432555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crucial role of extracellular polysaccharides in desiccation and freezing tolerance in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc Commune
    • TAMARU, Y., TAKANI, Y., YOSHIDA, T. & SAKAMOTO, T. 2005. Crucial role of extracellular polysaccharides in desiccation and freezing tolerance in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc Commune. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71, 7327-7333.
    • (2005) Applied and Environmental Microbiology , vol.71 , pp. 7327-7333
    • Tamaru, Y.1    Takani, Y.2    Yoshida, T.3    Sakamoto, T.4
  • 129
    • 20044379435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of Antarctic soil fungal assemblages to experimental warming and reduction of UV radiation
    • TOSI, S., ONOFRI, S., BRUSONI, M., ZUCCONI, L. & VISHNIAC, H. 2005. Response of Antarctic soil fungal assemblages to experimental warming and reduction of UV radiation. Polar Biology, 28, 470-482.
    • (2005) Polar Biology , vol.28 , pp. 470-482
    • Tosi, S.1    Onofri, S.2    Brusoni, M.3    Zucconi, L.4    Vishniac, H.5
  • 130
    • 0021753192 scopus 로고
    • Hemichloris antarctica gen. Et sp. Nov. (Chlorococcales, Chlorophyta) a cryptoendolithic alga from Antarctica
    • TSCHERMAK-WOESS, E. & FRIEDMANN, E.I. 1984. Hemichloris antarctica gen. et sp. nov. (Chlorococcales, Chlorophyta) a cryptoendolithic alga from Antarctica. Phycologia, 23, 443-454.
    • (1984) Phycologia , vol.23 , pp. 443-454
    • Tschermak-Woess, E.1    Friedmann, E.I.2
  • 131
    • 0024000588 scopus 로고
    • Biomass of the cryptoendolithic microbiota from the Antarctic desert
    • VESTAL, J.R. 1988. Biomass of the cryptoendolithic microbiota from the Antarctic desert. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 54, 957-959.
    • (1988) Applied and Environmental Microbiology , vol.54 , pp. 957-959
    • Vestal, J.R.1
  • 132
    • 18844433352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raman spectroscopy of hot desert, high altitude epilithic lichens
    • VILLAR, S.E.J., EDWARDS, H.G.M. & SEAWARD, M.R.D. 2005. Raman spectroscopy of hot desert, high altitude epilithic lichens. Analyst, 130, 730-737.
    • (2005) Analyst , vol.130 , pp. 730-737
    • Villar, S.E.J.1    Edwards, H.G.M.2    Seaward, M.R.D.3
  • 133
    • 40949117994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cold tolerance in cyanobacteria and life in the cryosphere
    • SECKBACH, J., ed. Heidelberg: Springer
    • VINCENT, W.F. 2007. Cold tolerance in cyanobacteria and life in the cryosphere. In SECKBACH, J., ed. Algae and cyanobacteria in extreme environments. Heidelberg: Springer, 289-304.
    • (2007) Algae and Cyanobacteria in Extreme Environments , pp. 289-304
    • Vincent, W.F.1
  • 135
    • 34249885115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic composition of Rocky Mountain endolithic microbial ecosystems
    • WALKER, J.J. & PACE, N.R. 2007. Phylogenetic composition of Rocky Mountain endolithic microbial ecosystems. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 73, 3497-3504.
    • (2007) Applied and Environmental Microbiology , vol.73 , pp. 3497-3504
    • Walker, J.J.1    Pace, N.R.2
  • 136
    • 0142141350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exogenous carbonaceous microstructures in Early Archaean cherts and BIFs from the Isua Greenstone Belt: Implications for the search for life in ancient rocks
    • WESTALL, F. & FOLK, R.L. 2003. Exogenous carbonaceous microstructures in Early Archaean cherts and BIFs from the Isua Greenstone Belt: implications for the search for life in ancient rocks. Precambrian Research, 126, 313-330.
    • (2003) Precambrian Research , vol.126 , pp. 313-330
    • Westall, F.1    Folk, R.L.2
  • 137
    • 0028000843 scopus 로고
    • Application of back-scattered electron imaging to the study of the lichen rock interface
    • WIERZCHOS, J. & ASCASO, C. 1994. Application of back-scattered electron imaging to the study of the lichen rock interface. Journal of Microscopy, 175, 54-59.
    • (1994) Journal of Microscopy , vol.175 , pp. 54-59
    • Wierzchos, J.1    Ascaso, C.2
  • 138
    • 0030442063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological and chemical features of bioweathered granitic biotite induced by lichen activity
    • WIERZCHOS, J. & ASCASO, C. 1996. Morphological and chemical features of bioweathered granitic biotite induced by lichen activity. Clays and Clay Minerals, 44, 652-657.
    • (1996) Clays and Clay Minerals , vol.44 , pp. 652-657
    • Wierzchos, J.1    Ascaso, C.2
  • 139
    • 0032148149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineralogical transformation of bioweathered granitic biotite, studied by HRTEM: Evidence for a new pathway in lichen activity
    • WIERZCHOS, J. & ASCASO, C. 1998. Mineralogical transformation of bioweathered granitic biotite, studied by HRTEM: evidence for a new pathway in lichen activity. Clays and clay minerals, 46, 446-452.
    • (1998) Clays and Clay Minerals , vol.46 , pp. 446-452
    • Wierzchos, J.1    Ascaso, C.2
  • 140
    • 0035166462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life, decay and fossilisation of endolithic microorganisms from the Ross Desert, Antarctica
    • WIERZCHOS, J. & ASCASO, C. 2001. Life, decay and fossilisation of endolithic microorganisms from the Ross Desert, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 24, 863-868.
    • (2001) Polar Biology , vol.24 , pp. 863-868
    • Wierzchos, J.1    Ascaso, C.2
  • 141
    • 0345044628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial fossil record of rocks from the Ross Desert Antarctica: Implications in the search for past life in Mars
    • WIERZCHOS, J. & ASCASO, C. 2002. Microbial fossil record of rocks from the Ross Desert Antarctica: implications in the search for past life in Mars. International Journal of Astrobiology, 1, 51-59.
    • (2002) International Journal of Astrobiology , vol.1 , pp. 51-59
    • Wierzchos, J.1    Ascaso, C.2
  • 142
    • 15944396510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomineralization of endolithic microbes in rocks from the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica: Implications for microbial fossil formation and their detection
    • WIERZCHOS, J., SANCHO, L.G. & ASCASO, C. 2005. Biomineralization of endolithic microbes in rocks from the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica: implications for microbial fossil formation and their detection. Environmental Microbiology, 7, 566-575.
    • (2005) Environmental Microbiology , vol.7 , pp. 566-575
    • Wierzchos, J.1    Sancho, L.G.2    Ascaso, C.3
  • 143
    • 0037248930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron-rich diagenetic minerals are biomarkers of microbial activity in Antarctic rocks
    • WIERZCHOS, J., ASCASO, C., SANCHO, L.G. & GREEN, A. 2003. Iron-rich diagenetic minerals are biomarkers of microbial activity in Antarctic rocks. Geomicrobiology Journal, 20, 15-24.
    • (2003) Geomicrobiology Journal , vol.20 , pp. 15-24
    • Wierzchos, J.1    Ascaso, C.2    Sancho, L.G.3    Green, A.4
  • 144
    • 4744372506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viability of endolithic microorganisms in rocks from the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica established by confocal and fluorescence microscopy
    • WIERZCHOS, J., DE LOS RÍOS, A., SANCHO, L.G. & ASCASO, C. 2004. Viability of endolithic microorganisms in rocks from the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica established by confocal and fluorescence microscopy. Journal of Microscopy, 216, 57-61.
    • (2004) Journal of Microscopy , vol.216 , pp. 57-61
    • Wierzchos, J.1    De Los-Ríos, A.2    Sancho, L.G.3    Ascaso, C.4
  • 145
    • 0242661188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Snow and ice as an important ecological factor for the cryptogams in the maritime Antarctic
    • DAVISON, W., HOWARD-WILLIAMS, C. & BROADY, P., eds. Christchurch: New Zealand Natural Sciences
    • WINKLER, J.B., KAPPEN, L. & SCHULZ, F. 2000. Snow and ice as an important ecological factor for the cryptogams in the maritime Antarctic. In DAVISON, W., HOWARD-WILLIAMS, C. & BROADY, P., eds. Antarctic ecosystems: models for wider ecological understanding. Christchurch: New Zealand Natural Sciences, 220-224.
    • (2000) Antarctic Ecosystems: Models for Wider Ecological Understanding , pp. 220-224
    • Winkler, J.B.1    Kappen, L.2    Schulz, F.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.