메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 1-523

Privacy impact assessment

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85027313675     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2543-0     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (117)

References (478)
  • 2
    • 80054085203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second Edition
    • Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO), Guidance on the Management of Police Information, Second Edition, 2010. http://www.acpo.police.uk/asp/policies/data/MoPI%202nd%20Ed% 20Published%20Version.pdf
    • (2010) Guidance on the Management of Police Information
  • 3
    • 41849093342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Online Social Networking as Participatory Surveillance
    • 3 March
    • Albrechtslund, Anders, “Online Social Networking as Participatory Surveillance”, First Monday, Vol. 13, No. 3, 3 March 2008. http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2142/1949
    • (2008) First Monday , vol.13 , Issue.3
    • Albrechtslund, A.1
  • 4
    • 84863731139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Better Regulation and Impact Assessment in the European Commission
    • Colin Kirkpatrick and David Parker (eds.), Edward Elgar, Cheltenham
    • Allio, Lorenzo, “Better Regulation and Impact Assessment in the European Commission”, in Colin Kirkpatrick and David Parker (eds.), Regulatory Impact Assessment: Towards Better Regulation?, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2007, pp. 72-105.
    • (2007) Regulatory Impact Assessment: Towards Better Regulation? , pp. 72-105
    • Allio, L.1
  • 7
    • 85027333731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York and Toronto, October
    • American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (AICPA/CICA), Privacy Maturity Model, AICPA/CICA, New York and Toronto, October 2010. www.cica.ca/service-and-products/privacy
    • (2010) Privacy Maturity Model, AICPA/CICA
  • 8
    • 85027359758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • You Can Get There from Here: IPC Tools and Approaches for Privacy Compliance in Ontario
    • 27 April
    • Anderson, Ken, “You Can Get There from Here: IPC Tools and Approaches for Privacy Compliance in Ontario”, speech by the Assistant Commissioner of the OIPC of Ontario, 27 April 2006. http://www.ipc.on.ca/images/Resources/up-2006_04_26_PIPA_Presentation.pdf
    • (2006) Speech by the Assistant Commissioner of the OIPC of Ontario
    • Anderson, K.1
  • 10
    • 85027352660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serious criminal offences, as defined in sect. 100a StPO, in Germany according to police crime statistics
    • 19 February
    • Arbeitskreis Vorratsdatenspeicherung [Working Group on Data Retention], “Serious criminal offences, as defined in sect. 100a StPO, in Germany according to police crime statistics”, [German] Federal Crime Agency (BKA), 19 February 2011. http://www.vorratsdatenspeicherung.de/images/data_retention_effectiveness_report_2011-01-26.pdf
    • (2011) [German] Federal Crime Agency (BKA)
  • 11
    • 85027374989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simon Davies (of Privacy International, and 80/20 Thinking) on Phorm
    • Technology Blog, 20 March
    • Arthur, Charles, “Simon Davies (of Privacy International, and 80/20 Thinking) on Phorm”, Technology Blog, The Guardian, 20 March 2008. http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/blog/2008/mar/20/simondaviesofprivacyinter
    • (2008) The Guardian
    • Arthur, C.1
  • 12
    • 85027297640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfers of personal data to third countries: Applying Articles 25 and 26 of the EU data protection directive
    • Brussels, Adopted 24 July
    • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, Transfers of personal data to third countries: Applying Articles 25 and 26 of the EU data protection directive, Working Document WP 12, Brussels, Adopted 24 July 1998. http://ec.europa.eu/justice/policies/privacy/workinggroup/wpdocs/1998_en.htm
    • (1998) Working Document WP 12
  • 13
    • 85027297370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working document on data protection issues related to RFID technologies
    • 19 January
    • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, Working document on data protection issues related to RFID technologies, WP 105, 19 January 2005. http://ec.europa.eu/justice/policies/privacy/workinggroup/wpdocs/2005_en.htm
    • (2005) WP 105
  • 14
    • 85027367997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of the Public Consultation on Article 29Working Party Document 105 on Data Protection Issues Related to RFID Technologies
    • 28 September
    • Article 29 Data ProtectionWorking Party, Results of the Public Consultation on Article 29Working Party Document 105 on Data Protection Issues Related to RFID Technologies, WP 111, Adopted on 28 September 2005. http://ec.europa.eu/justice/policies/privacy/workinggroup/wpdocs/2005_en.htm
    • (2005) WP 111, Adopted on
  • 15
    • 85027311172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Future of Privacy: Joint Contribution to the Consultation of the European Commission on the legal framework for the fundamental right to protection of personal data
    • 1 December
    • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, The Future of Privacy: Joint Contribution to the Consultation of the European Commission on the legal framework for the fundamental right to protection of personal data, Document WP 168, Adopted on 1 December 2009. http://ec. europa.eu/justice/policies/privacy/workinggroup/wpdocs/2009_en.htm
    • (2009) Document WP 168, Adopted on
  • 16
    • 85027329135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opinion 3/2010 on the principle of accountability
    • 13 July
    • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, Opinion 3/2010 on the principle of accountability, Adopted on 13 July 2010. http://ec.europa.eu/justice/policies/privacy/workinggroup/wpdocs/2010_en.htm
    • (2010) Adopted on
  • 17
    • 85027358014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Data Protection Authorities find current implementation of data retention directive unlawful
    • 14 July
    • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, “European Data Protection Authorities find current implementation of data retention directive unlawful”, Press release, Brussels, 14 July 2010. http://ec.europa.eu/justice:home/fsj/privacy/news/index_en.htm
    • (2010) Press release, Brussels
  • 18
    • 85027341002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opinion 9/2011 on the revised Industry Proposal for a Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment Framework for RFID Applications
    • 11 February
    • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, Opinion 9/2011 on the revised Industry Proposal for a Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment Framework for RFID Applications, Brussels, Adopted on 11 February 2011. http://ec.europa.eu/justice/policies/privacy/docs/wpdocs/2011/wp180_en.pdf
    • (2011) Brussels, Adopted on
  • 19
    • 85027306335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • House and Senate Committees Will Begin Rare August Hearings
    • 24 July
    • Assuras, Thalia, and Joie Chen, “House and Senate Committees Will Begin Rare August Hearings”, CBS News Transcripts, 24 July 2004.
    • (2004) CBS News Transcripts
    • Assuras, T.1    Chen, J.2
  • 20
    • 85027364906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment Guide and Layered Privacy Policy Launch
    • 26 August
    • Attorney-General [of Australia], “Privacy Impact Assessment Guide and Layered Privacy Policy Launch”, Press release, 26 August 2006.
    • (2006) Press release
  • 21
    • 85027307984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment -The AusCheck Amendment Bill 2009 and The National Security Background Check
    • 3 March
    • Attorney-General’s Department /Salinger Privacy, “Privacy Impact Assessment -The AusCheck Amendment Bill 2009 and The National Security Background Check”, Canberra, 3 March 2009. http://www.ag.gov.au/www/agd/rwpattach.nsf/VAP/(712B446AA84F124A6F0833A09BD304C8)~AusCheck+PIA+-+Final+report.pdf/$file/AusCheck+PIA+-+Final+report.pdf
    • (2009) Canberra
  • 22
    • 67049130730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For Your Information: Australian Privacy Law and Practice
    • August
    • Australian Law Reform Commission, “For Your Information: Australian Privacy Law and Practice”, ALRC Report 108, August 2008. http://www.alrc.gov.au/publications/report-108
    • (2008) ALRC Report 108
  • 23
    • 85027307586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • August, Resources. See also the website of the Office of the Australian Privacy Commissioner
    • Australian Privacy Foundation, “Resources -The Law”. August 2010. http://www.privacy.org.au/Resources. See also the website of the Office of the Australian Privacy Commissioner: http://www.privacy.gov.au/government
    • (2010) Resources -The Law
  • 26
    • 37049036277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • for the Information Commissioner by the Surveillance Studies Network (SSN), September
    • Ball, Kirstie, David Lyon, David Murakami Wood, Clive Norris and Charles Raab, A Report on the Surveillance Society, for the Information Commissioner by the Surveillance Studies Network (SSN), September 2006. http://ico.crl.uk.com/files/Surveillance%20society%20full% 20report%20final.pdf
    • (2006) A Report on the Surveillance Society
    • Ball, K.1    Lyon, D.2    Wood, D.M.3    Norris, C.4    Raab, C.5
  • 27
    • 33845734180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation as Delegation: Private Firms, Decisionmaking and Accountability in the Administrative State
    • November
    • Bamberger, Kenneth A., “Regulation as Delegation: Private Firms, Decisionmaking and Accountability in the Administrative State”, Duke Law Journal, Vol. 56, No. 2, November 2006, pp. 377-468.
    • (2006) Duke Law Journal , vol.56 , Issue.2 , pp. 377-468
    • Bamberger, K.A.1
  • 28
    • 42349085979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Decisionmaking in Administrative Agencies
    • Bamberger, Kenneth A., and Deirdre K. Mulligan, “Privacy Decisionmaking in Administrative Agencies”, University of Chicago Law Review, Vol. 75, No. 1, 2008, pp. 75-107.
    • (2008) University of Chicago Law Review , vol.75 , Issue.1 , pp. 75-107
    • Bamberger, K.A.1    Mulligan, D.K.2
  • 29
    • 80053047151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Governance, Chief Privacy Officers, and the Corporate Management of Information Privacy in the United States: An Initial Inquiry
    • October
    • Bamberger, Kenneth A., and Deirdre K. Mulligan, “New Governance, Chief Privacy Officers, and the Corporate Management of Information Privacy in the United States: An Initial Inquiry”, Law & Policy, Vol. 33, No. 4, October 2011, pp. 477-508.
    • (2011) Law & Policy , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 477-508
    • Bamberger, K.A.1    Mulligan, D.K.2
  • 30
    • 34250017239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Face is Exposed for AOL Searcher No. 4417749
    • 9 August
    • Barbaro, Michael, and Tom Zeller Jr, “A Face is Exposed for AOL Searcher No. 4417749", The New York Times, 9 August 2006. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res= 9E0CE3DD1F3FF93AA3575BC0A9609C8B63
    • (2006) The New York Times
    • Barbaro, M.1    Zeller, T.2
  • 31
    • 85027331545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rainer Oberweis and Birger Rosenberg
    • Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (B.f.S.i.d.), Bonn
    • Bartels, Cord, Harald Kelter, Rainer Oberweis and Birger Rosenberg, TR 03126 -Technische Richtlinie für den sicheren RFID-Einsatz, Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (B.f.S.i.d.), Bonn, 2009.
    • (2009) TR 03126 -Technische Richtlinie für den sicheren RFID-Einsatz
    • Bartels, C.1    Kelter, H.2
  • 32
    • 85027384922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appendix C, Jurisdictional Report for Canada
    • Report to the UK Information Commissioner, December
    • Bayley, Robin M., “Appendix C, Jurisdictional Report for Canada”, in Privacy Impact Assessments: An International Study of their Application and Effects, Report to the UK Information Commissioner, December 2007. http://www.rogerclarke.com/DV/ICOStudy-2007-Apps.pdf
    • (2007) Privacy Impact Assessments: An International Study of their Application and Effects
    • Bayley, R.M.1
  • 33
    • 85027341221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 18 March
    • BBC News, “Phorm Needs ‘Better Protection’", 18 March 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7303426.stm
    • (2008) Phorm Needs ‘Better Protection’
  • 34
    • 85027317563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 April
    • BBC News, “Sites Hit in Massive Web Attack”, 2 April 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/worldus-canada-12944626
    • (2011) Sites Hit in Massive Web Attack
  • 36
    • 85027295065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical Bio-Technology Assessment Tools for Agriculture and Food Production, Final Report of the Ethical Bio-TA Tools project
    • February
    • Beekman, Volkert, et al., Ethical Bio-Technology Assessment Tools for Agriculture and Food Production, Final Report of the Ethical Bio-TA Tools project, LEI, The Hague, February 2006. http://www.ethicaltools.info
    • (2006) LEI, The Hague
    • Beekman, V.1
  • 37
    • 85045164221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Le cas S. et Marper et les données personnelles: L’horloge de la stigmatisation stoppée par un arrêt européen
    • Bellanova, Rocco, and Paul De Hert, “Le cas S. et Marper et les données personnelles: l’horloge de la stigmatisation stoppée par un arrêt européen”, Cultures & Conflits, No. 76, 2010, pp. 15-27.
    • (2010) Cultures & Conflits , vol.76 , pp. 15-27
    • Bellanova, R.1    De Hert, P.2
  • 39
    • 4344581803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • People and Place: Patterns of Individual Identification within Intelligent Transportation Systems
    • David Lyon (ed.), Routledge, London
    • Bennett, Colin J., Charles D. Raab and Priscilla Regan, “People and Place: Patterns of Individual Identification within Intelligent Transportation Systems”, in David Lyon (ed.), Surveillance as Social Sorting: Privacy, Risk, and Digital Discrimination, Routledge, London, 2003.
    • (2003) Surveillance as Social Sorting: Privacy, Risk, and Digital Discrimination
    • Bennett, C.J.1    Raab, C.D.2    Regan, P.3
  • 40
    • 84864736152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In Defence of Privacy
    • Respondents, in the same issue, were Priscilla M. Regan (“A Response to Bennett’s ‘In Defence of Privacy’ ", pp. 497-499), John Gilliom (“A Response to Bennett’s ‘In Defence of Privacy’ ", pp. 500-504), danah boyd (“Dear Voyeur, Meet Flâneur… Sincerely, Social Media”, pp. 505-507) and Felix Stalder (“Autonomy beyond Privacy? A Rejoinder to Colin Bennett”, pp. 508-512). The debate can be downloaded as a single file
    • Bennett, Colin J., “In Defence of Privacy”, Surveillance & Society, Vol. 8, No. 4, 2011, pp. 485-496. Respondents, in the same issue, were Priscilla M. Regan (“A Response to Bennett’s ‘In Defence of Privacy’ ", pp. 497-499), John Gilliom (“A Response to Bennett’s ‘In Defence of Privacy’ ", pp. 500-504), danah boyd (“Dear Voyeur, Meet Flâneur… Sincerely, Social Media”, pp. 505-507) and Felix Stalder (“Autonomy beyond Privacy? A Rejoinder to Colin Bennett”, pp. 508-512). The debate can be downloaded as a single file: http://www.surveillance-and-society.org/ojs/index.php/journal/article/downloadSuppFile/privacy_defence/privacy_debate
    • (2011) Surveillance & Society , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 485-496
    • Bennett, C.J.1
  • 41
    • 85027309177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comments of the Center for Democracy and Technology on the Draft “Options for Promoting Privacy
    • 29 July
    • Berman, Jerry, and Deirdre K. Mulligan, Comments of the Center for Democracy and Technology on the Draft “Options for Promoting Privacy on the National Information Infrastructure”, 29 July 1997. http://old.cdt.org/privacy/ntia.html
    • (1997) On the National Information Infrastructure”
    • Berman, J.1    Mulligan, D.K.2
  • 43
    • 85027338835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innovation and Skills (BIS)
    • BRE, London, April
    • Better Regulation Executive (BRE) and Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS), Impact Assessment Guidance, BRE, London, April 2010. http://www.bis.gov.uk/assets/biscore/better-regulation/docs/10-898-impact-assessment-guidance.pdf
    • (2010) Impact Assessment Guidance
  • 44
    • 33749855773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRTF, London, March
    • Better Regulation Task Force, Less is More, BRTF, London, March 2005. http://www.bis.gov.uk/files/file22967.pdf
    • (2005) Less is More
  • 45
    • 31644449580 scopus 로고
    • Information About Individuals in the Hands of Government: Some Reflections on Mechanisms for Privacy Protection
    • BeVier, Lillian R., “Information About Individuals in the Hands of Government: Some Reflections on Mechanisms for Privacy Protection”, William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1995, pp. 455-506.
    • (1995) William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 455-506
    • Lillian, R.1
  • 46
    • 84888479423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Role of the Privacy Impact Assessment
    • 2nd Annual Forum, OPC of Canada, Ottawa, 10 March
    • Bloomfield, Stuart, “The Role of the Privacy Impact Assessment”, speech for Managing Government Information, 2nd Annual Forum, OPC of Canada, Ottawa, 10 March 2004. http://www.priv.gc.ca/speech/2004/sp-d_040310_e.cfm
    • (2004) Speech for Managing Government Information
    • Bloomfield, S.1
  • 48
    • 85027360862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bill Keller Responds to Column on Swift Mea Culpa
    • 6 November
    • Brisbane, Arthur S., “Bill Keller Responds to Column on Swift Mea Culpa”, The New York Times, 6 November 2006. http://publiceditor.blogs.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/bill-keller-responds-tocolumn-on-swift-mea-culpa/
    • (2006) The New York Times
    • Brisbane, A.S.1
  • 49
    • 85027363521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 10012: 2009 Data protection
    • London, May
    • British Standards Institution, 10012: 2009 Data protection. Specification for a personal information management system, London, May 2009. http://shop.bsigroup.com/en/ProductDetail/?pid= 000000000030175849
    • (2009) Specification for a personal information management system
  • 50
    • 33747649145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NEPA Compliance In Fisheries Management: The Programmatic Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement On Alaskan Groundfish Fisheries And Implications For NEPA Reform
    • Bryant, Beth C., “NEPA Compliance In Fisheries Management: The Programmatic Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement On Alaskan Groundfish Fisheries And Implications For NEPA Reform”, Harvard Environmental Law Review, Vol. 30, No. 2, 2006, pp. 441-479.
    • (2006) Harvard Environmental Law Review , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 441-479
    • Bryant, B.C.1
  • 53
    • 85027340825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Banking Data: A Mea Culpa
    • 22 October
    • Calame, Byron, “Banking Data: A Mea Culpa”, The New York Times, 22 October 2006. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/22/opinion/22pubed.html?pagewanted=2
    • (2006) The New York Times
    • Calame, B.1
  • 56
    • 78650774530 scopus 로고
    • being Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982 (U.K.), 1982
    • Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Part 1 of the Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982 (U.K.), 1982.
    • (1982) Part 1 of the Constitution Act
  • 57
    • 83055186748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontario Information & Privacy Commissioner (OIPC), Toronto
    • Cavoukian, Ann, Privacy by Design, Ontario Information & Privacy Commissioner (OIPC), Toronto, 2009. http://www.ipc.on.ca/images/Resources/privacybydesign.pdf
    • (2009) Privacy by Design
    • Cavoukian, A.1
  • 59
    • 85027339428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public Interest Groups and Academics Call on Bush Administration to Fill Privacy Position
    • DC, 16 April
    • Center for Democracy and Technology, “Public Interest Groups and Academics Call on Bush Administration to Fill Privacy Position”, Press release, Washington, DC, 16 April 2001. http://old.cdt.org/press/010416press.shtml
    • (2001) Press release, Washington
  • 61
    • 85027356033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comments of the Center for Democracy and Technology on US-VISIT Program
    • (December 18, 2003), 4 February
    • Center for Democracy and Technology, Comments of the Center for Democracy and Technology on US-VISIT Program, Increment 1, Privacy Impact Assessment (December 18, 2003), 4 February 2004. http://old.cdt.org/security/usvisit/20040204cdt.pdf
    • (2004) Increment 1, Privacy Impact Assessment
  • 63
    • 0033474713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing the European Union Data Protection Directive 1995 in UK Law: The Data Protection Act 1998
    • Charlesworth, Andrew, “Implementing the European Union Data Protection Directive 1995 in UK Law: The Data Protection Act 1998", Government Information Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 3, 1999, pp. 203-240.
    • (1999) Government Information Quarterly , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 203-240
    • Charlesworth, A.1
  • 64
    • 33644653547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Future of UK Data Protection Regulation
    • Charlesworth, Andrew, “The Future of UK Data Protection Regulation”, Information Security Technical Report, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2006, pp. 46-54.
    • (2006) Information Security Technical Report , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-54
    • Charlesworth, A.1
  • 65
    • 85027332679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation of an Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights, on the Right to a Healthy Environment
    • Council of Europe, Doc. 1204329, September
    • Chope, Charles, “Preparation of an Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights, on the Right to a Healthy Environment”, Rapporteur, Opinion presented to the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights, Council of Europe, Doc. 1204329, September 2009. http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc09/EDOC12043.pdf
    • (2009) Rapporteur, Opinion presented to the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights
    • Chope, C.1
  • 68
    • 0024011426 scopus 로고
    • Information Technology and Dataveillance
    • May
    • Clarke, Roger, “Information Technology and Dataveillance”, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 31, No. 5, May 1988, pp. 498-512.
    • (1988) Communications of the ACM , vol.31 , Issue.5 , pp. 498-512
    • Clarke, R.1
  • 69
    • 85027378062 scopus 로고
    • Matches Played Under Rafferty’s Rules: The Parallel Data Matching Program Is Not Only Privacy-Invasive But Economically Unjustifiable As Well
    • Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd, November, Versions published in, February 1994, and in Policy, Autumn 1994
    • Clarke, Roger, “Matches Played Under Rafferty’s Rules: The Parallel Data Matching Program Is Not Only Privacy-Invasive But Economically Unjustifiable As Well”, Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd, November 1993. http://www.rogerclarke.com/DV/PaperMatchPDMP.html. Versions published in Privacy Law & Policy Reporter, Vol. 1, No. 1, February 1994, and in Policy, Autumn 1994.
    • (1993) Privacy Law & Policy Reporter , vol.1 , Issue.1
    • Clarke, R.1
  • 70
    • 85027332528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessments
    • February
    • Clarke, Roger, “Privacy Impact Assessments”, Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd, February 1998a. http://www.rogerclarke.com/DV/PIA.html
    • (1998) Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd
    • Clarke, R.1
  • 71
    • 85027332528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment Guidelines
    • February
    • Clarke, Roger, “Privacy Impact Assessment Guidelines”, Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd, February 1998b. http://www.xamax.com.au/DV/PIA.html
    • (1998) Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd
    • Clarke, R.1
  • 72
    • 22144454028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Fundamental Inadequacies of Conventional Public Key Infrastructure
    • Association for Information Systems, Bled, Slovenia, 27-29 June
    • Clarke, Roger, “The Fundamental Inadequacies of Conventional Public Key Infrastructure”, Proceedings of the Ninth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2001), Association for Information Systems, Bled, Slovenia, 27-29 June 2001. http://www.rogerclarke.com/II/ECIS2001.html
    • (2001) Proceedings of the Ninth European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2001)
    • Clarke, R.1
  • 74
    • 84889595787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment in Australian Contexts
    • June
    • Clarke, Roger, “Privacy Impact Assessment in Australian Contexts”, Murdoch eLaw Journal, Vol. 15, No. 1, June 2008. http://www.rogerclarke.com/DV/PIAAust.html
    • (2008) Murdoch eLaw Journal , vol.15 , Issue.1
    • Clarke, R.1
  • 75
    • 63849328022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment: Its Origins and Development
    • April, PrePrint at
    • Clarke, Roger, “Privacy Impact Assessment: Its Origins and Development”, Computer Law & Security Review, Vol. 25, No. 2, April 2009, pp. 123-135. PrePrint at http://www.rogerclarke. com/DV/PIAHist-08.html
    • (2009) Computer Law & Security Review , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-135
    • Clarke, R.1
  • 76
    • 84864061144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Evaluation of Privacy Impact Assessment Guidance Documents
    • May
    • Clarke, Roger, “An Evaluation of Privacy Impact Assessment Guidance Documents”, International Data Privacy Law, Vol. 1, No. 2, May 2011, pp. 111-120. http://idpl.oxfordjournals.org/content/1/2.toc
    • (2011) International Data Privacy Law , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 111-120
    • Clarke, R.1
  • 83
    • 72049116025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How Ethics Can Enhance Organizational Privacy: Lessons from the Choicepoint and TJX Data Breaches
    • December
    • Culnan, Mary J., and Cynthia Clark Williams, “How Ethics Can Enhance Organizational Privacy: Lessons from the Choicepoint and TJX Data Breaches”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 33 No. 4, December 2009, pp. 673-687.
    • (2009) MIS Quarterly , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 673-687
    • Culnan, M.J.1    Williams, C.C.2
  • 84
    • 71749121484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Necessary improvements to the Australian Privacy Principles
    • Cyberspace Law and Policy Centre of the University of New South Wales, “Necessary improvements to the Australian Privacy Principles”, August 2010. https://senate.aph.gov.au/submissions/comittees/viewdocument.aspx?id=9b3bffed-935d-4ea7-8a8a-123433c9eaec Cyberspace Law and Policy Centre of the University of New South Wales, “Communications Privacy Complaints: In Search of the Right Path”, A consumer research report supported by the Australian Communications Consumer Action Network (ACCAN), Sydney, September 2010. http://www.cyberlawcentre.org/privacy/ACCAN_Complaints_Report/report.pdf Dalton, C., D. Plaquin, W. Weidner, D. Kuhlmann, B. Balacheff and R. Brown, “Trusted Virtual Platforms: A Key Enabler for Converged Client Devices”, Operating Systems Review, Vol. 43, No. 1, 2009, pp. 36-43.
    • (2009) Operating Systems Review , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 36-43
  • 85
    • 85027358749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reject E-health Identifier Bill, Says Law Professor
    • 16 March
    • Dearne, Karen, “Reject E-health Identifier Bill, Says Law Professor”, The Australian, 16 March 2010.
    • (2010) The Australian
    • Dearne, K.1
  • 86
    • 79959513852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nouveaux éclairages de la notion de ‘donnée personnelle’ et application audacieuse du critère de proportionnalité. Cour européenne des droits de l’homme Grande Chambre S et Marper c. Royaume Uni, 4 décembre 2008
    • De Beer De Laer, Daniel, Paul De Hert, Gloria González Fuster and Serge Gutwirth, “Nouveaux éclairages de la notion de ‘donnée personnelle’ et application audacieuse du critère de proportionnalité. Cour européenne des droits de l’homme Grande Chambre S et Marper c. Royaume Uni, 4 décembre 2008", Revue Trimestrielle des Droits de l’Homme, 2009, No. 81, pp. 141-161.
    • (2009) Revue Trimestrielle des Droits de l’Homme , Issue.81 , pp. 141-161
    • De Laer, D.B.D.1    De Hert, P.2    Fuster, G.G.3    Gutwirth, S.4
  • 87
    • 33748194891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Balancing Security and Liberty Within the European Human Rights Framework: A Critical Reading of the Court’s Case Law in the Light of Surveillance and Criminal Law Enforcement Strategies After 9/11
    • De Hert, Paul, “Balancing Security and Liberty Within the European Human Rights Framework: A Critical Reading of the Court’s Case Law in the Light of Surveillance and Criminal Law Enforcement Strategies After 9/11", Utrecht Law Review, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2005, pp. 68-96. http://www.utrechtlawreview.org/index.php/ulr/issue/view/1
    • (2005) Utrecht Law Review , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 68-96
    • De Hert, P.1
  • 88
    • 85027316349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La Conservation pour une durée indéterminée d’empreintes digitales, d’échantillons cellulaires et profils A.N.D. de personnes acquittées porte atteinte au respect de leur vie privée
    • De Hert, Paul, and K.Weis, “La Conservation pour une durée indéterminée d’empreintes digitales, d’échantillons cellulaires et profils A.N.D. de personnes acquittées porte atteinte au respect de leur vie privée”, Comment on Marper, Vigiles. Revue du droit de police, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2009, pp. 79-83.
    • (2009) Vigiles. Revue du droit de police , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 79-83
    • De Hert, P.1    Weis, K.2
  • 89
    • 34147170728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy, Data Protection and Law Enforcement: Opacity of the Individual and Transparency of Power
    • Intersentia, Antwerp
    • De Hert, Paul, and Serge Gutwirth, “Privacy, Data Protection and Law Enforcement: Opacity of the Individual and Transparency of Power” in Erik Claes, Anthony Duff and Serge Gutwirth (eds.), Privacy and the Criminal Law, Intersentia, Antwerp, 2006, pp. 61-104.
    • (2006) Privacy and the Criminal Law , pp. 61-104
    • De Hert, P.1    Gutwirth, S.2
  • 91
    • 85027302352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy in the Hands of the Government: The Privacy Officer for the Department of Homeland Security
    • Executive Director, Center for Democracy and Technology,2d Session
    • Dempsey, James X., Executive Director, Center for Democracy and Technology, “Privacy in the Hands of the Government: The Privacy Officer for the Department of Homeland Security”, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Commercial and Administrative Law of the House Committee on the Judiciary, 108th Congress, 2d Session, 2004. http://old.cdt.org/testimony/20040210dempsey.shtml
    • (2004) Testimony before the Subcommittee on Commercial and Administrative Law of the House Committee on the Judiciary, 108th Congress
    • Dempsey, J.X.1
  • 94
    • 85027329065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • consultation, March
    • Department of Communities and Local Government, Making Better Use of Energy Performance Data: Impact Assessment, consultation, March 2010. http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/planningandbuilding/pdf/1491281.pdf
    • (2010) Making Better Use of Energy Performance Data: Impact Assessment
  • 95
    • 85027317850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canberra, February
    • Department of Defence (DoD), “Defence Privacy Impact Checklist”, Canberra, February 2008. http://www.defence.gov.au/fr/Privacy/defence-piachecklist-Feb08.doc
    • (2008) Defence Privacy Impact Checklist
  • 99
    • 30644465564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public Agencies as Lobbyists
    • December
    • DeShazo, J.R., and Jody Freeman, “Public Agencies as Lobbyists”, Columbia Law Review, Vol. 105, No. 8, December 2005. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=876815
    • (2005) Columbia Law Review , vol.105 , Issue.8
    • Deshazo, J.R.1    Freeman, J.2
  • 100
    • 79956075823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proportionality Overrides Unlimited Surveillance: The German Constitutional Court Judgment on Data Retention
    • Brussels, CEPS
    • de Vries, Katya, Rocco Bellanova and Paul De Hert, “Proportionality Overrides Unlimited Surveillance: The German Constitutional Court Judgment on Data Retention”, in CEPS Liberty and Security in Europe publication series, Brussels, CEPS, 2010a. http://www.ceps.eu/book/proportionality-overrides-unlimited-surveillance
    • (2010) CEPS Liberty and Security in Europe publication series
    • De Vries, K.1    Bellanova, R.2    De Hert, P.3
  • 101
    • 84555180313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The German Constitutional Court Judgment on Data Retention: Proportionality Overrides Unlimited Surveillance (Doesn’t it?)
    • Springer, Dordrecht
    • de Vries, Katya, Rocco Bellanova, Paul De Hert and Serge Gutwirth, “The German Constitutional Court Judgment on Data Retention: Proportionality Overrides Unlimited Surveillance (Doesn’t it?)", in Serge Gutwirth, Yves Poullet, Paul De Hert and Ronald Leenes (eds.), Privacy and Data Protection: An Element of Choice, Springer, Dordrecht, 2011.
    • (2011) Privacy and Data Protection: An Element of Choice
    • De Vries, K.1    Bellanova, R.2    De Hert, P.3    Gutwirth, S.4
  • 102
    • 72449185653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment in the Design of Transnational Public Health Information Systems: The BIRO Project
    • Di Iorio, C.T., F. Carinci, J. Azzopardi et al., “Privacy Impact Assessment in the Design of Transnational Public Health Information Systems: The BIRO Project”, Journal of Medical Ethics, Vol. 35, 2009, pp. 753-761. http://jme.bmj.com/content/35/12/753.abstract
    • (2009) Journal of Medical Ethics , vol.35 , pp. 753-761
    • Di Iorio, C.T.1    Carinci, F.2    Azzopardi, J.3
  • 103
    • 78650534527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communications Law Centre Wants IPPs Revised in Line with Australian Privacy Charter
    • January
    • Dixon, Tim, “Communications Law Centre Wants IPPs Revised in Line with Australian Privacy Charter”, Privacy Law and Policy Reporter, Vol. 3, No. 9, January 1997. http://www.austlii. edu.au/au/journals/PLPR/1997/4.html
    • (1997) Privacy Law and Policy Reporter , vol.3 , Issue.9
    • Dixon, T.1
  • 104
    • 84880800387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It Is Absurd to Calculate Human Rights According to a Cost-Benefit Analysis
    • 24 May
    • Dworkin, Ronald, “It Is Absurd to Calculate Human Rights According to a Cost-Benefit Analysis”, The Guardian, 24 May 2006. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2006/may/24/comment.politics
    • (2006) The Guardian
    • Dworkin, R.1
  • 107
    • 84857123192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC, [undated]
    • Electronic Privacy Information Center, Public Opinion on Privacy, Washington, DC, [undated]. http://www.epic.org/privacy/survey/
    • Public Opinion on Privacy
  • 110
    • 1542361191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Governance: A White Paper
    • 428 final, Brussels, 2001
    • European Commission, European Governance: A White Paper, COM (2001) 428 final, Brussels, 2001.
    • (2001) COM
  • 111
    • 0003770033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication: A Sustainable Europe for a Better World: A European Strategy for Sustainable Development
    • 264, Brussels, 15 May 2001
    • European Commission, Communication: A Sustainable Europe for a Better World: A European Strategy for Sustainable Development, COM (2001) 264, Brussels, 15 May 2001.
    • (2001) COM
    • Commission, E.1
  • 112
    • 85027338876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication on European Governance: Better Law-making
    • 275 final, 5 June 2002
    • European Commission, Communication on European Governance: Better Law-making, COM(2002) 275 final, 5 June 2002.
    • (2002) COM
  • 113
    • 0242460728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication from the Commission on Impact Assessment, Brussels
    • 276 final, Brussels, 5 June 2002
    • European Commission, Communication from the Commission on Impact Assessment, Brussels, COM(2002) 276 final, Brussels, 5 June 2002.
    • (2002) COM
    • Commission, E.1
  • 114
    • 85027303725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Better Regulation for Growth and Jobs in the European Union
    • 97 final, 16 March 2005
    • European Commission, Better Regulation for Growth and Jobs in the European Union, COM(2005) 97 final, 16 March 2005.
    • (2005) COM
    • Commission, E.1
  • 115
    • 79954436451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact Assessment Guidelines
    • 791, Brussels, June 2005
    • European Commission, Impact Assessment Guidelines, SEC(2005) 791, Brussels, June 2005.
    • (2005) SEC
    • Commission, E.1
  • 116
    • 85027358450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proposal for a Council Framework Decision on the exchange of information under the principle of availability
    • 490 final, Brussels, 12 October 2005
    • European Commission, Proposal for a Council Framework Decision on the exchange of information under the principle of availability, COM(2005) 490 final, Brussels, 12 October 2005.
    • (2005) COM
    • Commission, E.1
  • 117
    • 85027345792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in Europe: Steps towards a policy framework, Communication to the European Parliament
    • COM, 96 final, Brussels, 15 March 2007
    • European Commission, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in Europe: steps towards a policy framework, Communication to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM(2007) 96 final, Brussels, 15 March 2007.
    • (2007) The Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions
    • Commission, E.1
  • 118
    • 85027370461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The European Research Area: New Perspectives
    • 161 final, Brussels, 4 April 2007
    • European Commission, The European Research Area: New Perspectives, Green Paper, COM(2007) 161 final, Brussels, 4 April 2007.
    • (2007) Green Paper, COM
  • 119
    • 85027327143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ageing well in the Information Society
    • Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM, 332 final, Brussels, 14 June 2007
    • European Commission, Ageing well in the Information Society, Action Plan on Information and Communication Technologies and Ageing, An i2010 Initiative, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM(2007) 332 final, Brussels, 14 June 2007.
    • (2007) Action Plan on Information and Communication Technologies and Ageing, An i2010 Initiative
  • 121
    • 85027315500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SEC, Brussels, 15 January 2009
    • European Commission, Impact Assessment Guidelines, SEC(2009) 92, Brussels, 15 January 2009. http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/files/docs/sba/iag_2009_en.pdf
    • (2009) Impact Assessment Guidelines , vol.92
  • 122
    • 85027323809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commission earmarks C1bn for investment in broadband -Frequently Asked Questions
    • 28 January
    • European Commission, “Commission earmarks C1bn for investment in broadband -Frequently Asked Questions”, Press release, MEMO/09/35, Brussels, 28 January 2009. http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/09/35
    • (2009) Press release, MEMO/09/35, Brussels
  • 123
    • 85027377665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive approach on personal data protection in the European Union
    • the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM, 609 final, Brussels, 4 November 2010
    • European Commission, A comprehensive approach on personal data protection in the European Union, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM(2010) 609 final, Brussels, 4 November 2010. http://ec.europa.eu/justice/news/intro/news_intro_en.htm# 20101104
    • (2010) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council
  • 124
    • 85027322066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-Inclusion
    • Resolution of 8 October 2001,18 October
    • European Council, Resolution of 8 October 2001 on “e-Inclusion” -exploiting the opportunities of the information society for social inclusion, 2001/C 292/02, Official Journal of the European Communities, 18 October 2001. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ: C: 2001: 292: SOM: en:HTML
    • (2001) Official Journal of the European Communities
  • 126
    • 85027356631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opinion on the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on ‘Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in Europe: Steps towards a policy framework’, COM(2007) 96, C 101/1
    • 23 April
    • European Data Protection Supervisor, Opinion on the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on ‘Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in Europe: steps towards a policy framework’, COM(2007) 96, C 101/1, Official Journal of the European Union, 23 April 2008. http://www.edps.europa.eu/EDPSWEB/webdav/site/mySite/shared/Documents/Consultation/Opinions/2007/07-12-20_RFID_EN.pdf
    • (2008) Official Journal of the European Union
  • 128
    • 85027321428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opinion
    • Adopted on 16 March
    • European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies (EGE), Opinion No. 20 on Ethical Aspects of ICT Implants in the Human Body, Adopted on 16 March 2005.
    • (2005) On Ethical Aspects of ICT Implants in the Human Body , Issue.20
  • 129
    • 85027336062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging and Future Risks Framework -Introductory Manual
    • European Network and Information Security Agency (ENISA), Emerging and Future Risks Framework -Introductory Manual, Heraklion, 2010.
    • (2010) Heraklion
  • 130
    • 85027328418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flying 2.0 -Enabling automated air travel by identifying and addressing the challenges of IoT & RFID technology
    • European Network and Information Security Agency (ENISA), Flying 2.0 -Enabling automated air travel by identifying and addressing the challenges of IoT & RFID technology, Heraklion, 2010.
    • (2010) Heraklion
  • 131
    • 85027349167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENISA Opinion on the Industry Proposal for a Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment Framework for RFID Applications
    • of March 31, 2010, July
    • European Network and Information Security Agency, ENISA Opinion on the Industry Proposal for a Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment Framework for RFID Applications [of March 31, 2010], Heraklion, July 2010. http://www.enisa.europa.eu/media/news-items/enisaopinion-on-pia
    • (2010) Heraklion
  • 132
    • 85027310149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolution of 23 October 2008 on the impact of aviation security measures and body scanners on human rights
    • European Parliament, Resolution of 23 October 2008 on the impact of aviation security measures and body scanners on human rights, privacy, personal dignity and data protection, Strasbourg. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+ P6-TA-2008-0521+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN
    • Privacy, personal dignity and data protection, Strasbourg
  • 134
    • 85027297680 scopus 로고
    • Directive 95/46/EC of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data [Data Protection Directive]
    • 23/11
    • European Parliament and the Council, Directive 95/46/EC of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data [Data Protection Directive], Official Journal, L 281, 23/11/1995, pp. 0031-0050.
    • (1995) Official Journal , vol.281
  • 136
    • 85057152903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directive 2002/22/EC of 7 March 2002 on universal service and users’ rights relating to electronic communications networks and services (Universal Service Directive)
    • 24 April
    • European Parliament and the Council, Directive 2002/22/EC of 7 March 2002 on universal service and users’ rights relating to electronic communications networks and services (Universal Service Directive), Official Journal, L 108 of 24 April 2002.
    • (2002) Official Journal , vol.108
  • 139
    • 85027385686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation (EC)
    • 300/2008 of 11 March, on common rules in the field of civil aviation security, 9 April 2008
    • European Parliament and the Council, Regulation (EC) No 300/2008 of 11 March 2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation security, Official Journal, L 97, 9 April 2008, pp. 72-84.
    • (2008) Official Journal , vol.97 , pp. 72-84
  • 140
    • 85027326509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directive 2009/136/EC of 25 November 2009 amending Directive 2002/22/EC on universal service and users’ rights relating to electronic communications networks and services;
    • No 2006/2004 on cooperation between national authorities responsible for the enforcement of consumer protection laws
    • European Parliament and the Council, Directive 2009/136/EC of 25 November 2009 amending Directive 2002/22/EC on universal service and users’ rights relating to electronic communications networks and services; Directive 2002/58/EC concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector and Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004 on cooperation between national authorities responsible for the enforcement of consumer protection laws.
    • (2009) Directive 2002/58/EC concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector and Regulation (EC)
  • 141
    • 84879695384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 24 November
    • European Parliament and the Council, Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions, 24 November 2010. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ: L: 2010: 334: 0017: 0119: EN: PDF
    • (2010) Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions
  • 142
    • 33845472492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the Human Rights Performance of Legislatures
    • Evans, Carolyn, and Simon Evans, “Evaluating the Human Rights Performance of Legislatures”, Human Rights Law Review, Vol. 6, No. 3, 2006, pp. 545-569.
    • (2006) Human Rights Law Review , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 545-569
    • Evans, C.1    Evans, S.2
  • 143
    • 84864324869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London, April
    • Financial Services Authority, Data Security in Financial Services, London, April 2008. http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/data_security.pdf
    • (2008) Data Security in Financial Services
  • 145
    • 72449136615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessments: An Essential Tool for Data Protection
    • November
    • Flaherty, David H., “Privacy Impact Assessments: An Essential Tool for Data Protection”, Presentation at the 22nd Annual Meeting of Privacy and Data Protection Officials, Venice, 27-30 September 2000. http://aspe.hhs.gov/datacncl/flaherty.htm Flaherty, David, “Privacy Impact Assessments: An Essential Tool for Data Protection”, Privacy Law and Policy Reporter, Vol. 7, No. 5, November 2000. http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/PLPR/2000/
    • (2000) Privacy Law and Policy Reporter , vol.7 , Issue.5
    • Flaherty, D.H.1
  • 146
    • 85027297763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Criteria for Evaluating the Adequacy of Privacy Impact Assessments in Canada
    • WorkshopWorkbook, Montreal, September
    • Flaherty, David, “Criteria for Evaluating the Adequacy of Privacy Impact Assessments in Canada”, 29th International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners, Privacy Impact Assessment Issues and Approaches for Regulators, WorkshopWorkbook, Montreal, September 2007. http://www.privacyconference2007.gc.ca/workbooks/Terra_Incognita_workbook12_bil. pdf
    • (2007) Privacy Impact Assessment Issues and Approaches for Regulators
    • Flaherty, D.1
  • 147
    • 84928413409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embodying Values in Technology: Theory and Practice
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Flanagan, Mary, Daniel C. Howe and Helen Nissenbaum, “Embodying Values in Technology: Theory and Practice”, in Jeroen van den Hoven and John Weckert (eds.), Information Technology and Moral Philosophy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008, pp. 322-353.
    • (2008) Information Technology and Moral Philosophy , pp. 322-353
    • Flanagan, M.1    Howe, D.C.2    Nissenbaum, H.3
  • 151
    • 0042658166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Better Way to Approach Privacy Policy in the United States: Establish a Non-Regulatory Privacy Protection Board
    • April
    • Gellman, Robert, “A Better Way to Approach Privacy Policy in the United States: Establish a Non-Regulatory Privacy Protection Board”, Hastings Law Journal, Vol. 54, April 2003, pp. 1183-1226.
    • (2003) Hastings Law Journal , vol.54 , pp. 1183-1226
    • Gellman, R.1
  • 152
    • 85027378491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 27 January
    • German Working Group on Data Retention (AK Vorrat), “Study finds telecommunications data retention ineffective”, 27 January 2011. http://www.vorratsdatenspeicherung.de/content/view/426/79/lang, en/
    • (2011) Study finds telecommunications data retention ineffective
  • 154
    • 33644672558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate, February
    • Gill, Martin, and Angela Spriggs, Assessing the Impact of CCTV, Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate, February 2005.
    • (2005) Assessing the Impact of CCTV
    • Gill, M.1    Spriggs, A.2
  • 157
    • 77955610290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TJCE -Sentencia de 04.12.2008, S. y Marper c. Reino Unido
    • González Fuster, Gloria, “TJCE -Sentencia de 04.12.2008, S. y Marper c. Reino Unido”, Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo, Vol. 33, 2009, pp. 619-633.
    • (2009) Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo , vol.33 , pp. 619-633
    • González Fuster, G.1
  • 158
    • 84917469214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profiling in the European Union: A High-Risk Practice
    • González Fuster, Gloria, Serge Gutwirth and Erika Ellyne, “Profiling in the European Union: A High-Risk Practice”, INEX Policy Brief, No. 10, 2010.
    • (2010) INEX Policy Brief , Issue.10
    • González Fuster, G.1    Gutwirth, S.2    Ellyne, E.3
  • 159
    • 84892355809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huber, Marper and Others: Throwing New Light on the Shadows of Suspicion
    • June
    • González Fuster, Gloria, Paul De Hert, E. Ellyne and Serge Gutwirth, “Huber, Marper and Others: Throwing New Light on the Shadows of Suspicion”, INEX Policy Brief, No. 11, June 2010. http://www.ceps.eu/book/huber-marper-and-others-throwing-new-light-shadows-suspicion
    • (2010) INEX Policy Brief , Issue.11
    • González Fuster, G.1    De Hert, P.2    Ellyne, E.3    Gutwirth, S.4
  • 160
    • 84876976716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance and the Political Value of Privacy
    • August
    • Goold, Benjamin J., “Surveillance and the Political Value of Privacy”, Amsterdam Law Forum, Vol. 1, No. 4, August 2009.
    • (2009) Amsterdam Law Forum , vol.1 , Issue.4
    • Goold, B.J.1
  • 161
    • 85027298113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Your OfficeMay Have Been Bugged by BAE, Investigators ToldMP
    • 3 October
    • Goslett, Miles, “Your OfficeMay Have Been Bugged by BAE, Investigators ToldMP”, Daily Mail, 3 October 2009. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1217919/Your-office-bugged-BAEinvestigators-told-MP.htMl
    • (2009) Daily Mail
    • Goslett, M.1
  • 167
    • 80054774582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hong Kong’s ‘smart’ ID Card: Designed To Be Out of control
    • Routledge, London, Chapter available separately at
    • Greenleaf, Graham, uot;Hong Kong’s ‘smart’ ID Card: Designed To Be Out of control”, Chapter 5 in Colin J. Bennett and David Lyon (eds.), Playing the Identity Card: Surveillance, Security and Identification in Global Perspective, Routledge, London, 2008. Chapter available separately at http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/ALRS/2008/10.html
    • (2008) Playing the Identity Card: Surveillance, Security and Identification in Global Perspective
    • Greenleaf, G.1
  • 168
    • 85027345588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European passive RFID Market Sizing 2007-2022
    • February
    • GS1 and Logica CMG, European passive RFID Market Sizing 2007-2022, Report of the BRIDGE Project, February 2007. http://www.bridge-project.eu/data/File/BRIDGE% 20WP13%20European%20passive%20RFID%20Market%20Sizing%202007-2022.pdf
    • (2005) Report of the BRIDGE Project
  • 169
    • 25444432074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RFID and the Perception of Control: The Consumer’s View
    • Guenther, Oliver, and Sarah Spiekermann, “RFID and the Perception of Control: The Consumer’s View”, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 48, No. 9, 2005, pp. 73-76.
    • (2005) Communications of the ACM , vol.48 , Issue.9 , pp. 73-76
    • Guenther, O.1    Spiekermann, S.2
  • 170
    • 84892353494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global Data Transfers: The Human Rights Implications
    • May
    • Guild, Elspeth, “Global Data Transfers: The Human Rights Implications”, INEX Policy Brief, No. 9, May 2009. http://www.ceps.eu/ceps/download/3400
    • (2009) INEX Policy Brief , Issue.9
    • Guild, E.1
  • 172
    • 22044456954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive Repairs: How Organizational Practices Can Compensate for Individual Shortcomings
    • Heath, Chip, Richard P. Larrick and Joshua Klayman, “Cognitive Repairs: How Organizational Practices Can Compensate for Individual Shortcomings”, Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 20, No. 1, 1998, pp. 1-37.
    • (1998) Research in Organizational Behavior , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-37
    • Heath, C.1    Larrick, R.P.2    Klayman, J.3
  • 173
    • 84937295463 scopus 로고
    • Explaining Variation in the Impact of Law: Organizations, Institutions, and Professions
    • Emerald Publishing, Bingley, UK
    • Heimer, Carol A., “Explaining Variation in the Impact of Law: Organizations, Institutions, and Professions”, in Austin Sarat and Susan S. Silbey (eds.), Studies In Law, Politics, and Society, Vol. 15, Emerald Publishing, Bingley, UK, 1995, pp. 29-59.
    • (1995) Studies In Law, Politics, and Society , vol.15 , pp. 29-59
    • Heimer, C.A.1
  • 175
    • 85027357911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Code of Practice on Consultation, Better Regulation Executive
    • London, July
    • HM Government, Code of Practice on Consultation, Better Regulation Executive, Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (BERR), London, July 2008. http://www.berr.gov. uk/files/file47158.pdf
    • (2008) Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (BERR)
  • 178
    • 30044444303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On Value-Judgements and Ethics in Health Technology Assessment
    • December
    • Hofmann, B., “On Value-Judgements and Ethics in Health Technology Assessment”, Poiesis & Praxis, Vol. 3, No. 4, December 2005.
    • (2005) Poiesis & Praxis , vol.3 , Issue.4
    • Hofmann, B.1
  • 179
    • 84900280038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment -Obligation or Opportunity: The Choice is Ours!
    • 16 May
    • Hope-Tindall, Peter, “Privacy Impact Assessment -Obligation or Opportunity: The Choice is Ours!", Prepared for CSE ITS Conference, Ottawa, Ontario, 16 May 2002. http://www.home. inter.net/gt/grabbag/Tindall_PIA_Material.pdf
    • (2002) Prepared for CSE ITS Conference, Ottawa, Ontario
    • Hope-Tindall, P.1
  • 180
    • 70350380881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London, January
    • House of Lords, Constitution Committee -Second Report, Surveillance: Citizens and the State, London, January 2009. http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200809/ldselect/ldconst/18/1808.htm#a56
    • (2009) Surveillance: Citizens and the State
  • 181
    • 84861557336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Auditing Regulatory Impact Assessment: UK Experience
    • Edward Elgar, Cheltenham
    • Humpherson, Ed, “Auditing Regulatory Impact Assessment: UK Experience”, in Colin Kirkpatrick and David Parker (eds.), Regulatory Impact Assessment: Towards Better Regulation?, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2007, pp. 132-144.
    • (2007) Regulatory Impact Assessment: Towards Better Regulation? , pp. 132-144
    • Humpherson1
  • 182
    • 2642537548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • June
    • Information and Privacy Office, Management Board Secretariat, Ontario, Privacy Impact Assessment: A User’s Guide, June 2001. http://www.accessandprivacy.gov.on.ca/english/pia/index.html
    • (2001) Privacy Impact Assessment: A User’s Guide
  • 183
    • 85027304621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appendix E: Jurisdictional Report for Australia
    • Wilmslow, UK, December
    • Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO), “Appendix E: Jurisdictional Report for Australia” in Privacy Impact Assessments: International Study of their Application and Effects, Wilmslow, UK, December 2007. http://www.ico.gov.uk/upload/documents/library/corporate/research_and_reports/lbrouni_piastudy_appe_aus_2910071.pdf
    • (2007) Privacy Impact Assessments: International Study of their Application and Effects
  • 184
    • 78650579177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appendix I, Wilmslow, UK, December
    • Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO), Privacy Impact Assessments: International Study of their Application and Effects, Appendix I, Wilmslow, UK, December 2007. http://www.ico.gov. uk/upload/documents/library/corporate/research_and_reports/privacy_impact_assessment_ international_study.011007.pdf
    • (2007) Privacy Impact Assessments: International Study of their Application and Effects
  • 185
    • 78549232777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilmslow, Cheshire, UK, December, Version 2.0, June 2009
    • Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO), Privacy Impact Assessment Handbook, Wilmslow, Cheshire, UK, December 2007. Version 2.0, June 2009. http://www.ico.gov.uk/for_ organisations/topic_specific_guides/pia_handbook.aspx; http://www.ico.gov.uk/upload/documents/pia_handbook_html_v2/index.html
    • (2007) Privacy Impact Assessment Handbook
  • 186
    • 85027322512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wilmslow
    • Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO), Information Commissioner’s Annual Report 2009/10, Wilmslow, 2010. http://www.ico.gov.uk/upload/documents/library/corporate/detailed_ specialist_guides/annual_report_2010.pdf
    • (2010) Information Commissioner’s Annual Report 2009/10
  • 188
    • 84855921972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IT Governance Institute, Rolling Meadows, IL
    • Information Systems Audit and Control Association, COBIT 4.1, IT Governance Institute, Rolling Meadows, IL, 2008.
    • (2008) COBIT 4.1
  • 189
    • 85027347799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IRS Privacy Impact Assessment
    • Washington, DC, 17 December
    • Internal Revenue Service, IRS Privacy Impact Assessment, Version 1.3, Washington, DC, 17 December 1996. http://www.cio.gov/documents/pia_for_it_irs_model.pdf
    • (1996) Version 1.3
  • 190
    • 85027349236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Montreux Declaration -The Protection of Personal Data and Privacy in a Globalised World: A Universal Right Respecting Diversities
    • Switzerland, 16 September
    • International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners, “The Montreux Declaration -The Protection of Personal Data and Privacy in a Globalised World: A Universal Right Respecting Diversities”, adopted by the 27th Conference in Montreux, Switzerland, 16 September 2005.
    • (2005) Adopted by the 27th Conference in Montreux
  • 191
    • 85027303892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Workshop Workbook, 29th Conference, Montreal, September
    • International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners, Privacy Impact Assessment Issues and Approaches for Regulators, Workshop Workbook, 29th Conference, Montreal, September 2007. http://www.privacyconference2007.gc.ca/workbooks/Terra_ Incognita_workbook12_bil.pdf
    • (2007) Privacy Impact Assessment Issues and Approaches for Regulators
  • 192
    • 85027333451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolution on the Urgent Need for Protecting Privacy in a Borderless World, and for Reaching a Joint Proposal for Setting International Standards on Privacy and Personal Data Protection
    • on 17 October
    • International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners, “Resolution on the Urgent Need for Protecting Privacy in a Borderless World, and for Reaching a Joint Proposal for Setting International Standards on Privacy and Personal Data Protection”, adopted by the 30th Conference in Strasbourg, France, on 17 October 2008.
    • (2008) Adopted by the 30th Conference in Strasbourg, France
  • 193
    • 85027304491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolution on International Standards of Privacy
    • November
    • International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners, Resolution on International Standards of Privacy, 31st Conference, Madrid, November 2009. http://www.privacyconference2009.org/dpas_space/space:reserved/documentos_adoptados/common/2009_Madrid/estandares_resolucion_madrid_en.pdf
    • (2009) 31st Conference, Madrid
  • 196
    • 84881757457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Evolution and Development of Regulatory Impact Assessment in the UK
    • Edward Elgar, Cheltenham
    • Jacobs, Colin, “The Evolution and Development of Regulatory Impact Assessment in the UK”, in Colin Kirkpatrick and David Parker (eds.), Regulatory Impact Assessment: Towards Better Regulation?, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2007, pp. 106-131.
    • (2007) Regulatory Impact Assessment: Towards Better Regulation? , pp. 106-131
    • Jacobs, C.1
  • 197
    • 85027326763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finland Makes Broadband Access a Legal Right
    • 14 October
    • Johnson, Bobbie, “Finland Makes Broadband Access a Legal Right”, The Guardian, 14 October 2009. http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2009/oct/14/finland-broadband
    • (2009) The Guardian
    • Johnson, B.1
  • 198
    • 0036330469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a Smarter NEPA: Monitoring and Managing Government’s Environmental Performance
    • May
    • Karkkainen, Bradley C., “Toward a Smarter NEPA: Monitoring and Managing Government’s Environmental Performance”, Columbia Law Review, Vol. 102, No. 4, May 2002, pp. 904-906.
    • (2002) Columbia Law Review , vol.102 , Issue.4 , pp. 904-906
    • Karkkainen, B.C.1
  • 199
    • 33646210646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deloitte & Touche
    • Karol, Thomas J., A Guide to Cross-Border Privacy Impact Assessments, Deloitte & Touche, 2001. http://www.isaca.org/Knowledge-Center/Research/ResearchDeliverables/Pages/A-Guide-To-Cross-Border-Privacy-Impact-Assessments.aspx
    • (2001) A Guide to Cross-Border Privacy Impact Assessments
    • Karol, T.J.1
  • 200
    • 63849219032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-Border Privacy Impact Assessments: An Introduction
    • Karol, Thomas J., “Cross-Border Privacy Impact Assessments: An Introduction”, ISACA Journal, Vol. 3, 2001. http://www.isaca.org/Journal/Past-Issues/2001/Volume-3/Pages/Cross-Border-Privacy-Impact-Assessments.aspx
    • (2001) ISACA Journal , vol.3
    • Karol, T.J.1
  • 204
    • 7444236966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory Impact Assessment and Regulatory Governance in Developing Countries
    • Oct
    • Kirkpatrick, Colin, David Parker and Yin-Fang Zhang, “Regulatory Impact Assessment and Regulatory Governance in Developing Countries”, Public Administration and Development, Vol. 24, Issue 4, Oct 2004, pp. 333-344.
    • (2004) Public Administration and Development , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 333-344
    • Kirkpatrick, C.1    Parker, D.2    Zhang, Y.-F.3
  • 205
    • 7444237012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory Impact Assessment in Developing and Transition Economies: A Survey of Current Practice
    • Kirkpatrick, Colin, and David Parker, “Regulatory Impact Assessment in Developing and Transition Economies: A Survey of Current Practice”, Public Money and Management, Vol. 24, No. 5, 2004, pp. 291-296.
    • (2004) Public Money and Management , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 291-296
    • Kirkpatrick, C.1    Parker, D.2
  • 208
    • 33645524415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring: The Behavioral Economics of Corporate Compliance with Law
    • Langevoort, Donald C., “Monitoring: The Behavioral Economics of Corporate Compliance with Law”, Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2002, No. 1, pp. 71-118.
    • Columbia Business Law Review , vol.2002 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-118
    • Langevoort, D.C.1
  • 209
    • 4243974010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ‘Quebec Model’ of Data Protection: A Compromise Between Laissez-Fair and Public Control in a Technological Era
    • University of Toronto Press, Toronto
    • LaPerrière, René, “The ‘Quebec Model’ of Data Protection: A Compromise Between Laissez-Fair and Public Control in a Technological Era”, in Colin J. Bennett and Rebecca Grant (eds.), Visions of Privacy: Policy Choices for the Digital Age, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1999.
    • (1999) Visions of Privacy: Policy Choices for the Digital Age
    • LaPerrière, R.1
  • 210
    • 85027318163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strip Search: Camera that Sees Through Clothes from 80ft Away
    • 9 March
    • Leake, Jonathan, “Strip Search: Camera that Sees Through Clothes from 80ft Away”, The Sunday Times, 9 March 2008. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/science/article3512019.ece
    • (2008) The Sunday Times
    • Leake, J.1
  • 211
    • 33646170415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-Based Policy-Making in Europe: An Evaluation of European Commission Integrated Impact Assessments
    • Lee, Norman, and Colin Kirkpatrick, “Evidence-Based Policy-Making in Europe: An Evaluation of European Commission Integrated Impact Assessments”, Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, Vol. 24, No. 1, 2006, pp. 22-33.
    • (2006) Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-33
    • Lee, N.1    Kirkpatrick, C.2
  • 214
    • 85027326778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Big Brother is Watching: Surveillance Box to Track Drivers is Backed
    • 31 March
    • Lewis, Paul, “Big Brother is Watching: Surveillance Box to Track Drivers is Backed”, The Guardian, 31 March 2009. http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2009/mar/31/surveillance-transportcommunication-box
    • (2009) The Guardian
    • Lewis, P.1
  • 215
    • 35648965624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bank Data Is Sifted by U.S. in Secret to Block Terrorism
    • 23 June
    • Lichtblau, Eric, and James Risen, “Bank Data Is Sifted by U.S. in Secret to Block Terrorism”, The New York Times, 23 June 2006.
    • (2006) The New York Times
    • Lichtblau, E.1    Risen, J.2
  • 216
    • 78650579177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • prepared for the [UK] Information Commissioner’s Office, October
    • Linden Consulting, Privacy Impact Assessments: International Study of their Application and Effects, prepared for the [UK] Information Commissioner’s Office, October 2007. http://www.ico.gov.uk/upload/documents/library/corporate/research_and_reports/privacy_impact_ assessment_international_study.011007.pdf
    • (2007) Privacy Impact Assessments: International Study of their Application and Effects
  • 217
    • 85027370009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bowing to Critics, U.S. to Alter Design of Electronic Passports
    • 27 April
    • Lipton, Eric, “Bowing to Critics, U.S. to Alter Design of Electronic Passports”, The New York Times, 27 April 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/27/politics/27passport.html?scp= 11&sq=biometric+passport&st=nyt
    • (2005) The New York Times
    • Lipton, E.1
  • 220
    • 85027304208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EESC Condemns Body Scanners as a Breach of Fundamental rights
    • 23 February, Number 9.4, sub 2
    • MacDonald, Reagan, “EESC Condemns Body Scanners as a Breach of Fundamental rights”, EDRigram, 23 February 2011, Number 9.4, sub 2. www.edri.org.
    • (2011) EDRigram
    • Macdonald, R.1
  • 221
    • 84856515016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of Justice and Fairness
    • July
    • Maiese, Michelle, “Principles of Justice and Fairness”, Beyond Intractability.org, July 2003. http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/principles_of_justice/
    • (2003) Beyond Intractability.org
    • Maiese, M.1
  • 222
    • 0000384524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From the Positive to the Regulatory State
    • May
    • Majone, Giandomenico, “From the Positive to the Regulatory State”, Journal of Public Policy, Vol. 17, No. 2, May 1997, pp. 139-167.
    • (1997) Journal of Public Policy , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 139-167
    • Majone, G.1
  • 223
    • 85027348478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government of Ontario
    • revised 2001
    • Management Board Secretariat, Government of Ontario, Privacy Impact Assessment: A User’s Guide, 1999, revised 2001. http://www.accessandprivacy.gov.on.ca/english/pia/index.html
    • (1999) Privacy Impact Assessment: A User’s Guide
  • 224
    • 85027327011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ‘Pre-crime’ Detector Shows Promise
    • 23 September
    • Marks, Paul, "‘Pre-crime’ Detector Shows Promise”, New Scientist, 23 September 2008. http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/shortsharpscience/2008/09/precrime-detector-is-showing-p.html
    • (2008) New Scientist
    • Marks, P.1
  • 225
    • 0032336129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethics for the New Surveillance
    • Marx, Gary T., “Ethics for the New Surveillance”, The Information Society, Vol. 14, 1998, pp. 171-185.
    • (1998) The Information Society , vol.14 , pp. 171-185
    • Marx, G.T.1
  • 226
    • 27944447037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identity and Anonymity: Some Conceptual Distinctions and Issues for Research
    • Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
    • Marx, Gary T., “Identity and Anonymity: Some Conceptual Distinctions and Issues for Research”, in J. Caplan and J. Torpey (eds.), Documenting Individual Identity, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2001.
    • (2001) Documenting Individual Identity
    • Marx, G.T.1
  • 227
    • 85029703004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What’s New About the ‘New Surveillance’? Classifying for Change and Continuity
    • Marx, Gary T., “What’s New About the ‘New Surveillance’? Classifying for Change and Continuity”, Surveillance & Society, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2002, pp. 9-29. http://www.surveillanceand-society.org/journalv1i1.htm
    • (2002) Surveillance & Society , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-29
    • Marx, G.T.1
  • 228
    • 84874716232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turtles, Firewalls, Scarlet Letters and Vacuum Cleaners: Rules about Personal Information
    • Scarecrow Press, Lanham, MD
    • Marx, Gary T., “Turtles, Firewalls, Scarlet Letters and Vacuum Cleaners: Rules about Personal Information”, in W. Aspray and P. Doty (eds.), Making Privacy, Scarecrow Press, Lanham, MD, 2011.
    • (2011) Making Privacy
    • Marx, G.T.1
  • 229
    • 23744467717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norms, Practices, and the Paradox of Difference: A Preliminary Inquiry into Agency Statutory Interpretation
    • Mashaw, Jerry L., “Norms, Practices, and the Paradox of Difference: A Preliminary Inquiry into Agency Statutory Interpretation”, Administrative Law Review, Vol. 57, No. 2, 2005.
    • (2005) Administrative Law Review , vol.57 , Issue.2
    • Mashaw, J.L.1
  • 231
    • 85027378832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canberra, 28 April
    • Medicare Australia, “Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) -Increased MBS Compliance Audits”, Canberra, 28 April 2009. http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/C010759A8FB2E35DCA25759300011241/$File/Privacy%20Impact%20Assessment% 20for%20the%20IMCA%20initiative.pdf
    • (2009) Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) -Increased MBS Compliance Audits
  • 232
    • 84933521597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embedded RFID and Everyday Things: A Case Study of the Security and Privacy Risks of the U.S. e-Passport
    • Meingast, Marci, Jennifer King and Deirdre K. Mulligan, “Embedded RFID and Everyday Things: A Case Study of the Security and Privacy Risks of the U.S. e-Passport”, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on RFID, 2007, pp. 4-5. http://www.truststc.org/pubs/157/Meingast_ King_Mulligan_RFID2007_Final.pdf
    • (2007) Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on RFID , pp. 4-5
    • Meingast, M.1    King, J.2    Mulligan, D.K.3
  • 233
    • 0000057597 scopus 로고
    • Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony
    • Meyer, JohnW., and Brian Rowan, “Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony”, American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 83, 1977, pp. 340-363.
    • (1977) American Journal of Sociology , vol.83 , pp. 340-363
    • Meyer, J.W.1    Rowan, B.2
  • 234
    • 85027371540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • webpage
    • Ministry of Citizens’ Services [British Colombia], Privacy Impact Assessment Process webpage. http://www.cio.gov.bc.ca/cio/priv_leg/foippa/pia/pia_index.page
    • Privacy Impact Assessment Process
  • 236
    • 85027324531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EU Laws to Cost UK £184bn by 2010, Think Tank Says
    • 21 December
    • Monaghan, Angela, “EU Laws to Cost UK £184bn by 2010, Think Tank Says”, The Telegraph, 21 December 2009. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/6859987/EU-lawsto-cost-UK-184bn-by-2010-think-tank-says.html
    • (2009) The Telegraph
    • Monaghan, A.1
  • 238
    • 84981430537 scopus 로고
    • What is Computer Ethics?
    • Blackwell
    • Moor, James H., “What is Computer Ethics?", in Terrell Ward Bynum (ed.), Computers & Ethics, Blackwell, 1985, pp. 266-275.
    • (1985) Computers & Ethics , pp. 266-275
    • Moor, J.H.1
  • 239
    • 33646908478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why we need better ethics for emerging technologies
    • September
    • Moor, James H., “Why we need better ethics for emerging technologies”, Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 7, No. 3, September 2005, pp. 111-119.
    • (2005) Ethics and Information Technology , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 111-119
    • Moor, J.H.1
  • 240
    • 23844517001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Creativity of the European Court of Human Rights
    • Mowbray, Alastair, “The Creativity of the European Court of Human Rights”, Human Rights Law Review, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2005, pp. 57-79.
    • (2005) Human Rights Law Review , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-79
    • Mowbray, A.1
  • 241
    • 84875881686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In theWake of ‘Good Governance’: Impact Assessments and the Politicisation of Statutory Interpretation
    • Munday, Roderick, “In theWake of ‘Good Governance’: Impact Assessments and the Politicisation of Statutory Interpretation”, The Modern Law Review, Vol. 71, No. 3, 2008, pp. 385-412.
    • (2008) The Modern Law Review , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 385-412
    • Munday, R.1
  • 242
    • 85027372128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apple Tweaks Privacy Policy to Juice Location Tracking
    • 22 June
    • Myslewski, Rik, “Apple Tweaks Privacy Policy to Juice Location Tracking”, The Register, 22 June 2010. http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/06/22/apple_location_terms_and_conditions/
    • (2010) The Register
    • Myslewski, R.1
  • 243
    • 85027312556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levelling up: Data Privacy and the European Court of Human Rights
    • Springer, Dordrecht
    • Nardell, Gordon, “Levelling up: Data Privacy and the European Court of Human Rights”, in Serge Gutwirth, Yves Poullet and Paul De Hert (eds.), Data Protection in a Profiled World, Springer, Dordrecht, 2010, pp. 43-52.
    • (2010) Data Protection in a Profiled World , pp. 43-52
    • Nardell, G.1
  • 248
    • 85027306007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the Impact of Proposed New Policies
    • NAO, London, 1 July
    • National Audit Office, Assessing the Impact of Proposed New Policies, Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General, HC 185 Session 1010-11, NAO, London, 1 July 2010. http://www.nao. org.uk/publications/1011/impact_assessments.aspx
    • (2010) Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General, HC 185 Session 1010-11
  • 249
    • 85027315548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On Terrorist Attacks upon the United States
    • Testimony of Attorney General John Ashcroft, 13 April
    • National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States, Tenth Public Hearing: Law Enforcement and the Intelligence Committee, Testimony of Attorney General John Ashcroft, 13 April 2004. http://www.9-11commission.gov/hearings/hearing10/ashcroft_statement.pdf
    • (2004) Tenth Public Hearing: Law Enforcement and the Intelligence Committee
  • 250
    • 1842829828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST Special Publication 800-30, July
    • National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST), Risk Management Guide for Information Technology Systems, Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST Special Publication 800-30, July 2002.
    • (2002) Risk Management Guide for Information Technology Systems
  • 251
    • 85027331977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Policing Improvement Agency, London
    • National Policing Improvement Agency (NPIA), Police National Database -Privacy Impact Assessment Report, National Policing Improvement Agency, London, 2009. http://www.npia. police.uk/en/docs/Privacy_Impact_Assessment.pdf
    • (2009) Police National Database -Privacy Impact Assessment Report
  • 252
    • 0042802333 scopus 로고
    • Committee on Risk Perception and Communications
    • National Academy Press, Washington, DC
    • National Research Council, Committee on Risk Perception and Communications, Improving Risk Communication, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1989. http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=1189&page=R1
    • (1989) Improving Risk Communication
  • 253
    • 85027329392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Compilation of Materials in Relation to Privacy Impact Assessment
    • New Zealand Privacy Commissioner, “A Compilation of Materials in Relation to Privacy Impact Assessment”, NZPC, 1997.
    • (1997) NZPC
  • 254
    • 0001948519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Values in the Design of Computer Systems
    • March
    • Nissenbaum, Helen, “Values in the Design of Computer Systems”, Computers in Society, Vol. 28, No. 1, March 1998, pp. 38-39.
    • (1998) Computers in Society , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-39
    • Nissenbaum, H.1
  • 255
    • 1842538795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy as Contextual Integrity
    • Nissenbaum, Helen, “Privacy as Contextual Integrity”, Washington Law Review, Vol. 79, No. 1, 2004, pp. 101-139. http://www.nyu.edu/projects/nissenbaum/main_cv.html
    • (2004) Washington Law Review , vol.79 , Issue.1 , pp. 101-139
    • Nissenbaum, H.1
  • 264
    • 85027362657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Submission to the Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit (JCPAA)
    • January
    • Office of the Australian Privacy Commissioner, Submission to the Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit (JCPAA) on Management and Integrity of Electronic Information in the Commonwealth, January 2003. http://www.privacy.gov.au/publications/jcpaasubs.doc
    • (2003) On Management and Integrity of Electronic Information in the Commonwealth
  • 265
    • 78549294322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • August
    • Office of the Australian Privacy Commissioner, Privacy Impact Assessment Guide, August 2006. http://www.privacy.gov.au/publications/PIA06.pdf
    • (2006) Privacy Impact Assessment Guide
  • 266
    • 78549294322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • August, Revised version, May 2010
    • Office of the Australian Privacy Commissioner, “Privacy Impact Assessment Guide”, August 2006. http://www.privacy.gov.au/publications/PIA06.pdf. Revised version, May 2010. http://www.privacy.gov.au/materials/types/download/9509/6590
    • (2006) Privacy Impact Assessment Guide
  • 267
    • 85027303413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment Template
    • BC
    • Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner for British Columbia, Privacy Impact Assessment Template, Victoria, BC, 2008. http://www.oipc.bc.ca/index.php?option= com_content&view=article&catid=16%3Aresources-for-public-bodies&id=80%3Apublicsector-g-privacy-impact-assessment-pia&Itemid=76
    • (2008) Victoria
  • 268
    • 77955740739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • July 2010
    • Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner for British Columbia, 2009-2010 Annual Report, July 2010.
    • (2009) Annual Report
  • 269
    • 85027382986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PIAs, Registry
    • Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner (OIPC) of Alberta, PIAs, Registry. http://www.oipc.ab.ca/pages/PIAs/Registry.aspx. Recent PIA summaries are on the What’s New page. http://www.oipc.ab.ca/pages/PIAs/WhatsNew.aspx
    • Recent PIA summaries are on the What’s New page
  • 271
    • 85027301446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation Report F2003-IR-005
    • 6 August
    • Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner (OIPC) of Alberta, Investigation Report F2003-IR-005, Edmonton Police Service, 6 August 2003. http://www.oipc.ab.ca/downloads/documentloader.ashx?id=2081
    • (2003) Edmonton Police Service
  • 273
    • 85027311079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • August
    • Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner (OIPC) of Ontario and the United States Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Privacy Impact Assessment for Justice Information Systems, August 2000. http://www.ipc.on.ca/English/Resources/Discussion-Papers/Discussion-Papers-Summary/?id=326
    • (2000) Privacy Impact Assessment for Justice Information Systems
  • 274
    • 78549294322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sydney, NSW, August, revised May 2010
    • Office of the Privacy Commissioner, Privacy Impact Assessment Guide, Sydney, NSW, August 2006, revised May 2010. http://www.privacy.gov.au.
    • (2006) Privacy Impact Assessment Guide
  • 275
    • 85027342230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Citizen Profile in All But Name-HRDC’s Longitudinal Labour Force File
    • Cat. No. IP 30-1/2000, Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada, Ottawa
    • Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (OPC), “A Citizen Profile in All But Name-HRDC’s Longitudinal Labour Force File”, in Annual Report to Parliament, Cat. No. IP 30-1/2000, Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada, Ottawa, 2000.
    • (2000) Annual Report to Parliament
  • 278
    • 85027362592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual Report to Parliament
    • Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (OPC), Annual Report to Parliament 2008, Report on the Privacy Act.http://www.priv.gc.ca/information/ar/200809/200809_pa_e.cfm
    • (2008) Report on the Privacy Act
  • 280
    • 85027339383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Audit of the Passenger Protect Program
    • November
    • Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (OPC), Audit of the Passenger Protect Program, Transport Canada, November 2009. http://www.priv.gc.ca/information/pub/ar-vr/ar-vr_ppp_ 200910_e.cfm
    • (2009) Transport Canada
  • 281
    • 85027335286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • regarding, Contribution of Priorities to the Strategic Outcome
    • Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (OPC), “Message from the Privacy Commissioner of Canada” [regarding 2008-9] Contribution of Priorities to the Strategic Outcome. http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/dpr-rmr/2008-2009/inst/nd6/nd601-eng.asp
    • (2008) Message from the Privacy Commissioner of Canada
  • 282
    • 85027358967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation finds that RCMP handled polling appropriately
    • Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (OPC), Investigation finds that RCMP handled polling appropriately, Report of Findings, Complaint under the Privacy Act. http://www.priv. gc.ca/cf-dc/pa/2009-10/pa_20091216_e.cfm
    • Report of Findings, Complaint under the Privacy Act
  • 285
    • 78650542804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A guide for the Victorian Public Sector, Edition 2, Melbourne, April
    • Office of the Victorian Privacy Commissioner (OVPC), Privacy Impact Assessments -A guide for the Victorian Public Sector, Edition 2, Melbourne, April 2009. http://www.privacy.vic.gov.au/privacy/web2.nsf/pages/publication-types?opendocument&Subcategory=Guidelines&s=2
    • (2009) Privacy Impact Assessments
  • 286
    • 85027330597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accompanying Guide -A guide to completing Parts 3 to 5 of your Privacy Impact Assessment Report
    • April
    • Office of the Victorian Privacy Commissioner (OVPC), Accompanying Guide -A guide to completing Parts 3 to 5 of your Privacy Impact Assessment Report, Melbourne, April 2009. http://www.privacy.vic.gov.au/privacy/web2.nsf/pages/publication-types? opendocument&Subcategory=Guidelines&s=2
    • (2009) Melbourne
  • 287
    • 85027322150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment Report template
    • April
    • Office of the Victorian Privacy Commissioner (OVPC), Privacy Impact Assessment Report template, Melbourne, April 2009. http://www.privacy.vic.gov.au/privacy/web2.nsf/files/privacyimpact-assessment-report-template
    • (2009) Melbourne
  • 289
    • 83055186748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toronto
    • Ontario Information and Privacy Commissioner (OIPC), Privacy by Design, Toronto, 2009. http://www.ipc.on.ca/images/Resources/privacybydesign.pdf
    • (2009) Privacy by Design
  • 291
    • 10944231396 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines Governing the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data
    • 23 Sept
    • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Guidelines Governing the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data, OECD, Paris, 23 Sept 1980. http://www.oecd.org/document/18/0,3343, en_2649_34255_1815186_1_1_1_1,00.html
    • (1980) OECD, Paris
  • 294
    • 85027355668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory Performance: Ex Post Evaluation of Regulatory Tools and Institutions
    • OECD, Paris
    • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), “Regulatory Performance: Ex Post Evaluation of Regulatory Tools and Institutions”, Working Party on Regulatory Management and Reform, Draft Report by the Secretariat, OECD, Paris, 2004.
    • (2004) Working Party on Regulatory Management and Reform, Draft Report by the Secretariat
  • 295
    • 85027382344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OECD Digital Economy Papers, OECD Publishing, Paris
    • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), RFID Guidance and Reports, OECD Digital Economy Papers, No. 150, OECD Publishing, Paris, 2008.
    • (2008) RFID Guidance and Reports , Issue.150
  • 296
    • 79959494992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OECD Directorate for Public Governance and Territorial Development, Paris, April
    • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Risk and Regulatory Policy: Improving the Governance of Risk, OECD Directorate for Public Governance and Territorial Development, Paris, April 2010.
    • (2010) Risk and Regulatory Policy: Improving the Governance of Risk
  • 297
    • 0035611374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research Commentary: Desperately Seeking the
    • June
    • Orlikowski, Wanda J., and C. Suzanne Iacono, “Research Commentary: Desperately Seeking the “IT” in IT Research-A Call to Theorizing the IT Artifact”, Information Systems Research, Vol. 12, No.2, June 2001, pp. 121-134.
    • (2001) Information Systems Research , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-134
    • Orlikowski, W.J.1    Iacono, C.S.2
  • 299
  • 300
    • 62949128148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Payment Card Industry Security Standards Council, Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard. https://www.pcisecuritystandards.org/security_standards/pci_dss_download.html.
    • Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard
  • 301
    • 24944506569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trusted Computing: Strengths, Weaknesses and Further Opportunities for Enhancing Privacy, Trust Management
    • Peter Herrmann, Valérie Issarny and Simon Shiu (eds.), iTrust
    • Pearson, S., “Trusted Computing: Strengths, Weaknesses and Further Opportunities for Enhancing Privacy, Trust Management”, in Peter Herrmann, Valérie Issarny and Simon Shiu (eds.), iTrust 2005, Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 3477/2005, Springer, Dordrecht, 2005, pp. 305-320
    • (2005) Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 3477/2005, Springer, Dordrecht , pp. 305-320
    • Pearson, S.1
  • 302
    • 71749090060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accountability as a Way Forward for Privacy Protection in the Cloud
    • M.G. Jaatun, G. Zhao and C. Rong (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 5931/2009, Springer, Dordrecht
    • Pearson, S., and A. Charlesworth, “Accountability as a Way Forward for Privacy Protection in the Cloud”, in M.G. Jaatun, G. Zhao and C. Rong (eds.), CloudCom 2009: Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 5931/2009, Springer, Dordrecht, 2009, pp. 131-144.
    • (2009) CloudCom 2009: Proceedings , pp. 131-144
    • Pearson, S.1    Charlesworth, A.2
  • 303
    • 85027329679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Labour in Retreat as ID Card Plan is Axed
    • 1 July
    • Peev, Gerri, “Labour in Retreat as ID Card Plan is Axed”, The Scotsman, 1 July 2009. http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/uk/Labour-in-retreat-as-.5415982.jp
    • (2009) The Scotsman
    • Peev, G.1
  • 305
    • 10944249976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy and the Phenetic Urge: Geodemographics and the Changing Spatiality of Local Practice
    • Routledge, London
    • Phillips, David, and Michael Curry, “Privacy and the Phenetic Urge: Geodemographics and the Changing Spatiality of Local Practice”, in David Lyon (ed.), Surveillance as Social Sorting: Privacy, Risk, and Digital Discrimination, Routledge, London, 2003.
    • (2003) Surveillance as Social Sorting: Privacy, Risk, and Digital Discrimination
    • Phillips, D.1    Curry, M.2
  • 306
    • 85027358837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 12 January
    • Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment Framework for RFID Applications, 12 January 2011. http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/ict/enet/policy_en.html
    • (2011)
  • 307
    • 85027369472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the Privacy Impacts of Programs
    • October
    • Privacy Commissioner of Canada, Assessing the Privacy Impacts of Programs, Plans, and Policies, Audit Report, October 2007. http://www.priv.gc.ca/information/pub/ar-vr/pia_200710_e.cfm
    • (2007) Lans, and Policies, Audit Report
  • 310
    • 85027317321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessments: Mitigating Risks -Maximizing Benefits
    • PIPA Conference, Vancouver, 20-21 September 2006
    • Province of BC, “Privacy Impact Assessments: Mitigating Risks -Maximizing Benefits”, Presentation for Private Sector Privacy in a Changing World, PIPA Conference 2007, Vancouver, 20-21 September 2006. http://www.verney.ca/pipa2007/presentations/420.pdf
    • (2007) Presentation for Private Sector Privacy in a Changing World
  • 311
    • 85027322633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Queensland Government Chief Information Officer (QGCIO), “Information Standard No 42 -Information Privacy”, 2001. http://www.qgcio.qld.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Architecture%20and%20Standards/Information%20Standards/Current/is42.pdf
    • (2001) Information Standard No 42 -Information Privacy
  • 313
    • 85027332829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Version 1.0.1, April
    • Queensland Government Chief Information Office, “Queensland Government Information Security Classification Framework”, Version 1.0.1, April 2008. http://www.qgcio.qld.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/Architecture%20and%20Standards/QGISCF%20v1.0.1.doc
    • (2008) Queensland Government Information Security Classification Framework
  • 315
    • 84885325658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy, Social Values, and the Public Interest
    • on “Politik und die Regulierung von Information”
    • Raab, Charles, “Privacy, Social Values, and the Public Interest”, Politische Vierteljahresschrift, Special Issue 46(2011) on “Politik und die Regulierung von Information”.
    • (2011) Politische Vierteljahresschrift, Special , Issue.46
    • Raab, C.1
  • 317
    • 23444437028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion Without Convergence: How Political Context Shapes the Adoption of Regulatory Impact Assessment
    • Radaelli, Claudio M., “Diffusion Without Convergence: How Political Context Shapes the Adoption of Regulatory Impact Assessment”, Journal of European Public Policy, Vol. 12, No. 5, 2005, pp. 924-943.
    • (2005) Journal of European Public Policy , vol.12 , Issue.5 , pp. 924-943
    • Radaelli, C.M.1
  • 318
    • 84872440254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El derecho al olvido y su protección
    • October-December
    • Rallo Lombarte, Artemi, “El derecho al olvido y su protección”, Fundación Telefónica, Revista TELOS, No. 85, October-December 2010, pp. 104-108.
    • (2010) Fundación Telefónica, Revista TELOS , Issue.85 , pp. 104-108
    • Rallo Lombarte, A.1
  • 319
    • 84979797951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Court of Human Rights: Failure to Take Effective Information Security Measures to Protect Sensitive Personal Data Violates Right to Privacy -I v. Finland, no. 20511/03, 17 July 2008
    • Råman, Jari, “European Court of Human Rights: Failure to Take Effective Information Security Measures to Protect Sensitive Personal Data Violates Right to Privacy -I v. Finland, no. 20511/03, 17 July 2008", Computer Law & Security Report, Vol. 24, No. 6, 2008, pp. 562-564.
    • (2008) Computer Law & Security Report , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 562-564
    • Råman, J.1
  • 320
    • 85021977898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eye in the Sky: Police Use Drone to Spy on V Festival
    • 21 August
    • Randerson, James, “Eye in the Sky: Police Use Drone to Spy on V Festival”, The Guardian, 21 August 2007. http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,2152983,00.html
    • (2007) The Guardian
    • Randerson, J.1
  • 324
    • 0346728652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lex Informatica: The Formulation of Information Policy Rules through Technology
    • February
    • Reidenberg, Joel R., “Lex Informatica: The Formulation of Information Policy Rules through Technology”, Texas Law Review, Vol. 76, No. 3, February 1998, pp. 553-584.
    • (1998) Texas Law Review , vol.76 , Issue.3 , pp. 553-584
    • Reidenberg, J.R.1
  • 326
  • 327
    • 85027364693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top officials to be held to account for data losses
    • 22 April
    • Richards, Jonathan, “Top officials to be held to account for data losses”, The Times, 22 April 2008. http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/article3797278.ece
    • (2008) The Times
    • Richards, J.1
  • 329
    • 85027352743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soziale Dimensionen des Privaten
    • Special, on “Politik und die Regulierung von Information”
    • Rössler, Beate, “Soziale Dimensionen des Privaten”, Politische Vierteljahresschrift, Special Issue 46 (2011) on “Politik und die Regulierung von Information”.
    • (2011) Politische Vierteljahresschrift , Issue.46
    • Rössler, B.1
  • 331
    • 85027331821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Importance of Information Security in Safeguarding Human and Fundamental Rights
    • 18 November
    • Saarenpää, Ahti, “The Importance of Information Security in Safeguarding Human and Fundamental Rights”, Stockholm, 18 November 2008.
    • (2008) Stockholm
    • Saarenpää, A.1
  • 333
    • 84909384486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Security Firms Working on Devices to Spot Would-be Terrorists in Crowd
    • 9 August
    • Sample, Ian, “Security Firms Working on Devices to Spot Would-be Terrorists in Crowd”, The Guardian, 9 August 2007. http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2007/aug/09/terrorism
    • (2007) The Guardian
    • Sample, I.1
  • 334
    • 84917389816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government Abandons Lie Detector Tests for Catching Benefit Cheats
    • 9 November
    • Sample, Ian, “Government Abandons Lie Detector Tests for Catching Benefit Cheats”, The Guardian, 9 November 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/nov/09/lie-detectortests-benefit-cheats
    • (2010) The Guardian
    • Sample, I.1
  • 335
    • 0007631243 scopus 로고
    • The (Unhappy) Truth About NEPA
    • May
    • Sax, Joseph L., “The (Unhappy) Truth About NEPA”, Oklahoma Law Review, Vol. 26, May 1973, pp. 239-278.
    • (1973) Oklahoma Law Review , vol.26 , pp. 239-278
    • Sax, J.L.1
  • 336
    • 79955131496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy by Design
    • April
    • Schaar, Peter, “Privacy by Design”, Identity in the Information Society, Vol. 3, No. 2, April 2010, pp. 267-274.
    • (2010) Identity in the Information Society , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 267-274
    • Schaar, P.1
  • 340
    • 0346873627 scopus 로고
    • Data Processing and Government Administration: The Failure of the American Legal Response to the Computer
    • Schwartz, Paul, “Data Processing and Government Administration: The Failure of the American Legal Response to the Computer”, Hastings Law Journal, Vol. 43, 1992, pp. 1321-1399.
    • (1992) Hastings Law Journal , vol.43 , pp. 1321-1399
    • Schwartz, P.1
  • 341
    • 85027349215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intelligent Surveillance System to Detect Aberrant Behavior by Drivers and Pedestrians
    • 21 September
    • ScienceDaily, “Intelligent Surveillance System to Detect Aberrant Behavior by Drivers and Pedestrians”, 21 September 2009. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090918100010.htm
    • (2009) ScienceDaily
  • 343
    • 85027336137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government Privacy Protections Fall Short, Lieberman Calls for Leadership, Greater Commitment of Resources
    • 30 July
    • Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, “Government Privacy Protections Fall Short, Lieberman Calls for Leadership, Greater Commitment of Resources”, Press release, Washington, DC, 30 July 2003. http://hsgac.senate.gov/public/index. cfm?FuseAction=Press.MajorityNews&ContentRecord_id=96af45f1-8460-4a3b-aea0-7ef37c689403&Region_id=&Issue_id
    • (2003) Press release, Washington, DC
  • 344
    • 85027362146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HS Violates Privacy Impact Requirements with US Visit Technology
    • 4 December
    • Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, “DHS Violates Privacy Impact Requirements with US Visit Technology”, Press release, Washington, DC, 4 December 2003. http://hsgac.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Press. MajorityNews&ContentRecord_id=8103bcce-8436-4e87-82f4-fe04642e6db2&Region_id= &Issue_id=
    • (2003) Press release, Washington, DC
  • 347
    • 85027359429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • June
    • Senate Finance and Public Administration Committee, “Australian Privacy Principles -Exposure Draft”, June 2010. http://www.aph.gov.au/Senate/committee/fapa_ctte/priv_exp_drafts/guide/exposure_draft.pdf
    • (2010) Australian Privacy Principles -Exposure Draft
  • 349
    • 85027351996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • section 9.3 Privacy Impact Assessments
    • Service Alberta, FOIP Guidelines and Practices (2009), section 9.3 Privacy Impact Assessments. http://www.servicealberta.gov.ab.ca/foip/documents/chapter9.pdf
    • (2009) FOIP Guidelines and Practices
    • Alberta, S.1
  • 350
    • 57949096060 scopus 로고
    • Reviewing Privacy in an Information Society
    • Simitis, Spiros, “Reviewing Privacy in an Information Society”, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, Vol. 135, No. 3, 1987, pp. 707-746.
    • (1987) University of Pennsylvania Law Review , vol.135 , Issue.3 , pp. 707-746
    • Simitis, S.1
  • 351
    • 84986173242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethics, Technology Development and Uncertainty: An Outline for Any Future Ethics of Technology
    • Sollie, Paul, “Ethics, Technology Development and Uncertainty: An Outline for Any Future Ethics of Technology”, Journal of Information, Communications & Ethics in Society, Vol. 5, No. 4, 2007, pp. 293-306.
    • (2007) Journal of Information, Communications & Ethics in Society , vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp. 293-306
    • Sollie, P.1
  • 353
    • 33644925852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Taxonomy of Privacy
    • January
    • Solove, Daniel J., “A Taxonomy of Privacy”, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, Vol. 154, No. 3, January 2006, pp. 477-560.
    • (2006) University of Pennsylvania Law Review , vol.154 , Issue.3 , pp. 477-560
    • Solove, D.J.1
  • 354
    • 64849113360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
    • Solove, Daniel, Understanding Privacy, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 2008.
    • (2008) Understanding Privacy
    • Solove, D.1
  • 355
    • 84904512960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • July
    • South Australian Department of Health (SADOH), Code of Fair Information Practice, July 2004. http://www.health.sa.gov.au/Portals/0/Health-Code-July04.pdf
    • (2004) Code of Fair Information Practice
  • 356
    • 85027371563 scopus 로고
    • PC012 -Information Privacy Principles Instruction, 1989
    • South Australian Department of Premier and Cabinet, Cabinet Administrative Instruction No. 1 of 1989: PC012 -Information Privacy Principles Instruction, 1989. http://www.premcab.sa.gov. au/pdf/circulars/Privacy.pdf
    • (1989) Cabinet Administrative Instruction , Issue.1
  • 357
    • 85027302648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report, May
    • Special Committee to Review the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, Legislative Assembly of BC, Report, May 2010. http://www.leg.bc.ca/cmt/39thparl/session-2/foi/reports/PDF/Rpt-FOI-39-2-Rpt-2010-MAY-31.pdf
    • (2010) Legislative Assembly of BC
  • 359
    • 85027369181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vienna University of Economics and Business, Published there under the title: German Industry Alternative Proposal on the RFID Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment Framework [21 October 2010]
    • Spiekermann, Sarah, PIA II -A Proposal for a Privacy Impact Assessment Framework for RFID Applications, Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2011. http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/ict/enet/policy_en.html.Published there under the title: German Industry Alternative Proposal on the RFID Privacy and Data Protection Impact Assessment Framework [21 October 2010].
    • (2011) PIA II -A Proposal for a Privacy Impact Assessment Framework for RFID Applications
    • Spiekermann, S.1
  • 361
    • 85027344036 scopus 로고
    • Privacy Policy Statement
    • 22 March 1991, reprinted in Longworth Associates, Telecommunications and Privacy Issues: Report for the Ministry of Commerce, Wellington
    • State of New York Public Service Commission, Privacy Policy Statement No. 1: A Privacy Impact Statementin “Statement of Policy on Privacy in Telecommunications”, 22 March 1991, reprinted in Longworth Associates, Telecommunications and Privacy Issues: Report for the Ministry of Commerce, Wellington, 1992.
    • (1992) A Privacy Impact Statementin “Statement of Policy on Privacy in Telecommunications” , Issue.1
  • 362
    • 85027321002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee of Experts for the Development of Human Rights (DH-DEV), Working Group on the Environment (GT-DEV-ENV)
    • Draft nr. GT-DEV-ENV, Draft_11_PII-SecA-ChV, Strasbourg, 21 December 2010
    • Steering Committee for Human Rights (Cddh), Committee of Experts for the Development of Human Rights (DH-DEV), Working Group on the Environment (GT-DEV-ENV), Decisionmaking Process in Environmental Matters and Public Participation in Them, Draft nr. GT-DEV-ENV(2011)_Draft_11_PII-SecA-ChV, Strasbourg, 21 December 2010. http://www.coe.int/t/e/human_rights/cddh/3._committees/07.%20other%20committees%20and% 20working%20groups/08.gt-dev-env/working%20docs/GT-DEV-ENV_2011__Draft_11_PIISecA-ChV.pdf
    • (2011) Decisionmaking Process in Environmental Matters and Public Participation in Them
  • 364
    • 43849095685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy impact assessments
    • July
    • Stewart, Blair, “Privacy impact assessments”, Privacy Law and Policy Reporter, Vol. 3, No. 4, July 1996. http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/PLPR/1996/39.html
    • (1996) Privacy Law and Policy Reporter , vol.3 , Issue.4
    • Stewart, B.1
  • 365
    • 78549278881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PIAs -an early warning system
    • October/November
    • Stewart, Blair, “PIAs -an early warning system”, Privacy Law and Policy Reporter, Vol. 3, No. 7, October/November 1996. http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/PLPR/1996/65.html
    • (1996) Privacy Law and Policy Reporter , vol.3 , Issue.7
    • Stewart, B.1
  • 366
    • 37049031415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment Towards a Better Informed Process for Evaluating Privacy Issues Arising from New Technologies
    • February
    • Stewart, Blair, “Privacy Impact Assessment Towards a Better Informed Process for Evaluating Privacy Issues Arising from New Technologies”, Privacy Law and Policy Reporter, Vol. 5, No. 8, February 1999. http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/PLPR/1999/8.html
    • (1999) Privacy Law and Policy Reporter , vol.5 , Issue.8
    • Stewart, B.1
  • 367
    • 63849247875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment: Some Approaches, Issues and Examples
    • September
    • Stewart, Blair, “Privacy Impact Assessment: Some Approaches, Issues and Examples”, 2002. http://jeb.cerps.org.tw/files/JEB2002-009.pdf Stewart, Blair, “Privacy Impact Assessment Roundup”, Privacy Law & Policy Reporter, Vol. 9, No. 5, September 2002. http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/PLPR/2002/index.html
    • (2002) Privacy Law & Policy Reporter , vol.9 , Issue.5
    • Stewart, B.1
  • 368
    • 78549232777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Office of the Privacy Commissioner, Auckland, March, revised June 2007
    • Stewart, Blair, Privacy Impact Assessment Handbook, Office of the Privacy Commissioner, Auckland, March 2002, revised June 2007.
    • (2002) Privacy Impact Assessment Handbook
    • Stewart, B.1
  • 374
    • 0000155705 scopus 로고
    • Accountability: The Neglected Social Context of Judgment and Choice
    • Tetlock, Philip E., “Accountability: The Neglected Social Context of Judgment and Choice”, in Barry M. Staw and L.L. Cummings (eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 7, 1985, pp. 297-332.
    • (1985) Research in Organizational Behavior , vol.7 , pp. 297-332
    • Tetlock, P.E.1
  • 375
    • 85027310358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance Technology: If Looks Could Kill
    • 23 October
    • The Economist, “Surveillance Technology: If Looks Could Kill”, 23 October 2008. http://www.economist.com/science/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12465303
    • (2008) The Economist
  • 376
    • 85027345700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Head Taxman Quits After 25 Million Peoples’ Data Lost
    • 20 November
    • The Inquirer, “Head Taxman Quits After 25 Million Peoples’ Data Lost”, 20 November 2007. http://www.theinquirer.net/gb/inquirer/news/2007/11/20/head-taxman-quits-million.
    • (2007) The Inquirer
  • 377
    • 85027302872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPS and Privacy Rights
    • Editorial, 14 May
    • The New York Times, “GPS and Privacy Rights”, Editorial, 14 May 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/15/opinion/15fri3.html
    • (2009) The New York Times
  • 378
    • 85027329696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gallery: Anti-deception technologies
    • 18 July
    • The Washington Post, “Gallery: Anti-deception technologies”, 18 July 2010. http://projects. washingtonpost.com/top-secret-america/articles/a-hidden-world-growing-beyond-control/
    • (2010) The Washington Post
  • 380
    • 85027355851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ottawa
    • Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, “A Guide to Preparing Treasury Board Submissions”, Ottawa [n.d.]. http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pubs_pol/opepubs/TBM_162/gptbs-gppct09-eng.asp# d4.
    • A Guide to Preparing Treasury Board Submissions
  • 381
    • 85027367447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 May
    • Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Archived -Privacy Impact Assessment Policy, 2 May 2002. http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc-eng.aspx?id=12450§ion=text
    • (2002) Archived -Privacy Impact Assessment Policy
  • 382
    • 85027362183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment Guidelines: A Framework to Manage Privacy Risks
    • 31 August
    • Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Privacy Impact Assessment Guidelines: A Framework to Manage Privacy Risks, Ottawa, 31 August 2002. http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pubs_pol/ciopubs/pia-pefr/paipg-pefrld1-eng.asp
    • (2002) Ottawa
  • 383
    • 85027319444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communications Policy of the Government of Canada
    • November
    • Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Communications Policy of the Government of Canada, Policy Statement, November 2004. http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc-eng.aspx?id= 12316§ion=text#sec5.10
    • (2004) Policy Statement
  • 384
    • 85027332522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • as archived
    • Treasury Board Secretariat of Canada, Privacy Impact Assessment Audit Guide, as archived. ttp://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/webarchives/20071211001631/www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/ia-vi/policies-politiques/pia-efvp/pia-efvp_e.asp
    • Privacy Impact Assessment Audit Guide
  • 385
    • 85027323942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Guide to Preparing Treasury Board Submissions
    • December
    • Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, A Guide to Preparing Treasury Board Submissions, Ottawa, December 2007. http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pubs_pol/opepubs/tbm_162/gptbs-gppct-eng.asp
    • (2007) Ottawa
  • 386
    • 85027382376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy on Privacy Protection
    • April
    • Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Policy on Privacy Protection, Ottawa, April 2008.
    • (2008) Ottawa
  • 387
    • 85027361743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directive on Privacy Impact Assessment
    • 1 April
    • Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Directive on Privacy Impact Assessment, Ottawa, 1 April 2010. http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc-eng.aspx?id=18308§ion=text
    • (2010) Ottawa
  • 388
    • 85027375463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directive on Privacy Practices
    • April
    • Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Directive on Privacy Practices, Ottawa, April 2010. http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc-eng.aspx?section=text&id=18309
    • (2010) Ottawa
  • 389
    • 85027364657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EuroPrise Criteria
    • Germany
    • Unabhängiges Landeszentrum für Datenschutz Schleswig-Holstein, EuroPrise Criteria, Version 1.0, Kiel, Germany, 2009.
    • (2009) Version 1.0, Kiel
  • 394
    • 0003746860 scopus 로고
    • July
    • US Department of Health, Education andWelfare, Secretary’s Advisory Committee on Automated Personal Data Systems, Records, Computers and the Rights of Citizens, July 1973. http://epic. org/privacy/hew1973report
    • (1973) Records, Computers and the Rights of Citizens
  • 395
    • 85027332216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US-VISIT Program
    • Washington, DC, 18 December
    • US Department of Homeland Security, US-VISIT Program, Increment 1, Privacy Impact Assessment, Washington, DC, 18 December 2003. http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/privacy/privacy_pia_usvisit_inc1.pdf
    • (2003) Increment 1, Privacy Impact Assessment
  • 396
    • 85027331755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transportation Security Administration (TSA)
    • 18 June
    • US Department of Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration (TSA), Airport Access Control Pilot Project Privacy Impact Assessment, 18 June 2004. http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/privacy/privacy_pia_aacpp.pdf
    • (2004) Airport Access Control Pilot Project Privacy Impact Assessment
  • 397
    • 85027373421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1 July
    • US Department of Homeland Security, Privacy Act of 1974; Systems of Records, 1 July 2005. http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/privacy/privacy_sorn_usvisit_aidms.pdf
    • (2005) Privacy Act of 1974; Systems of Records
  • 401
    • 85027317561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection of Privacy in the DHS Intelligence Enterprise
    • 109th Cong, 2d Sess, in CQ Congressional Testimony (statement of Maureen Cooney, Acting Chief Privacy Officer, Department of Homeland Security)
    • US Government Printing Office, Protection of Privacy in the DHS Intelligence Enterprise, Hearings before the Subcommittee on Intelligence, Information Sharing, and Terrorism Risk Assessment of the House Homeland Security Committee, 109th Cong, 2d Sess (2006), in CQ Congressional Testimony (statement of Maureen Cooney, Acting Chief Privacy Officer, Department of Homeland Security).
    • (2006) Hearings before the Subcommittee on Intelligence, Information Sharing, and Terrorism Risk Assessment of the House Homeland Security Committee
  • 403
    • 79951955944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethics in and During Technological Research: An Addition to IT Ethics and Science Ethics
    • Springer Science, Dordrecht
    • Van Gorp, Anke, “Ethics in and During Technological Research: An Addition to IT Ethics and Science Ethics”, in Paul Sollie and Marcus Düwell (eds.), Evaluating New Technologies, Springer Science, Dordrecht, 2009.
    • (2009) Evaluating New Technologies
    • Van Gorp, A.1
  • 404
    • 42549167548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg
    • van Lieshout, Marc, Luigi Grossi, Graziella Spinelli et al., RFID Technologies: Emerging Issues, Challenges and Policy Options, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 2007.
    • (2007) RFID Technologies: Emerging Issues, Challenges and Policy Options
    • Van Lieshout, M.1    Grossi, L.2    Spinelli, G.3
  • 406
    • 84876436976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whose Responsibility Is It Anyway? Dealing with the Consequences of New Technologies
    • Springer Science, Dordrecht
    • Vedder, Anton, and Bart Custers, “Whose Responsibility Is It Anyway? Dealing with the Consequences of New Technologies”, in Paul Sollie and Marcus Düwell (eds.), Evaluating New Technologies, Springer Science, Dordrecht, 2009.
    • (2009) Evaluating New Technologies
    • Vedder, A.1    Custers, B.2
  • 407
    • 79955841349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Moral Relevance of Technological Artifacts
    • Springer Science, Dordrecht
    • Verbeek, Peter-Paul, “The Moral Relevance of Technological Artifacts”, in Paul Sollie and Marcus Düwell (eds.), Evaluating New Technologies, Springer Science, Dordrecht, 2009.
    • (2009) Evaluating New Technologies
    • Verbeek, P.-P.1
  • 409
    • 85027315332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melbourne, 19 March
    • Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, “Privacy Impact Assessment Report: The Ultranet”, Melbourne, 19 March 2010. http://www.eduweb.vic.gov. au/edulibrary/public/ultranet/ultranet-pia.pdf
    • (2010) Privacy Impact Assessment Report: The Ultranet
  • 410
    • 37049006688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From the Ethics of Technology Towards an Ethics of Knowledge Policy & Knowledge Assessment
    • January
    • von Schomberg, René, “From the Ethics of Technology Towards an Ethics of Knowledge Policy & Knowledge Assessment”, Working document from the European Commission Services, January 2007.
    • (2007) Working document from the European Commission Services
    • Von Schomberg, R.1
  • 411
  • 412
    • 21844505757 scopus 로고
    • Managerial and Organizational Cognition: Notes from a Trip Down Memory Lane
    • May-June
    • Walsh, James P., “Managerial and Organizational Cognition: Notes from a Trip Down Memory Lane”, Organization Science, Vol. 6, No. 3, May-June 1995, pp. 280-321.
    • (1995) Organization Science , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 280-321
    • Walsh, J.P.1
  • 414
    • 0000320829 scopus 로고
    • The Right to Privacy
    • 15 December
    • Warren, Samuel, and Louis D. Brandeis, “The Right to Privacy”, Harvard Law Review, Vol. IV, No. 5, 15 December 1890.
    • (1890) Harvard Law Review , vol.4 , Issue.5
    • Warren, S.1    Brandeis, L.D.2
  • 415
    • 85027377569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privacy Impact Assessment -Traps for the Unwary
    • February
    • Waters Nigel, “Privacy Impact Assessment -Traps for the Unwary”, Privacy Law & Policy Reporter, Vol. 7, No. 9, February 2001. http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/PLPR/2001/10. html
    • (2001) Privacy Law & Policy Reporter , vol.7 , Issue.9
    • Nigel, W.1
  • 416
    • 85027320351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ‘Surveillance-Off’: Beyond Privacy Impact Assessment -Design Principles to Minimize Privacy Intrusion
    • St John’s College, Cambridge, England, 7-9 July
    • Waters, Nigel, "‘Surveillance-Off’: Beyond Privacy Impact Assessment -Design Principles to Minimize Privacy Intrusion”, Paper for the 16th Annual Privacy Laws and Business International Conference: Transforming Risk Assessment into Everyday Compliance with Data Protection Law, St John’s College, Cambridge, England, 7-9 July 2003.
    • (2003) Transforming Risk Assessment into Everyday Compliance with Data Protection Law
    • Waters, N.1
  • 417
    • 85027323455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Getting through Privacy Impact Assessments
    • Workshop Workbook, Montreal, September
    • Waters, Nigel, “Getting through Privacy Impact Assessments”, 29th International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners, Privacy Impact Assessment Issues and Approaches for Regulators, Workshop Workbook, Montreal, September 2007. http://www.privacyconference2007.gc.ca/workbooks/Terra_Incognita_workbook12_bil.pdf
    • (2007) Privacy Impact Assessment Issues and Approaches for Regulators
    • Waters, N.1
  • 418
    • 0001853125 scopus 로고
    • The Computer for the 21st Century
    • September
    • Weiser, Marc, “The Computer for the 21st Century”, Scientific American, Vol. 265, No. 3, September 1991, pp. 94-104.
    • (1991) Scientific American , vol.265 , Issue.3 , pp. 94-104
    • Weiser, M.1
  • 421
    • 22744437687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Two Western Cultures of Privacy: Dignity Versus Liberty
    • Whitman, James Q., “The Two Western Cultures of Privacy: Dignity Versus Liberty”, The Yale Law Journal, Vol. 113, 2004, pp. 1151-1221.
    • (2004) The Yale Law Journal , vol.113 , pp. 1151-1221
    • Whitman, J.Q.1
  • 422
    • 0343789047 scopus 로고
    • Administrative Agency Implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969: A Conceptual Framework for Explaining Differential Response
    • Wichelman, Allan F., “Administrative Agency Implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969: A Conceptual Framework for Explaining Differential Response”, Natural Resources Journal, Vol. 16, 1976, pp. 296-300.
    • (1976) Natural Resources Journal , vol.16 , pp. 296-300
    • Wichelman, A.F.1
  • 424
    • 85027384405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CCTV Cameras to be Given ‘Ears’
    • 24 June
    • Williams, Rachel, “CCTV Cameras to be Given ‘Ears’", The Guardian, 24 June 2008. http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2008/jun/24/ukcrime1
    • (2008) The Guardian
    • Williams, R.1
  • 425
    • 0002777566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do Artifacts Have Politics?
    • second edition, Open University Press, Philadelphia
    • Winner, Langdon, “Do Artifacts Have Politics?", in Donald MacKenzie and Judy Wajcman (eds.), The Social Shaping of Technology, second edition, Open University Press, Philadelphia, 1999.
    • (1999) The Social Shaping of Technology
    • Winner, L.1
  • 426
    • 80054804351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T-Mobile Confirms Biggest Phone Customer Data Breach
    • 17 November
    • Wray, Richard, “T-Mobile Confirms Biggest Phone Customer Data Breach”, The Guardian, 17 November 2009. http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2009/nov/17/t-mobile-phone-data-privacy
    • (2009) The Guardian
    • Wray, R.1
  • 427
    • 77955619458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should Privacy Impact Assessment Be Mandatory?
    • August
    • Wright, David, “Should Privacy Impact Assessment Be Mandatory?", Communications of the ACM, Vol. 54, No. 8, August 2011, pp. 121-131.
    • (2011) Communications of the ACM , vol.54 , Issue.8 , pp. 121-131
    • Wright, D.1
  • 428
    • 85027307986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An Ethical Impact Assessment Framework for Information Technology
    • Wright, David, “An Ethical Impact Assessment Framework for Information Technology”, Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 13, No. 3, 2011.
    • (2011) Ethics and Information Technology , vol.13 , Issue.3
    • Wright, D.1
  • 430
    • 85011438433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Administrative Implementation of and Judicial Review under the National Environmental Policy Act
    • West Publishing, St. Paul, MN, USA
    • Yost, Nicolas C., and James W. Rubin, “Administrative Implementation of and Judicial Review under the National Environmental Policy Act”, in Sheldon M. Novick, Donald W. Stever and Margaret G. Mellon (eds.), The Law of Environmental Protection, West Publishing, St. Paul, MN, USA, 2007.
    • (2007) The Law of Environmental Protection
    • Yost, N.C.1    Rubin, J.W.2
  • 431
    • 85027330642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1 BvR 209/83 vom 15.12.1983
    • BVerfG, 1 BvR 209/83 vom 15.12.1983.
  • 432
    • 85027383740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1 BvR 370/07 und 1 BvR 595/07 vom 30.4
    • BVerfG, 1 BvR 370/07 und 1 BvR 595/07 vom 30.4.2008, “OnlineDurchsuchung”.
    • (2008) OnlineDurchsuchung
  • 433
    • 84984415255 scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 15 December
    • BVerfGE 65 E 40, “Volkszählung”, Judgment of 15 December 1983.
    • (1983) Volkszählung
  • 434
    • 85027344261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 16 December, Case C-524/06
    • Court of Justice of the European Union, Huber v. Germany, Judgment of 16 December 2008, Case C-524/06.
    • (2008) Huber v. Germany
  • 435
    • 66149097251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 5 May, Case no. C-157/96
    • Court of Justice of the European Union, National Farmers Union, Judgment of 5 May 1998, Case no. C-157/96.
    • (1998) National Farmers Union
  • 437
    • 23544450035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 5 May, Case no. C-180/96
    • Court of Justice of the European Union, United Kingdom v. Commission, Judgment of 5 May 1998, Case no. C-180/96.
    • (1998) United Kingdom v. Commission
  • 438
    • 85027362247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 2 April, Application no. 28680/06
    • ECtHR, A.D. and O.D. v. The United Kingdom, Judgment of 2 April 2010, Application no. 28680/06.
    • (2010) A.D. and O.D. v. The United Kingdom
  • 439
    • 85027313575 scopus 로고
    • 9 October, Series A-32, Application no. 6289/73
    • ECtHR, Airey v. Ireland, Judgment of 9 October 1979, Series A-32, Application no. 6289/73.
    • (1979) Judgment
    • Ireland, A.V.1
  • 440
    • 85027322151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 16 February, Application no. 27798/95, 2000-II
    • ECtHR, Amann v. Switzerland, Judgment of 16 February 2000, Application no. 27798/95, ECHR 2000-II.
    • (2000) Switzerland, Judgment
    • Amann, V.1
  • 441
    • 84888357615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Admissibility decision of 20 January, Application no. 39561/98
    • ECtHR, Ashworth and others v. The United Kingdom, Admissibility decision of 20 January 2004, Application no. 39561/98.
    • (2004) The United Kingdom
    • Ashworth, O.V.1
  • 443
    • 84888357615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 3 April, Application no. 62617/00
    • ECtHR, Copland v. The United Kingdom, Judgment of 3 April 2007, Application no. 62617/00.
    • (2007) The United Kingdom
    • Copland, V.1
  • 444
    • 85027350358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 17 July, Application no. 25337/94
    • ECtHR, Craxi (no. 2) v. Italy, Judgment of 17 July 2003, Application no. 25337/94.
    • (2003) Italy , Issue.2
    • Craxi, V.1
  • 445
    • 0040953894 scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 22 October, Series A-45, Application no. 7525/76
    • ECtHR, Dudgeon v. The United Kingdom, Judgment of 22 October 1981, Series A-45, Application no. 7525/76.
    • (1981) The United Kingdom
    • Dudgeon, V.1
  • 447
    • 85027318880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 November, Application no. 59909/00
    • ECtHR, Giacomelli v. Italy, Judgment of 2 November 2006, Application no. 59909/00.
    • (2006) Italy Judgment
    • Giacomelli, V.1
  • 448
    • 84859149501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 19 February, Reports 1998-I, Application no. 14967/89
    • ECtHR, Guerra and others v. Italy, Judgment of 19 February 1998, Reports 1998-I, Application no. 14967/89.
    • (1998) Guerra and others v. Italy
  • 449
    • 84929884546 scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 7 December, Series A-24, Application no. 5493/72
    • ECtHR, Handyside v. The United Kingdom, Judgment of 7 December 1976, Series A-24, Application no. 5493/72.
    • (1976) The United Kingdom
    • Handyside, V.1
  • 450
    • 84927120197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 2 October, Application no. 36 022/97
    • ECtHR, Hatton v. The United Kingdom, Judgment of 2 October 2001, Application no. 36 022/97.
    • (2001) The United Kingdom
    • Hatton, V.1
  • 451
    • 85027359547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • I. v. Finland, Judgment of 17 July, 10 September 2008, Application no. 20511/03
    • ECtHR, I. v. Finland, Judgment of 17 July 2008, European Human Rights Cases (EHRC), Vol. 9, No. 9, 10 September 2008, pp. 1136-1140, Application no. 20511/03.
    • (2008) European Human Rights Cases (EHRC) , vol.9 , Issue.9 , pp. 1136-1140
  • 452
    • 79551572175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iordachi and others v. Moldova,10 February, Application no. 25198/02
    • ECtHR, Iordachi and others v. Moldova, Judgment of 10 February 2009, Application no. 25198/02.
    • (2009) Judgment
  • 453
    • 85027329745 scopus 로고
    • Klass and others v. Germany,6 September, Series A-28, Application no. 5029/71
    • ECtHR, Klass and others v. Germany, Judgment of 6 September 1978, Series A-28, Application no. 5029/71.
    • (1978) Judgment
  • 454
    • 80052176910 scopus 로고
    • 24 April, Series A-176 A, Application no. 11801/85
    • ECtHR, Kruslin v. France, Judgment of 24 April 1990, Series A-176 A, Application no. 11801/85.
    • (1990) Judgment
    • France, K.V.1
  • 455
    • 85022909075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 24 August, Reports, 1998 V, Application no. 23618/94
    • ECtHR, Lambert v. France, Judgment of 24 August 1998, Reports, 1998 V, Application no. 23618/94.
    • (1998) Judgment
    • France, L.V.1
  • 456
    • 78650168321 scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 26 March, Series A-116, Application no. 9248/81
    • ECtHR, Leander v. Sweden, Judgment of 26 March 1987, Series A-116, Application no. 9248/81.
    • (1987) Leander v. Sweden
    • Leander, V.1
  • 458
    • 50049125482 scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 23 March, Series A-310, Application no. 15318/89
    • ECtHR, Loizidou v. Turkey (prel. obj.), Judgment of 23 March 1995, Series A-310, Application no. 15318/89.
    • (1995) Loizidou v. Turkey (prel. obj.)
    • Loizidou, V.1
  • 459
    • 0003962369 scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 9 December, Series A-303-C, Application no. 16798/90
    • ECtHR, Lopez Ostra v. Spain, Judgment of 9 December 1994, Series A-303-C, Application no. 16798/90.
    • (1994) Lopez Ostra v. Spain
    • Lopez, O.V.1
  • 460
  • 461
    • 32144454035 scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 13 June, Series A-31, Application no. 6833/74
    • ECtHR, Marckx v. Belgium, Judgment of 13 June 1979, Series A-31, Application no. 6833/74.
    • (1979) Marckx v. Belgium
    • Marckx, V.1
  • 462
    • 84913612328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 28 September, ECHR 2000-X, Application no. 25498/94
    • ECtHR, Messina v. Italy (no. 2), Judgment of 28 September 2000, ECHR 2000-X, Application no. 25498/94.
    • (2000) Messina v. Italy (no. 2)
    • Messina, V.1
  • 463
    • 84940652960 scopus 로고
    • Judgment of 24 March, Series A-130, Application no. 10465/83
    • ECtHR, Olsson v. Sweden, Judgment of 24 March 1988, Series A-130, Application no. 10465/83.
    • (1988) Olsson v. Sweden
    • Olsson, V.1
  • 464
    • 85027346429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic Privacy Information Center v
    • Case No. 03-1846, 2006 WL 626925
    • District Of Columbia District Court, Electronic Privacy Information Center v. U.S. Transportation Security Administration, Case No. 03-1846, 2006 WL 626925, 2006.
    • (2006) U.S. Transportation Security Administration
  • 465
    • 85027326012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub L No 107-347, 116 Stat 2899, 44 U.S.C. § 101
    • E-Government Act of 2002, Pub L No 107-347, 116 Stat 2899, 44 U.S.C. § 101, 2006. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-107publ347/content-detail.html
    • (2006) 116 Stat 2899, 44 U.S.C. § , vol.101
  • 467
    • 85027317159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub L No 107-59, 115 Stat 407
    • Great Falls Historic District Study Act of 2001, Pub L No 107-59, 115 Stat 407. http://www.gpo. gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-107publ59/content-detail.html
    • (2001)
  • 468
    • 85027341047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub L No 107-296, 116 Stat 2135
    • Homeland Security Act of 2002, Pub L No 107-296, 116 Stat 2135, 2007. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-107publ296/content-detail.html
    • (2007)
  • 469
    • 85027361114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub L No 107-296, 116 Stat 2135, 6 U.S.C. § 142
    • Homeland Security Act of 2002, Pub L No 107-296, 116 Stat 2135, 6 U.S.C. § 142, 2007.
    • (2007)
  • 470
  • 471
    • 85027320126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub L No 108-458 §, Stat 3638, 3884 (2004), 5 U.S.C. § 601 note (2000 & Supp 2004)
    • Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, Pub L No 108-458 § 1061(c)(4), 118 Stat 3638, 3884 (2004), 5 U.S.C. § 601 note (2000 & Supp 2004). http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-108publ458/content-detail.html
    • (2004) , vol.1061 , Issue.4 , pp. 118
  • 472
    • 85027302661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub L No 108-458, 118 Stat 3638, 3819
    • Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, Pub L No 108-458, 118 Stat 3638, 3819. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-108publ458/content-detail.html
    • (2004)
  • 473
    • 85027300582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub L No 91-190, 83 Stat. 852, 42 U.S.C. §§
    • National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, Pub L No 91-190, 83 Stat. 852, 42 U.S.C. §§ 4321-4347, 2000.
    • (2000) , pp. 4321-4347
  • 474
    • 85027316837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pub L No 91-190, 83 Stat. 852, 42 U.S.C. §
    • National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, Pub L No 91-190, 83 Stat. 852, 42 U.S.C. § 4332(2)(C), 2000.
    • (2000) , vol.4332 , Issue.2
  • 475
    • 85027343535 scopus 로고
    • Executive Order No. 11514, 35 Fed. Reg. 4247
    • Protection and enhancement of environmental quality, Executive Order No. 11514, 35 Fed. Reg. 4247, 1970. http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/11514.html
    • (1970)
  • 476
    • 85027373421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 70 Fed. Reg. 38699-38700
    • U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Privacy Act of 1974; Systems of Records, 70 Fed. Reg. 38699-38700, 2005. http://frwebgate2.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/PDFgate.cgi? WAISdocID=pU4etl/5/2/0&WAISaction=retrieve
    • (2005) Privacy Act of 1974; Systems of Records
  • 477
    • 33646009332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 70 Fed. Reg. 8305
    • U.S. Department of State, Electronic Passport, 70 Fed. Reg. 8305, 2005. http://frwebgate3.access. gpo.gov/cgi-bin/PDFgate.cgi?WAISdocID=o4OYOy/22/2/0&WAISaction=retrieve
    • (2005) Electronic Passport
  • 478
    • 85027368662 scopus 로고
    • Case No. 75-552, 427 U.S. 390
    • U.S. Supreme Court, Kleppe v Sierra Club, Case No. 75-552, 427 U.S. 390, 1975. http://supreme. justia.com/us/427/390/
    • (1975) Kleppe v Sierra Club


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.