메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 8, 2017, Pages

Tobacco Use and Smoke Exposure in Children: New Trends, Harm, and Strategies to Improve Health Outcomes

Author keywords

Biological effects of tobacco; Children and youth; Effective prevention strategies; Smoke exposure; Tobacco use

Indexed keywords

TOBACCO SMOKE;

EID: 85025609070     PISSN: 15297322     EISSN: 15346315     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11882-017-0723-0     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (59)

References (138)
  • 1
    • 85025639443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centers for Disease Control Office on Smoking and Health
    • Centers for Disease Control Office on Smoking and Health. Smoking and tobacco use; fact sheet; health effects of cigarette smoking 2017 [Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_effects/effects_cig_smoking/.
    • (2017) Smoking and tobacco use; fact sheet; health effects of cigarette smoking
  • 2
    • 84893235639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The health consequences of smoking—50 years of progress: a report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
    • United States Department of Health and Human Services. The health consequences of smoking—50 years of progress: a report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. 2014.
    • (2014) Office on Smoking and Health
  • 3
    • 85025664036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Tobacco Use: Healthy People 2020. 2017 [Available from: https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/tobacco-use/objectives?topicId=41.
    • (2017) Tobacco Use: Healthy People
  • 5
    • 3042715839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual and contextual influences on adolescent smoking
    • PID: 15251888
    • Turner L, Mermelstein R, Flay B. Individual and contextual influences on adolescent smoking. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004;1021:175–97.
    • (2004) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1021 , pp. 175-197
    • Turner, L.1    Mermelstein, R.2    Flay, B.3
  • 7
    • 0032213472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking initiation in youth: the roles of gender, race, socioeconomics, and developmental status
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2FivFGhtg%3D%3D, PID: 9814387
    • Harrell JS, Bangdiwala SI, Deng S, Webb JP, Bradley C. Smoking initiation in youth: the roles of gender, race, socioeconomics, and developmental status. J Adolesc Health. 1998;23(5):271–9.
    • (1998) J Adolesc Health , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 271-279
    • Harrell, J.S.1    Bangdiwala, S.I.2    Deng, S.3    Webb, J.P.4    Bradley, C.5
  • 9
    • 84922433117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intentions to smoke cigarettes among never-smoking US middle and high school electronic cigarette users: National Youth Tobacco Survey, 2011-2013
    • PID: 25143298
    • Bunnell RE, Agaku IT, Arrazola RA, Apelberg BJ, Caraballo RS, Corey CG, et al. Intentions to smoke cigarettes among never-smoking US middle and high school electronic cigarette users: National Youth Tobacco Survey, 2011-2013. Nicotine Tob Res. 2015;17(2):228–35.
    • (2015) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 228-235
    • Bunnell, R.E.1    Agaku, I.T.2    Arrazola, R.A.3    Apelberg, B.J.4    Caraballo, R.S.5    Corey, C.G.6
  • 10
    • 84940743315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-cigarette use and subsequent tobacco use by adolescents: new evidence about a potential risk of e-cigarettes
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XlsVeiug%3D%3D, PID: 26284717
    • Rigotti NA. E-cigarette use and subsequent tobacco use by adolescents: new evidence about a potential risk of e-cigarettes. JAMA. 2015;314(7):673–4.
    • (2015) JAMA , vol.314 , Issue.7 , pp. 673-674
    • Rigotti, N.A.1
  • 11
    • 84940704298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of electronic cigarette use with initiation of combustible tobacco product smoking in early adolescence
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XlsVegug%3D%3D, PID: 26284721
    • Leventhal AM, Strong DR, Kirkpatrick MG, Unger JB, Sussman S, Riggs NR, et al. Association of electronic cigarette use with initiation of combustible tobacco product smoking in early adolescence. JAMA. 2015;314(7):700–7.
    • (2015) JAMA , vol.314 , Issue.7 , pp. 700-707
    • Leventhal, A.M.1    Strong, D.R.2    Kirkpatrick, M.G.3    Unger, J.B.4    Sussman, S.5    Riggs, N.R.6
  • 12
    • 84899640614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic cigarettes: human health effects
    • PID: 24732161
    • Callahan-Lyon P. Electronic cigarettes: human health effects. Tob Control. 2014;23(Suppl 2):ii36–40.
    • (2014) Tob Control , vol.23 , pp. ii36-ii40
    • Callahan-Lyon, P.1
  • 15
    • 84922022139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Four hundred and sixty brands of e-cigarettes and counting: implications for product regulation
    • PID: 24935895
    • Zhu SH, Sun JY, Bonnevie E, Cummins SE, Gamst A, Yin L, et al. Four hundred and sixty brands of e-cigarettes and counting: implications for product regulation. Tob Control. 2014;23(Suppl 3):iii3–9.
    • (2014) Tob Control , vol.23 , pp. iii3-iii9
    • Zhu, S.H.1    Sun, J.Y.2    Bonnevie, E.3    Cummins, S.E.4    Gamst, A.5    Yin, L.6
  • 16
    • 85025605673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Association of Poison Control Centers. Electronic cigarettes and liquid nicotine data 2016 [Available from: https://aapcc.s3.amazonaws.com/files/library/E-cig__Nicotine_Web_Data_through_02.2016_SUVioCe.pdf.
    • (2016) Electronic cigarettes and liquid nicotine data
  • 18
    • 85025651727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Safety reporting portal 2017 [Available from: https://www.safetyreporting.hhs.gov/fpsr/WorkflowLoginIO.aspx?metinstance=B77EDEE49F21EAE13C6D9F9D07EE496EF40161B1.
    • (2017) Safety reporting portal
  • 19
    • 85025674776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U. S. Food and Drug Administration. Section 1 of the Tobacco Control Act - Public Law 111–31 [H.R. 1256] [Available from: https://www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/Labeling/RulesRegulationsGuidance/ucm261829.htm.
    • Section 1 of the Tobacco Control Act - Public Law
  • 20
    • 84874085718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic nicotine delivery systems: international tobacco control four-country survey
    • PID: 23415116
    • Adkison SE, O'Connor RJ, Bansal-Travers M, Hyland A, Borland R, Yong HH, et al. Electronic nicotine delivery systems: international tobacco control four-country survey. Am J Prev Med. 2013;44(3):207–15.
    • (2013) Am J Prev Med , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 207-215
    • Adkison, S.E.1    O'Connor, R.J.2    Bansal-Travers, M.3    Hyland, A.4    Borland, R.5    Yong, H.H.6
  • 21
    • 85010971988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco-product use by adults and youths in the United States in 2013 and 2014
    • PID: 28121512
    • Kasza KA, Ambrose BK, Conway KP, Borek N, Taylor K, Goniewicz ML, et al. Tobacco-product use by adults and youths in the United States in 2013 and 2014. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(4):342–53.
    • (2017) N Engl J Med , vol.376 , Issue.4 , pp. 342-353
    • Kasza, K.A.1    Ambrose, B.K.2    Conway, K.P.3    Borek, N.4    Taylor, K.5    Goniewicz, M.L.6
  • 22
    • 84985926918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of nicotine in the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on lung development and childhood respiratory disease. Implications for dangers of e-cigarettes
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XpsFOqtrs%3D, PID: 26756937, This study compares the pulmonary effects ofutero nicotine exposureanimal models to the effects ofutero tobacco product exposure identifying important similarities of harm to the respiratory structuresmechanistic functions. This is a key article regarding altered lung physiology due to the harms of tobacconicotine including data on e-cigarettes
    • •• Spindel ER, CT ME. The role of nicotine in the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on lung development and childhood respiratory disease. Implications for dangers of e-cigarettes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016;193(5):486–94. This study compares the pulmonary effects of in utero nicotine exposure in animal models to the effects of in utero tobacco product exposure identifying important similarities of harm to the respiratory structures and mechanistic functions. This is a key article regarding altered lung physiology due to the harms of tobacco and nicotine including data on e-cigarettes.
    • (2016) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.193 , Issue.5 , pp. 486-494
    • Spindel, E.R.1    Ct, M.E.2
  • 23
    • 85025692922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Cancer Society. Health risks of smokeless tobacco 2017 [Available from: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancer-causes/tobacco-and-cancer/smokeless-tobacco.html.
    • (2017) Health risks of smokeless tobacco
  • 24
    • 85025704236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Cancer Society. Is any type of smoking safe? 2017 [Available from: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancer-causes/tobacco-and-cancer/is-any-type-of-smoking-safe.html.
    • (2017) Is any type of smoking safe?
  • 26
    • 0033578558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • March–April 1999
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Bidi use among urban youth—Massachusetts, March–April 1999. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1999;48(36):796–9.
    • (1999) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.48 , Issue.36 , pp. 796-799
  • 27
    • 0033660443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bidi cigarettes: an emerging threat to adolescent health
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M%2Fntlantg%3D%3D, PID: 11115300
    • Yen KL, Hechavarria E, Bostwick SB. Bidi cigarettes: an emerging threat to adolescent health. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154(12):1187–9.
    • (2000) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.154 , Issue.12 , pp. 1187-1189
    • Yen, K.L.1    Hechavarria, E.2    Bostwick, S.B.3
  • 28
    • 2942704026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bidi cigarette use among young adults in 15 states
    • PID: 15208004
    • Delnevo CD, Pevzner ES, Hrywna M, Lewis MJ. Bidi cigarette use among young adults in 15 states. Prev Med. 2004;39(1):207–11.
    • (2004) Prev Med , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 207-211
    • Delnevo, C.D.1    Pevzner, E.S.2    Hrywna, M.3    Lewis, M.J.4
  • 29
    • 0037304390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clove cigarette smoking: biochemical, physiological, and subjective effects
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXkvFaisA%3D%3D, PID: 12543240
    • Malson JL, Lee EM, Murty R, Moolchan ET, Pickworth WB. Clove cigarette smoking: biochemical, physiological, and subjective effects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003;74(3):739–45.
    • (2003) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.74 , Issue.3 , pp. 739-745
    • Malson, J.L.1    Lee, E.M.2    Murty, R.3    Moolchan, E.T.4    Pickworth, W.B.5
  • 30
    • 84987630038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular consequences of childhood secondhand tobacco smoke exposure: prevailing evidence, burden, and racial and socioeconomic disparities: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XhslWhsrrL, PID: 27619923
    • Raghuveer G, White DA, Hayman LL, Woo JG, Villafane J, Celermajer D, et al. Cardiovascular consequences of childhood secondhand tobacco smoke exposure: prevailing evidence, burden, and racial and socioeconomic disparities: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;134(16):e336–e59.
    • (2016) Circulation , vol.134 , Issue.16 , pp. e336-e359
    • Raghuveer, G.1    White, D.A.2    Hayman, L.L.3    Woo, J.G.4    Villafane, J.5    Celermajer, D.6
  • 31
    • 84922443935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vital signs: disparities in nonsmokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke—United States, 1999-2012
    • PID: 25654612
    • Homa DM, Neff LJ, King BA, Caraballo RS, Bunnell RE, Babb SD, et al. Vital signs: disparities in nonsmokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke—United States, 1999-2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015;64(4):103–8.
    • (2015) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.64 , Issue.4 , pp. 103-108
    • Homa, D.M.1    Neff, L.J.2    King, B.A.3    Caraballo, R.S.4    Bunnell, R.E.5    Babb, S.D.6
  • 32
    • 77956646017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vital signs: nonsmokers' exposure to secondhand smoke—United States, 1999–2008
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vital signs: nonsmokers' exposure to secondhand smoke—United States, 1999–2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59(35):1141–6.
    • (2010) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.59 , Issue.35 , pp. 1141-1146
  • 33
    • 84901749101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental tobacco smoke exposure in children aged 3-19 years with and without asthma in the United States
    • 2010
    • Quinto KB, Kit BK, Lukacs SL, Akinbami LJ. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure in children aged 3-19 years with and without asthma in the United States. NCHS Data Brief. 1999-2010;2013(126):1–8.
    • (1999) NCHS Data Brief , vol.2013 , Issue.126 , pp. 1-8
    • Quinto, K.B.1    Kit, B.K.2    Lukacs, S.L.3    Akinbami, L.J.4
  • 34
  • 35
    • 85025597253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mayo Clinic. What is thirdhand smoke, and why is it a concern? 2017 [Available from: http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/expert-answers/third-hand-smoke/faq-20057791.
    • (2017) What is thirdhand smoke, and why is it a concern?
  • 36
    • 84955159224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thirdhand smoke: chemical dynamics, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in outdoor and indoor environments
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XhtlWjsLw%3D, PID: 26689327
    • Bahl V, Shim HJ, Jacob P, Dias K, Schick SF, Talbot P. Thirdhand smoke: chemical dynamics, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in outdoor and indoor environments. Toxicol in Vitro. 2016;32:220–31.
    • (2016) Toxicol in Vitro , vol.32 , pp. 220-231
    • Bahl, V.1    Shim, H.J.2    Jacob, P.3    Dias, K.4    Schick, S.F.5    Talbot, P.6
  • 37
    • 58449088706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal serum cotinine levels for distinguishing cigarette smokers and nonsmokers with different racial/ethnic groups in the United States between 1994 and 2004
    • PID: 19019851
    • Benowitz NL, Bernert JT, Caraballo RS, Holiday DB, Wang J. Optimal serum cotinine levels for distinguishing cigarette smokers and nonsmokers with different racial/ethnic groups in the United States between 1994 and 2004. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;169(2):236–48.
    • (2009) Am J Epidemiol , vol.169 , Issue.2 , pp. 236-248
    • Benowitz, N.L.1    Bernert, J.T.2    Caraballo, R.S.3    Holiday, D.B.4    Wang, J.5
  • 38
    • 84944231940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A report of the Surgeon General: how tobacco smoke causes disease: what it means to you.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. A report of the Surgeon General: how tobacco smoke causes disease: what it means to you.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. 2010.
    • (2010) Office on Smoking and Health
  • 39
    • 84904795930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and brain development: the case of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXosVGisLg%3D, PID: 23545330, This review article identifiesdescribes key cellularstructural disruptionsthe neurological systemepigenetic influenceschildren exposed to secondhand smokeresulting executive function impairmentsattention deficithyperactivity disorder
    • •• Pagani LS. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and brain development: the case of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014;44:195–205. This review article identifies and describes key cellular and structural disruptions in the neurological system and epigenetic influences in children exposed to secondhand smoke and resulting executive function impairments and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.
    • (2014) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.44 , pp. 195-205
    • Pagani, L.S.1
  • 40
    • 84860392528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of smoking cessation counselling in pregnant women: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC3Mbpt1yqtQ%3D%3D, PID: 21880109
    • Filion KB, Abenhaim HA, Mottillo S, Joseph L, Gervais A, O'Loughlin J, et al. The effect of smoking cessation counselling in pregnant women: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BJOG. 2011;118(12):1422–8.
    • (2011) BJOG , vol.118 , Issue.12 , pp. 1422-1428
    • Filion, K.B.1    Abenhaim, H.A.2    Mottillo, S.3    Joseph, L.4    Gervais, A.5    O'Loughlin, J.6
  • 41
    • 77149161716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation during pregnancy: a systematic literature review
    • PID: 20078687
    • Schneider S, Huy C, Schütz J, Diehl K. Smoking cessation during pregnancy: a systematic literature review. Drug Alcohol Rev. 2010;29(1):81–90.
    • (2010) Drug Alcohol Rev , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-90
    • Schneider, S.1    Huy, C.2    Schütz, J.3    Diehl, K.4
  • 42
    • 85025650167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Pregnancy Association. Smoking during pregnancy 2017 [Available from: http://americanpregnancy.org/pregnancy-health/smoking-during-pregnancy/.
    • (2017) Smoking during pregnancy
  • 43
    • 71749117733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of self reported smoking status by pregnant women for estimating smoking prevalence: a retrospective, cross sectional study
    • PID: 19875845
    • Shipton D, Tappin DM, Vadiveloo T, Crossley JA, Aitken DA, Chalmers J. Reliability of self reported smoking status by pregnant women for estimating smoking prevalence: a retrospective, cross sectional study. BMJ. 2009;339:b4347.
    • (2009) BMJ , vol.339 , pp. b4347
    • Shipton, D.1    Tappin, D.M.2    Vadiveloo, T.3    Crossley, J.A.4    Aitken, D.A.5    Chalmers, J.6
  • 45
    • 77949836800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First trimester maternal tobacco smoking habits and fetal growth
    • PID: 20335293
    • Prabhu N, Smith N, Campbell D, Craig LC, Seaton A, Helms PJ, et al. First trimester maternal tobacco smoking habits and fetal growth. Thorax. 2010;65(3):235–40.
    • (2010) Thorax , vol.65 , Issue.3 , pp. 235-240
    • Prabhu, N.1    Smith, N.2    Campbell, D.3    Craig, L.C.4    Seaton, A.5    Helms, P.J.6
  • 46
    • 84874047674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of smoking exposure change on infant birth weight among a cohort of women in a prenatal smoking cessation study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXivVGlurk%3D, PID: 22990216
    • Benjamin-Garner R, Stotts A. Impact of smoking exposure change on infant birth weight among a cohort of women in a prenatal smoking cessation study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2013;15(3):685–92.
    • (2013) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 685-692
    • Benjamin-Garner, R.1    Stotts, A.2
  • 47
    • 85014119533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking-induced changes in the maternal immune, endocrine, and metabolic pathways and their impact on fetal growth: a topical review
    • PID: 28249267
    • Sabra S, Gratacós E, Gómez Roig MD. Smoking-induced changes in the maternal immune, endocrine, and metabolic pathways and their impact on fetal growth: a topical review. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2017;41(4):241–50.
    • (2017) Fetal Diagn Ther , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 241-250
    • Sabra, S.1    Gratacós, E.2    Gómez Roig, M.D.3
  • 48
    • 79952989456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of tobacco smoking during pregnancy on plasma oxidant and antioxidant status in mother and newborn
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXjs1WrsLY%3D, PID: 21216085
    • Chelchowska M, Ambroszkiewicz J, Gajewska J, Laskowska-Klita T, Leibschang J. The effect of tobacco smoking during pregnancy on plasma oxidant and antioxidant status in mother and newborn. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011;155(2):132–6.
    • (2011) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol , vol.155 , Issue.2 , pp. 132-136
    • Chelchowska, M.1    Ambroszkiewicz, J.2    Gajewska, J.3    Laskowska-Klita, T.4    Leibschang, J.5
  • 49
    • 84870358598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and infertility: a committee opinion
    • The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Smoking and infertility: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril. 2012;98(6):1400–6.
    • (2012) Fertil Steril , vol.98 , Issue.6 , pp. 1400-1406
  • 50
    • 84896953923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of miscarriage and maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy
    • PID: 24518810
    • Pineles BL, Park E, Samet JM. Systematic review and meta-analysis of miscarriage and maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol. 2014;179(7):807–23.
    • (2014) Am J Epidemiol , vol.179 , Issue.7 , pp. 807-823
    • Pineles, B.L.1    Park, E.2    Samet, J.M.3
  • 52
    • 0026035479 scopus 로고
    • Tobacco smoke exposure and pregnancy outcome among working women. A prospective study at prenatal care centers in Orebro County, Sweden
    • PID: 1994696
    • Ahlborg G Jr, Bodin L. Tobacco smoke exposure and pregnancy outcome among working women. A prospective study at prenatal care centers in Orebro County, Sweden. Am J Epidemiol. 1991;133(4):338–47.
    • (1991) Am J Epidemiol , vol.133 , Issue.4 , pp. 338-347
    • Ahlborg, G.1    Bodin, L.2
  • 54
    • 33750114896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of preterm birth to infant mortality rates in the United States
    • PID: 17015548
    • Callaghan WM, MacDorman MF, Rasmussen SA, Qin C, Lackritz EM. The contribution of preterm birth to infant mortality rates in the United States. Pediatrics. 2006;118(4):1566–73.
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.118 , Issue.4 , pp. 1566-1573
    • Callaghan, W.M.1    MacDorman, M.F.2    Rasmussen, S.A.3    Qin, C.4    Lackritz, E.M.5
  • 56
    • 84992154174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal tobacco use and extremely premature birth—a population-based cohort study
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC2s3gsFWnsg%3D%3D, PID: 27411948
    • Dahlin S, Gunnerbeck A, Wikström AK, Cnattingius S, Edstedt Bonamy AK. Maternal tobacco use and extremely premature birth—a population-based cohort study. BJOG. 2016;123(12):1938–46.
    • (2016) BJOG , vol.123 , Issue.12 , pp. 1938-1946
    • Dahlin, S.1    Gunnerbeck, A.2    Wikström, A.K.3    Cnattingius, S.4    Edstedt Bonamy, A.K.5
  • 57
    • 80051925984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal smoking in pregnancy and birth defects: a systematic review based on 173 687 malformed cases and 11.7 million controls
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtVyntr3F, PID: 21747128
    • Hackshaw A, Rodeck C, Boniface S. Maternal smoking in pregnancy and birth defects: a systematic review based on 173 687 malformed cases and 11.7 million controls. Hum Reprod Update. 2011;17(5):589–604.
    • (2011) Hum Reprod Update , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 589-604
    • Hackshaw, A.1    Rodeck, C.2    Boniface, S.3
  • 58
    • 84928959347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of congenital heart defects in the offspring of smoking mothers: a population-based study
    • PID: 25578997
    • Sullivan PM, Dervan LA, Reiger S, Buddhe S, Schwartz SM. Risk of congenital heart defects in the offspring of smoking mothers: a population-based study. J Pediatr. 2015;166(4):978–84.e2.
    • (2015) J Pediatr , vol.166 , Issue.4 , pp. 978-984
    • Sullivan, P.M.1    Dervan, L.A.2    Reiger, S.3    Buddhe, S.4    Schwartz, S.M.5
  • 60
    • 74549186533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal smoking during pregnancy and regional brain volumes in preterm infants
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXpslCktA%3D%3D, PID: 19818449
    • Ekblad M, Korkeila J, Parkkola R, Lapinleimu H, Haataja L, Lehtonen L, et al. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and regional brain volumes in preterm infants. J Pediatr. 2010;156(2):185–90.e1.
    • (2010) J Pediatr , vol.156 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-190
    • Ekblad, M.1    Korkeila, J.2    Parkkola, R.3    Lapinleimu, H.4    Haataja, L.5    Lehtonen, L.6
  • 62
    • 84872861501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired cough sensitivity in children of smokers
    • PID: 22904107
    • Wise PM, Mennella JA, Finkbeiner S. Impaired cough sensitivity in children of smokers. Nicotine Tob Res. 2013;15(2):603–7.
    • (2013) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 603-607
    • Wise, P.M.1    Mennella, J.A.2    Finkbeiner, S.3
  • 63
    • 85025578069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
    • American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. Secondhand smoke and children 2017 [Available from: http://www.entnet.org/content/secondhand-smoke-and-children.
    • (2017) Secondhand smoke and children
  • 64
    • 84958074493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of tobacco smoke and nicotine exposure on lung development
    • PID: 26502117, This review article presents recent findings on the impact of tobacco useexposure on lung developmentexamines pathophysiology as well as alterationsDNA methylationadverse outcomes such as asthma that continue along the child growth continuum
    • •• Gibbs K, Collaco JM, McGrath-Morrow SA. Impact of tobacco smoke and nicotine exposure on lung development. Chest. 2016;149(2):552–61. This review article presents recent findings on the impact of tobacco use and exposure on lung development and examines pathophysiology as well as alterations in DNA methylation and adverse outcomes such as asthma that continue along the child growth continuum.
    • (2016) Chest , vol.149 , Issue.2 , pp. 552-561
    • Gibbs, K.1    Collaco, J.M.2    McGrath-Morrow, S.A.3
  • 65
    • 84944231940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The health consequences of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke: a report of the Surgeon General.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The health consequences of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke: a report of the Surgeon General.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. 2006.
    • (2006) Office on Smoking and Health
  • 66
    • 79151479184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Worldwide burden of disease from exposure to second-hand smoke: a retrospective analysis of data from 192 countries
    • PID: 21112082
    • Oberg M, Jaakkola MS, Woodward A, Peruga A, Prüss-Ustün A. Worldwide burden of disease from exposure to second-hand smoke: a retrospective analysis of data from 192 countries. Lancet. 2011;377(9760):139–46.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , Issue.9760 , pp. 139-146
    • Oberg, M.1    Jaakkola, M.S.2    Woodward, A.3    Peruga, A.4    Prüss-Ustün, A.5
  • 67
    • 0028215027 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory health effects of passive smoking: EPA’s weight-of-evidence analysis
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3kvVentg%3D%3D, PID: 7730859, discussion 51-3
    • Jinot J, Bayard S. Respiratory health effects of passive smoking: EPA’s weight-of-evidence analysis. J Clin Epidemiol. 1994;47(4):339–49. discussion 51-3
    • (1994) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.47 , Issue.4 , pp. 339-349
    • Jinot, J.1    Bayard, S.2
  • 68
    • 84951044314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure increases hospitalizations for bronchiolitis in infants
    • PID: 26695759
    • Lanari M, Vandini S, Adorni F, Prinelli F, Di Santo S, Silvestri M, et al. Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure increases hospitalizations for bronchiolitis in infants. Respir Res. 2015;16:152.
    • (2015) Respir Res , vol.16 , pp. 152
    • Lanari, M.1    Vandini, S.2    Adorni, F.3    Prinelli, F.4    Di Santo, S.5    Silvestri, M.6
  • 69
    • 84885833290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined effects of parental and active smoking on early lung function deficits: a prospective study from birth to age 26 years
    • PID: 23847259
    • Guerra S, Stern DA, Zhou M, Sherrill DL, Wright AL, Morgan WJ, et al. Combined effects of parental and active smoking on early lung function deficits: a prospective study from birth to age 26 years. Thorax. 2013;68(11):1021–8.
    • (2013) Thorax , vol.68 , Issue.11 , pp. 1021-1028
    • Guerra, S.1    Stern, D.A.2    Zhou, M.3    Sherrill, D.L.4    Wright, A.L.5    Morgan, W.J.6
  • 70
    • 84859418650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal and passive smoke exposure and incidence of asthma and wheeze: systematic review and meta-analysis
    • PID: 22430451
    • Burke H, Leonardi-Bee J, Hashim A, Pine-Abata H, Chen Y, Cook DG, et al. Prenatal and passive smoke exposure and incidence of asthma and wheeze: systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2012;129(4):735–44.
    • (2012) Pediatrics , vol.129 , Issue.4 , pp. 735-744
    • Burke, H.1    Leonardi-Bee, J.2    Hashim, A.3    Pine-Abata, H.4    Chen, Y.5    Cook, D.G.6
  • 71
    • 69749118679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal smoking during and after pregnancy and lung function in early adulthood: a prospective study
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1MrosleksA%3D%3D, PID: 19525264
    • Hayatbakhsh MR, Sadasivam S, Mamun AA, Najman JM, Williams GM, O'Callaghan MJ. Maternal smoking during and after pregnancy and lung function in early adulthood: a prospective study. Thorax. 2009;64(9):810–4.
    • (2009) Thorax , vol.64 , Issue.9 , pp. 810-814
    • Hayatbakhsh, M.R.1    Sadasivam, S.2    Mamun, A.A.3    Najman, J.M.4    Williams, G.M.5    O'Callaghan, M.J.6
  • 72
    • 84887061226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early lung development: lifelong effect on respiratory health and disease
    • PID: 24429276
    • Stocks J, Hislop A, Sonnappa S. Early lung development: lifelong effect on respiratory health and disease. Lancet Respir Med. 2013;1(9):728–42.
    • (2013) Lancet Respir Med , vol.1 , Issue.9 , pp. 728-742
    • Stocks, J.1    Hislop, A.2    Sonnappa, S.3
  • 73
    • 84901640278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin C supplementation for pregnant smoking women and pulmonary function in their newborn infants: a randomized clinical trial
    • PID: 24838476
    • McEvoy CT, Schilling D, Clay N, Jackson K, Go MD, Spitale P, et al. Vitamin C supplementation for pregnant smoking women and pulmonary function in their newborn infants: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014;311(20):2074–82.
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.311 , Issue.20 , pp. 2074-2082
    • McEvoy, C.T.1    Schilling, D.2    Clay, N.3    Jackson, K.4    Go, M.D.5    Spitale, P.6
  • 74
    • 34249897755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal asthma and maternal smoking are associated with increased risk of bronchiolitis during infancy
    • PID: 17545377
    • Carroll KN, Gebretsadik T, Griffin MR, Dupont WD, Mitchel EF, Wu P, et al. Maternal asthma and maternal smoking are associated with increased risk of bronchiolitis during infancy. Pediatrics. 2007;119(6):1104–12.
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.119 , Issue.6 , pp. 1104-1112
    • Carroll, K.N.1    Gebretsadik, T.2    Griffin, M.R.3    Dupont, W.D.4    Mitchel, E.F.5    Wu, P.6
  • 75
    • 84871783304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of maternal smoking during pregnancy with infant hospitalization and mortality due to infectious diseases
    • PID: 22929173
    • Metzger MJ, Halperin AC, Manhart LE, Hawes SE. Association of maternal smoking during pregnancy with infant hospitalization and mortality due to infectious diseases. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013;32(1):e1–7.
    • (2013) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. e1-e7
    • Metzger, M.J.1    Halperin, A.C.2    Manhart, L.E.3    Hawes, S.E.4
  • 76
    • 84907933375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of allergic sensitisation in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • PID: 24958794
    • Feleszko W, Ruszczyński M, Jaworska J, Strzelak A, Zalewski BM, Kulus M. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of allergic sensitisation in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child. 2014;99(11):985–92.
    • (2014) Arch Dis Child , vol.99 , Issue.11 , pp. 985-992
    • Feleszko, W.1    Ruszczyński, M.2    Jaworska, J.3    Strzelak, A.4    Zalewski, B.M.5    Kulus, M.6
  • 77
    • 0032980282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and atherosclerosis in youth
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjtl2qs7k%3D, PID: 10407501
    • Zieske AW, Takei H, Fallon KB, Strong JP. Smoking and atherosclerosis in youth. Atherosclerosis. 1999;144(2):403–8.
    • (1999) Atherosclerosis , vol.144 , Issue.2 , pp. 403-408
    • Zieske, A.W.1    Takei, H.2    Fallon, K.B.3    Strong, J.P.4
  • 78
    • 33645004867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of smoking, smoking cessation, and passive smoke exposure on common laboratory values in clinical settings: a review of the evidence
    • PID: 16546009, xii
    • Andrews JO, Tingen MS. The effect of smoking, smoking cessation, and passive smoke exposure on common laboratory values in clinical settings: a review of the evidence. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2006;18(1):63–9. xii
    • (2006) Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-69
    • Andrews, J.O.1    Tingen, M.S.2
  • 79
    • 84927629013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondhand smoke exposure and endothelial stress in children and adolescents
    • PID: 25306212
    • Groner JA, Huang H, Nagaraja H, Kuck J, Bauer JA. Secondhand smoke exposure and endothelial stress in children and adolescents. Acad Pediatr. 2015;15(1):54–60.
    • (2015) Acad Pediatr , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 54-60
    • Groner, J.A.1    Huang, H.2    Nagaraja, H.3    Kuck, J.4    Bauer, J.A.5
  • 80
    • 84858707677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental smoking in childhood and brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation in young adults: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study and the childhood determinants of adult health study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjslensb4%3D, PID: 22345167
    • Juonala M, Magnussen CG, Venn A, Gall S, Kahonen M, Laitinen T, et al. Parental smoking in childhood and brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation in young adults: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study and the childhood determinants of adult health study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2012;32(4):1024–31.
    • (2012) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 1024-1031
    • Juonala, M.1    Magnussen, C.G.2    Venn, A.3    Gall, S.4    Kahonen, M.5    Laitinen, T.6
  • 82
    • 84879927342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondhand smoke exposure is associated with proteinuria in children with chronic kidney disease
    • PID: 23584848
    • Omoloja A, Jerry-Fluker J, Ng DK, Abraham AG, Furth S, Warady BA, et al. Secondhand smoke exposure is associated with proteinuria in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2013;28(8):1243–51.
    • (2013) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.28 , Issue.8 , pp. 1243-1251
    • Omoloja, A.1    Jerry-Fluker, J.2    Ng, D.K.3    Abraham, A.G.4    Furth, S.5    Warady, B.A.6
  • 83
    • 84939566119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal smoke exposure and kidney outcomes in school-aged children
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXitFClur0%3D, PID: 25641064
    • Kooijman MN, Bakker H, Franco OH, Hofman A, Taal HR, Jaddoe VW. Fetal smoke exposure and kidney outcomes in school-aged children. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015;66(3):412–20.
    • (2015) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 412-420
    • Kooijman, M.N.1    Bakker, H.2    Franco, O.H.3    Hofman, A.4    Taal, H.R.5    Jaddoe, V.W.6
  • 84
    • 85025586809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The health consequences of smoking: a report of the Surgeon General
    • U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. The health consequences of smoking: a report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta GA. 2004.
    • (2004) Atlanta GA
  • 85
    • 84884145100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco smoke exposure and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemias by cytogenetic subtype
    • Metayer C, Zhang L, Wiemels JL, Bartley K, Schiffman J, Ma X, et al. Tobacco smoke exposure and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemias by cytogenetic subtype. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. 2013;22(9):1600–11.
    • (2013) Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev , vol.22 , Issue.9 , pp. 1600-1611
    • Metayer, C.1    Zhang, L.2    Wiemels, J.L.3    Bartley, K.4    Schiffman, J.5    Ma, X.6
  • 87
    • 17544396718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of childhood cancer and adult lung cancer after childhood exposure to passive smoke: a meta-analysis
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FovVOlsQ%3D%3D, PID: 10620527
    • Boffetta P, Tredaniel J, Greco A. Risk of childhood cancer and adult lung cancer after childhood exposure to passive smoke: a meta-analysis. Environ Health Perspect. 2000;108(1):73–82.
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-82
    • Boffetta, P.1    Tredaniel, J.2    Greco, A.3
  • 88
    • 84995640038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondhand smoke is an important modifiable risk factor in sickle cell disease: a review of the current literature and areas for future research
    • Sadreameli SC, Kopp BT, Creary SE, Eakin MN, McGrath-Morrow S, Strouse JJ
    • Sadreameli SC, Kopp BT, Creary SE, Eakin MN, McGrath-Morrow S, Strouse JJ. Secondhand smoke is an important modifiable risk factor in sickle cell disease: a review of the current literature and areas for future research. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(11).
    • Int J Environ Res Public Health.
  • 89
    • 84959101012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondhand smoke is associated with more frequent hospitalizations in children with sickle cell disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28Xjt1ymt7Y%3D, PID: 26690323
    • Sadreameli SC, Eakin MN, Robinson KT, Alade RO, Strouse JJ. Secondhand smoke is associated with more frequent hospitalizations in children with sickle cell disease. Am J Hematol. 2016;91(3):313–7.
    • (2016) Am J Hematol , vol.91 , Issue.3 , pp. 313-317
    • Sadreameli, S.C.1    Eakin, M.N.2    Robinson, K.T.3    Alade, R.O.4    Strouse, J.J.5
  • 90
    • 84885106036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental tobacco smoke and airway obstruction in children with sickle cell anemia
    • PID: 23681054
    • Cohen RT, Strunk RC, Field JJ, Rosen CL, Kirkham FJ, Redline S, et al. Environmental tobacco smoke and airway obstruction in children with sickle cell anemia. Chest. 2013;144(4):1323–9.
    • (2013) Chest , vol.144 , Issue.4 , pp. 1323-1329
    • Cohen, R.T.1    Strunk, R.C.2    Field, J.J.3    Rosen, C.L.4    Kirkham, F.J.5    Redline, S.6
  • 91
    • 84985916204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are active and passive smoking associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents? The CASPIAN-III Study. Paediatr Int Child Health
    • confirmed active tobacco use and tobacco smoke exposure place children at increased risk of metabolic syndrome and specific cardio-metabolic risks factors Kelishadi R, Noori A, Qorbani M, Rahimzadeh S, Djalalinia S, Shafiee G, et al
    • •• Kelishadi R, Noori A, Qorbani M, Rahimzadeh S, Djalalinia S, Shafiee G, et al. Are active and passive smoking associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents? The CASPIAN-III Study. Paediatr Int Child Health. 2016:1–8. This study represents the third surveillance assessment of a large sample of Iranian children and youth (ages 10–18) and confirmed active tobacco use and tobacco smoke exposure place children at increased risk of metabolic syndrome and specific cardio-metabolic risks factors.
    • This study represents the third surveillance assessment of a large sample of Iranian children and youth
  • 92
    • 23844555576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco smoke exposure is associated with the metabolic syndrome in adolescents
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmvVKrtb8%3D, PID: 16061737
    • Weitzman M, Cook S, Auinger P, Florin TA, Daniels S, Nguyen M, et al. Tobacco smoke exposure is associated with the metabolic syndrome in adolescents. Circulation. 2005;112(6):862–9.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , Issue.6 , pp. 862-869
    • Weitzman, M.1    Cook, S.2    Auinger, P.3    Florin, T.A.4    Daniels, S.5    Nguyen, M.6
  • 93
    • 84926059136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal cohort study of body mass index and childhood exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and air pollution: the Southern California Children’s health study
    • PID: 25389275
    • McConnell R, Shen E, Gilliland FD, Jerrett M, Wolch J, Chang CC, et al. A longitudinal cohort study of body mass index and childhood exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and air pollution: the Southern California Children’s health study. Environ Health Perspect. 2015;123(4):360–6.
    • (2015) Environ Health Perspect , vol.123 , Issue.4 , pp. 360-366
    • McConnell, R.1    Shen, E.2    Gilliland, F.D.3    Jerrett, M.4    Wolch, J.5    Chang, C.C.6
  • 94
    • 84962267537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive smoke exposure and its effects on cognition, sleep, and health outcomes in overweight and obese children
    • PID: 26812049, This study examined the effects of passive smoke exposure (PSE) on adiposity, cognition,sleepoverweightobese children using an objective measure of PSE. Children with passive smoke exposure had greater overallcentral adiposity than their non-exposed peersPSE was also linked to poorer cognitive scores independent of adiposity. PSE was not related to sleep-disordered breathing, prediabetes, insulin resistance, or visceral fat
    • • Davis CL, Tingen MS, Jia J, Sherman F, Williams CF, Bhavsar K, et al. Passive smoke exposure and its effects on cognition, sleep, and health outcomes in overweight and obese children. Child Obes. 2016;12(2):119–25. This study examined the effects of passive smoke exposure (PSE) on adiposity, cognition, and sleep in overweight and obese children using an objective measure of PSE. Children with passive smoke exposure had greater overall and central adiposity than their non-exposed peers and PSE was also linked to poorer cognitive scores independent of adiposity. PSE was not related to sleep-disordered breathing, prediabetes, insulin resistance, or visceral fat.
    • (2016) Child Obes , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 119-125
    • Davis, C.L.1    Tingen, M.S.2    Jia, J.3    Sherman, F.4    Williams, C.F.5    Bhavsar, K.6
  • 95
    • 84909943882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic interaction between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and environmental tobacco smoke on the risk of obesity in children and adolescents: the U.S. National Health and nutrition examination survey 2003-2008
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhsFalsbzN, PID: 25462685
    • Kim HW, Kam S, Lee DH. Synergistic interaction between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and environmental tobacco smoke on the risk of obesity in children and adolescents: the U.S. National Health and nutrition examination survey 2003-2008. Environ Res. 2014;135:354–60.
    • (2014) Environ Res , vol.135 , pp. 354-360
    • Kim, H.W.1    Kam, S.2    Lee, D.H.3
  • 96
    • 84876978259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children exposed to secondhand smoke: a logistic regression analysis of secondary data
    • PID: 23107006
    • Max W, Sung HY, Shi Y. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children exposed to secondhand smoke: a logistic regression analysis of secondary data. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;50(6):797–806.
    • (2013) Int J Nurs Stud , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 797-806
    • Max, W.1    Sung, H.Y.2    Shi, Y.3
  • 97
    • 84883777750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is exposure to secondhand smoke associated with cognitive parameters of children and adolescents?—a systematic literature review
    • PID: 23969303
    • Chen R, Clifford A, Lang L, Anstey KJ. Is exposure to secondhand smoke associated with cognitive parameters of children and adolescents?—a systematic literature review. Ann Epidemiol. 2013;23(10):652–61.
    • (2013) Ann Epidemiol , vol.23 , Issue.10 , pp. 652-661
    • Chen, R.1    Clifford, A.2    Lang, L.3    Anstey, K.J.4
  • 98
    • 84982136622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and ADHD: an examination of prognostically relevant smoking behaviors among adolescents and young adults
    • PID: 27824233
    • Rhodes JD, Pelham WE, Gnagy EM, Shiffman S, Derefinko KJ, Molina BS. Cigarette smoking and ADHD: an examination of prognostically relevant smoking behaviors among adolescents and young adults. Psychol Addict Behav. 2016;30(5):588–600.
    • (2016) Psychol Addict Behav , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 588-600
    • Rhodes, J.D.1    Pelham, W.E.2    Gnagy, E.M.3    Shiffman, S.4    Derefinko, K.J.5    Molina, B.S.6
  • 99
    • 84879380755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of nicotine dependence and depressive symptoms on smoking cessation: a longitudinal study among adolescents
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXpsFKitLg%3D, PID: 23231824
    • Scherphof CS, van den Eijnden RJ, Harakeh Z, Raaijmakers QA, Kleinjan M, Engels RC, et al. Effects of nicotine dependence and depressive symptoms on smoking cessation: a longitudinal study among adolescents. Nicotine Tob Res. 2013;15(7):1222–9.
    • (2013) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.15 , Issue.7 , pp. 1222-1229
    • Scherphof, C.S.1    van den Eijnden, R.J.2    Harakeh, Z.3    Raaijmakers, Q.A.4    Kleinjan, M.5    Engels, R.C.6
  • 100
    • 85025606955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performing preventive services: a bright futures handbook
    • American Academy of Pediatrics. Performing preventive services: a bright futures handbook [Available from: https://brightfutures.aap.org/Bright Futures Documents/Anticipatory Guidance.pdf.
  • 101
    • 84907189233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health care provider advice for adolescent tobacco use: results from the 2011 National Youth Tobacco Survey
    • PID: 25136037
    • Schauer GL, Agaku IT, King BA, Malarcher AM. Health care provider advice for adolescent tobacco use: results from the 2011 National Youth Tobacco Survey. Pediatrics. 2014;134(3):446–55.
    • (2014) Pediatrics , vol.134 , Issue.3 , pp. 446-455
    • Schauer, G.L.1    Agaku, I.T.2    King, B.A.3    Malarcher, A.M.4
  • 102
    • 84927764142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-of-the-art office-based interventions to eliminate youth tobacco use: the past decade
    • PID: 25780075
    • Pbert L, Farber H, Horn K, Lando HA, Muramoto M, O'Loughlin J, et al. State-of-the-art office-based interventions to eliminate youth tobacco use: the past decade. Pediatrics. 2015;135(4):734–47.
    • (2015) Pediatrics , vol.135 , Issue.4 , pp. 734-747
    • Pbert, L.1    Farber, H.2    Horn, K.3    Lando, H.A.4    Muramoto, M.5    O'Loughlin, J.6
  • 103
    • 47549112072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating tobacco use and dependence:
    • Rockville: MD
    • Tobacco use and dependence guideline panel. Treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 Update. In: 7 USDoHaHSM, editor. Rockville, MD. 2008.
    • (2008) Update. In: 7 USDoHaHSM, editor , pp. 2008
  • 104
    • 42949083812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a pediatric practice-based smoking prevention and cessation intervention for adolescents: a randomized, controlled trial
    • PID: 18381502
    • Pbert L, Flint AJ, Fletcher KE, Young MH, Druker S, DiFranza JR. Effect of a pediatric practice-based smoking prevention and cessation intervention for adolescents: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2008;121(4):e738–47.
    • (2008) Pediatrics , vol.121 , Issue.4 , pp. e738-e747
    • Pbert, L.1    Flint, A.J.2    Fletcher, K.E.3    Young, M.H.4    Druker, S.5    DiFranza, J.R.6
  • 105
    • 84865410837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrative review of adolescent smoking cessation using the transtheoretical model of change
    • PID: 22920775
    • Robinson LM, Vail SR. An integrative review of adolescent smoking cessation using the transtheoretical model of change. J Pediatr Health Care. 2012;26(5):336–45.
    • (2012) J Pediatr Health Care , vol.26 , Issue.5 , pp. 336-345
    • Robinson, L.M.1    Vail, S.R.2
  • 107
    • 84866277336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical effort against secondhand smoke exposure (CEASE) intervention: a decade of lessons learned
    • PID: 24379645
    • Winickoff JP, Hipple B, Drehmer J, Nabi E, Hall N, Ossip DJ, et al. The clinical effort against secondhand smoke exposure (CEASE) intervention: a decade of lessons learned. J Clin Outcomes Manag. 2012;19(9):414–9.
    • (2012) J Clin Outcomes Manag , vol.19 , Issue.9 , pp. 414-419
    • Winickoff, J.P.1    Hipple, B.2    Drehmer, J.3    Nabi, E.4    Hall, N.5    Ossip, D.J.6
  • 108
    • 0034294548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental tobacco smoke exposure among urban children
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3cvmslaltg%3D%3D, PID: 11015542
    • Hopper JA, Craig KA. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure among urban children. Pediatrics. 2000;106(4):E47.
    • (2000) Pediatrics , vol.106 , Issue.4 , pp. E47
    • Hopper, J.A.1    Craig, K.A.2
  • 109
    • 84874635876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care-relevant interventions for tobacco use prevention and cessation in children and adolescents: a systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services task force
    • PID: 23229625
    • Patnode CD, O'Connor E, Whitlock EP, Perdue LA, Soh C, Hollis J. Primary care-relevant interventions for tobacco use prevention and cessation in children and adolescents: a systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services task force. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158(4):253–60.
    • (2013) Ann Intern Med , vol.158 , Issue.4 , pp. 253-260
    • Patnode, C.D.1    O'Connor, E.2    Whitlock, E.P.3    Perdue, L.A.4    Soh, C.5    Hollis, J.6
  • 110
    • 84973299037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco use disorder: a family disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XosFarur0%3D, PID: 26900668, This clinical case study presents three generations impacted simultaneously by tobacco use and/or exposurediscusses practical approaches to assist with cessationpromote healthier outcomes for each family member
    • • DiFranza JR, Bhuvaneswar C, Jolicoeur D, Tanski SE, Winickoff J. Tobacco use disorder: a family disease. J Addict Med. 2016;10(3):143–7. This clinical case study presents three generations impacted simultaneously by tobacco use and/or exposure and discusses practical approaches to assist with cessation and promote healthier outcomes for each family member.
    • (2016) J Addict Med , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 143-147
    • DiFranza, J.R.1    Bhuvaneswar, C.2    Jolicoeur, D.3    Tanski, S.E.4    Winickoff, J.5
  • 111
    • 85025674226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intergenerational transmission of tobacco habit: role of parents and the family
    • PID: 27843844
    • Dwivedi S, Pathak R, Agarwalla R, Ali W. The intergenerational transmission of tobacco habit: role of parents and the family. J Family Med Prim Care. 2016;5(2):373–7.
    • (2016) J Family Med Prim Care , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 373-377
    • Dwivedi, S.1    Pathak, R.2    Agarwalla, R.3    Ali, W.4
  • 112
    • 84901837530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental smoking exposure and adolescent smoking trajectories
    • PID: 24819567
    • Mays D, Gilman SE, Rende R, Luta G, Tercyak KP, Niaura RS. Parental smoking exposure and adolescent smoking trajectories. Pediatrics. 2014;133(6):983–91.
    • (2014) Pediatrics , vol.133 , Issue.6 , pp. 983-991
    • Mays, D.1    Gilman, S.E.2    Rende, R.3    Luta, G.4    Tercyak, K.P.5    Niaura, R.S.6
  • 114
    • 84873244081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamic role of parental influences in preventing adolescent smoking initiation
    • PID: 23380496
    • Mahabee-Gittens EM, Xiao Y, Gordon JS, Khoury JC. The dynamic role of parental influences in preventing adolescent smoking initiation. Addict Behav. 2013;38(4):1905–11.
    • (2013) Addict Behav , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 1905-1911
    • Mahabee-Gittens, E.M.1    Xiao, Y.2    Gordon, J.S.3    Khoury, J.C.4
  • 115
    • 84879005358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of household socialization on youth susceptibility to smoke: differences between youth age groups and trends over time
    • PID: 23678907
    • Schultz AS, Nowatzki J, Ronson G. Effects of household socialization on youth susceptibility to smoke: differences between youth age groups and trends over time. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(7):e39–42.
    • (2013) Am J Public Health , vol.103 , Issue.7 , pp. e39-e42
    • Schultz, A.S.1    Nowatzki, J.2    Ronson, G.3
  • 116
    • 0034625865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between household and workplace smoking restrictions and adolescent smoking
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3czpslOhsA%3D%3D, PID: 10927780
    • Farkas AJGE, White MM, Pierce JP. Association between household and workplace smoking restrictions and adolescent smoking. JAMA. 2000;284:717–22.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 717-722
    • Farkas, A.J.G.E.1    White, M.M.2    Pierce, J.P.3
  • 117
    • 0035258670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations regarding interventions to reduce tobacco use and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke
    • Task Force on Community Preventive Services. Recommendations regarding interventions to reduce tobacco use and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Am J Prev Med. 2001;20(2 Suppl):10–5.
    • (2001) Am J Prev Med , vol.20 , pp. 10-15
  • 118
    • 84934301429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family-based programmes for preventing smoking by children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev
    • children and youth provides evidence of program effectiveness on reducing experimentation and initiation
    • • Thomas RE, Baker PR, Thomas BC, Lorenzetti DL. Family-based programmes for preventing smoking by children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(2):CD004493. This systematic and meta-analysis of family-based interventions aimed at tobacco prevention in children and youth provides evidence of program effectiveness on reducing experimentation and initiation.
    • This systematic and meta-analysis of family-based interventions aimed at tobacco prevention
    • Thomas, R.E.1    Baker, P.R.2    Thomas, B.C.3    Lorenzetti, D.L.4
  • 120
    • 0033210611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of developmentally appropriate programs for adolescent tobacco cessation
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FhtFGquw%3D%3D, PID: 10544364
    • Coleman-Wallace D, Lee JW, Montgomery S, Blix G, Wang DT. Evaluation of developmentally appropriate programs for adolescent tobacco cessation. J Sch Health. 1999;69(8):314–9.
    • (1999) J Sch Health , vol.69 , Issue.8 , pp. 314-319
    • Coleman-Wallace, D.1    Lee, J.W.2    Montgomery, S.3    Blix, G.4    Wang, D.T.5
  • 121
    • 34247884356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School-based programs: lessons learned from CATCH, planet health, and not-on-tobacco
    • PID: 17362624
    • Franks A, Kelder SH, Dino GA, Horn KA, Gortmaker SL, Wiecha JL, et al. School-based programs: lessons learned from CATCH, planet health, and not-on-tobacco. Prev Chronic Dis. 2007;4(2):A33.
    • (2007) Prev Chronic Dis , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. A33
    • Franks, A.1    Kelder, S.H.2    Dino, G.A.3    Horn, K.A.4    Gortmaker, S.L.5    Wiecha, J.L.6
  • 122
    • 84937717742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life skills training: preventing substance misuse by enhancing individual and social competence
    • PID: 24753278, 11
    • Botvin GJ, Griffin KW. Life skills training: preventing substance misuse by enhancing individual and social competence. New Dir Youth Dev. 2014;2014(141):57–65. 11
    • (2014) New Dir Youth Dev , vol.2014 , Issue.141 , pp. 57-65
    • Botvin, G.J.1    Griffin, K.W.2
  • 123
    • 85027944731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking in movies and smoking initiation in adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis
    • PID: 27043456
    • Leonardi-Bee J, Nderi M, Britton J. Smoking in movies and smoking initiation in adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis. Addiction. 2016;111(10):1750–63.
    • (2016) Addiction , vol.111 , Issue.10 , pp. 1750-1763
    • Leonardi-Bee, J.1    Nderi, M.2    Britton, J.3
  • 124
    • 84947212360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public policy to protect children from tobacco, nicotine, and tobacco smoke
    • PID: 26504133
    • Farber HJ, Nelson KE, Groner JA, Walley SC. Public policy to protect children from tobacco, nicotine, and tobacco smoke. Pediatrics. 2015;136(5):998–1007.
    • (2015) Pediatrics , vol.136 , Issue.5 , pp. 998-1007
    • Farber, H.J.1    Nelson, K.E.2    Groner, J.A.3    Walley, S.C.4
  • 125
    • 85010471971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between the real cost media campaign and smoking initiation among youths—United States, 2014-2016
    • PID: 28103214
    • Farrelly MC, Duke JC, Nonnemaker J, MacMonegle AJ, Alexander TN, Zhao X, et al. Association between the real cost media campaign and smoking initiation among youths—United States, 2014-2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017;66(2):47–50.
    • (2017) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.66 , Issue.2 , pp. 47-50
    • Farrelly, M.C.1    Duke, J.C.2    Nonnemaker, J.3    MacMonegle, A.J.4    Alexander, T.N.5    Zhao, X.6
  • 126
    • 84902106404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A social media approach to inform youth about breast cancer and smoking: an exploratory descriptive study
    • PID: 25109215
    • Bottorff JL, Struik LL, Bissell LJ, Graham R, Stevens J, Richardson CG. A social media approach to inform youth about breast cancer and smoking: an exploratory descriptive study. Collegian. 2014;21(2):159–68.
    • (2014) Collegian , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 159-168
    • Bottorff, J.L.1    Struik, L.L.2    Bissell, L.J.3    Graham, R.4    Stevens, J.5    Richardson, C.G.6
  • 127
    • 0036886373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ID effect on youth access to cigarettes
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD38nntFOruw%3D%3D, PID: 12432154
    • Levinson AH, Hendershott S, Byers TE. The ID effect on youth access to cigarettes. Tob Control. 2002;11(4):296–9.
    • (2002) Tob Control , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 296-299
    • Levinson, A.H.1    Hendershott, S.2    Byers, T.E.3
  • 128
    • 84907452169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of smoke-free home rules—United States, 1992-1993 and 2010-2011
    • PID: 25188494
    • King BA, Patel R, Babb SD. Prevalence of smoke-free home rules—United States, 1992-1993 and 2010-2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;63(35):765–9.
    • (2014) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.63 , Issue.35 , pp. 765-769
    • King, B.A.1    Patel, R.2    Babb, S.D.3
  • 129
    • 70349527639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of smoke-free homes on adult smoking behavior: a review
    • PID: 19633273
    • Mills AL, Messer K, Gilpin EA, Pierce JP. The effect of smoke-free homes on adult smoking behavior: a review. Nicotine Tob Res. 2009;11(10):1131–41.
    • (2009) Nicotine Tob Res , vol.11 , Issue.10 , pp. 1131-1141
    • Mills, A.L.1    Messer, K.2    Gilpin, E.A.3    Pierce, J.P.4
  • 130
    • 0034609240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of restrictions on smoking at home, at school, and in public places on teenage smoking: cross sectional study
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3cvisFSrtQ%3D%3D, PID: 10926588
    • Wakefield MA, Chaloupka FJ, Kaufman NJ, Orleans CT, Barker DC, Ruel EE. Effect of restrictions on smoking at home, at school, and in public places on teenage smoking: cross sectional study. BMJ. 2000;321(7257):333–7.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , Issue.7257 , pp. 333-337
    • Wakefield, M.A.1    Chaloupka, F.J.2    Kaufman, N.J.3    Orleans, C.T.4    Barker, D.C.5    Ruel, E.E.6
  • 131
    • 84900315820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of smoke-free legislation on perinatal and child health: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • PID: 24680633
    • Been JV, Nurmatov UB, Cox B, Nawrot TS, van Schayck CP, Sheikh A. Effect of smoke-free legislation on perinatal and child health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2014;383(9928):1549–60.
    • (2014) Lancet , vol.383 , Issue.9928 , pp. 1549-1560
    • Been, J.V.1    Nurmatov, U.B.2    Cox, B.3    Nawrot, T.S.4    van Schayck, C.P.5    Sheikh, A.6
  • 132
    • 33749507634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring air quality to protect children from secondhand smoke in cars
    • PID: 17046406
    • Rees VW, Connolly GN. Measuring air quality to protect children from secondhand smoke in cars. Am J Prev Med. 2006;31(5):363–8.
    • (2006) Am J Prev Med , vol.31 , Issue.5 , pp. 363-368
    • Rees, V.W.1    Connolly, G.N.2
  • 133
    • 85025599207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2020 2017 [Available from: https://www.healthypeople.gov/.
    • (2017) Healthy People
  • 134
    • 84964273501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between tobacco taxes and youth and young adult smoking: what happened following the 2009 U.S. federal tax increase on cigarettes?
    • PID: 25658771
    • van Hasselt M, Kruger J, Han B, Caraballo RS, Penne MA, Loomis B, et al. The relation between tobacco taxes and youth and young adult smoking: what happened following the 2009 U.S. federal tax increase on cigarettes? Addict Behav. 2015;45:104–9.
    • (2015) Addict Behav , vol.45 , pp. 104-109
    • van Hasselt, M.1    Kruger, J.2    Han, B.3    Caraballo, R.S.4    Penne, M.A.5    Loomis, B.6
  • 136
    • 85025688028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral health trends in the United States: results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 15–4927
    • Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Behavioral health trends in the United States: results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 15–4927, NSDUH Series H-50). 2015.
    • (2015) NSDUH Series H-50)
  • 138
    • 84893235639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Best practices for comprehensive tobacco control programs—2014. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. 2014.
    • (2014) Office on Smoking and Health


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.