메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2017, Pages

Biological embedding of childhood adversity: From physiological mechanisms to clinical implications

Author keywords

Adverse childhood experiences; Brain development; Health promotion; Primary care; Social disparities; Stress

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; EPINEPHRINE; FIBRINOGEN; INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 6; NORADRENALIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR;

EID: 85025064477     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17417015     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0895-4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (397)

References (113)
  • 1
    • 0032078822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study
    • Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. Am J Prev Med. 1998;14(4):245-58.
    • (1998) Am J Prev Med , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 245-258
    • Felitti, V.J.1    Anda, R.F.2    Nordenberg, D.3    Williamson, D.F.4    Spitz, A.M.5    Edwards, V.6
  • 3
    • 71549168934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse childhood experiences and adult risk factors for age-related disease: depression, inflammation, and clustering of metabolic risk markers
    • Danese A, Moffitt TE, Harrington H, Milne BJ, Polanczyk G, Pariante CM, et al. Adverse childhood experiences and adult risk factors for age-related disease: depression, inflammation, and clustering of metabolic risk markers. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009;163(12):1135-43.
    • (2009) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.163 , Issue.12 , pp. 1135-1143
    • Danese, A.1    Moffitt, T.E.2    Harrington, H.3    Milne, B.J.4    Polanczyk, G.5    Pariante, C.M.6
  • 4
    • 84962576496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse childhood experiences and adult well-being in a low-income, urban cohort
    • Giovanelli A, Reynolds AJ, Mondi CF, Ou SR. Adverse childhood experiences and adult well-being in a low-income, urban cohort. Pediatrics. 2016;137(4):e20154016. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-4016.
    • (2016) Pediatrics. , vol.137 , Issue.4
    • Giovanelli, A.1    Reynolds, A.J.2    Mondi, C.F.3    Ou, S.R.4
  • 5
    • 84880299912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse childhood experiences and child health in early adolescence
    • Flaherty EG, Thompson R, Dubowitz H, et al. Adverse childhood experiences and child health in early adolescence. JAMA Pediatr. 2013;167(7):622-9.
    • (2013) JAMA Pediatr , vol.167 , Issue.7 , pp. 622-629
    • Flaherty, E.G.1    Thompson, R.2    Dubowitz, H.3
  • 6
    • 4944244897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term effects of early adversity on cognitive function
    • Richards M, Wadsworth MEJ. Long term effects of early adversity on cognitive function. Arch Dis Child. 2004;89(10):922-7.
    • (2004) Arch Dis Child , vol.89 , Issue.10 , pp. 922-927
    • Richards, M.1    Wadsworth, M.E.J.2
  • 7
    • 84873164296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The embodiment of adverse childhood experiences and cancer development: potential biological mechanisms and pathways across the life course
    • Kelly-Irving M, Mabile L, Grosclaude P, Lang T, Delpierre C. The embodiment of adverse childhood experiences and cancer development: potential biological mechanisms and pathways across the life course. Int J Public Health. 2013;58:3-11.
    • (2013) Int J Public Health , vol.58 , pp. 3-11
    • Kelly-Irving, M.1    Mabile, L.2    Grosclaude, P.3    Lang, T.4    Delpierre, C.5
  • 10
    • 84872224151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putting the concept of biological embedding in historical perspective
    • Hertzman C. Putting the concept of biological embedding in historical perspective. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109(Supplement 2):17160-7.
    • (2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.109 , pp. 17160-17167
    • Hertzman, C.1
  • 12
    • 0036990096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial determinants of health in social epidemiology
    • Martikainen P, Bartley M, Lahelma E. Psychosocial determinants of health in social epidemiology. Int J Epidemiol. 2002;31(6):1091-3.
    • (2002) Int J Epidemiol , vol.31 , Issue.6 , pp. 1091-1093
    • Martikainen, P.1    Bartley, M.2    Lahelma, E.3
  • 13
    • 84959027117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global prevalence of past-year violence against children: a systematic review and minimum estimates
    • Hillis S, Mercy J, Amobi A, Kress H. Global prevalence of past-year violence against children: a systematic review and minimum estimates. Pediatrics. 2016;137(3):1-13.
    • (2016) Pediatrics , vol.137 , Issue.3 , pp. 1-13
    • Hillis, S.1    Mercy, J.2    Amobi, A.3    Kress, H.4
  • 14
    • 34548396844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: results from the World Health Surveys
    • Moussavi S, Somnath S, Verdes E, Tandon A, Patel V, Ustun B. Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: results from the World Health Surveys. Lancet. 2007;370(9590):851-8.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , Issue.9590 , pp. 851-858
    • Moussavi, S.1    Somnath, S.2    Verdes, E.3    Tandon, A.4    Patel, V.5    Ustun, B.6
  • 15
    • 78049295768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress- and allostasis-induced brain plasticity
    • McEwen BS, Gianaros PJ. Stress- and allostasis-induced brain plasticity. Annu Rev Med. 2011;62:431-45.
    • (2011) Annu Rev Med , vol.62 , pp. 431-445
    • McEwen, B.S.1    Gianaros, P.J.2
  • 16
    • 76749122925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How the timing and quality of early experiences influence the development of brain architecture
    • Fox SE, Levitt P, Nelson CA. How the timing and quality of early experiences influence the development of brain architecture. Child Dev. 2010;81:28-40.
    • (2010) Child Dev , vol.81 , pp. 28-40
    • Fox, S.E.1    Levitt, P.2    Nelson, C.A.3
  • 17
    • 84941960520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early adversity, immunity and infectious disease
    • Avitsur R, Levy S, Goren N, Grinshpahet R. Early adversity, immunity and infectious disease. Stress. 2015;18(3):289-96.
    • (2015) Stress , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 289-296
    • Avitsur, R.1    Levy, S.2    Goren, N.3    Grinshpahet, R.4
  • 18
    • 82855166054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological stress in childhood and susceptibility to the chronic diseases of aging: moving toward a model of behavioral and biological mechanisms
    • Miller GE, Chen E, Parker KJ. Psychological stress in childhood and susceptibility to the chronic diseases of aging: moving toward a model of behavioral and biological mechanisms. Psychol Bull. 2011;137:959-97.
    • (2011) Psychol Bull , vol.137 , pp. 959-997
    • Miller, G.E.1    Chen, E.2    Parker, K.J.3
  • 19
    • 84872942417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic vestiges of early developmental adversity: childhood stress exposure and DNA methylation in adolescence
    • Essex MJ, Boyce WT, Hertzman C, Lam LL, Armstrong JM, Neumann SM, Kobor MS. Epigenetic vestiges of early developmental adversity: childhood stress exposure and DNA methylation in adolescence. Child Dev. 2013;84:58-75.
    • (2013) Child Dev , vol.84 , pp. 58-75
    • Essex, M.J.1    Boyce, W.T.2    Hertzman, C.3    Lam, L.L.4    Armstrong, J.M.5    Neumann, S.M.6    Kobor, M.S.7
  • 20
    • 84988349796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lest we forget: comparing retrospective and prospective assessments of adverse childhood experiences in the prediction of adult health
    • Reuben A, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Belsky DW, Harrington H, Schroeder F, et al. Lest we forget: comparing retrospective and prospective assessments of adverse childhood experiences in the prediction of adult health. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2016;57(10):1103-12.
    • (2016) J Child Psychol Psychiatry , vol.57 , Issue.10 , pp. 1103-1112
    • Reuben, A.1    Moffitt, T.E.2    Caspi, A.3    Belsky, D.W.4    Harrington, H.5    Schroeder, F.6
  • 21
    • 84949562085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early adverse experiences and the developing brain
    • Bick J, Nelson CA. Early adverse experiences and the developing brain. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016;41:177-96.
    • (2016) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.41 , pp. 177-196
    • Bick, J.1    Nelson, C.A.2
  • 22
  • 23
    • 84866024322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating white matter development in infancy and early childhood using myelin water faction and relaxation time mapping
    • Deoni SCL, Dean DC, O'Muircheartaigh J, Dirks H, Jerskey BA. Investigating white matter development in infancy and early childhood using myelin water faction and relaxation time mapping. Neuroimage. 2012;63(3):1038-53.
    • (2012) Neuroimage , vol.63 , Issue.3 , pp. 1038-1053
    • Deoni, S.C.L.1    Dean, D.C.2    O'Muircheartaigh, J.3    Dirks, H.4    Jerskey, B.A.5
  • 24
    • 84859064637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroimaging of child abuse: a critical review
    • Hart H, Rubia K. Neuroimaging of child abuse: a critical review. Front Hum Neurosci. 2012;6:52.
    • (2012) Front Hum Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 52
    • Hart, H.1    Rubia, K.2
  • 25
    • 84960337641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paradise lost: the neurobiological and clinical consequences of child abuse and neglect
    • Nemeroff CB. Paradise lost: the neurobiological and clinical consequences of child abuse and neglect. Neuron. 2016;89:892-909.
    • (2016) Neuron , vol.89 , pp. 892-909
    • Nemeroff, C.B.1
  • 26
    • 84949587661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress effects on neuronal structure: hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex
    • McEwen BS, Nasca C, Gray JD. Stress effects on neuronal structure: hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016;41:3-23.
    • (2016) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.41 , pp. 3-23
    • McEwen, B.S.1    Nasca, C.2    Gray, J.D.3
  • 27
    • 77957898055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of adversity, the amygdala and the hippocampus: a consideration of developmental timing
    • Tottenham N, Sheridan MA. A review of adversity, the amygdala and the hippocampus: a consideration of developmental timing. Front Hum Neurosci. 2010;3:68.
    • (2010) Front Hum Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 68
    • Tottenham, N.1    Sheridan, M.A.2
  • 29
    • 84857112394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load, and age-related disease
    • Danese A, McEwen BS. Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load, and age-related disease. Physiol Behav. 2012;106:29-39.
    • (2012) Physiol Behav , vol.106 , pp. 29-39
    • Danese, A.1    McEwen, B.S.2
  • 30
    • 84936768955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting oxidative stress and aberrant critical period plasticity in the developmental trajectory to schizophrenia
    • Do KQ, Cuenod M, Hensch TK. Targeting oxidative stress and aberrant critical period plasticity in the developmental trajectory to schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2015;41(4):835-46.
    • (2015) Schizophr Bull , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 835-846
    • Do, K.Q.1    Cuenod, M.2    Hensch, T.K.3
  • 31
    • 84890156929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unpredictable neonatal stress enhances adult anxiety and alters amygdala gene expression related to serotonin and GABA
    • Sarro EC, Sullivan RM, Barr G. Unpredictable neonatal stress enhances adult anxiety and alters amygdala gene expression related to serotonin and GABA. Neurosci. 2014;258:147-61.
    • (2014) Neurosci , vol.258 , pp. 147-161
    • Sarro, E.C.1    Sullivan, R.M.2    Barr, G.3
  • 32
    • 84937968027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The science of early adversity: is there a role for large institutions in the care of vulnerable children?
    • Berens AE, Nelson CA. The science of early adversity: is there a role for large institutions in the care of vulnerable children? Lancet. 2015;386(9991):388-98.
    • (2015) Lancet , vol.386 , Issue.9991 , pp. 388-398
    • Berens, A.E.1    Nelson, C.A.2
  • 33
    • 6944241340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitive periods in the development of the brain and behavior
    • Knudsen EI. Sensitive periods in the development of the brain and behavior. J Cogn Neurosci. 2004;16:1412-25.
    • (2004) J Cogn Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 1412-1425
    • Knudsen, E.I.1
  • 34
    • 84908387529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widespread reductions in cortical thickness following severe early-life deprivation: a neurodevelopmental pathway to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • McLaughlin KA, Sheridan MA, Winter W, Fox NA, Zeanah CH, Nelson CA. Widespread reductions in cortical thickness following severe early-life deprivation: a neurodevelopmental pathway to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2014;76(8):629-38.
    • (2014) Biol Psychiatry , vol.76 , Issue.8 , pp. 629-638
    • McLaughlin, K.A.1    Sheridan, M.A.2    Winter, W.3    Fox, N.A.4    Zeanah, C.H.5    Nelson, C.A.6
  • 35
    • 84910050779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood adversity and neural development: Deprivation and threat as distinct dimensions of early experience
    • McLaughlin KA, Sheridan MA, Lambert HK. Childhood adversity and neural development: Deprivation and threat as distinct dimensions of early experience. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014;47:578-91.
    • (2014) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.47 , pp. 578-591
    • McLaughlin, K.A.1    Sheridan, M.A.2    Lambert, H.K.3
  • 36
    • 85025106664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress in infancy and early childhood: effects on development
    • In: Wright JD, Ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science & Technology
    • Doom JR, Gunnar MR. Stress in infancy and early childhood: effects on development. In: Wright JD, Ed. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science & Technology; 2015. Vol. 23. pp. 577-82.
    • (2015) International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences , vol.23 , pp. 577-582
    • Doom, J.R.1    Gunnar, M.R.2
  • 37
    • 80053157436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoids are critical regulators of dendritic spine development and plasticity in vivo
    • Liston C, Gan WB. Glucocorticoids are critical regulators of dendritic spine development and plasticity in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(38):16074-9.
    • (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.108 , Issue.38 , pp. 16074-16079
    • Liston, C.1    Gan, W.B.2
  • 38
    • 84943383048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of early adversity and childhood internalizing symptoms on brain structure in young men
    • Jensen SK, Dickie EW, Schwartz DH, et al. Effect of early adversity and childhood internalizing symptoms on brain structure in young men. JAMA Pediatr. 2015;169(10):938-46.
    • (2015) JAMA Pediatr , vol.169 , Issue.10 , pp. 938-946
    • Jensen, S.K.1    Dickie, E.W.2    Schwartz, D.H.3
  • 39
    • 84880254343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-opening windows: manipulating critical periods for brain development
    • Hensch TK, Bilimoria PM. Re-opening windows: manipulating critical periods for brain development. Cerebrum. 2012;2012:11.
    • (2012) Cerebrum , vol.2012 , pp. 11
    • Hensch, T.K.1    Bilimoria, P.M.2
  • 40
    • 84936804001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early-life adversity and physical and emotional health across the lifespan: a neuroimmune network hypothesis
    • Nusslock R, Miller GE. Early-life adversity and physical and emotional health across the lifespan: a neuroimmune network hypothesis. Biol Psychiatry. 2016;80:23-32.
    • (2016) Biol Psychiatry , vol.80 , pp. 23-32
    • Nusslock, R.1    Miller, G.E.2
  • 41
    • 67649403175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood adversity is associated with left basal ganglia dysfunction during reward anticipation in adulthood
    • Dillon DG, Holmes AJ, Birk JL, Brooks N, Lyons-Ruth K, Pizzagalli DA. Childhood adversity is associated with left basal ganglia dysfunction during reward anticipation in adulthood. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;66(3):206-13.
    • (2009) Biol Psychiatry , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 206-213
    • Dillon, D.G.1    Holmes, A.J.2    Birk, J.L.3    Brooks, N.4    Lyons-Ruth, K.5    Pizzagalli, D.A.6
  • 42
    • 85009726540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between resting amygdalar activity and cardiovascular events: a longitudinal and cohort study
    • 10071.
    • Tawakol A, Ishai A, Takx RAP, et al. Relation between resting amygdalar activity and cardiovascular events: a longitudinal and cohort study. Lancet. 2017;389(10071):834-45.
    • (2017) Lancet , vol.389 , pp. 834-845
    • Tawakol, A.1    Ishai, A.2    Takx, R.A.P.3
  • 43
    • 0034928759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across generations
    • Meaney MJ. Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across generations. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2001;24:1161-92.
    • (2001) Annu Rev Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 1161-1192
    • Meaney, M.J.1
  • 44
    • 84879387163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early life adversity reduces stress reactivity and enhances impulsive behavior: Implications for health behaviors
    • Lovallo WR. Early life adversity reduces stress reactivity and enhances impulsive behavior: Implications for health behaviors. Int J Psychophysiol. 2013;90:8-16.
    • (2013) Int J Psychophysiol , vol.90 , pp. 8-16
    • Lovallo, W.R.1
  • 45
    • 49749113236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of early and recent adverse experiences on adrenal response to psychosocial stress in depressed adolescents
    • Rao U, Hammen C, Ortiz LR, Chen L, Poland RE. Effects of early and recent adverse experiences on adrenal response to psychosocial stress in depressed adolescents. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;64:521-6.
    • (2008) Biol Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 521-526
    • Rao, U.1    Hammen, C.2    Ortiz, L.R.3    Chen, L.4    Poland, R.E.5
  • 46
    • 69949091530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of childhood maltreatment with the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene: effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity
    • Tyrka AR, Price LH, Gelernter J, Schepker C, Anderson GM, Carpenter LL. Interaction of childhood maltreatment with the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene: effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity. Biol Psyc. 2009;66:681-5.
    • (2009) Biol Psyc , vol.66 , pp. 681-685
    • Tyrka, A.R.1    Price, L.H.2    Gelernter, J.3    Schepker, C.4    Anderson, G.M.5    Carpenter, L.L.6
  • 47
    • 0034596146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pituitary-adrenal and autonomic responses to stress in women after sexual and physical abuse in childhood
    • Heim C, Newport DJ, Heit S, Graham YP, Wilcox M, Bonsall R, et al. Pituitary-adrenal and autonomic responses to stress in women after sexual and physical abuse in childhood. JAMA. 2000;284(5):592-7.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , Issue.5 , pp. 592-597
    • Heim, C.1    Newport, D.J.2    Heit, S.3    Graham, Y.P.4    Wilcox, M.5    Bonsall, R.6
  • 48
    • 0442272538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When not enough is too much: the role of insufficient glucocorticoid signaling in the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders
    • Raison CL, Miller AH. When not enough is too much: the role of insufficient glucocorticoid signaling in the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160(9):1554-65.
    • (2003) Am J Psychiatry , vol.160 , Issue.9 , pp. 1554-1565
    • Raison, C.L.1    Miller, A.H.2
  • 50
    • 84872249346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain on stress: How the social environment gets under the skin
    • McEwen BS. Brain on stress: How the social environment gets under the skin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:17180-5.
    • (2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.109 , pp. 17180-17185
    • McEwen, B.S.1
  • 51
    • 23944441386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal care as a model for experience-dependent chromatin plasticity?
    • Meaney MJ, Szyf M. Maternal care as a model for experience-dependent chromatin plasticity? Trends Neurosci. 2005;28:456-63.
    • (2005) Trends Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 456-463
    • Meaney, M.J.1    Szyf, M.2
  • 52
    • 77952887606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epigenetics of social adversity in early life: Implications for mental health outcomes
    • McGowan P, Szyf M. The epigenetics of social adversity in early life: Implications for mental health outcomes. Neurobiol Dis. 2010;39:66-72.
    • (2010) Neurobiol Dis , vol.39 , pp. 66-72
    • McGowan, P.1    Szyf, M.2
  • 53
    • 83755180447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased methylation of glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment: a link with the severity and type of trauma
    • Perroud N, Paoloni-Giacobino A, Prada P, Olie E, Salzmann A, Nicastro R, et al. Increased methylation of glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment: a link with the severity and type of trauma. Transl Psychiatry. 2011;1(12), e59.
    • (2011) Transl Psychiatry , vol.1 , Issue.12
    • Perroud, N.1    Paoloni-Giacobino, A.2    Prada, P.3    Olie, E.4    Salzmann, A.5    Nicastro, R.6
  • 54
    • 84928951587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic pathways through which experiences become linked with biology
    • McGowan PO, Roth TL. Epigenetic pathways through which experiences become linked with biology. Dev Psychopathol. 2015;27:637-48.
    • (2015) Dev Psychopathol , vol.27 , pp. 637-648
    • McGowan, P.O.1    Roth, T.L.2
  • 55
    • 84924561592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poverty, Stress, and Autonomic Reactivity
    • The Oxford Handbook of Poverty and Child Development. New York, NY: Oxford University Press
    • Alkon A, Wolff B, Boyce WT. Poverty, Stress, and Autonomic Reactivity. The Oxford Handbook of Poverty and Child Development. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2012.
    • (2012)
    • Alkon, A.1    Wolff, B.2    Boyce, W.T.3
  • 56
    • 62649120943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marital Conflict and Children's Externalizing Behavior: Interactions between Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous System Activity
    • Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Series. Wiley
    • El-Sheikh M, Kouros CD, Erath S, Cummings E, Keller P, Staton L. Marital Conflict and Children's Externalizing Behavior: Interactions between Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous System Activity. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Series. Wiley; 2009.
    • (2009)
    • El-Sheikh, M.1    Kouros, C.D.2    Erath, S.3    Cummings, E.4    Keller, P.5    Staton, L.6
  • 57
    • 67649327144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and early life stress predict brain and arousal pathways to syndromal depression and anxiety
    • Gatt JM, Nemeroff CB, Dobson-Stone C, Paul RH, Bryant RA, Schofield PR, et al. Interactions between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and early life stress predict brain and arousal pathways to syndromal depression and anxiety. Mol Psychiatry. 2009;14:681-95.
    • (2009) Mol Psychiatry , vol.14 , pp. 681-695
    • Gatt, J.M.1    Nemeroff, C.B.2    Dobson-Stone, C.3    Paul, R.H.4    Bryant, R.A.5    Schofield, P.R.6
  • 58
    • 84862153001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights into chronic inflammation-induced immunosuppression
    • Kanterman J, Sade-Feldman M, Baniyash M. New insights into chronic inflammation-induced immunosuppression. Semin Cancer Biol. 2012;22:307-18.
    • (2012) Semin Cancer Biol , vol.22 , pp. 307-318
    • Kanterman, J.1    Sade-Feldman, M.2    Baniyash, M.3
  • 59
    • 84870757960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stressful early life experiences and immune dysregulation across the lifespan
    • Fagundes CP, Glaser R, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. Stressful early life experiences and immune dysregulation across the lifespan. Brain Behav Immun. 2013;27:8-12.
    • (2013) Brain Behav Immun , vol.27 , pp. 8-12
    • Fagundes, C.P.1    Glaser, R.2    Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K.3
  • 60
    • 62449167788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early childhood stress is associated with elevated antibody levels to herpes simplex virus type 1
    • Shirtcliff EA, Coe CL, Pollak SD. Early childhood stress is associated with elevated antibody levels to herpes simplex virus type 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106(8):2963.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.106 , Issue.8 , pp. 2963
    • Shirtcliff, E.A.1    Coe, C.L.2    Pollak, S.D.3
  • 61
    • 84872188602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood adversity and cell-mediated immunity in young adulthood: does type and timing matter?
    • Slopen N, McLaughlin KA, Dunn EC, Koenen KC. Childhood adversity and cell-mediated immunity in young adulthood: does type and timing matter? Brain Behav Immun. 2013;28:63-71.
    • (2013) Brain Behav Immun , vol.28 , pp. 63-71
    • Slopen, N.1    McLaughlin, K.A.2    Dunn, E.C.3    Koenen, K.C.4
  • 62
    • 46049118425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptom severity predicts degree of T cell activation in adult women following childhood maltreatment
    • Lemieux A, Coe CL, Carnes M. Symptom severity predicts degree of T cell activation in adult women following childhood maltreatment. Brain Behav Immun. 2008;22:994-1003.
    • (2008) Brain Behav Immun , vol.22 , pp. 994-1003
    • Lemieux, A.1    Coe, C.L.2    Carnes, M.3
  • 63
    • 79952461284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harsh family climate in early life presages the emergence of a proinflammatory phenotype in adolescence
    • Miller GE, Chen E. Harsh family climate in early life presages the emergence of a proinflammatory phenotype in adolescence. Psychol Sci. 2010;21(6):848-56.
    • (2010) Psychol Sci , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 848-856
    • Miller, G.E.1    Chen, E.2
  • 64
    • 70149101327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low early-life social class leaves a biological residue manifested by decreased glucocorticoid and increased proinflammatory signaling
    • Miller GE, Chen E, Fok AK, et al. Low early-life social class leaves a biological residue manifested by decreased glucocorticoid and increased proinflammatory signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106(34):14716-21.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.106 , Issue.34 , pp. 14716-14721
    • Miller, G.E.1    Chen, E.2    Fok, A.K.3
  • 65
    • 84885355333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social stress up-regulates inflammatory gene expression in the leukocyte transcriptome via β-adrenergic induction of myelopoiesis
    • Powell ND, Sloan EK, Bailey MT, et al. Social stress up-regulates inflammatory gene expression in the leukocyte transcriptome via β-adrenergic induction of myelopoiesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(41):16574-9.
    • (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.110 , Issue.41 , pp. 16574-16579
    • Powell, N.D.1    Sloan, E.K.2    Bailey, M.T.3
  • 66
    • 84856015785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood adversity and immune and inflammatory biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk in youth: a systematic review
    • Slopen N, Koenen KC, Kubzansky LD. Childhood adversity and immune and inflammatory biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk in youth: a systematic review. Brain Behav Immun. 2012;26:239-50.
    • (2012) Brain Behav Immun , vol.26 , pp. 239-250
    • Slopen, N.1    Koenen, K.C.2    Kubzansky, L.D.3
  • 67
    • 84930350748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood trauma and adulthood inflammation: a meta-analysis of peripheral C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha
    • Baumeister D, Akhtar R, Ciufolini S, Pariante C, Mondelli V. Childhood trauma and adulthood inflammation: a meta-analysis of peripheral C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21(5):642-9.
    • (2016) Mol Psychiatry , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 642-649
    • Baumeister, D.1    Akhtar, R.2    Ciufolini, S.3    Pariante, C.4    Mondelli, V.5
  • 68
    • 33751214236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress-induced immune dysregulation: implications for wound healing, infectious disease and cancer
    • Godbout JP, Glaser R. Stress-induced immune dysregulation: implications for wound healing, infectious disease and cancer. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2006;1(4):421-7.
    • (2006) J Neuroimmune Pharmacol , vol.1 , Issue.4 , pp. 421-427
    • Godbout, J.P.1    Glaser, R.2
  • 69
    • 44449127273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and type 2 diabetes risk in midadult life: the role of childhood adversity
    • Thomas C, Hypponen E, Power C. Obesity and type 2 diabetes risk in midadult life: the role of childhood adversity. Pediatrics. 2008;121:e1240-9.
    • (2008) Pediatrics , vol.121
    • Thomas, C.1    Hypponen, E.2    Power, C.3
  • 70
    • 84905387797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early-life stress, HPA axis adaptation, and mechanisms contributing to later health outcomes
    • Maniam J, Antoniadis C, Morris MJ. Early-life stress, HPA axis adaptation, and mechanisms contributing to later health outcomes. Front Endocrinol. 2014;5:73.
    • (2014) Front Endocrinol , vol.5 , pp. 73
    • Maniam, J.1    Antoniadis, C.2    Morris, M.J.3
  • 72
    • 84889689750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abuse victimization in childhood or adolescence and risk of food addiction in adult women
    • Mason SM, Flint AJ, Field AE, Austin SB, Rich-Edwards JW. Abuse victimization in childhood or adolescence and risk of food addiction in adult women. Obesity. 2013;21(12):E775-E81.
    • (2013) Obesity , vol.21 , Issue.12 , pp. E775-E781
    • Mason, S.M.1    Flint, A.J.2    Field, A.E.3    Austin, S.B.4    Rich-Edwards, J.W.5
  • 74
    • 84951325446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early-life adversity and brain development: Is the microbiome a missing piece of the puzzle?
    • O'Mahony SM, Clarke G, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Early-life adversity and brain development: Is the microbiome a missing piece of the puzzle? Neuroscience. 2017;342:37-54.
    • (2017) Neuroscience , vol.342 , pp. 37-54
    • O'Mahony, S.M.1    Clarke, G.2    Dinan, T.G.3    Cryan, J.F.4
  • 75
    • 84905042357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Priming for health: gut microbiota acquired in early life regulates physiology, brain and behaviour
    • Clarke G, O'Mahony SM, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Priming for health: gut microbiota acquired in early life regulates physiology, brain and behaviour. Acta Paediatr. 2014;103:812-9.
    • (2014) Acta Paediatr , vol.103 , pp. 812-819
    • Clarke, G.1    O'Mahony, S.M.2    Dinan, T.G.3    Cryan, J.F.4
  • 76
    • 4043161248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postnatal microbial colonization programs the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system for stress response in mice
    • Sudo N, Chida Y, Aiba Y, Sonoda J, Oyama N, Yu XN, et al. Postnatal microbial colonization programs the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system for stress response in mice. J Physiol. 2004;558(1):263-75.
    • (2004) J Physiol , vol.558 , Issue.1 , pp. 263-275
    • Sudo, N.1    Chida, Y.2    Aiba, Y.3    Sonoda, J.4    Oyama, N.5    Yu, X.N.6
  • 78
    • 84866546211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mind-altering microorganisms: the impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behaviour
    • Cryan JF, Dinan TG. Mind-altering microorganisms: the impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behaviour. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2012;13:701-12.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 701-712
    • Cryan, J.F.1    Dinan, T.G.2
  • 79
    • 84929310699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of brain development, function, and behavior by the microbiome
    • Sampson TR, Mazmanian SK. Control of brain development, function, and behavior by the microbiome. Cell Host Microbe. 2015;17:565-76.
    • (2015) Cell Host Microbe , vol.17 , pp. 565-576
    • Sampson, T.R.1    Mazmanian, S.K.2
  • 80
    • 84891628557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial genes, brain & behaviour: Epigenetic regulation of the gut-brain axis
    • Stilling RM, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Microbial genes, brain & behaviour: Epigenetic regulation of the gut-brain axis. Genes Brain Behav. 2014;13(1):69-86.
    • (2014) Genes Brain Behav , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-86
    • Stilling, R.M.1    Dinan, T.G.2    Cryan, J.F.3
  • 81
    • 58149291318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early life stress alters behavior, immunity, and microbiota in rats: implications for irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric illnesses
    • O'Mahony SM, Marchesi JR, Scully P, Codling C, Ceolho A, Quiggley EM, et al. Early life stress alters behavior, immunity, and microbiota in rats: implications for irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric illnesses. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;65:263-7.
    • (2009) Biol Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 263-267
    • O'Mahony, S.M.1    Marchesi, J.R.2    Scully, P.3    Codling, C.4    Ceolho, A.5    Quiggley, E.M.6
  • 82
    • 79551681952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to a social stressor alters the structure of the intestinal microbiota: implications for stressor-induced immunomodulation
    • Bailey MT, Dowd SE, Galley JD, Hufnagle AR, Allen RG, Lyte M. Exposure to a social stressor alters the structure of the intestinal microbiota: implications for stressor-induced immunomodulation. Brain Behav Immun. 2011;25:397-407.
    • (2011) Brain Behav Immun , vol.25 , pp. 397-407
    • Bailey, M.T.1    Dowd, S.E.2    Galley, J.D.3    Hufnagle, A.R.4    Allen, R.G.5    Lyte, M.6
  • 83
    • 84922376144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Broken or maladaptive? Altered trajectories in neuroinflammation and behavior after early life adversity
    • Ganguly P, Brenhouse HC. Broken or maladaptive? Altered trajectories in neuroinflammation and behavior after early life adversity. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2015;11:18-30.
    • (2015) Dev Cogn Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 18-30
    • Ganguly, P.1    Brenhouse, H.C.2
  • 84
    • 77952735964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How experience gets under the skin to create gradients in developmental health
    • Hertzman C, Boyce T. How experience gets under the skin to create gradients in developmental health. Annu Rev Public Health. 2010;31:329-47.
    • (2010) Annu Rev Public Health , vol.31 , pp. 329-347
    • Hertzman, C.1    Boyce, T.2
  • 85
    • 25844468996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological sensitivity to context: II. Empirical explorations of an evolutionary-developmental theory
    • Ellis BJ, Essex MJ, Boyce WT. Biological sensitivity to context: II. Empirical explorations of an evolutionary-developmental theory. Dev Psychopathol. 2005;17:303-28.
    • (2005) Dev Psychopathol , vol.17 , pp. 303-328
    • Ellis, B.J.1    Essex, M.J.2    Boyce, W.T.3
  • 86
    • 35348903681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resilience in Children
    • Boston: Blackwell Publications on behalf of the New York Academy of Sciences, editors
    • Lester BM, Masten AS, McEwen BS, editors. Resilience in Children. Boston: Blackwell Publications on behalf of the New York Academy of Sciences; 2006.
    • (2006)
    • Lester, B.M.1    Masten, A.S.2    McEwen, B.S.3
  • 87
    • 84856181467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current research trends in early life stress and depression: Review of human studies on sensitive periods, gene-environment interactions, and epigenetics
    • Heim C, Binder EB. Current research trends in early life stress and depression: Review of human studies on sensitive periods, gene-environment interactions, and epigenetics. Exp Neurol. 2012;233:102-11.
    • (2012) Exp Neurol , vol.233 , pp. 102-111
    • Heim, C.1    Binder, E.B.2
  • 88
    • 77951622489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Healthy young women with serotonin transporter SS polymorphism show a pro-inflammatory bias under resting and stress conditions
    • Fredericks CA, Drabant EM, Edge MD, Tillie JM, Hallmayer J, Ramel W, et al. Healthy young women with serotonin transporter SS polymorphism show a pro-inflammatory bias under resting and stress conditions. Brain Behave Immun. 2010;24(3):350-7.
    • (2010) Brain Behave Immun , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 350-357
    • Fredericks, C.A.1    Drabant, E.M.2    Edge, M.D.3    Tillie, J.M.4    Hallmayer, J.5    Ramel, W.6
  • 89
    • 84879881770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MAOA genotype, childhood trauma and subclinical atherosclerosis: a twin study
    • Zhao J, Bremner JD, Goldberg J, Quyyumi AA, Vaccarino V. MAOA genotype, childhood trauma and subclinical atherosclerosis: a twin study. Psychosom Med. 2013;75(5):471-7.
    • (2013) Psychosom Med , vol.75 , Issue.5 , pp. 471-477
    • Zhao, J.1    Bremner, J.D.2    Goldberg, J.3    Quyyumi, A.A.4    Vaccarino, V.5
  • 90
    • 33748927438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MAOA, maltreatment, and gene-environment interaction predicting children's mental health: new evidence and a meta-analysis
    • Kim-Cohen J, Caspi A, Taylor A, Williams B, Newcombe R, Craig IW, Moffitt TE. MAOA, maltreatment, and gene-environment interaction predicting children's mental health: new evidence and a meta-analysis. Molec Psychiatry. 2006;11(10):903.
    • (2006) Molec Psychiatry , vol.11 , Issue.10 , pp. 903
    • Kim-Cohen, J.1    Caspi, A.2    Taylor, A.3    Williams, B.4    Newcombe, R.5    Craig, I.W.6    Moffitt, T.E.7
  • 91
    • 38649105517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of environmental stress and gender on associations among symptoms of depression and the serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR)
    • Brummett BH, Boyle SH, Siegler IC, et al. Effects of environmental stress and gender on associations among symptoms of depression and the serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR). Behav Genet. 2008;38(1):34-43.
    • (2008) Behav Genet , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-43
    • Brummett, B.H.1    Boyle, S.H.2    Siegler, I.C.3
  • 92
    • 33947493393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cumulative risk, maternal responsiveness, and allostatic load among young adolescents
    • Evans GW, Kim P, Ting AH, Tesher HB, Shannis D. Cumulative risk, maternal responsiveness, and allostatic load among young adolescents. Dev Psychol. 2007;43(2):341-51.
    • (2007) Dev Psychol , vol.43 , Issue.2 , pp. 341-351
    • Evans, G.W.1    Kim, P.2    Ting, A.H.3    Tesher, H.B.4    Shannis, D.5
  • 93
    • 84885702992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood abuse, parental warmth, and adult multisystem biological risk in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study
    • Carroll JE, Gruenewald TL, Taylor SE, Janicki-Deverts D, Matthews KA, Seeman TE. Childhood abuse, parental warmth, and adult multisystem biological risk in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(42):17149-53.
    • (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.110 , Issue.42 , pp. 17149-17153
    • Carroll, J.E.1    Gruenewald, T.L.2    Taylor, S.E.3    Janicki-Deverts, D.4    Matthews, K.A.5    Seeman, T.E.6
  • 94
    • 79959623531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal warmth buffers the effects of low early-life socioeconomic status on pro-inflammatory signaling in adulthood
    • Chen E, Miller GE, Kobor MS, Cole SW. Maternal warmth buffers the effects of low early-life socioeconomic status on pro-inflammatory signaling in adulthood. Mol Psychiatry. 2011;16(7):729-37.
    • (2011) Mol Psychiatry , vol.16 , Issue.7 , pp. 729-737
    • Chen, E.1    Miller, G.E.2    Kobor, M.S.3    Cole, S.W.4
  • 95
    • 0034355721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental caring and loss during childhood and adult cortisol responses to stress
    • Luecken LJ. Parental caring and loss during childhood and adult cortisol responses to stress. Psychol Health. 2000;15(6):841-51.
    • (2000) Psychol Health , vol.15 , Issue.6 , pp. 841-851
    • Luecken, L.J.1
  • 96
    • 84989827018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resilience to adversity and the early origins of disease
    • Brody GH, Yu T, Beach SR. Resilience to adversity and the early origins of disease. Dev Psychopathol. 2016;28:1347-65.
    • (2016) Dev Psychopathol , vol.28 , pp. 1347-1365
    • Brody, G.H.1    Yu, T.2    Beach, S.R.3
  • 97
    • 84890066182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of poverty on childhood brain development: the mediating effect of caregiving and stressful life events
    • Luby J, Belden A, Botteron K, Marrus N, Harms M, Babb C, et al. The effects of poverty on childhood brain development: the mediating effect of caregiving and stressful life events. JAMA Pediatr. 2013;167(12):1135-42.
    • (2013) JAMA Pediatr , vol.167 , Issue.12 , pp. 1135-1142
    • Luby, J.1    Belden, A.2    Botteron, K.3    Marrus, N.4    Harms, M.5    Babb, C.6
  • 98
    • 84905661584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A family-oriented psychosocial intervention reduces inflammation in low-SES African American youth
    • Miller GE, Brody GH, Yu T, Chen E. A family-oriented psychosocial intervention reduces inflammation in low-SES African American youth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111(31):11287-92.
    • (2014) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.111 , Issue.31 , pp. 11287-11292
    • Miller, G.E.1    Brody, G.H.2    Yu, T.3    Chen, E.4
  • 99
    • 84862757461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telomere length and early severe social deprivation: linking early adversity and cellular aging
    • Drury SS, Theall K, Gleason MM, Smyke AT, De Vivo I, Wong JYY, et al. Telomere length and early severe social deprivation: linking early adversity and cellular aging. Mol Psychiatry. 2012;17:719-27.
    • (2012) Mol Psychiatry , vol.17 , pp. 719-727
    • Drury, S.S.1    Theall, K.2    Gleason, M.M.3    Smyke, A.T.4    Vivo, I.5    Wong, J.Y.Y.6
  • 100
    • 85011392052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective prevention effects on the association of poverty with brain development
    • Brody GH, Gray JC, Yu T, Barton AW, Beach SR, Galván A, et al. Protective prevention effects on the association of poverty with brain development. JAMA Pediatr. 2017;171(1):46-52.
    • (2017) JAMA Pediatr , vol.171 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-52
    • Brody, G.H.1    Gray, J.C.2    Yu, T.3    Barton, A.W.4    Beach, S.R.5    Galván, A.6
  • 101
    • 84893303913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventions to improve cortisol regulation in children: a systematic review
    • Slopen N, McLaughlin KA, Shonkoff JP. Interventions to improve cortisol regulation in children: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2014;133(2):312-26.
    • (2014) Pediatrics , vol.133 , Issue.2 , pp. 312-326
    • Slopen, N.1    McLaughlin, K.A.2    Shonkoff, J.P.3
  • 102
    • 76749156337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building a new biodevelopmental framework to guide the future of early childhood policy
    • Shonkoff JP. Building a new biodevelopmental framework to guide the future of early childhood policy. Child Dev. 2010;81(1):357-67.
    • (2010) Child Dev , vol.81 , Issue.1 , pp. 357-367
    • Shonkoff, J.P.1
  • 103
    • 85025112929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The JPB Research Network on Toxic Stress
    • Accessed 1 Nov 2016
    • Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University. The JPB Research Network on Toxic Stress. 2016. http://developingchild.harvard.edu/science/the-jpb-research-network-on-toxic-stress/. Accessed 1 Nov 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 104
    • 84873175262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ)
    • Geneva: WHO, Accessed 30 Dec 2016
    • World Health Organization. Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Geneva: WHO; 2014. http://www.who.int/violence:injury_prevention/violence/activities/adverse_childhood_experiences/en/ , Accessed 30 Dec 2016.
    • (2014)
  • 105
    • 85025095260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Resilience Project
    • Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2016, Accessed 28 Dec
    • American Academy of Pediatrics. The Resilience Project. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2016. www.aap.org/en-us/advocacy-and-policy/aap-health-initiatives/resilience , Accessed 28 Dec 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 106
    • 39749195703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing Child Maltreatment: A Guide to Taking Action and Generating Evidence
    • Geneva: WHO
    • World Health Organization. Preventing Child Maltreatment: A Guide to Taking Action and Generating Evidence. Geneva: WHO; 2006.
    • (2006)
  • 107
    • 79952347264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • mhGAP Intervention Guide for Mental, Neurological and Substance Use Disorders in Non-specialized Health Settings
    • Geneva: WHO
    • World Health Organization. mhGAP Intervention Guide for Mental, Neurological and Substance Use Disorders in Non-specialized Health Settings. Geneva: WHO; 2010.
    • (2010)
  • 108
    • 85025097677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fronteirs of Innovation: Innovation in Action
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, Accessed 28 Jan 2017
    • Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University. Fronteirs of Innovation: Innovation in Action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University; 2016. http://www.developingchild.harvard.edu/innovation-application/innovation-in-action/ , Accessed 28 Jan 2017.
    • (2016)
  • 109
    • 85025093801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tools & Resources
    • Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics, Accessed 28 Jan 2017
    • National Center for Medical Home Implementation. Tools & Resources. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2016. https://medicalhomeinfo.aap.org/tools-resources/Pages/default.aspx , Accessed 28 Jan 2017.
    • (2016)
  • 110
    • 33344461428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advocacy for Mental Health: Mental Health Policy and Service Guidance Package
    • Geneva: WHO
    • World Health Organization. Advocacy for Mental Health: Mental Health Policy and Service Guidance Package. Geneva: WHO; 2003.
    • (2003)
  • 111
    • 85025095656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy advocacy and partnerships for children's rights
    • New York, NY: UNICEF, Accessed 28 Jan 2017
    • UNICEF. Policy advocacy and partnerships for children's rights. New York, NY: UNICEF; 2016. https://www.unicef.org/policyanalysis/ , Accessed 28 Jan 2017.
    • (2016)
  • 112
    • 85025082919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's Defense Fund Campaigns
    • Washington, DC: Children's Defense Fund, Accessed 1 Feb 2017
    • Children's Defense Fund. Children's Defense Fund Campaigns. Washington, DC: Children's Defense Fund; 2016. http://www.childrensdefense.org/campaigns/ , Accessed 1 Feb 2017.
    • (2016)
  • 113
    • 85017594636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nelson 3rd CA. Neurodevelopment, nutrition, and inflammation: the evolving global child health landscape
    • Bhutta ZA, Guerrant RL. Nelson 3rd CA. Neurodevelopment, nutrition, and inflammation: the evolving global child health landscape. Pediatrics. 2017;139 Suppl 1:S12-22.
    • (2017) Pediatrics , vol.139 , pp. S12-S22
    • Bhutta, Z.A.1    Guerrant, R.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.