Therapeutic technique of APA master therapists: Areas of difference and integration across theoretical orientations

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

Volumn 48, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 156-166

  Pitman, Seth R ^a   Hilsenroth, Mark J ^a   Goldman, Rachel E ^a   Levy, Saryn R ^a   Siegel, Deborah F ^a   Miller, Racheli ^a  

^a ADELPHI UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cognitive behavioral; Expertise; Psychodynamic; Psychotherapy integration; Psychotherapy technique

Indexed keywords

EID: 85020472612     PISSN: 07357028     EISSN: 19391323     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/pro0000127     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Abbass, A., Arthey, S., Elliott, J., Fedak, T., Nowoweiski, D., Markovski, J., & Nowoweiski, S. (2011). Web-conference supervision for advanced psychotherapy training: A practical guide. Psychotherapy, 48, 109-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0022427.
2. American Psychological Association. (2014). Guidelines for clinical supervision in health service psychology. Retrieved from http://apa.org/ about/policy/guidelines-supervision.pdf
3. Blagys, M., & Hilsenroth, M. (2000).Distinctive features of short-term psychodynamic-interpersonal psychotherapy: A review of the comparative psychotherapy process literature. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 7, 167-188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.7.2.167.
4. Blagys, M., & Hilsenroth, M. (2002). Distinctive activities of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy: A review of the comparative psychotherapy process literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 22, 671-706. http://dx .doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(01)00117-9.
5. Boswell, J. F., Castonguay, L. G., & Wasserman, R. H. (2010). Effects of psychotherapy training and intervention use on session outcome. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 717-723. http://dx.doi .org/10.1037/a0020088.
6. Brunink, S. A., & Schroeder, H. E. (1979). Verbal therapeutic behavior of expert psychoanalytically oriented, Gestalt, and behavior therapists. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47, 567-574. http://dx .doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.47.3.567.
7. Castonguay, L. G., Reid, J. J., Jr., Halperin, G. S., & Goldfried, M. R. (2003). Psychotherapy integration. In G. Stricker & T. A. Widiger (Eds.), Handbook of psychology: Vol. 8. Clinical psychology (pp. 327-366). New York, NY: Wiley.
8. Castonguay, L. G., Schut, A. J., Aikens, D. E., Constantino, M. J., Laurenceau, J. P., Bologh, L., & Burns, D. D. (2004). Integrative cognitive therapy for depression: A preliminary investigation. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 14, 4-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1053-0479.14 .1.4.
9. Chapman, C. L., Burlingame, G. M., Gleave, R., Rees, F., Beecher, M., & Porter, G. S. (2012). Clinical prediction in group psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 22, 673-681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10503307 .2012.702512.
10. Chow, D., Miller, S. D., Seidel, J., Kane, R., Thornton, J., & Andrews, W. (2015). The role of deliberate practice in the development of highly effective psychotherapists. Psychotherapy, 52, 337-345.
11. Constantino, M. J., Boswell, J. F., Bernecker, S. L., & Castonguay, L. G. (2013). Context-responsive psychotherapy integration as a framework for a unified clinical science: Conceptual and empirical considerations. Journal of Unified Psychotherapy and Clinical Science. Retrieved from http://www.unifiedpsychotherapyproject.org/Psychotherapy/Journal/ojs- 2.4.4-1/index.php/Journal/article/view/21.
12. DeRubeis, R. J., Hollon, S. D., Evans, M. D., & Bemis, K. M. (1982). Can psychotherapies for depression be discriminated? A systematic investigation of cognitive therapy and interpersonal therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50, 744-756. http://dx.doi.org/10 .1037/0022-006X.50.5.744.
13. Dowell, N. M., & Berman, J. S. (2013). Therapist nonverbal behavior and perceptions of empathy, alliance, and treatment credibility. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 23, 158 -165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ a0031421.
14. Dunning, D., Johnson, K., Ehrlinger, J., & Kruger, J. (2003). Why people fail to recognize their own incompetence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 12, 83-87.
15. Ericsson, K. A. (2006). The Influence of experience and deliberate practice on the development of superior expert performance. In K. A. Ericsson, N. Charness, P. J. Feltovich, & R. R. Hoffman (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of expertise and expert performance (pp. 683-704). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ CBO9780511816796.038.
16. Fleiss, J. L. (1981). Statistical methods for rates and proportions (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.
17. Goldberg, S., Babins-Wagner, B., Rousmaiere, T., Berzins, S., Hoyt, W. T., Whipple, J.,. Wampold, B. E. (2016). Creating a climate for psychotherapist improvement: A case study of an agency focused on outcomes and deliberate practice. Psychotherapy, 53, 367-375.
18. Goldfried, M. R., Raue, P. J., & Castonguay, L. G. (1998). The therapeutic focus in significant sessions of master therapists: A comparison of cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic-interpersonal interventions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 803-810. http://dx .doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.66.5.803.
19. Goldman, R. E., Hilsenroth, M. J., Gold, J. R., Owen, J. J., & Levy, S. R. (2016). Psychotherapy integration and alliance: An examination across treatment outcomes. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/int0000060.
20. Goldsamt, L. A., Goldfried, M. R., Hayes, A. M., & Kerr, S. (1992). Beck, Meichenbaum, and Strupp: A comparison of three therapies on the dimension of therapist feedback. Psychotherapy, 29, 167-176. http://dx .doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.29.2.167.
21. Haggerty, G., & Hilsenroth, M. J. (2011). The use of video in psychotherapy supervision. British Journal of Psychotherapy, 27, 193-210. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0118.2011.01232.x.
22. Hannan, C., Lambert, M. J., Harmon, C., Nielsen, S. L., Smart, D. W., Shimokawa, K., & Sutton, S. W. (2005). A lab test and algorithms for identifying clients at risk for treatment failure. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 155-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20108.
23. Hatfield, D., McCullough, L., Frantz, S. H., & Krieger, K. (2010). Do we know when our clients get worse? An investigation of therapists' ability to detect negative client change. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 17, 25-32.
24. Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
25. Hepner, K. A., Greenwood, G. L., Azocar, F., Miranda, J., & Burnam, M. A. (2010). Usual care psychotherapy for depression in a large managed behavioral health organization. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 37, 270-278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10488-009- 0247-6.
26. Hill, C. E., Baumann, E., Shafran, N., Gupta, S., Morrison, A., Rojas, A. E. P.,. Gelso, C. J. (2015). Is training effective? A study of counseling psychology doctoral trainees in a psychodynamic/ interpersonal training clinic. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62, 184-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000053.
27. Hilsenroth, M. J., Ackerman, S. J., Blagys, M. D., Baity, M. R., & Mooney, M. A. (2003). Short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy for depression: An examination of statistical, clinically significant, and techniquespecific change. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 191, 349-357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NMD.0000071582.11781.67.
28. Hilsenroth, M., DeFife, J., Blake, M., & Cromer, T. (2007). The effects of borderline pathology on short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy for depression. Psychotherapy Research, 17, 172-184. http://dx.doi.org/10 .1080/10503300600786748.
29. Hilsenroth, M., & Diener, M. (2017). Some effective strategies for the supervision of psychodynamic psychotherapy. In T. Rousmaniere, R. Goodyear, S. Miller, & B. Wampold (Eds.), The cycle of excellence: Using deliberate practice to improve supervision and training (pp. 163-188). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
30. Hilsenroth, M. J., Kivlighan, D. M., Jr., & Slavin-Mulford, J. (2015). Structured supervision of graduate clinicians in psychodynamic psychotherapy: Alliance and technique. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62, 173-183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000058.
31. Kahl, K. G., Winter, L., & Schweiger, U. (2012). The third wave of cognitive behavioural therapies: What is new and what is effective? Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25, 522-528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ YCO.0b013e328358e531.
32. Katzman, J., Abbass, A., Coughlin, P., & Arora, S. (2015). Building connections through teletechnologies to augment resident training in psychodynamic psychotherapy. Academic Psychiatry, 39, 110-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40596-014-0108-9.
33. Keats, P. A. (2008). Buying into the profession: Looking at the impact on students of expert videotape demonstrations in counsellor education. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 36, 219-235. http://dx.doi .org/10.1080/03069880802088945.
34. Khanna, M. S., & Kendall, P. C. (2015). Bringing technology to training: Web-based therapist training to promote the development of competent cognitive-behavioral therapists. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 22, 291-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2015.02.002.
35. Kuutmann, K., & Hilsenroth, M. J. (2012). Exploring in-session focus on the patient-therapist relationship: Patient characteristics, process and outcome. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 19, 187-202. http://dx .doi.org/10.1002/cpp.743.
36. Larsson, B. P., Kaldo, V., & Broberg, A. G. (2009). Similarities and differences between practitioners of psychotherapy in Sweden: A comparison of attitudes between psychodynamic, cognitive, cognitive-behavioral, and integrative therapists. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 19, 34-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0015446.
37. Levy, S. R., Hilsenroth, M. J., & Owen, J. J. (2015). Relationship between interpretation, alliance, and outcome in psychodynamic psychotherapy: Control of therapist effects and assessment of moderator variable impact. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 203, 418-424. http://dx.doi .org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000302.
38. Luborsky, L. (1984). Principles of psychoanalytic psychotherapy: A manual for supportive-expressive treatment. New York, NY: Basic Books.
39. Manring, J., Greenberg, R. P., Gregory, R., & Gallinger, L. (2011). Learning psychotherapy in the digital age. Psychotherapy, 48, 119-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0022185.
40. McCullough, L., Bhatia, M., Ulvenes, P., Berggraf, L., & Osborn, K. (2011). Learning how to rate video-recorded therapy sessions: A practical guide for trainees and advanced clinicians. Psychotherapy, 48, 127-137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0023131.
41. McLeod, J. (2009). An introduction to counseling (4th ed.). New York, NY: Open University Press.
42. Mullin, A., Hilsenroth, M., Gold, J., & Farber, B. (2017). Changes in object relations over the course of psychodynamic psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 24, 501-511.
43. Newman, M. G., Castonguay, L. G., Borkovec, T. D., Fisher, A. J., & Nordberg, S. S. (2008). An open trial of integrative therapy for generalized anxiety disorder. Psychotherapy, 45, 135-147. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1037/0033-3204.45.2.135.
44. Norcross, J. C. (2005). A primer on psychotherapy integration. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy Integration (2nd ed., pp. 3-23). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195165791.003.0001.
45. Owen, J., & Hilsenroth, M. J. (2011). Interaction between alliance and technique in predicting patient outcome during psychodynamic psychotherapy. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 199, 384-389. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e31821cd28a.
46. Owen, J., & Hilsenroth, M. J. (2014). Treatment adherence: The importance of therapist flexibility in relation to therapy outcomes. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 61, 280 -288. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1037/a0035753.
47. Owen, J., Hilsenroth, M. J., & Rodolfa, E. (2013). Interaction among alliance, psychodynamic-interpersonal and cognitive-behavioural techniques in the prediction of post-session change. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 20, 513-522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpp.1792.
48. Owen, J., Quirk, K., Hilsenroth, M. J., & Rodolfa, E. (2012). Working through: In-session processes that promote between-session thoughts and activities. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59, 161-167. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0023616.
49. Pitman, S., Slavin-Mulford, J., & Hilsenroth, M. (2014). Psychodynamic techniques related to outcome for anxiety disorder patients at different points in treatment. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 202, 391-396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000000137.
50. Rogers, C. R. (1942). Counseling and psychotherapy: New concepts in practice. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
51. Rousmaniere, T., Abbass, A., & Frederickson, J. (2014). New developments in technology-assisted supervision and training: A practical overview. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70, 1082-1093. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1002/jclp.22129.
52. Rousmaniere, T., & Frederickson, J. (2013). Internet-based one-waymirror supervision for advanced psychotherapy training. The Clinical Supervisor, 32, 40-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07325223.2013.778683.
53. Santa Ana, E. J., Martino, S., Ball, S. A., Nich, C., Frankforter, T. L., & Carroll, K. M. (2008). What is usual about "treatment-as-usual"? Data from two multisite effectiveness trials. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 35, 369-379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2008.01.003.
54. Slavin-Mulford, J. M., Hilsenroth, M. J., Blagys, M. D., & Blais, M. A. (2011). Experiences related to expert supervisors' views of ideal therapeutic practice. Counselling & Psychotherapy Research, 11, 97-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14733145.2010.485691.
55. Slavin-Mulford, J., Hilsenroth, M., Weinberger, J., & Gold, J. (2011). Therapeutic interventions related to outcome in psychodynamic psychotherapy for anxiety disorder patients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 199, 214-221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e3182125d60.
56. Solomonov, N., Kuprian, N., Zilcha-Mano, S., Gorman, B. S., & Barber, J. P. (2016). What do psychotherapy experts actually do in their sessions? An analysis of psychotherapy integration in prototypical demonstrations. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 26, 202-216. http://dx .doi.org/10.1037/int0000021.
57. Stiles, W. B. (2009). Responsiveness as an obstacle for psychotherapy outcome research: It's worse than you think. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 16, 86-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850 .2009.01148.x.
58. Town, J. M., Abbass, A., & Bernier, D. (2013). Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of Davanloo's intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy: Does unlocking the unconscious make a difference? American Journal of Psychotherapy, 67, 89-108.
59. Tracey, T. J., Wampold, B. E., Lichtenberg, J. W., & Goodyear, R. K. (2014). Expertise in psychotherapy: An elusive goal? American Psychologist, 69, 218-229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0035099.
60. Walfish, S., McAlister, B., O'Donnell, P., & Lambert, M. J. (2012). An investigation of self-assessment bias in mental health providers. Psychological Reports, 110, 639-644. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/02.07.17.PR0 .110.2.639-644.
61. Waller, G., Stringer, H., & Meyer, C. (2012). What cognitive behavioral techniques do therapists report using when delivering cognitive behavioral therapy for the eating disorders? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 80, 171-175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0026559.
62. Waltz, J., Addis, M. E., Koerner, K., & Jacobson, N. S. (1993). Testing the integrity of a psychotherapy protocol: Assessment of adherence and competence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 620-630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.61.4.620.
63. Watzke, B., Rueddel, H., Koch, U., Rudolph, M., & Schulz, H. (2008). Comparison of therapeutic action, style and content in cognitivebehavioural and psychodynamic group therapy under clinically representative conditions. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 15, 404-417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpp.595.
64. Webb, C. A., DeRubeis, R. J., & Barber, J. P. (2010). Therapist adherence/ competence and treatment outcome: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 200-211. http://dx.doi.org/10 .1037/a0018912.
65. Wiser, S., & Goldfried, M. (1996). Verbal interventions in significant psychodynamic-interpersonal and cognitive-behavioral therapy sessions. Psychotherapy Research, 6, 309-319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1050 3309612331331828.
66. Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner's guide. New York, NY: Guilford Press.