Facebook Is a Source of Social Capital Building among University Students: Evidence from a Developing Country

Journal of Educational Computing Research

Volumn 55, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 295-322

  Raza, Syed Ali ^a   Qazi, Wasim ^a   Umer, Amna ^a  

^a IQRA UNIVERSITY   (Pakistan)

Author keywords

bonding social capital; bridging social capital; Facebook intensity; Karachi; social media; social networking sites; social self efficacy; technology acceptance model

Indexed keywords

EID: 85019432559     PISSN: 07356331     EISSN: 15414140     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0735633116667357     Document Type: Article

References (118)

1. Adler P. S., Kwon S. W., (2002) Social capital: Prospects for a new concept. Academy of Management Review 27: 17-40.
2. Ahn J., (2012) Teenagers' experiences with social network sites: Relationships to bridging and bonding social capital. The Information Society 28: 99-109.
3. Aibinu A. A., Al-Lawati A. M., (2010) Using PLS-SEM technique to model construction organizations' willingness to participate in e-bidding. Automation in Construction 19: 714-724.
4. Ali M., Raza S. A., (2015) Service quality perception and customer satisfaction in Islamic banks of Pakistan: The modified SERVQUAL model. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence 0: 1-19.
5. Awa H. O., Eze S. C., Urieto J. E., Inyang B. J., (2011) Upper echelon theory (UET) a major determinant of information technology (IT) adoption by SMEs in Nigeria. Journal of Systems and Information Technology 13: 144-162.
6. Bandura A., (1977) Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review 84: 191.
7. Bandura A., (1982) Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist 37: 122.
8. Bandura A., (1986) Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
9. Bargh J. A., McKenna K. Y., (2004) The Internet and social life. Annual Review of Psychology 55: 573-590.
10. Bharati P., Zhang W., Chaudhury A., (2015) Better knowledge with social media? Exploring the roles of social capital and organizational knowledge management. Journal of Knowledge Management 19: 456-475.
11. Bohn A., Buchta C., Hornik K., Mair P., (2014) Making friends and communicating on Facebook: Implications for the access to social capital. Social Networks 37: 29-41.
12. Bourdieu P., (1986) The forms of capital. In: Richardson J. G., (eds) Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education, New York, NY: Greenwood, pp. 241-258.
13. Bourdieu P., Wacquant L. J., (1992) An invitation to reflexive sociology, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
14. Boyd D. M., Ellison N. B., (2007) Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Computer-Mediated Communication 13: 210-230.
15. Breiman L., Friedman J. H., (1985) Estimating optimal transformations for multiple regression and correlation. Journal of the American Statistical Association 80: 580-598.
16. Burke M., Kraut R., Marlow C., (2011) Social capital on Facebook: Differentiating uses and users. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, New York, NY: ACM, pp. 571-580.
17. Campbell D. T., Fiske D. W., (1959) Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin 56: 81.
18. Chang Y. P., Zhu D. H., (2012) The role of perceived social capital and flow experience in building users' continuance intention to social networking sites in China. Computers in Human Behavior 28: 995-1001.
19. Chen H., Haley E., (2010) The lived meanings of Chinese social network sites (SNSS) among urban white-collar professionals: A story of happy network. Journal of Interactive Advertising 11: 11-26.
20. Chin W. W., (1998) The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research 295: 295-336.
21. Coleman J. S., (1988) Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology 94: S95-S120.
22. Compeau, D., & Higgins, C. A. (1991). A social cognitive theory perspective on individual reactions to computing technology. Proceedings of ICIS, USA, 187-198.
23. Comrey A. L., Lee H. B., (1992) A first course in factor analysis, 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
24. Comrey A. L., Lee H. B., (2013) A first course in factor analysis, Hove, England: Psychology Press.
25. Cook T. D., Campbell D. T., (1979) Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis for field settings, Skokie, IL: Rand McNally.
26. Cronbach L. J., (1951) Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika 16: 297-334.
27. Davis F. D., (1989) Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly 13: 319-340.
28. Davis F. D., (1993) User acceptance of information technology: System characteristics, user perceptions and behavioral impacts. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 38: 475-487.
29. Davis F. D., Bagozzi R. P., Warshaw P. R., (1989) User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science 35: 982-1003.
30. Davis F. D., Bagozzi R. P., Warshaw P. R., (1992) Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use computers in the workplace1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 22: 1111-1132.
31. DiMaggio P., Hargittai E., Neuman W. R., Robinson J. P., (2001) Social implications of the Internet. Annual Review of Sociology 27: 307-336.
32. Donath J., Boyd D., (2004) Public displays of connection. BT Technology Journal 22: 71-82.
33. Ellison N., Heino R., Gibbs J., (2006) Managing impressions online: Self-presentation processes in the online dating environment. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 11: 415-441.
34. Ellison, N. B., Gray, R., Vitak, J., Lampe, C., & Fiore, A. T. (2013, July). Calling All Facebook Friends: Exploring Requests for Help on Facebook. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, Boston, MA, 155-164.
35. Ellison N. B., Steinfield C., Lampe C., (2007) The benefits of Facebook "friends:" Social capital and college students' use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 12: 1143-1168.
36. Ellison N. B., Steinfield C., Lampe C., (2011) Connection strategies: Social capital implications of Facebook-enabled communication practices. New Media & Society 13: 873-892.
37. Fan J., Meng H., Gao X., Lopez F. J., Liu C., (2010) Validation of a US adult social self-efficacy inventory in Chinese populations 1φ7. The Counseling Psychologist 38: 473-496.
38. Farooqi H., Patel H., Aslam H. M., Ansari I. Q., Khan M., Iqbal N., Nadeem A., (2013) Effect of Facebook on the life of medical university students. International Archives of Medicine 6: 1.
39. Fishbein M., Ajzen I., (1975) Belief, attitudes, intention, and behavior. An introduction to theory and research, Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley.
40. Fornell C., Larcker D. F., (1981) Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research 18: 39-50.
41. Fukuyama F., (2001) Social capital, civil society and development. Third World Quarterly 22: 7-20.
42. Gecas V., (1989) The social psychology of self-efficacy. Annual Review of Sociology 15: 291-316.
43. Gefen D., Straub D., (2005) A practical guide to factorial validity using PLS-Graph: Tutorial and annotated example. Communications of the Association for Information systems 16: 91-109.
44. Gefen D., Straub D. W., (2000) The relative importance of perceived ease of use in IS adoption: A study of e-commerce adoption. Journal of the Association for Information Systems 1: 8.
45. Gershuny J., (2002) Social leisure and home IT: A panel time-diary approach. IT & Society 1: 54-72.
46. Granovetter M. S., (1983) The strength of weak ties: A network theory revisited. Sociological Theory 1: 201-233.
47. Hagedoorn M., Molleman E., (2006) Facial disfigurement in patients with head and neck cancer: The role of social self-efficacy. Health Psychology 25: 643.
48. Hair J. F., Black W. C., Babin B. J., Anderson R. E., Tatham R. L., (2006) Multivariate data analysis, (Vol. 6). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
49. Hair J. F., Ringle C. M., Sarstedt M., (2011) PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice 19: 139-152.
50. Hair J. F., Sarstedt M., Ringle C. M., Mena J. A., (2012) An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 40: 414-433.
51. Hamari J., Koivisto J., (2013) Social motivations to use gamification: An empirical study of gamifying exercise. Proceedings of the European Conference on Information Systems, Urecht, The Netherlands 105.
52. Hampton K., Wellman B., (2003) Neighboring in Netville: How the Internet supports community and social capital in a wired suburb. City & Community 2: 277-311.
53. Helliwell J. F., Putnam R. D., (2004) The social context of well-being. Philosophical Transactions-Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences 359: 1435-1446.
54. Henseler, J., Dijkstra, T. K., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Diamantopoulos, A., Straub, D. W.,... & Calantone, R. J. (2014). Common beliefs and reality about PLS comments on Rönkkö and Evermann (2013). Organizational Research Methods. doi: 10.1177/1094428114526928.
55. Henseler J., Ringle C. M., Sarstedt M., (2015) A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 43: 115-135.
56. Hill T., Smith N. D., Mann M. F., (1987) Role of efficacy expectations in predicting the decision to use advanced technologies: The case of computers. Journal of Applied Psychology 72: 307.
57. Hsu C. L., Lin J. C. C., (2008) Acceptance of blog usage: The roles of technology acceptance, social influence and knowledge sharing motivation. Information & Management 45: 65-74.
58. Hu, T., & Kettinger, W. J. (2008). Why people continue to use social networking services: Developing a comprehensive model. Proceedings of 29th International Conference on Information Systems, Paris, France.
59. Hwang Y., (2005) Investigating enterprise systems adoption: Uncertainty avoidance, intrinsic motivation, and the technology acceptance model. European Journal of Information Systems 14: 150-161.
60. Igbaria M., Parasuraman S., Baroudi J. J., (1996) A motivational model of microcomputer usage. Journal of Management Information Systems 13: 127-143.
61. Islam M. K., Merlo J., Kawachi I., Lindström M., Gerdtham U. G., (2006) Social capital and health: Does egalitarianism matter? A literature review. International Journal for Equity in Health 5: 1.
62. Jerusalem M., Schwarzer R., (1992) Self-efficacy as a resource factor in stress appraisal processes. In: Schwarzer R., (eds) Self-efficacy: Thought control of action, Washington, DC: Hemisphere Publishing Corp, pp. 195-213.
63. Jin C., (2013) The perspective of a revised TRAM on social capital building: The case of Facebook usage. Information & Management 50: 162-168.
64. Johnston K., Tanner M., Lalla N., Kawalski D., (2013) Social capital: The benefit of Facebook 'friends'. Behaviour & Information Technology 32: 24-36.
65. Jöreskog K. G., Wold H. O., (1982) Systems under indirect observation: Causality, structure, prediction Vol. 139 Amsterdam, The Netherlands: North Holland.
66. Junco R., (2012) Too much face and not enough books: The relationship between multiple indices of Facebook use and academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior 28: 187-198.
67. Junco R., Heiberger G., Loken E., (2011) The effect of Twitter on college student engagement and grades. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 27: 119-132.
68. Kavanaugh A., Carroll J. M., Rosson M. B., Zin T. T., Reese D. D., (2005) Community networks: Where offline communities meet online. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 10 (4): 00.
69. Klobas J. E., (1995) Beyond information quality: Fitness for purpose and electronic information resource use. Journal of Information Science 21: 95-114.
70. Kraut R., Patterson M., Lundmark V., Kiesler S., Mukophadhyay T., Scherlis W., (1998) Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well-being?. American Psychologist 53: 1017.
71. Lee M. K. O., Cheung C. M. K., Chen Z., (2007) Understanding user acceptance of multimedia messaging services: An empirical study. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 58: 2066-2077.
72. Li D., Chau P. Y., Lou H., (2005) Understanding individual adoption of instant messaging: An empirical investigation. Journal of the Association for Information Systems 6: 102-129.
73. Lin K. Y., Lu H. P., (2011) Intention to continue using Facebook fan pages from the perspective of social capital theory. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 14: 565-570.
74. Lin N., (2002) Social capital-A theory of social structure and action, Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
75. Lin S. P., Betz N. E., (2009) Factors related to the social self-efficacy of Chinese international students. The Counseling Psychologist 37: 451-471.
76. Lu J., Yu C. S., Liu C., Yao J. E., (2003) Technology acceptance model for wireless Internet. Internet Research 13: 206-222.
77. Lüders, M. (2007). Being in mediated spaces. An enquiry into personal media practices (Unpublished dissertation). University of Oslo, Norway.
78. Memon A. R., Azim M. E., Kiyani M. M., Ameer M. R., Ali S. M., Malik A. N., (2015) Perceptions, practices, and use of Facebook: A cross-sectional survey on physiotherapy students in Pakistan. Journal of Community Medicine & Health Education 4: 5.
79. Morrow V., (2001) Young people's explanations and experiences of social exclusion: Retrieving Bourdieu's concept of social capital. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 21: 37-63.
80. Nie N. H., Hillygus D. S., (2002) The impact of Internet use on sociability: Time-diary findings. IT & Society 1 (1): 1-20.
81. Nie, N. H., Hillygus, D. S., & Erbring, L. (2002). Internet use, interpersonal relations, and sociability. In The Internet in everyday life (pp. 215-243). Wiley-Blackwell.
82. Norris P., Jones D., (1998) Virtual democracy. Harvard International Journal of Press Politics 3 (1): 1-4.
83. Nunnally J. C., (1978) Psychometric methods, New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
84. Nysveen H., Pedersen P. E., Thorbjørnsen H., (2005 a) Explaining intention to use mobile chat services: Moderating effects of gender. Journal of Consumer Marketing 22: 247-256.
85. Nysveen H., Pedersen P. E., Thorbjørnsen H., (2005 b) Intentions to use mobile services: Antecedents and cross-service comparisons. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 33: 330-346.
86. O'Murchu I., Breslin J. B., Decker S., (2004) Online social and business networking communities, Galway, Ireland: Digital Enterprise Research Institute (DERI).
87. Ong W., (1982) Orality and literacy: The technologization of the word, London, England: Methuen.
88. Pakistan Social Media Report. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.pas.org.pk/pakistan-social-media-report-march-2014/.
89. Park C. H., Kim Y. J., (2013) Intensity of social network use by involvement: A study of young Chinese users. International Journal of Business and Management 8: 22-33.
90. Pinho C. M. R., Soares A. M., (2011) Examining the technology acceptance model in the adoption of social networks. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing 5: 116-129.
91. Putnam R. D., (2001) Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community, New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
92. Rauniar R., Rawski G., Yang J., Johnson B., (2014) Technology acceptance model (TAM) and social media usage: An empirical study on Facebook. Journal of Enterprise Information Management 27: 6-30.
93. Raza S. A., Hanif N., (2013) Factors affecting internet banking adoption among internal and external customers: A case of Pakistan. International Journal of Electronic Finance 7: 82-96.
94. Raza S. A., Jawaid S. T., Hassan A., (2015) Internet banking and customer satisfaction in Pakistan. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets 7: 24-36.
95. Resnick P., (2001) Beyond bowling together: Sociotechnical capital. In: Carroll J. M., (eds) HCI in the new millennium, Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley, pp. 247-272.
96. Richardson K., Hessey S., (2009) Archiving the self? Facebook as biography of social and relational memory. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 7: 25-38.
97. Ringle C. M., Wende S., Becker J. M., (2014) SmartPLS 3, Hamburg, Germany: SmartPLS.
98. Saadé R., Bahli B., (2005) The impact of cognitive absorption on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in on-line learning: An extension of the technology acceptance model. Information & Management 42: 317-327.
99. Seinfeld C., Ellison N., Lampe C., (2008) Online social network use, self-esteem, and social capital: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 29: 434-445.
100. Shah, V., Subramanian, S., Rouis, S., & Limayem, M. (2012). A study on the impact of Facebook usage on student's social capital and academic performance. Proceedings of AMCIS 2012. Retrieved from http://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2012/proceedings/ISEducation/27.
101. Sheng-Yi W. U., Shih-Ting W. A. N. G., Liu E. Z. F., Da-Chain H. U., Hwang W. Y., (2012) The influences of social self-efficacy on social trust and social capital-A case study of Facebook. TOJET: Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology 11: 246-254.
102. Stephenson W., (1964) The play theory of mass communication, Piscataway, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
103. Tabachnick B. G., Fidell L. S., (2007) Multivariate analysis of variance and covariance. Using Multivariate Statistics 3: 402-407.
104. Taylor S., Todd P. A., (1995) Understanding information technology usage: A test of competing models. Information Systems Research 6: 144-176.
105. Thong J. Y., Hong W., Tam K. Y., (2002) Understanding user acceptance of digital libraries: What are the roles of interface characteristics, organizational context, and individual differences?. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 57: 215-242.
106. Toomey L., Mark G., Tang J. C., Adams L., (1998) Designing virtual communities for work. ACM SIGGROUP Bulletin 19: 6-7.
107. Valenzuela S., Park N., Kee K. F., (2009) Is there social capital in a social network site?: Facebook use and college students' life satisfaction, trust, and participation1. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 14: 875-901.
108. Van der Heijden H., (2004) User acceptance of hedonic information systems. MIS Quarterly 28: 695-704.
109. Venkatesh V., (2000) Determinants of perceived ease of use: Integrating control, intrinsic motivation, and emotion into the technology acceptance model. Information Systems Research 11: 342-365.
110. Venkatesh V., Davis F. D., (2000) A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management Science 46: 186-204.
111. Venkatesh V., Speier C., Morris M. G., (2002) User acceptance enablers in individual decision making about technology: Toward an integrated model. Decision Sciences 33: 297-316.
112. Weaver A. C., Morrison B. B., (2008) Social networking. Computer 41: 97-100.
113. Wei M., Russell D. W., Zakalik R. A., (2005) Adult attachment, social self-efficacy, self-disclosure, loneliness, and subsequent depression for freshman college students: A longitudinal study. Journal of Counseling Psychology 52: 602.
114. Wellman B., Haase A. Q., Witte J., Hampton K., (2001) Does the Internet increase, decrease, or supplement social capital? Social networks, participation, and community commitment. American Behavioral Scientist 45: 436-455.
115. Williams D., (2006) On and off the' net: Scales for social capital in an online era. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 11: 593-628.
116. Wixom B. H., Watson H. J., (2001) An empirical investigation of the factors affecting data warehousing success. MIS Quarterly 25: 17-41.
117. Wold, H. (1975). Modelling in complex situations with soft information. Paper presented at third world congress of econometric society (pp. 21-26), Toronto, Canada.
118. Wold H., (1980) Model construction and evaluation when theoretical knowledge is scarce. In: Kmenta J., Ramsey J. B., (eds) Evaluation of econometric models, Cambridge, MA: Academic Press, pp. 47-74.