Multiple factors involved in the pathogenesis of white matter lesions

BioMed Research International

Volumn 2017, Issue , 2017, Pages

  Lin, Jing ^a   Wang, Dilong ^a   Lan, Linfang ^b   Fan, Yuhua ^a  

^a THE FIRST AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTOREGULATION; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; COLLAGEN DISEASE; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; GENE TECHNOLOGY; GENETIC LINKAGE; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; HEREDITY; HUMAN; NEUROIMAGING; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; REVIEW; VENOUS REFLUX; WHITE MATTER LESION; AGED; AGING; BRAIN; BRAIN CIRCULATION; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CHEMISTRY; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; INFLAMMATION; LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOLOGY; PERMEABILITY; VASCULAR DISEASE; WHITE MATTER;

COLLAGEN;

AGED; AGING; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBROVASCULAR CIRCULATION; COGNITION DISORDERS; COLLAGEN; GENETIC LINKAGE; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHIES; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MIDDLE AGED; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; PERMEABILITY; VASCULAR DISEASES; WHITE MATTER;

EID: 85017536693     PISSN: 23146133     EISSN: 23146141     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2017/9372050     Document Type: Review

References (84)

1. D. Liao, L.Cooper, J.Cai et al., "Presence and severity of cerebral white matter lesions and hypertension, its treatment, and its control.The ARIC Study. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, " Stroke, vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 2262-2270, 1996.
2. E. Bragulat, A. De La Sierra, M. T. Antonio, and A. Coca, "Endothelial dysfunction in salt-sensitive essential hypertension, " Hypertension, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 444-448, 2001.
3. K. M. Dickinson, P. M. Clifton, and J. B. Keogh, "Endothelial function is impaired after a high-salt meal in healthy subjects, " American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 500-505, 2011.
4. F. Fazekas, R. Schmidt, and P. Scheltens, "Pathophysiologic mechanisms in the development of age-related white matter changes of the brain, " Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 2-5, 1998.
5. R. Au, J. M. Massaro, P. A. Wolf et al., "Association of white matter hyperintensity volume with decreased cognitive functioning: The Framingham Heart Study, " Archives of Neurology, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 246-250, 2006.
6. L. L. Herrmann, M. Le Masurier, and K. P. Ebmeier, "White matter hyperintensities in late life depression: a systematic review, " Journal ofNeurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, vol. 79, no. 6, pp. 619-624, 2008.
7. H. Baezner, C. Blahak, A. Poggesi et al., "Association of gait and balance disorders with age-related white matter changes: The LADIS Study, " Neurology, vol. 70, no. 12, pp. 935-942, 2008.
8. G. A. Kuchel, N. Moscufo, C. R. Guttmann et al., "Localization of brainwhite matter hyperintensities and urinary incontinence in community-dwelling older adults, " Journals of Gerontology-Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol. 64, no. 8, pp. 902-909, 2009.
9. G. F. Rowbotham and E. Little, "Circulations of the cerebral hemispheres, " British Journal of Surgery, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 8-21, 1965.
10. J. R. Ravens, J. F. Toole, and T. Hasegawa, "Anastomoses in the vascular bed of the human cerebrum, " Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 123-124, 1968.
11. H. Yao, S. Sadoshima, S. Ibayashi, Y. Kuwabara, Y. Ichiya, and M. Fujishima, "Leukoaraiosis and dementia in hypertensive patients, " Stroke, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 1673-1677, 1992.
12. H. Wakita, H. Tomimoto, I. Akiguchi, and J. Kimura, "Glial activation and white matter changes in the rat brain induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion: An Immunohistochemical Study, " Acta Neuropathologica, vol. 87, no. 5, pp. 484-492, 1994.
13. J. Birns, J. Jarosz, H. S.Markus, and L. Kalra, "Cerebrovascular reactivity and dynamic autoregulation in ischaemic subcortical white matter disease, " Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, vol. 80, no. 10, pp. 1093-1098, 2009.
14. V. Mok, D. Ding, J. Fu et al., "Transcranial doppler ultrasound for screening cerebral small vessel disease: A Community Study, " Stroke, vol. 43, no. 10, pp. 2791-2793, 2012.
15. M.M. F. Poels, K. Zaccai, G. C. Verwoert et al., "Arterial stiffness and cerebral small vessel disease: the rotterdam scan study, " Stroke, vol. 43, no. 10, pp. 2637-2642, 2012.
16. A. Joutel, M.Monet-Leprêtre, C. Gosele et al., "Cerebrovascular dysfunction and microcirculation rarefaction precede white matter lesions in a mouse genetic model of cerebral ischemic small vessel disease, " Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 120, no. 2, pp. 433-445, 2010.
17. R. P. White and H. S. Markus, "Impaired dynamic cerebral autoregulation in carotid artery stenosis, " Stroke, vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 1340-1344, 1997.
18. R. V. Immink, G. A. Van Montfrans, J. Stam, J. M. Karemaker, M. Diamant, and J. J. Van Lieshout, "Dynamic cerebral autoregulation in acute lacunar and middle cerebral artery territory ischemic stroke, " Stroke, vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 2595-2600, 2005.
19. M. Reinhard, M. Roth, T. Müller et al., "Effect of carotid endarterectomy or stenting on impairment of dynamic cerebral autoregulation, " Stroke, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1381-1387, 2004.
20. X.-P. Gong, Y. Li, W.-J. Jiang, and Y.Wang, "Impaired dynamic cerebral autoregulation in middle cerebral artery stenosis, " Neurological Research, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 76-81, 2006.
21. Z.-N. Guo, Y. Xing, S.Wang, H. Ma, J. Liu, andY. Yang, "Characteristics of dynamic cerebral autoregulation in cerebral small vessel disease: diffuse and sustained, " Scientific Reports, vol. 5, Article ID 15269, 2015.
22. A. M. Brickman, L. S. Honig, N. Scarmeas et al., "Measuring cerebral atrophy and white matter hyperintensity burden to predict the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease, " Archives of Neurology, vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 1202-1208, 2008.
23. J. A. Luchsinger, A. M. Brickman, C. Reitz et al., "Subclinical cerebrovascular disease in mild cognitive impairment, " Neurology, vol. 73, no. 6, pp. 450-456, 2009.
24. F. M. LaFerla, K.N. Green, and S.Oddo, "Intracellular amyloid-b in Alzheimer's disease, " Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 499-509, 2007.
25. S. A. Austin, A. V. Santhanam, and Z. S. Katusic, "Endothelial nitric oxide modulates expression and processing of amyloid precursor protein, " Circulation Research, vol. 107, no. 12, pp. 1498-1502, 2010.
26. C. Iadecola, F. Zhang, K. Niwa et al., "SOD1 rescues cerebral endothelial dysfunction in mice overexpressing amyloid precursor protein, " Nature Neuroscience, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 157-161, 1999.
27. R. N. Kalaria, "Linking cerebrovascular defense mechanisms in brain ageing and Alzheimer's disease, " Neurobiology of Aging, vol. 30, no. 9, pp. 1512-1514, 2009.
28. N. Chow, R. D. Bell, R. Deane et al., "Serum response factor and myocardin mediate arterial hypercontractility and cerebral blood flow dysregulation in Alzheimer's phenotype, " Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 104, no. 3, pp. 823-828, 2007.
29. A. H. E. A. van Beek, J. A. H. R. Claassen, M. G. M. O. Rikkert, and R. W. M. M. Jansen, "Cerebral autoregulation: an overview of current concepts and methodology with special focus on the elderly, " Journal of Cerebral Blood FlowandMetabolism, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1071-1085, 2008.
30. J. Ogata, M. Fujishima, K. Tamaki, Y. Nakatomi, T. Ishitsuka, and T. Omae, "Vascular changes underlying cerebral lesions in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats-A Serial Section Study, " Acta Neuropathologica, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 183-188, 1981.
31. C. M. Fisher, "The arterial lesions underlying lacunes, " Acta Neuropathologica, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1-15, 1969.
32. D. M. Moody, W. R. Brown, V. R. Challa, and R. L. Anderson, "Periventricular venous collagenosis: association with leukoaraiosis, " Radiology, vol. 194, no. 2, pp. 469-476, 1995.
33. K. Meguro, J. Hatazawa, M. Itoh, H. Miyazawa, T. Matsuzawa, and A. Yamadori, "Cerebral blood flow correlated with carotid blood flow in neurologically normal elderly with severe white matter lesions, " European Journal of Neurology, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 143-149, 1998.
34. H. Yamauchi, H. Fukuyama, Y.Nagahama et al., "Brain arteriolosclerosis and hemodynamic disturbance may induce leukoaraiosis, " Neurology, vol. 53, no. 8, pp. 1833-1838, 1999.
35. Y. Chuang, K. Huang, Y. Chang et al., "Immediate regression of leukoaraiosis after carotid artery revascularization, " Cerebrovascular Diseases, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 439-446, 2011.
36. J. Y. Streifler, M. Eliasziw, O. R. Benavente, V. C. Hachinski, A. J. Fox, and H. J. M. Barnett, "Lack of relationship between leukoaraiosis and carotid artery disease, " Archives of Neurology, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 21-24, 1995.
37. T. Adachi, M. Takagi, H. Hoshino, and T. Inafuku, "Effect of extracranial carotid artery stenosis and other risk factors for stroke on periventricular hyperintensity, " Stroke, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 2174-2179, 1997.
38. T. Patankar, E. Widjaja, H. Chant et al., "Relationship of deep white matter hyperintensities and cerebral blood flow in severe carotid artery stenosis, " European Journal of Neurology, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 10-16, 2006.
39. B. Schaller and R. Graf, "Cerebral venous infarction: the pathophysiological concept, " Cerebrovascular Diseases, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 179-188, 2004.
40. B. Schaller, "Physiology of cerebral venous blood flow: from experimental data in animals to normal function in humans, " Brain Research Reviews, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 243-260, 2004.
41. J. Andeweg, "The anatomy of collateral venous flow from the brain and its value in aetiological interpretation of intracranial pathology, " Neuroradiology, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 621-628, 1996.
42. W. R. Brown, D. M. Moody, V. R. Challa, C. R. Thore, and J. A. Anstrom, "Venous collagenosis and arteriolar tortuosity in leukoaraiosis, " Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol. 203-204, pp. 159-163, 2002.
43. C.-P. Chung, P.-N. Wang, Y.-H. Wu et al., "More severe white matter changes in the elderlywith jugular venous reflux, " Annals of Neurology, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 553-559, 2011.
44. M. C. Henry-Feugeas, "Intracranial MR dynamics in clinically diagnosed alzheimer's disease: the emerging concept of 'pulse wave encephalopathy', " Current Alzheimer Research, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 488-502, 2009.
45. H. Nakase, K. Nagata, H. Otsuka, T. Sakaki, and O. Kempski, "Local cerebral blood flow autoregulation following 'asymptomatic' cerebral venous occlusion in the rat, " Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 118-124, 1998.
46. M. K. Morgan, I. Johnston, M. Besser, and D. Baines, "Cerebral arteriovenousmalformations, steal, and the hypertensive breakthrough threshold. An experimental study in rats, " Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 563-567, 1987.
47. H. Nakase, O. S. Kempski, A. Heimann, T. Takeshima, and J. Tintera, "Microcirculation after cerebral venous occlusions as assessed by laser Doppler scanning, " Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 307-314, 1997.
48. M. F. O'Rourke and J. Hashimoto, "Mechanical factors in arterial aging. A clinical perspective, " Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 1-13, 2007.
49. M. F.O'Rourke, M. E. Safar, and V. Dzau, "The Cardiovascular Continuum extended: aging effects on the aorta and microvasculature, " Vascular Medicine, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 461-468, 2010.
50. S.-H. Sung, W.-C. Yu, H.-M. Cheng et al., "Pulsatile hemodynamics and clinical outcomes in acute heart failure, " American Journal of Hypertension, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 775-782, 2011.
51. M. E. Safar and H. A. Struijker-Boudier, "Cross-talk between macro-and microcirculation, " Acta Physiologica, vol. 198, no. 4, pp. 417-430, 2010.
52. N. J. Abbott, L. Rönnbäck, and E. Hansson, "Astrocyte-endothelial interactions at the blood-brain barrier, " Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 41-53, 2006.
53. C. M. Fisher, "Lacunes: small, deep cerebral infarcts, " Neurology, vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 774-784, 1965.
54. G. A. Lammie, F. Brannan, and J. M.Wardlaw, "Incomplete lacunar infarction (Type Ib lacunes), " Acta Neuropathologica, vol. 96, no. 2, pp. 163-171, 1998.
55. K.-C. Ma and Y. Olsson, "Structural and vascular permeability abnormalities associatedwith lacunes of the human brain, " Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 100-107, 1993.
56. J. M. Starr, J. M. Wardlaw, K. Ferguson, A. MacLullich, I. J. Deary, and I. Marshall, "Increased blood-brain barrier permeability in type II diabetes demonstrated by gadoliniummagnetic resonance imaging, " Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 70-76, 2003.
57. A.Wallin, K. Blennow, P. Fredman, C. G. Gottfries, I. Karlsson, and L. Svennerholm, "Blood brain barrier function in vascular dementia, "ActaNeurologica Scandinavica, vol. 81, no. 4, pp. 318-322, 1990.
58. V. G. Young, G. M. Halliday, and J. J. Kril, "Neuropathologic correlates of white matter hyperintensities, " Neurology, vol. 71, no. 11, pp. 804-811, 2008.
59. F. Y. Jalal, Y. Yang, J. Thompson, A. C. Lopez, andG. A. Rosenberg, "Myelin loss associatedwith neuroinflammation in hypertensive rats, " Stroke, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 1115-1122, 2012.
60. Y. Fan, X. Yang, Y. Tao, L. Lan, L. Zheng, and J. Sun, "Tight junction disruption of blood brain barrier in white matter lesions in chronic hypertensive rats, " NeuroReport, vol. 26, no. 17, pp. 1039-1043, 2015.
61. A. J. Farrall and J. M.Wardlaw, "Blood-brain barrier: ageing and microvascular disease-systematic review and meta-analysis, " Neurobiology of Aging, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 337-352, 2009.
62. R. Topakian, T. R. Barrick, F. A. Howe, and H. S. Markus, "Blood-brain barrier permeability is increased in normalappearing white matter in patients with lacunar stroke and leucoaraiosis, " Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 192-197, 2010.
63. B. N. Huisa, A. Caprihan, J. Thompson, J. Prestopnik, C. R. Qualls, and G. A. Rosenberg, "Long-term blood-brain barrier permeability changes in binswanger disease, " Stroke, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 2413-2418, 2015.
64. L.-O. Wahlund and L. Bronge, "Contrast-enhanced MRI of white matter lesions in patients with blood-brain barrier dysfunction, " Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 903, pp. 477-481, 2000.
65. D. Liao, L. Cooper, J. Cai et al., "The prevalence and severity of white matter lesions, their relationship with age, ethnicity, gender, and cardiovascular disease risk factors: The ARIC Study, " Neuroepidemiology, vol. 16, no. 33, pp. 149-162, 1997.
66. L. H. Kuller, K. L. Margolis, S. A. Gaussoin et al., "Relationship of hypertension, blood pressure, and blood pressure control with white matter abnormalities in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS)-MRI trial, " Journal of Clinical Hypertension, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 203-212, 2010.
67. L.D.Atwood, P.A.Wolf, N. L.Heard-Costa et al., "Genetic variation inwhite matter hyperintensity volume in the Framingham study, " Stroke, vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 1609-1613, 2004.
68. S.T.Turner, C. R. Jack, M.Fornage, T.H.Mosley, E. Boerwinkle, andM. De Andrade, "Heritability of leukoaraiosis in hypertensive sibships, " Hypertension, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 483-487, 2004.
69. A. L. DeStefano, L. D. Atwood, J. M. Massaro et al., "Genomewide scan for white matter hyperintensity: the framingham heart study, " Stroke, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 77-81, 2006.
70. S. T. Turner, M. Fornage, C. R. Jack Jr. et al., "Genomic susceptibility loci for brain atrophy in hypertensive sibships fromthe GENOA study, " Hypertension, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 793-798, 2005.
71. P. Kochunov, D. Glahn, A. Winkler et al., "Analysis of genetic variability and whole genome linkage of whole-brain, subcortical, and ependymal hyperintense white matter volume, " Stroke, vol. 40, no. 12, pp. 3685-3690, 2009.
72. S. T. Turner, M. Fornage, C. R. Jack Jr. et al., "Genomic susceptibility loci for brain atrophy, ventricular volume, and leukoaraiosis in hypertensive sibships, " Archives of Neurology, vol. 66, no. 7, pp. 847-857, 2009.
73. R. D. Nebes, I. J. Vora, C. C.Meltzer et al., "Relationship of deep whitematter hyperintensities and apolipoprotein E genotype to depressive symptoms in older adults without clinical depression, " American Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 158, no. 6, pp. 878-884, 2001.
74. A. Hassan, A. Lansbury, A. J. Catto et al., "Angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion genotype is associated with leukoaraiosis in lacunar syndromes, " Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, vol. 72, no. 3, pp. 343-346, 2002.
75. M. J. E. Van Rijn, M. J. Bos, A. Isaacs et al., "Polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system are associated with blood pressure, atherosclerosis and cerebral white matter pathology, " Journal ofNeurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, vol. 78, no. 10, pp. 1083-1087, 2007.
76. M. Fornage, Y. A. Chiang, E. S. O'Meara et al., "Biomarkers of inflammation and MRI-defined small vessel disease of the brain: the cardiovascular health study, " Stroke, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 1952-1959, 2008.
77. I. Fernandez-Cadenas, M. Mendioroz, S. Domingues-Montanari et al., "Leukoaraiosis is associated with genes regulating blood-brain barrier homeostasis in ischaemic stroke patients, " European Journal of Neurology, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 826-835, 2011.
78. W. D. Taylor, S. Zchner, D. R. McQuoid et al., "The brainderived neurotrophic factor val66met polymorphism and cerebralwhitematter hyperintensities in late-life depression, "American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 263-271, 2008.
79. J. A. Smith, S. T. Turner, Y. V. Sun et al., "Complexity in the genetic architecture of leukoaraiosis in hypertensive sibships from the GENOA study, " BMCMedical Genomics, vol. 2, article 16, 2009.
80. M. Fornage, T.H.Mosley, C. R. Jack et al., "Family-based association study of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and-9 haplotypes with susceptibility to ischemic white matter injury, " Human Genetics, vol. 120, no. 5, pp. 671-680, 2007.
81. L.-F. Lan, L. Zheng, X. Yang, X.-T. Ji, Y.-H. Fan, and J.-S. Zeng, "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-a agonist pioglitazone ameliorates white matter lesion and cognitive impairment in hypertensive rats, " CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 410-416, 2015.
82. J.-X. Lin, H. Tomimoto, I. Akiguchi, H. Wakita, H. Shibasaki, and R. Horie, "White matter lesions and alteration of vascular cell composition in the brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats, " NeuroReport, vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 1835-1839, 2001.
83. J. Ogata, M. Fujishima, K. Tamaki, Y. Nakatomi, T. Ishitsuka, and T. Omae, "Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats as an experimental model of malignant hypertension: a pathological study, " Virchows Archiv A Pathological Anatomy and Histology, vol. 394, no. 3, pp. 185-194, 1982.
84. J. F. Brittain, C.McCabe, H. Khatun et al., "An MRI-histological study of white matter in stroke-free SHRSP, " Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 760-763, 2013.