Breast cancer screening among women with medicaid, 2006–2008: A multilevel analysis

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 446-454

  Mobley, Lee Rivers ^a   Subramanian, Sujha ^b   Tangka, Florence K ^c   Hoover, Sonja ^b   Wang, Jiantong ^b   Hall, Ingrid J ^c   Singh, Simple D ^c  

^a GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b RTI INTERNATIONAL   (United States)

^c CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

Author keywords

Breast cancer screening; Medicaid; Multilevel analysis; Nurse practitioner regulation; Racial or ethnic disparities; Racial or ethnic residential segregation

Indexed keywords

ADULT; BREAST TUMOR; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HUMAN; MAMMOGRAPHY; MASS SCREENING; MEDICAID; MIDDLE AGED; MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; BREAST NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; HEALTHCARE DISPARITIES; HUMANS; MAMMOGRAPHY; MASS SCREENING; MEDICAID; MIDDLE AGED; MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 85013653262     PISSN: 21973792     EISSN: 21968837     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40615-016-0245-9     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Bradley CJ, Neumark D, Shickle LM, Farrell N. Differences in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment: experiences of insured and uninsured women in a safety-net setting. Inquiry. 2008;45(3):323–39.
2. Kuo TM, Mobley LR, Anselin L. Geographic disparities in latestage breast cancer diagnosis in California. Health Place. 2011;17(1):327–34.
3. Radley DC, Schoen C. Geographic variation in access to care—the relationship with quality. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(1):3–6.
4. Peipins LA, Graham S, Young R, Lewis B, Flanagan B. Racial disparities in travel time to radiotherapy facilities in the Atlanta metropolitan area. Soc Sci Med. 2013;89:32–8.
5. Niccolai LM, Julian PJ, Bilinski A, Mehta NR, Meek JI, Zelterman D, et al. Geographic poverty and racial/ethnic disparities in cervical cancer precursor rates in Connecticut, 2008–2009. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(1):156–63.
6. Wagner SE, Hurley DM, Hebert JR, McNamara C, Bayakly AR, Vena JE. Cancer mortality-to-incidence ratios in Georgia: describing racial cancer disparities and potential geographic determinants. Cancer. 2012;118(16):4032–45.
7. Lian M, Schootman M, Doubeni CA, Park Y, Major JM, Stone RA, et al. Geographic variation in colorectal cancer survival and the role of small-area socioeconomic deprivation: a multilevel survival analysis of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort. Am J Epidemiol. 2011;174(7):828–38.
8. Freeman HP, Chu KC. Determinants of cancer disparities: barriers to cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2005;14(4):655–69.
9. Coughlin SS, Richardson LC, Orelien J, Thompson T, Richards TB, Sabatino SA, et al. Contextual analysis of breast cancer stage at diagnosis among women in the United States, 2004. Open Health Serv Policy J. 2009;2:45–6.
10. Bhanegaonkar A, Madhavan SS, Khanna R, Remick SC. Declining mammography screening in a state Medicaid feefor- service program: 1999–2008. J Women’s Health (Larchmt). 2012;21(8):821–9.
11. Sabatino SA, Coates RJ, Uhler RJ, Breen N, Tangka F, Shaw KM. Disparities in mammography use among US women aged 40–64 years, by race, ethnicity, income, and health insurance status, 1993 and 2005. Med Care. 2008;46(7):692–700.
12. Hunt BR, Whitman S, Hurlbert MS. Increasing black:white disparities in breast cancer mortality in the 50 largest cities in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol. 2014;38(2):118–23.
13. National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL). Scope of Practice Legislative Database, 2011–2013. 2013. http://www.ncsl.org/issues-research/health/scope-of-practice-legislation-trackingdatabase.aspx.AccessedFeb2015.
14. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Research Data Assistance Center. Medicaid data 2006–2008. 2013. Minneapolis, MN: Research Data Assistance Center. Available from: http://www.resdac.org/cms-data/search?f[0]=im_field_program_type%3A2
15. Byrd V, Dodd AH. Assessing the usability of encounter data for enrollees in comprehensivemanaged care acrossMAX2007–2009, Medicaid Policy Brief, Brief 15. 2012 Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.
16. U.S. Preventive Task Force. Screening for breast cancer. 2002. cited 2 0 1 4 August 2 5.Available from: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsbrca2002.htm
17. Research Triangle Institute (RTI). Spatial impact factor database. 2014. Research Triangle Park, NC: RTI International. Available from: https://rtispatialdata.rti.org
18. Massey DS, Denton NA. The dimensions of residential segregation. Sociol Forum. 1988;67:281–315.
19. Jaen CR, Stange KC, Nutting PA. Competing demands of primary care: a model for the delivery of clinical preventive services. J Fam Pract. 1994;38(2):166–71.
20. Stange K. How does provider supply and regulation influence health care markets? Evidence from nurse practitioners and physician assistants. J Health Econ. 2014;33:1–27.
21. Cassidy A. Health policy brief: nurse practitioners and primary care. Health Aff (Millwood). 2012.
22. Yee T, Boukus E, Cross D, Samuel D. Primary care workforce shortages: nurse practitioner scope-of-practices laws and payment policies. National Institute for Health Care Reform, Research Brief No. 13. 2013. 2013 [cited 2014 June]. Available from: http://www.nihcr.org/PCP-Workforce-NPs
23. Kuo YF, Loresto Jr FL, Rounds LR, Goodwin JS. States with the least restrictive regulations experienced the largest increase in patients seen by nurse practitioners. Health Aff. 2013;32(7):1236–43.
24. Hansen-Turton T. Nurse practitioners as leaders in primary care: current challenges and future opportunities. National Conference of State Legislatures: Louisville, KY; 2010.Available from: http://www.ncsl.org/documents/health/hansenturtonpp.pdf
25. Ewing J, Hinkley K. Meeting the primary care needs of rural America: examining the role of non-physician providers. The Rural Health Connection. 2013.
26. American Association of Retired Persons (AARP). State profiles: reforming the health care system, 12th edition. 2003. [cited 2015 February 17]. Available from: http://assets.aarp.org/rgcenter/health/d17984_reform_2003.pdf
27. Gelman A, Hill J. Data analysis using regression and multilevel/ hierarchical models. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2007.
28. Williams DR, Collins C. Racial residential segregation: a fundamental cause of racial disparities in health. Public Health Rep. 2001;116(5):404–16.
29. Dai D. Black residential segregation, disparities in spatial access to health care facilities, and late-stage breast cancer diagnosis in metropolitan Detroit. Health Place. 2010;16(5):1038–52.
30. Schulz AJ, Williams DR, Israel BA, Lempert LB. Racial and spatial relations as fundamental determinants of health in Detroit. Milt Q. 2002;80(4):677–707.
31. Palloni A, Arias E. Paradox lost: explaining the Hispanic adult mortality advantage. Demography. 2004;41(3):385–415.
32. Kramer MR, Hogue CR. Is segregation bad for your health? Epidemiol Rev. 2009;31:178–94.
33. Haas JS, Earle CC, Orav JE, Brawarsky P, Neville BA, Williams DR. Racial segregation and disparities in cancer stage for seniors. J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23(5):699–705.
34. Mobley LR, Kuo TM, Andrews L. How sensitive are multilevel regression findings to defined area of context?: a case study of mammography use in California. Med Care Res Rev. 2008;65(3): 315–37.
35. Mobley LR, Kuo TM, Driscoll D, Clayton L, Anselin L. Heterogeneity in mammography use across the nation: separating evidence of disparities from the disproportionate effects of geography. Int J Health Geogr. 2008;7:32.
36. Mobley LR, Kuo TM, Clayton LJ, Evans WD. Mammography facilities are accessible, so why is utilization so low? Cancer Causes Control. 2009;20(6):1017–28.
37. Bell JF, Zimmerman FJ, Almgren GR, Mayer JD, Huebner CE. Birth outcomes among urban African-American women: a multilevel analysis of the role of racial residential segregation. Soc Sci Med. 2006;63(12):3030–45.
38. LaVeist TA. The political empowerment and health-status of African-Americans—mapping a new territory. AJS. 1992;97(4): 1080–95.
39. Mobley L, Kuo T. United States health policies and late-stage breast and colorectal cancer diagnosis: why such disparities by age? Heal Econ Rev. 2015;5:20. doi:10.1186/s13561-015-0058-2.