메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 158, Issue , 2005, Pages 199-219

Ocean general circulation modelling of the Nordic seas

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85012210010     PISSN: 00658448     EISSN: 23288779     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1029/158GM14     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (15)

References (101)
  • 1
    • 0028828034 scopus 로고
    • Modeling of the Greenland, Iceland and Norwegian Seas with a coupled sea ice-mixed layer-isopycnal ocean model
    • Aukrust, T. and J.M. Oberhuber, Modeling of the Greenland, Iceland and Norwegian Seas with a coupled sea ice-mixed layer-isopycnal ocean model. J. Geophys. Res. 100,4771-4789, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res , vol.100 , pp. 4771-4789
    • Aukrust, T.1    Oberhuber, J.M.2
  • 2
    • 0030721647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for improved representation of dense water spreading over topography in geopotential- coordinate models
    • Beckmann, A. and R. Döscher, A method for improved representation of dense water spreading over topography in geopotential- coordinate models. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27, 581-591, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.27 , pp. 581-591
    • Beckmann, A.1    Döscher, R.2
  • 3
    • 4944256959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the meridional overturning circulation of the North Atlantic: Sensitivity to overflows of dense water masses
    • Beismann, J.-O. and B. Bamier, Variability of the meridional overturning circulation of the North Atlantic: sensitivity to overflows of dense water masses. Ocean Dyn. 54, 92-106, DOI 10.1007/s10236-003-0088-x, 2004.
    • (2004) Ocean Dyn. , vol.54 , pp. 92-106
    • Beismann, J.-O.1    Bamier, B.2
  • 5
    • 3142606906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulated variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
    • Bentsen, M., H. Drange, T. Furevik, and T. Zhou, Simulated variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, Clim. Dynam., doi: 10.1007/s00382-004-0397-x, 2004.
    • (2004) Clim. Dynam
    • Bentsen, M.1    Drange, H.2    Furevik, T.3    Zhou, T.4
  • 6
    • 0442297449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Sensitivity of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge Overflow to Forcing Changes
    • Biastoch, A., R.H. Käse, and D.H. Stammer, The Sensitivity of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge Overflow to Forcing Changes. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 33,2307-2319, doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033,2003.
    • (2003) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.33 , pp. 2307-2319
    • Biastoch, A.1    Käse, R.H.2    Stammer, D.H.3
  • 7
    • 1842588302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An oceanic general circulation model framed in hybrid isopycnic-cartesian coordinates
    • Bleck, R., An oceanic general circulation model framed in hybrid isopycnic-cartesian coordinates. Ocean Modelling 4, 55-88, 2002.
    • (2002) Ocean Modelling , vol.4 , pp. 55-88
    • Bleck, R.1
  • 8
    • 0000148916 scopus 로고
    • Salinity-driven thermo- cline transients in a wind- and thermohaline-forced isopycnic coordinate model of the North Atlantic
    • Bleck, R., C. Rooth, D. Hu, and L.T. Smith, Salinity-driven thermo- cline transients in a wind- and thermohaline-forced isopycnic coordinate model of the North Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 22, 1486-1505, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.22 , pp. 1486-1505
    • Bleck, R.1    Rooth, C.2    Hu, D.3    Smith, L.T.4
  • 9
    • 0000157495 scopus 로고
    • A description of a three-dimensional coastal ocean circulation model
    • N. Heaps (Ed.), American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC
    • Blumberg, A.F. and G.L. Mellor, A description of a three-dimensional coastal ocean circulation model, in Three-Dimensional Coastal Ocean Models, N. Heaps (Ed.), pp. 1-16, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 1987.
    • (1987) Three-Dimensional Coastal Ocean Models
    • Blumberg, A.F.1    Mellor, G.L.2
  • 10
    • 0034965339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal cycle of meridional heat transport in the subtropical North Atlantic: A model intercomparison in relation to observations near 25°N. Prog
    • Böning, C.W., C. Dieterich, B. Bamier, and Y. Jia, Seasonal cycle of meridional heat transport in the subtropical North Atlantic: a model intercomparison in relation to observations near 25°N. Prog. Oceanogr. 48, 231-253, 2001.
    • (2001) Oceanogr , vol.48 , pp. 231-253
    • Böning, C.W.1    Dieterich, C.2    Bamier, B.3    Jia, Y.4
  • 11
    • 0031404994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term trends of temperature, salinity, density, and transient tracers in the central Greenland Sea
    • Bönisch, G., J. Blindheim, J.L. Bullister, P. Schlosser, and D.W.R. Wallace, Long-term trends of temperature, salinity, density, and transient tracers in the central Greenland Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 18553-18571, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res , vol.102 , pp. 18553-18571
    • Bönisch, G.1    Blindheim, J.2    Bullister, J.L.3    Schlosser, P.4    Wallace, D.W.R.5
  • 12
    • 34547204102 scopus 로고
    • A numerical model for the study of clirculation of the world oceans
    • Bryan, K., A numerical model for the study of clirculation of the world oceans. J. Comput. Phys. 4, 347-376, 1969.
    • (1969) J. Comput. Phys , vol.4 , pp. 347-376
    • Bryan, K.1
  • 13
    • 0032529793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter convective events and bottom water warming in the Greenland Sea
    • Budeus, G., W. Schneider, and G. Krause, Winter convective events and bottom water warming in the Greenland Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 18513-18527, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res , vol.103 , pp. 18513-18527
    • Budeus, G.1    Schneider, W.2    Krause, G.3
  • 17
    • 0346727131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Change in the Freshwater Balance of the Atlantic Ocean over the Past four decades
    • Curry R., R.R. Dickson, and I. Yashayaev, A Change in the Freshwater Balance of the Atlantic Ocean over the Past four decades. Nature 426, 826-829,2003.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.426 , pp. 826-829
    • Curry, R.1    Dickson, R.R.2    Yashayaev, I.3
  • 18
    • 0037171772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid freshening of the deep North Atlantic Ocean over the past four decades
    • Dickson, B., I. Yashayaev, J. Meincke, B. Turell, S. Dye, and J. Holfort, Rapid freshening of the deep North Atlantic Ocean over the past four decades. Nature 416, 832-837, 2002.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.416 , pp. 832-837
    • Dickson, B.1    Yashayaev, I.2    Meincke, J.3    Turell, B.4    Dye, S.5    Holfort, J.6
  • 19
    • 0001651209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative importance of northern overflow and subpolar deep convection for the North Atlantic Thermohaline circulation
    • Döscher, R. and R. Redler, The relative importance of northern overflow and subpolar deep convection for the North Atlantic Thermohaline circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27,1894-1902, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.27 , pp. 1894-1902
    • Döscher, R.1    Redler, R.2
  • 20
    • 0009928312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical Report 125, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Edv. Griegsv. 3A, N-5037 Solheimsviken, Norway
    • Drange, H and K. Simonsen, Formulation of air-sea fluxes in the ESOP2 version of MlCOM. Technical Report 125, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Edv. Griegsv. 3A, N-5037 Solheimsviken, Norway, 1996.
    • (1996) Formulation of Air-Sea Fluxes in the ESOP2 Version of Mlcom.
    • Drange, H.1    Simonsen, K.2
  • 21
    • 0036228914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of ocean model ventilation with CFC-11: Comparison of 13 global ocean models
    • Dutay, J.-C., et al., Evaluation of ocean model ventilation with CFC-11: comparison of 13 global ocean models. Ocean Modelling 4, 89-120, 2002.
    • (2002) Ocean Modelling , vol.4 , pp. 89-120
    • Dutay, J.-C.1
  • 23
    • 0031932779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production of monthly mean climatological archives for the Nordic Seas
    • Engedahl H, B. Ådlandsvik, and E.A. Martinsen, Production of monthly mean climatological archives for the Nordic Seas. J. Mar. Syst. 14, 1-26, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Mar. Syst , vol.14 , pp. 1-26
    • Engedahl, H.1    Ådlandsvik, B.2    Martinsen, E.A.3
  • 24
    • 0035057583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using chemical tracers to assess ocean models
    • England, M. and E. Maier-Reimer, Using chemical tracers to assess ocean models. Rev. Geophys. 39, 29-70, 2001.
    • (2001) Rev. Geophys , vol.39 , pp. 29-70
    • England, M.1    Maier-Reimer, E.2
  • 25
    • 84884550570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Ensemble Kalman Filter: Theoretical formulation and practical implementation.
    • Evensen, G. The Ensemble Kalman Filter: theoretical formulation and practical implementation. Ocean Dynamics 53, 343-367, DOI 10.1007/s 10236-003-0036-9, 2003.
    • (2003) Ocean Dynamics , vol.53 , pp. 343-367
    • Evensen, G.1
  • 26
    • 18844463481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spatial variability of the sea surface salinity in the Nordic Seas
    • Furevik, T., M. Bentsen, H. Drange, J. Johannessen, and A. Korablev, Temporal and spatial variability of the sea surface salinity in the Nordic Seas. J. Geophys. Res. 107, doi: 10.1029/2001JC001118, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res , vol.107
    • Furevik, T.1    Bentsen, M.2    Drange, H.3    Johannessen, J.4    Korablev, A.5
  • 27
    • 28244500545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracer- derived transient time of the eastern waters in the Nordic Seas
    • in press
    • Gao Y., H. Drange, M. Bentsen, and O.M. Johannessen, Tracer- derived transient time of the eastern waters in the Nordic Seas. Tellus, in press, 2005.
    • (2005) Tellus
    • Gao, Y.1    Drange, H.2    Bentsen, M.3    Johannessen, O.M.4
  • 28
    • 0041845329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of diapycnal and isopycnal mixing on the ventilation of CFCs in the North Atlantic in an isopycnic coordinate OGCM
    • Gao, Y., H. Drange, and M. Bentsen, Effects of diapycnal and isopycnal mixing on the ventilation of CFCs in the North Atlantic in an isopycnic coordinate OGCM. Tellus 55B, 837-884, 2003.
    • (2003) Tellus , vol.55B , pp. 837-884
    • Gao, Y.1    Drange, H.2    Bentsen, M.3
  • 29
    • 0141961531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating the transport of radionuclides in the North Atlantic-Arctic region
    • Gao, Y., H. Drange, M. Bentsen, and O.M. Johannessen, Simulating the transport of radionuclides in the North Atlantic-Arctic region. J. Environ. Radioactivity 71, 1-16, doi:10.1016/S0265-931X(03) 00108-5, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Environ. Radioactivity , vol.71 , pp. 1-16
    • Gao, Y.1    Drange, H.2    Bentsen, M.3    Johannessen, O.M.4
  • 30
    • 0000143078 scopus 로고
    • Modeling the seasonal cycle of the upper ocean
    • Gaspar, P., Modeling the seasonal cycle of the upper ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 18, 161-180, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.18 , pp. 161-180
    • Gaspar, P.1
  • 31
    • 0027801789 scopus 로고
    • A primitive equation ocean circulation model using a general vertical coordinate transformation, Part 2 application to an overflow problem
    • Gerdes, R., A primitive equation ocean circulation model using a general vertical coordinate transformation, Part 2 application to an overflow problem. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 14703-14726, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res , vol.98 , pp. 14703-14726
    • Gerdes, R.1
  • 32
    • 17744403207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes and development of repeated Arctic Ocean warming events
    • Gerdes, R., M. Karcher, F. Kauker, and U. Schauer. Causes and development of repeated Arctic Ocean warming events. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, doi: 10.1029/2003GL018080, 2003.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.30
    • Gerdes, R.1    Karcher, M.2    Kauker, F.3    Schauer, U.4
  • 33
    • 0031692889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of a multiply nested primitive equation ocean model.
    • Ginis, I., R.A. Richardson, and L.M. Rothstein, Design of a multiply nested primitive equation ocean model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 126, 1054-1079, 1998.
    • (1998) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.126 , pp. 1054-1079
    • Ginis, I.1    Richardson, R.A.2    Rothstein, L.M.3
  • 34
    • 1842638629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the exchanges between the Atlantic and the Arctic on sea-ice volume variations during the period 1948-1997
    • Goosse H., R. Gerdes, F. Kauker, and C. Koeberle, Influence of the exchanges between the Atlantic and the Arctic on sea-ice volume variations during the period 1948-1997. J Climate 17,1294-1305, 2004.
    • (2004) J Climate , vol.17 , pp. 1294-1305
    • Goosse, H.1    Gerdes, R.2    Kauker, F.3    Koeberle, C.4
  • 38
    • 84952807524 scopus 로고
    • Models and their applications in polar oceanography
    • (Ed. W.O. Smith), Pergamon Press
    • Häkkinen, S., Models and their applications in polar oceanography, in Polar Oceanography (Ed. W.O. Smith), Pergamon Press, 1991.
    • (1991) Polar Oceanography
    • Häkkinen, S.1
  • 39
    • 0028831659 scopus 로고
    • Simulated interannual variability of the Greenland Sea deep water formation and its connection to surface forcing
    • Häkkinen, S., Simulated interannual variability of the Greenland Sea deep water formation and its connection to surface forcing. J. Geophys. Res. 100, 4761-4770, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res , vol.100 , pp. 4761-4770
    • Häkkinen, S.1
  • 40
    • 0033562240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the simulated meridional heat transport in the North Atlantic for the period 1951-1993
    • Häkkinen, S., Variability of the simulated meridional heat transport in the North Atlantic for the period 1951-1993. J. Geophys. Res. 104, 10991-11007, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res , vol.104 , pp. 10991-11007
    • Häkkinen, S.1
  • 41
    • 0027060013 scopus 로고
    • Modeling the seasonal variability of a coupled Arctic ice-ocean system
    • Häkkinen, S. and G.L. Mellor, Modeling the seasonal variability of a coupled Arctic ice-ocean system. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 20,285-20,304, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97 , Issue.20 , pp. 285-320
    • Häkkinen, S.1    Mellor, G.L.2
  • 42
    • 3042773291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface salinity variability in the northern North Atlantic during recent decades.
    • Häkkinen, S., Surface salinity variability in the northern North Atlantic during recent decades. J. Geophys. Res. 107, 10.1029/2001JC000812, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res , vol.107
    • Häkkinen, S.1
  • 43
    • 0033911486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time integration of diapycnal diffusion and Richardson number-dependent mixing in isopycnal soordinate ocean models.
    • Hallberg, R., Time integration of diapycnal diffusion and Richardson number-dependent mixing in isopycnal soordinate ocean models. Mon. Wea. Rev. 128, 1402-1419, 2000.
    • (2000) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.128 , pp. 1402-1419
    • Hallberg, R.1
  • 44
    • 0034082747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North Atlantic - Norwegian Sea Exchanges.
    • Hansen, B., and S. Østerhus, North Atlantic - Norwegian Sea Exchanges. Prog. Oceanogr. 45, 109-208, 2000.
    • (2000) Prog. Oceanogr , vol.45 , pp. 109-208
    • Hansen, B.1    Østerhus, S.2
  • 45
    • 4043077909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Already the day after tomorrow?
    • Hansen, B., and S. Østerhus, D. Quadfasel, and W. Turrell, Already the day after tomorrow? Science 305, 953-954, DOI: 10.1126/science. 1100085, 2004.
    • (2004) Science , vol.305 , pp. 953-954
    • Hansen, B.1    Østerhus, S.2    Quadfasel, D.3    Turrell, W.4
  • 46
    • 0009923861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PhD thesis Alfred-Wegener-Institut fur Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany
    • Harder, M., Dynamik, Rauhigkeit undAlter des Meereises in derArktis. PhD thesis Alfred-Wegener-Institut fur Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany. 124 pp, 1996.
    • (1996) Dynamik, Rauhigkeit Undalter Des Meereises in Derarktis. , pp. 124
    • Harder, M.1
  • 47
    • 0028870809 scopus 로고
    • Simulations of the mesoscale circulation of the Grccnbland-lceland-Norwegian Seas
    • Hebum, G.W. and C.D. Johnson, Simulations of the mesoscale circulation of the Grccnbland-lceland-Norwegian Seas. J. Geophys. Res. 100,4921-4941, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res , vol.100 , pp. 4921-4941
    • Hebum, G.W.1    Johnson, C.D.2
  • 48
    • 0037137904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for analysing nesting techniques for the linearized shallow water equations
    • Heggelund Y. and J. Bemtsen, A method for analysing nesting techniques for the linearized shallow water equations. Int. J. Numer. Meth. FI. 38, 163-185, 2002.
    • (2002) Int. J. Numer. Meth. FI , vol.38 , pp. 163-185
    • Heggelund, Y.1    Bemtsen, J.2
  • 49
    • 0000716685 scopus 로고
    • A Dynamic Thermodynamic Sea Ice Model
    • Hibler, M W.D., A Dynamic Thermodynamic Sea Ice Model. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 9, 815-846, 1979.
    • (1979) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.9 , pp. 815-846
    • Hibler, M.W.D.1
  • 50
    • 0029729640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of the mixed-layer circulation in the Arctic Ocean
    • Holland, D.M., L.A. Mysak, and J.M. Oberhuber, Numerical simulation of the mixed-layer circulation in the Arctic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1111-1128, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res , vol.101 , pp. 1111-1128
    • Holland, D.M.1    Mysak, L.A.2    Oberhuber, J.M.3
  • 51
    • 0000739915 scopus 로고
    • The GIN Sea - a synthesis of its physical oceanography and literature review 1972-1985.
    • Hopkins, T.S., The GIN Sea - a synthesis of its physical oceanography and literature review 1972-1985. Earth-Sci. Rev. 30, 175-318, 1991.
    • (1991) Earth-Sci. Rev , vol.30 , pp. 175-318
    • Hopkins, T.S.1
  • 52
    • 2642533870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The seasonal cycle in the Atlantic transport to the Barents Sea during 1997-2001.
    • Ingvaldsen, R.B, L. Asplin, and H. Loeng, The seasonal cycle in the Atlantic transport to the Barents Sea during 1997-2001. Cont. Shelf Res. 24, 1015-1032, 2004.
    • (2004) Cont. Shelf Res , vol.24 , pp. 1015-1032
    • Ingvaldsen, R.B.1    Asplin, L.2    Loeng, H.3
  • 53
    • 0345415103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near surface circulation in the northern North Atlantic as inferred from Lagrangian drifters: Variability from the mesoscale to interannual
    • Jacobsen, P.K., M.H. Ribergaard, D. Quadfasel, T. Schmith, and C.W. Hughes, Near surface circulation in the northern North Atlantic as inferred from Lagrangian drifters: variability from the mesoscale to interannual. J. Geophys. Res. 108, 3251, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res , vol.108 , pp. 3251
    • Jacobsen, P.K.1    Ribergaard, M.H.2    Quadfasel, D.3    Schmith, T.4    Hughes, C.W.5
  • 54
    • 0031773212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open boundary conditions in stratified ocean models
    • Jensen, T.G., Open boundary conditions in stratified ocean models. J. Mar. Sys. 16, 291-122, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Mar. Sys , vol.16
    • Jensen, T.G.1
  • 55
    • 0033521049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite evidence for an Arctic Sea Ice cover in transformation
    • Johannessen O.M., E.V Shalina, and M. Miles, Satellite evidence for an Arctic Sea Ice cover in transformation. Science 286, 1937-1939, 1999.
    • (1999) Science , vol.286 , pp. 1937-1939
    • Johannessen, O.M.1    Shalina, E.V.2    Miles, M.3
  • 56
    • 0029768948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NCEP/NCAR 40-year re-analysis project
    • Kalnay, E., et al., The NCEP/NCAR 40-year re-analysis project. Bullet. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 77,437-471, 1996.
    • (1996) Bullet. Amer. Meteorol. Soc , vol.77 , pp. 437-471
    • Kalnay, E.1
  • 57
    • 0033152389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice-ocean interactions during shallow convection under conditions of steady winds: Three dimensional numerical studies
    • Kampf, J., and J.O. Backhaus, Ice-ocean interactions during shallow convection under conditions of steady winds: three dimensional numerical studies. Deep-Sea Res. 46(6/7), 1335-1355, 1999.
    • (1999) Deep-Sea Res , vol.46 , Issue.6-7 , pp. 1335-1355
    • Kampf, J.1    Backhaus, J.O.2
  • 58
    • 0038158085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic warming: Evolution and spreading of the 1990s warm event in the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean
    • Karcher, M.J., R. Gerdes, F. Kauker, and C. Köberle, Arctic warming: Evolution and spreading of the 1990s warm event in the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 108,3034, doi: 10.1029/2001JC001265, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 3034
    • Karcher, M.J.1    Gerdes, R.2    Kauker, F.3    Köberle, C.4
  • 60
    • 0037098758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways and modification of the upper and intermediate waters of the Arctic Ocean.
    • Karcher, M.J. and J.M. Oberhuber, Pathways and modification of the upper and intermediate waters of the Arctic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 107, 10, 1029/2000JC000530, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , Issue.10
    • Karcher, M.J.1    Oberhuber, J.M.2
  • 61
    • 0141724850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of Arctic and North Atlantic sea ice: A combined analysis of model results and observations from 1978 to 2001.
    • Kauker, F, R. Gerdes, M. Karcher, C. Köberle, and J.L. Lieser, Variability of Arctic and North Atlantic sea ice: A combined analysis of model results and observations from 1978 to 2001. J. Geophys. Res. 108, 3182. doi: 10.1029/2002JC001573, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res , vol.108 , pp. 3182
    • Kauker, F.1    Gerdes, R.2    Karcher, M.3    Köberle, C.4    Lieser, J.L.5
  • 62
    • 0032724098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A turbulent bottom boundary layer code for use in numerical ocean models
    • Killworth, P.D. and N.R. Edwards, A turbulent bottom boundary layer code for use in numerical ocean models. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 29, 1221-1238, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.29 , pp. 1221-1238
    • Killworth, P.D.1    Edwards, N.R.2
  • 64
    • 0141571609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms determining the variability of Arctic sea ice conditions and export
    • Köberle, C. and R. Gerdes, Mechanisms determining the variability of Arctic sea ice conditions and export. J. Climate 16,2843-2858, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 2843-2858
    • Köberle, C.1    Gerdes, R.2
  • 65
    • 19744366442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of Denmark Strait Overflow on the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
    • in press
    • Kösters, E, R.H. Käse, A. Schmittner, and P. Herrmann, The effect of Denmark Strait Overflow on the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., in press, 2005.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett
    • Kösters, E.1    Käse, R.H.2    Schmittner, A.3    Herrmann, P.4
  • 66
    • 0025958454 scopus 로고
    • A numerical investigation of the circulation in the Greenland and Norwegian Seas
    • Legutke, S., A numerical investigation of the circulation in the Greenland and Norwegian Seas. J Phys. Oceanogr. 21, 118-148, 1991.
    • (1991) J Phys. Oceanogr , vol.21 , pp. 118-148
    • Legutke, S.1
  • 67
    • 0033006763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open-ocean convection: Observations, theory, and models
    • Marshall, J. and F. Schott, Open-ocean convection: observations, theory, and models. Rev. Geophys. 37, 1-64, 1999.
    • (1999) Rev. Geophys , vol.37 , pp. 1-64
    • Marshall, J.1    Schott, F.2
  • 68
    • 0023531865 scopus 로고
    • Implementation and testing of a lateral boundary scheme as an open boundary condition in a barotropic ocean model
    • Martinsen, E.A. and H. Engedahl, Implementation and testing of a lateral boundary scheme as an open boundary condition in a barotropic ocean model. Coastal Eng. 11, 603-627, 1987.
    • (1987) Coastal Eng , vol.11 , pp. 603-627
    • Martinsen, E.A.1    Engedahl, H.2
  • 69
    • 0033134656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the relationship between dense water formation and the “Meridional Overturning Cell” in the North Atlantic Ocean
    • Mauritzen, C. and S. Hakkinen, On the relationship between dense water formation and the “Meridional Overturning Cell” in the North Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. 46, 877-894, 1999.
    • (1999) Deep-Sea Res , vol.46 , pp. 877-894
    • Mauritzen, C.1    Hakkinen, S.2
  • 71
    • 0000535531 scopus 로고
    • Interpretations of the jebar term
    • Mertz, G. and D.G. Wright, Interpretations of the jebar term. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 22, 301-305, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.22 , pp. 301-305
    • Mertz, G.1    Wright, D.G.2
  • 72
    • 30344443140 scopus 로고
    • Equations for oceanic motions
    • 14. J. Sündermann (Ed.), Springer Verlag, Berlin
    • Müller, P. and J. Willebrand, Equations for oceanic motions. In Landolt-Bömstein, Group V, Oceanography, Volume 3b, pages 1.14. J. Sündermann (Ed.), Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1989.
    • (1989) Landolt-Bömstein, Group V, Oceanography , vol.3b , pp. 1
    • Müller, P.1    Willebrand, J.2
  • 73
    • 0034975748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origin and pathway of the saline inflow to the Nordic Seas: Insigths from models
    • New, A.L., S. Barnard, P. Herrmann, and J.M. Molines, On the origin and pathway of the saline inflow to the Nordic Seas: insigths from models. Prog. Oceanogr 48, 123-161, 2001.
    • (2001) Prog. Oceanogr , vol.48 , pp. 123-161
    • New, A.L.1    Barnard, S.2    Herrmann, P.3    Molines, J.M.4
  • 75
    • 0043285332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulated North Atlantic-Nordic Seas water mass exchanges in an isopycnic coordinate OGCM
    • Nilsen, J.E.Ø., Y. Gao, H. Drange, T. Furevik, and M. Bentsen, Simulated North Atlantic-Nordic Seas water mass exchanges in an isopycnic coordinate OGCM. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, doi: 10.1029/2002GL016597, 2003.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.30
    • Nilsen, J.E.Ø.1    Gao, Y.2    Drange, H.3    Furevik, T.4    Bentsen, M.5
  • 76
    • 0027869518 scopus 로고
    • Simulation of the Atlantic circulation with a coupled sea-ice mixed layer-isopycnal general circulation model, Part 1: Model description
    • Oberhuber, J.M., Simulation of the Atlantic circulation with a coupled sea-ice mixed layer-isopycnal general circulation model, Part 1: Model description. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 23, 808-829, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.23 , pp. 808-829
    • Oberhuber, J.M.1
  • 78
    • 22044439246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measured volume, heat, and salt fluxes from the Atlantic to the Arctic Mediterranean
    • Østerhus, S., W.R. Turrell, S. Jónsson, and B. Hansen, Measured volume, heat, and salt fluxes from the Atlantic to the Arctic Mediterranean. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32, L07603, doi: 10.1029/2004GL022188, 2005.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.32
    • Østerhus, S.1    Turrell, W.R.2    Jónsson, S.3    Hansen, B.4
  • 79
    • 0033669856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the implementation of open boundary conditions for a general circulation model: The three- dimensional case
    • Palma, E.D. and R.P. Matano, On the implementation of open boundary conditions for a general circulation model: the three- dimensional case. J Geophys. Res. 105, 8605-8627, 2000.
    • (2000) J Geophys. Res , vol.105 , pp. 8605-8627
    • Palma, E.D.1    Matano, R.P.2
  • 80
    • 0030820896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A one-dimensional model for the parameterization of deep convection in the ocean.
    • Paluskiewicz, T. and R.D. Romea, A one-dimensional model for the parameterization of deep convection in the ocean. Dyn. Atm. Ocean 26, 95-130, 1997.
    • (1997) Dyn. Atm. Ocean , vol.26 , pp. 95-130
    • Paluskiewicz, T.1    Romea, R.D.2
  • 81
    • 0030818296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new nested boundary condition for a primitive equation ocean model
    • Perkins, A.L., L.F. Smedstad, D.W. Blake, and G.W. Hcbum, A new nested boundary condition for a primitive equation ocean model. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 3483-3500, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res , vol.102 , pp. 3483-3500
    • Perkins, A.L.1    Smedstad, L.F.2    Blake, D.W.3    Hcbum, G.W.4
  • 83
    • 0030814812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topographic Sensitivity Studies with a Bryan-Cox-Type Ocean Model
    • Roberts, M.J. and R.A. Wood, Topographic Sensitivity Studies with a Bryan-Cox-Type Ocean Model. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27, 823-836, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.27 , pp. 823-836
    • Roberts, M.J.1    Wood, R.A.2
  • 84
    • 31544436008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An atlas of surface fluxes based on the ECMWF Reanalysis: A climatological dataset to force global ocean general circulation models
    • Röske, F., An atlas of surface fluxes based on the ECMWF Reanalysis: A climatological dataset to force global ocean general circulation models. Max-Planck-Institut fur Meteorvlogie Report 323,31 pp, 2001.
    • (2001) Max-Planck-Institut Fur Meteorvlogie Report , vol.323
    • Röske, F.1
  • 85
    • 0001680548 scopus 로고
    • Joint effect of baroclinicity and bor- rom relief as an important factor in the dynamics of sea currents
    • Sarkisyan, A.S. and VF. Ivanov, Joint effect of baroclinicity and bor- rom relief as an important factor in the dynamics of sea currents. Izv. Acad. Sci. USSR, Atmos. Oceanic Phys. 7, 173-178, 1971.
    • (1971) Izv. Acad. Sci. USSR, Atmos. Oceanic Phys , vol.7 , pp. 173-178
    • Sarkisyan, A.S.1    Ivanov, V.F.2
  • 86
    • 4444320204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctic warming through the Fram Strait - Oceanic heat transport from three years of measurements.
    • Schauer, U., E. Fahrbach, S. Østerhus, and G. Rohardt, Arctic warming through the Fram Strait - Oceanic heat transport from three years of measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 109, C06026, DOI: 10.1029/2003JC001823, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res , vol.109
    • Schauer, U.1    Fahrbach, E.2    Østerhus, S.3    Rohardt, G.4
  • 87
    • 0001164534 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of deepwater formation in the Greenland Sea during the 1980s: Evidence from tracer data
    • Schlosser, P., G. Bönisch, M. Rhein, and R. Bayer, Reduction of deepwater formation in the Greenland Sea during the 1980s: Evidence from tracer data. Science 251, 1054-1056, 1991.
    • (1991) Science , vol.251 , pp. 1054-1056
    • Schlosser, P.1    Bönisch, G.2    Rhein, M.3    Bayer, R.4
  • 88
    • 0001558198 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of the Arctic Ocean circulation
    • Semtner, A.J. Jr., Numerical simulation of the Arctic Ocean circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 6,409-425, 1976a.
    • (1976) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.6 , pp. 409-425
    • Semtner, A.J.1
  • 89
    • 0000267351 scopus 로고
    • A numerical model for the thermodynamic growth of sea ice in numerical investigations of climate
    • Semtner, A.J. Jr., A numerical model for the thermodynamic growth of sea ice in numerical investigations of climate. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 379-389,1976b.
    • (1976) J. Phys. Oceanogr , pp. 379-389
    • Semtner, A.J.1
  • 90
    • 0029472009 scopus 로고
    • Modeling ocean circulation
    • Semtner, A.J. Jr., Modeling ocean circulation. Science 269, 1379-1385, 1995.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 1379-1385
    • Semtner, A.J.1
  • 91
    • 0035175305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the Denmark Strait overflow: A numerical study
    • Shi, X.B., L.P. Rød, and B. Hackett, Variability of the Denmark Strait overflow: A numerical study. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 22277-22294, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res , vol.106 , pp. 22277-22294
    • Shi, X.B.1    Rød, L.P.2    Hackett, B.3
  • 92
    • 0029749176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat budgets of the Arctic Mediterranean and sea surface heat flux parametrizations for the Nordic Seas
    • Simonsen, K. and P.M. Haugan, Heat budgets of the Arctic Mediterranean and sea surface heat flux parametrizations for the Nordic Seas. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 6553-6576, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res , vol.101 , pp. 6553-6576
    • Simonsen, K.1    Haugan, P.M.2
  • 93
    • 0037523553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volume, heat and freshwater of the global ocean circulation 1993-2000, estimated from a general circulation model constrained by World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) data
    • Stammer, D., C. Wunsch, R. Giering, C. Eckert, P. Haimbach, J. Marotzke, A. Adcroft, C.N. Hill, and J. Marshall, Volume, heat and freshwater of the global ocean circulation 1993-2000, estimated from a general circulation model constrained by World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) data. J. Geophys. Res. 108, 3007, doi: 10.1029/2001JC001115, 2003a.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res , vol.108 , pp. 3007
    • Stammer, D.1    Wunsch, C.2    Giering, R.3    Eckert, C.4    Haimbach, P.5    Marotzke, J.6    Adcroft, A.7    Hill, C.N.8    Marshall, J.9
  • 97
    • 0010577352 scopus 로고
    • A numerical ocean circulation model of the Norwegian and Greenland Seas.
    • Stevens, D.P., A numerical ocean circulation model of the Norwegian and Greenland Seas. Prog. Oceanog. 27, 365-402, 1991.
    • (1991) Prog. Oceanog , vol.27 , pp. 365-402
    • Stevens, D.P.1
  • 98
    • 0024319349 scopus 로고
    • Simulations of radiocarbon in a coarse-resolution world ocean model, 1, Steady state pre- bomb distributions.
    • Toggweiler, J., K. Dixon, and K. Bryan, Simulations of radiocarbon in a coarse-resolution world ocean model, 1, Steady state pre- bomb distributions. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 8217-8242, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res , vol.94 , pp. 8217-8242
    • Toggweiler, J.1    Dixon, K.2    Bryan, K.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.