The neuroscience of spiritual experience in organizations

Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 3-28

  Smith, Aaron C T ^a  

^a LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Brain; Neuroscience; Ritual; Spiritual Experience

Indexed keywords

EID: 85007815915     PISSN: 14766086     EISSN: 1942258X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14766080809518687     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Afifi, A. and Bergman, R. (2005) Functional Neuroanatomy: Text and Atlas. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw Hill.
2. Aftanas, S. and Golocheikine, S. (2001) Human anterior and frontal midline theta and lower alpha reflect emotionally positive state and internalized attention: High-resolution EEG investigation of meditation, Neuroscience Letters, 310, 57-60.
3. Alper, M. (2001) The “God” Part of The Brain: A Scientific Interpretation of Human Spirituality and God. New York: Rogue.
4. Ashby, F., Isen, G., Alice, M. and Turken, U. (1999) A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition, Psychological Review, 106(3), 529-550.
5. Ashmos, D. and Duchon, D. (2000) Spirituality at work: A conceptualization and measure, Journal of Management Inquiry, 9(2), 134-145.
6. Atran, S. (2002a) In Gods We Trust: The Evolutionary Landscape of Religion. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
7. Atran, S. (2002b) The neuropsychology of religion, in. R. Joseph (Ed) Neurotheology, California: University Press.
8. Austin, J. (1998) Zen and the Brain. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
9. Benefiel, M. (2003a) Irreconcilable foes? The discourse of spirituality and the discourse of organizational science, Organization, 10(2), 383-391.
10. Benefiel, M. (2003b) Mapping the terrain of spirituality in organizations research, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 367-377.
11. Benson, H. and Stark, M. (1996) Timeless Healing: The Power and Biology of Belief. New York: Fireside.
12. Bulbulia, J. (2004) Religious costs as adaptations that signal altruistic intention, Evolution and Cognition, 10(1), 19-38.
13. Bulkeley, K. (2002) The evolution of wonder: Religious and neuroscientific perspectives, Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Religion, Toronto, Canada.
14. Burack, E. H. (1999) Spirituality in the workplace, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12(4), 280-291.
15. Burzik, A. (2004) On the neurophysiology of flow thought-provoking studies from sport and music psychology, neurofeedback and trance research, Second European Conference on Positive Psychology, Verbania Pallanza, Italy.
16. CAOT (1997) Enabling Occupation: An Occupational Therapy Perspective. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists Publications.
17. Carter, O., Presti, D., Callistemon, C., Ungerer, Y., Liu, G. and Pettigrew, J. (2004) Meditation alters perceptual rivalry in Tibetan Buddhist monks, Current Biology, 15(11), R412-R413.
18. Crick, F. (1994) The Astonishing Hypothesis: The Scientific Search for the Soul. New York: Touchstone.
19. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990) Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: Harper & Row.
20. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1997) Finding Flow: The Psychology of Engagement with Everyday Life. New York: Basic Books.
21. Cunha, M.P., Rego, A and D’Oliveira, T. (2006) Organizational Spiritualities: An ideology-based typology, Business and Society, 45(2), 211-344.
22. Cysarz, D. and Bussing, A. (2005) Cardiorespiratory synchronization during Zen meditation, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 95(1), 88-95.
23. D’Aquili, E. and Newberg, A. (1998) The neuropsychological basis of religions, or why god won't go away, Zygon, 33(2), 187-201.
24. D’Aquili, E. and Newberg, A. (2000) The neuropsychology of aesthetic, spiritual, and mystical states, Zygon, 35(1), 39-51.
25. Davidson, R. J., Kabat-Zinn, J., Schumacher, J., Rosenkranz, M., Muller, D., Santorelli, S. F., Urbanowski, F., Harrington, A., Bonus, K. and Sheridan, J. F. (2003) Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation, Psychosomatic Medicine, 65(4), 564-570.
26. Dehler, G. E. and Welsh, M. A. (1994) Spirituality and organizational transformation, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 9(6), 17-26.
27. Dillon, K. T., J. (2000) Spirituality and being in the zone in team sports: A relationship? Journal of Sport Behavior, 23(2), 91-100.
28. Donald, M. (1991) Origins of the Modem Mind. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
29. Freshman, B. (1999) An exploratory analysis of definitions and applications of spirituality in the workplace, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12(4), 318-327.
30. Fudge, J. L., Powers, J. M., Haber, S. N. and Caine, E. D. (1998) Considering the role of the amygdala in psychotic illness: A clinicopathological correlation, Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 10(4), 383-394.
31. Guillory, W.A. (2000) The Living Organization: Spirituality in the workplace. Salt Lake City: Innovational International.
32. Harlos, K.P. (2000) Toward a spiritual pedagogy: Meaning, practice, and applications in management education, Journal of Management Education, 24, 612-630.
33. Heaton, D., Schmidt-Wilk, J. and Travis, F. (2004) Constructs, methods, and measures for researching spirituality in organizations, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(1), 62-82.
34. Howell, J. D. (1997) ASC induction techniques, spiritual experiences, and commitment to new religious movements, Sociology of Religion, 58(2), 141-165.
35. King, J. and Crowther, M. (2004) The measurement of religiosity and spirituality, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(1), 83-101.
36. Kozart, M. (1998) Religious experience was not correctly defined, Journal of Neuropsychiatry, 10(4), 476.
37. Krishnakumar, S. and Neck, C. (2002) “The What”, “Why And ”How“ Of spirituality in the workplace” Journal of Managerial Psychology vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 153-164.
38. Lund Dean, K. (2004) Systems thinkings’ challenge to research in spirituality and religion at work: An interview with Ian Mitroff, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(1), 11-25.
39. Lund Dean, K., Fomaciari, C. and McGee, J. (2003) Research in spirituality, religion, and work: Walking the line between relevance and legitimacy, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 378-395.
40. Lutz, A., Greischar, L. L., Rawlings, N. B., Ricard, M. and Davidson, R. J. (2004) Long-term meditators self-induce high-amplitude gamma synchrony during mental practice, PNAS, 101(46), 16369-16373.
41. MacLennan, B. (2002) Evolutionary neurotheology and the varieties of religious experience, in R. Joseph (Ed) Neurotheology, California: University Press.
42. McCormick, D.W (1994) Spirituality and management, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 9(6), 5-8.
43. Mclnnman, A. G., J. (1991) Peak moments in sport: A literature review, Quest, 43, 333-351.
44. Mohamed, A.A., Wisnieski, J., Askar, M. and Syed, I. (2004) Towards a theory of spirituality in the workplace, Competitiveness Review, 14(1/2), 102-107.
45. Morrison, A. P., Wells, A. andNothard, S. (2000) Cognitive factors in predisposition to auditory and visual hallucinations, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 39, 67-78.
46. Naylor, T.H., Willimon, W.H. and Osterberg, R. (1996) The Search for Meaning in the Workplace. Nashville: Abington Press.
47. Neck, C.P. and Millman, J.F (1994) Thought self-leadership: Finding spiritual fulfillment in organizational life, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 9(6), 9-16.
48. Newberg, A. (2001) Putting the mystical mind together, Zygon, 36(3), 501-507.
49. Newberg, A., Alavi, A., Baime, M., Pourdehand, M., Santanna, J. and d'Aguili, E. (2001) The measurement of cerebral blood flow during the complex cognitive task of meditation, Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging Section, 106, 113-122.
50. Newberg, A. and d'Aquili, E. (2000) The creative brain/the creative mind, Zygon, 35(1), 53-68.
51. Newberg, A. and Lee, B. (2005) The neuroscientific study of religious and spiritual phenomena: Or why god doesn't use biostatistics, Zygon, 40(2), 469-490.
52. Paloutzian, R.F. and Park, C.L. (2005) Integrative themes in the current science of the psychology of religion, in R.F. Paloutzian and C.L. Park (Eds) Handbook of the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, New York: Guilford Press, 3-20
53. Park, C.L. (2005) Religion and meaning, in R.F. Paloutzian and C.L. Park (Eds) Handbook of the Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, New York: Guilford Press, 295-314
54. Persinger, M. (1987) Neurophysiological Bases of God Beliefs, New York: Praeger.
55. Persinger, M. (1992) Right hemisphericity, low self-esteem, and unusual experiences: A response to Vingiano, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 75, 568-570.
56. Persinger, M. A. (1997) I would kill in god’s name: Role of sex, weekly church attendance, report of a religious experience, and limbic lability, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85, 128-130.
57. Persinger, M. A. (2001) The neuropsychiatry of paranormal experiences, Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 13(4), 515-524.
58. Persinger, M. A. (2003) The sensed presence within experimental settings: Implications for the male and female concept of self, Journal of Psychology, 137(1), 5-16.
59. Pfenninger, D. and Klion, R. (1994) Fitting the world to constructs: The role of activity in meaning making, Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 7, 151-161.
60. Porth, S., McCall, J and Bausch T. (1999) Spiritual themes of the ‘learning organization’, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 13(3), 211-220.
61. Prince, R. H. (1992) Religious experience and psychopathology: Cross- cultural perspectives, in J. F. Schumaker Religion and Mental Health, New York: Oxford University Press.
62. Rausch-Albright, C. (2000) The ‘God module’ and the complexifying brain, Zygon, 35(4), 735-744.
63. Rogers, L. J. and Kaplan, G. (2000) Songs, Roars, and Rituals Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
64. Roll, W. G., Persinger, M.A., Webster, D.L., Tiller, S.G., Cook, C.M. (2002) Neurobehavioral and neurometabolic (SPECT) correlates of paranormal information: Involvement of the right hemisphere and its sensitivity to weak complex magnetic fields, International Journal of Neuroscience, 112(2), 197-224.
65. Saver, J. and Rabin, J. (1997) The neural substrates of religious experience, Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 9(3), 498-510.
66. Schmidt-Wilk, J., Heaton, D.P. and Steingard, D (2000) Higher education for higher consciousness: Maharishi University of Management as a model of spirituality in management education, Journal of Management Education, 24(5), 580-611.
67. Sosis, R. and Alcorta, C. S. (2003) Signaling, solidarity and the sacred: The evolution of religious behavior, Evolutionary Anthropology, 12,264-274.
68. Sperry, R. W. (1991) Search for beliefs to live by consistent with science, Zygon, 26(2), 237-258.
69. Spezio, M. L. (2001) Understanding biology in religious experience: The biogenetic structuralist approach of Eugene d’Aquili and Andrew Newberg, Zygon, 36(3), 477-484.
70. Steingard, D.S. (2005) Spiritually-informed management theory: Toward profound possibilities for inquiry and transformation, Journal of Management Inquiry, 14(3), 227-241.
71. Teske, J. (1996) The spiritual limits of neuropsychological life, Zygon, 31(2), 209-234.
72. Teske, J. A. (1997) The neuroanthropological fabric of spirit, in N. H. Gregersen, M. W. S. Parsons and C. Wassermann (Eds) Studies in Science and Theology, Geneva: Labor et Fides, 163-178.
73. Travis, F. and Pearson C. (2000) Pure consciousness: distinct phenomenological and physiological correlates of‘consciousness itself, The International Journal of Neuroscience, 100(1-4), 77-89.
74. Twitchell, J. (2004) Branded Nation: The Marketing of Megachurch, College, inc., and Museum World. San Francisco: Simon and Schuster.
75. Winkelman, M. (2002) Shamanism as neurotheology and evolutionary psychology, The American Behavioral Scientist, 45(12), 1875-1887.
76. Wise, A. (2002) Awakening the Mind:A Guide to Mastering the Power of Your Brain Waves. New York: Tarcher/Putnam.
77. Wuerfel, J., Krishnamoorthy, E.S., Brown, R. J., Lemieux, L., Koepp, M., Tebartz van Elst, L. and Trimble, M.R. (2004) Religiosity is associated with hippocampal but not amygdala volumes in patients with refractory epilepsy, Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgical Psychiatry, 75, 640-642.