Novel optical configurations for virtual reality: Evaluating user preference and performance with focus-tunable and monovision near-eye displays

Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings

Volumn , Issue , 2016, Pages 1211-1220

  Konrad, Robert ^a   Cooper, Emily A ^b   Wetzstein, Gordon ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b DARTMOUTH COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Focus cues; User comfort; User performance; Virtual reality

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE OPTICS; HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION; HUMAN ENGINEERING; HUMAN REACTION TIME; STEREO IMAGE PROCESSING;

ACTUATED DISPLAYS; IMPROVE PERFORMANCE; OPTICAL CONFIGURATIONS; STEREOSCOPIC DISPLAY; USER COMFORTS; USER EXPERIENCE; USER PERFORMANCE; VISUAL DISCOMFORT;

VIRTUAL REALITY;

EID: 85006890949     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1145/2858036.2858140     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (44)

1. K. Akeley, S. J Watt, A. R Girshick, and M. S Banks. 2004. A Stereo Display Prototype with Multiple Focal Distances. ACM Trans. Graph. 23, 3(2004), 804-813.
2. A. Back. 1995. Factors Influencing Success and Failure in Monovision. Int. Contact Lens Clinic 22, 7(1995), 165-72.
3. R. Bakeman. 2005. Recommended effect size statistics for repeated measures designs. Behavior research methods 37, 3(2005), 379-384.
4. B. A. Barsky and T. J. Kosloff. 2008. Algorithms for Rendering Depth of Field Effects in Computer Graphics. In Proc. Int. Conf. on Computers. 999-1010.
5. J. P. Brooker and P. M. Sharkey. 2001. Operator performance evaluation of controlled depth of field in a stereographically displayed virtual environment. Proc. SPIE 4297(2001), 408-417.
6. WN Charman and G. Heron. 1988. Fluctuations in accommodation: a review. Ophthalmic & physiological optics 8, 2(1988), 153-164.
7. E. Dolgoff. 1997. Real-Depth imaging: a new 3D imaging technology with inexpensive direct-view (no glasses) video and other applications. Proc. SPIE 3012(1997), 282-288.
8. A. T. Duchowski, D. H. House, J. Gestring, R. I. Wang, K. Krejtz, I. Krejtz, R. Mantiuk, and B. Bazyluk. 2014. Reducing Visual Discomfort of 3D Stereoscopic Displays with Gaze-contingent Depth-of-field. In ACM Symposium on Applied Perception. 39-46.
9. B. J. Evans. 2007. Monovision: a review. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 27, 5(2007), 417-439.
10. GE. Favalora. 2005. Volumetric 3D Displays and Application Infrastructure. IEEE Computer 38, 8(2005), 37-44.
11. R. Gil-Cazorla, S. Shah, and S. A. Naroo. 2015. A review of the surgical options for the correction of presbyopia. British Journal of Ophthalmology (2015).
12. E. Harb, F. Thorn, and D. Troilo. 2006. Characteristics of accommodative behavior during sustained reading in emmetropes and myopes. Vision Research 46, 16(2006), 2581-92.
13. M. G. Harris, J. E. Sheedy, and C. M. Gan. 1992. Vision and Task Performance with Monovision and Diffractive Bifocal Contact Lenses. Optometry and Vision Science 69, 8(1992), 609-14.
14. R. T. Held, E. A. Cooper, and M. S. Banks. 2012. Blur and Disparity Are Complementary Cues to Depth. Current Biology 22, 5(2012), 426-431.
15. S. Hillaire, A. Lecuyer, R. Cozot, and G. Casiez. 2008. Using an Eye-Tracking System to Improve Camera Motions and Depth-of-Field Blur Effects in Virtual Environments. In Proc. IEEE VR. 47-50.
16. D. M. Hoffman and M. S. Banks. 2010. Focus information is used to interpret binocular images. Journal of Vision 10, 5(2010), 13.
17. X. Hu and H. Hua. 2014. Design and Assessment of a Depth-Fused Multi-Focal-Plane Display Prototype. Journal of Display Technology 10, 4(2014), 308-316.
18. F. C. Huang, K. Chen, and G. Wetzstein. 2015. The Light Field Stereoscope: Immersive Computer Graphics via Factored Near-Eye Light Field Display with Focus Cues. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH) 34, 4 (2015).
19. P. V. Johnson, J. A. Q. Parnell, J. Kim, C. D. Saunter, G. D. Love, and M. S. Banks. 2015. Dynamic lens and monovision 3D displays to improve viewer comfort. ArXiv e-prints 1512.09163 (2015).
20. A. Jones, I. McDowall, H. Yamada, M. Bolas, and P. Debevec. 2007. Rendering for an interactive 360° light field display. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH) 26, 3 (2007).
21. M. Lambooij, M. Fortuin, I. Heynderickx, and W. Usselsteijn. 2009. Visual Discomfort and Visual Fatigue of Stereoscopic Displays: A Review. Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 53, 3 (2009).
22. D. Lanman, M. Hirsch, Y. Kim, and R. Raskar. 2010. Content-Adaptive Parallax Barriers: Optimizing Dual-Layer 3D Displays using Low-Rank Light Field Factorization. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH Asia) 29, 6(2010), 163:1-163:10.
23. D. Lanman and D. Luebke. 2013. Near-eye Light Field Displays. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH Asia) 32, 6(2013), 220:1-220:10.
24. S. Liu, D. Cheng, and H. Hua. 2008. An optical see-through head mounted display with addressable focal planes. In Proc. ISMAR. 33-42.
25. P. Llull, N. Bedard, W. Wu, I. Tosic, K. Berkner, and N. Balram. 2015. Design and optimization of a near-eye multifocal display system for augmented reality. In OSA Imaging and Applied Optics.
26. G. D. Love and M. S. Banks. 2014. Stereoscopic Image Generation with Asymmetric Level of Sharpness, Patent Application WO2014199127A1. (2014).
27. G. D. Love, D. M. Hoffman, P. J. Hands, J. Gao, A. K. Kirby, and M. S. Banks. 2009. High-speed switchable lens enables the development of a volumetric stereoscopic display. Optics Express 17, 18(2009), 15716-25.
28. G. Maiello, M. Chessa, F. Solari, and P. J. Bex. 2014. Simulated disparity and peripheral blur interact during binocular fusion. Journal of Vision 14, 8 (2014).
29. A. Maimone, G. Wetzstein, M. Hirsch, D. Lanman, R. Raskar, and H. Fuchs. 2013. Focus 3D: Compressive Accommodation Display. ACM Trans. Graphics 32, 5(2013), 153:1-153:13.
30. L. Marran and C. Schor. 1997. Multiaccommodative stimuli in VR systems: problems and solutions. Human Factors 39, 3(1997), 382-388.
31. M. Mauderer, S. Conte, M. A. Nacenta, and D. Vishwanath. 2014. Depth Perception with Gaze-contingent Depth of Field. ACM SIGCHI (2014).
32. R. Narain, R. Albert, A. Bulbul, G. J. Ward, M. S. Banks, and J. F. O'Brien. 2015. Optimal Presentation of Imagery with Focus Cues on Multi-Plane Displays. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH) 34, 4 (2015).
33. E. Peli. 1999. Optometric and perceptual issues with head-mounted displays. In Visual Instrumentation: Optical Design & Engineering Principles. McGraw-Hill.
34. J. Rolland, M. Krueger, and A. Goon. 2000. Multifocal planes head-mounted displays. Applied Optics 39, 19(2000), 3209-3215.
35. J. Rolland and L. Vaissie. 2002. Head mounted display with eyetracking capability. U. S. Patent 6, 433, 760B1. (2002).
36. B. Schowengerdt and E. Seibel. 2006. True 3-D scanned voxel displays using single or multiple light sources. J. SID 14, 2(2006), 135-143.
37. T. Shibata, J. Kim, D. M. Hoffman, and M. S. Banks. 2011. The zone of comfort: Predicting visual discomfort with stereo displays. Journal of Vision 11, 8(2011), 11.
38. S. Siegel. 1956. Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. McGraw-Hill.
39. T. Sugihara and T. Miyasato. 1998. 32.4: A Lightweight 3-D HMD with Accommodative Compensation. SID Digest 29, 1(1998), 927-930.
40. I. E. Sutherland. 1968. A Head-mounted Three Dimensional Display. In Proc. Fall Joint Computer Conference. 757-764.
41. M. Waldkirch, P. Lukowicz, and G. Troster. 2004. Multiple imaging technique for extending depth of focus in retinal displays. Optics Express 12, 25 (2004).
42. S. J. Watt, K. Akeley, M. O. Ernst, and M. S. Banks. 2005. Focus cues affect perceived depth. Journal of Vision 5, 7(2005), 834-862.
43. G. Wetzstein, D. Lanman, M. Hirsch, and R. Raskar. 2012. Tensor Displays: Compressive Light Field Synthesis using Multilayer Displays with Directional Backlighting. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH) 31, 4(2012), 1-11.
44. T. Zhou, J. X. Chen, and M. Pullen. 2007. Accurate Depth of Field Simulation in Real Time. Computer Graphics Forum 26, 1(2007), 15-23.