An investigation of the use of e-mail as a supplemental modality for clinical supervision

Counselor Education and Supervision

Volumn 44, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 82-95

  Clingerman, Tamara L ^a   Bernard, Janine M ^a  

^a SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85000699264     PISSN: 00110035     EISSN: 15566978     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/j.1556-6978.2004.tb01862.x     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Barak, A., (1999). Psychological applications on the Internet: A discipline on the threshold of a new millennium. Applied & Preventive Psychology, 8(4), 231-245.
2. Bernard, J. M., (1979). Supervisor training: A discrimination model. Counselor Education and Supervision, 19, 60-68.
3. Bernard, J. M., (1997). The discrimination model. In C. E.Watkins Jr. (Ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy supervision (pp. 310-327). New York: Wiley.
4. Bernard, J. M., and Goodyear, R. K., (2004). Fundamentals of clinical supervision (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
5. Cohen, G. E., and Kerr, B. A., (1998). Computer-mediated counseling: An empirical study of a new mental health treatment. Computers in Human Services. 15(4), 13-26.
6. Cook, J. E., and Doyle, C., (2002). Working alliance in online therapy as compared to face-to-face therapy: Preliminary results. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 5, 95-105.
7. Ellis, M. V., and Dell, D. M., (1986). Dimensionality of supervisor roles: Supervisors’ perceptions of supervision. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33, 282-291.
8. Ellis, M. V., Dell, D. M., and Good, G. E., (1988). Counselor trainees’ perceptions of supervisor roles: Two studies testing the dimensionality of supervision. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35, 315-324.
9. Finfgeld, D. L., (1999). Psychotherapy in cyberspace. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 5(4), 105-110.
10. Glidden, C. E., and Tracey, T. J., (1992). A multidimensional scaling analysis of supervisory dimensions and their perceived relevance across trainee experience levels. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 23, 151-157.
11. Goodyear, R. K., Abadie, P. D., and Efros, F., (1984). Supervisory theory into practice: Differential perception of supervision by Ekstein, Ellis, Polster, and Rogers. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 228-237.
12. Goodyear, R. K., and Nelson, M. L., (1997). The major formats of psychotherapy supervision. In C. E.Watkins Jr. (Ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy supervision (pp. 328-344). New York: Wiley.
13. Goodyear, R. K., and Robyak, J. E., (1982). Supervisors’ theory and experience in supervisory focus. Psychological Reports, 51, 978.
14. Graf, N. M., and Stebnicki, M. A., (2002). Using email for clinical supervision in practicum: A qualitative analysis. Journal of Rehabilitation, 68(3), 41-49.
15. Granello, D. H., (2002). Assessing the cognitive development of counseling students: Changes in epistemological assumptions. Counselor Education and Supervision, 41, 279-293.
16. Griffith, B. A., and Frieden, G., (2000). Facilitating reflective thinking in counselor education. Counselor Education and Supervision, 40, 82-93.
17. Huff, M., and Edwards, S., (2001). Using technological tools to enhance learning in social work diversity courses. Journal of Technology in Human Services, 18, 51-64.
18. Janoff, D. S., and Schoenholtz-Read, J., (1999). Group supervision meets technology: A model for computer-mediated group training at a distance. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 49, 255-272.
19. Joinson, A., (1998). Causes and implications of disinhibited behavior on the Internet. In J.Gackenbach (Ed.), Psychology and the Internet: Intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal implications (pp. 43-60). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
20. Kanz, J. E., (2001). Clinical-supervision.com: Issues in the provision of online supervision. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 32, 415-420.
21. Koch, L. C., Arhar, J. M., and Wells, L. M., (2000). Educating rehabilitation counseling students in reflective practice. Rehabilitation Education, 14, 255-268.
22. Lange, A., van de Ven, J., Schrieken, B., and Emmelkamp, P., (2001). Interapy. Treatment of posttraumatic stress through the Internet: A controlled trial. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 32, 73-90.
23. Lanning, W., (1986). Development of the Supervisor Emphasis Rating Form. Counselor Education and Supervision, 25, 191-196.
24. Leddick, G. R., and Bernard, J. M., (1980). The history of supervision: A critical review. Counselor Education and Supervision, 19, 186-196.
25. McMinn, M. R., Buchanan, T., Ellens, B. M., and Ryan, M. K., (1999). Technology, professional practice, and ethics: Survey findings and implications. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 30, 165-172.
26. Murdoch, J. W., and Connor-Greene, P. A., (2000). Enhancing therapeutic impact and therapeutic alliance through electronic mail homework assignments. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice & Research, 9, 232-237.
27. Murphy, L. J., and Mitchell, D. L., (1998). When writing helps to heal: Email as therapy. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 26, 21-32.
28. Myrick, R. D., and Sabella, R. A., (1995). Cyberspace: New place for counselor supervision. Elementary School Guidance & Counseling, 30, 35-44.
29. Neufeldt, S. A., (1999). Training in reflective processes in supervision. In M.Carroll & E.Holloway (Eds.), Educating clinical supervisors (pp. 92-105). London: Sage.
30. Neufeldt, S. A., Karno, M. P., and Nelson, M. L., (1996). A qualitative study of experts’ conceptualization of supervisee reflectivity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 3-9.
31. Olson, M. M., Russell, C. S., and White, M. B., (2001). Technological implications for clinical supervision and practice. The Clinical Supervisor, 20(2), 201-215.
32. Robinson, P. H., and Serfaty, M. A., (2001). The use of email in the identification of bulimia nervosa and its treatment. European Eating Disorders Review, 9, 182-193.
33. Romano, J. L., and Cikanek, K. L., (2003). Group work and computer applications: Instructional components for graduate students. Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 28, 23-34.
34. Stebnicki, M. A., and Glover, N. M., (2001). E-supervision as a complementary approach to traditional face-to-face clinical supervision in rehabilitation counseling: Problems and solutions. Rehabilitation Education, 15, 283-293.
35. Stenack, R. J., and Dye, H. A., (1982). Behavioral descriptions of counseling supervision roles. Counselor Education and Supervision, 21, 295-304.
36. VandenBos, G. R., and Williams, S., (2000). The Internet versus the telephone: What is telehealth, anyway Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 31, 490-492.
37. Yager, G. G., Wilson, F. R., Brewer, D., and Kinnetz, P., (1989, April). The development and validation of an instrument to measure counseling supervisor focus and style. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco.
38. Yu, F., (2002). The efficacy of electronic telecommunications in fostering interpersonal relationships. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 26, 177-189.
39. Zuboff, S., (1988). In the age of the smart machine: The future of work and power. New York: Basic Books.