Influence of boundary conditions and anthropogenic emission inventories on simulated O3 and PM2.5 concentrations over Lebanon

Atmospheric Pollution Research

Volumn 7, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 971-979

  Abdallah, C ^a,b   Sartelet, K ^a   Afif, C ^b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE L'OUEST   (France)

^b SAINT JOSEPH UNIVERSITY   (Lebanon)

Author keywords

Air quality modeling; Lebanon; Middle East; Ozone; Particulate matter

Indexed keywords

EID: 84994475753     PISSN: 13091042     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2016.06.001     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. 2 in Beirut: air quality implication and effects of local emissions and long-range transport. Air Qual. Atmos. Health 1 (2008), 167–178.
2. 2 concentrations in Beirut. Air Qual. Atmos. Health 2 (2009), 57–67.
3. Airbase, http://acm.eionet.europa.eu/databases/airbase, 2009 accessed in 2013.
4. Boylan, J.W., Russell, A.G., PM and light extinction model performance metrics, goals, and criteria for three-dimensional air quality models. Atmos. Environ. 40 (2006), 4946–4959.
5. Bretherton, C.S., Park, S., A new moist turbulence parameterization in the community atmosphere model. J. Clim. 22 (2009), 3422–3448.
6. Center for International Earth Science Information Network - CIESIN - Columbia University, United Nations Food and Agriculture Programme - FAO, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical - CIAT, Gridded Population of the World, Version 3 (GPWv3): Population Count Grid, Future Estimates. 2005.
7. 2O) aerosol model: development, evaluation and sensitivity analysis. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 117, 2012.
8. Debry, E., Fahey, K., Sartelet, K., Sportisse, B., Tombette, M., Technical note: a new SIze REsolved aerosol model (SIREAM). Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7 (2007), 1537–1547.
9. EMEP, http://www.emep.int, 2009 accessed in 2013.
10. Emmons, L.K., Walters, S., Hess, P.G., Lamarque, J.-F., Pfister, G.G., Fillmore, D., Granier, C., Guenther, A., Kinnison, D., Laepple, T., Orlando, J., Tie, X., Tyndall, G., Wiedinmyer, C., Baughcum, S.L., Kloster, S., Description and evaluation of the model for ozone and related chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4). Geosci. Model Dev. 3 (2010), 43–67.
11. EU, Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe. 2008.
12. Guenther, A., Karl, T., Harley, P., Wiedinmyer, C., Palmer, P.I., Geron, C., Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature). Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6 (2006), 3181–3210.
13. Janssens-Maenhout, G., Dentener, F., van Aardenne, J., Monni, S., Pagliari, V., Orlandini, L., Klimont, Z., Kurokawa, J., Akimoto, H., Ohara, T., Wankmüller, R., Battye, B., Grano, D., Zuber, A., Keating, T., EDGAR-HTAP: a Harmonized Gridded Air Pollution Emission Dataset Based on National Inventories (No. EUR 25229 EN). 2012, European Commission Joint Research Centre.
14. Kousoulidou, M., Ntziachristos, L., Mellios, G., Samaras, Z., Road-transport emission projections to 2020 in European urban environments. Atmos. Environ. 42 (2008), 7465–7475.
15. Mallet, V., Quélo, D., Sportisse, B., Ahmed de Biasi, M., Debry, É., Korsakissok, I., Wu, L., Roustan, Y., Sartelet, K., Tombette, M., Foudhil, H., Technical Note: the air quality modeling system Polyphemus. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7 (2007), 5479–5487.
16. MoE, Decision 52/1 of the Lebanese Ministry of Environment on Ambient Air, Water and Soil Pollution Standards. 1996.
17. MOE/UNDP/GEF, Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Mitigation Actions of the Transport Sector. 2015 (Beirut, Lebanon).
18. NCAR, http://www.acom.ucar.edu/gctm/mozart/subset.shtml, 2013 accessed in 2013.
19. Nenes, A., Pandis, S., Pilinis, C., ISORROPIA: a new thermodynamic equilibrium model for multiphase multicomponent inorganic aerosols. Aquat. Geochem. 4 (1998), 123–152.
20. Russell, A., Dennis, R., NARSTO critical review of photochemical models and modeling. Atmos. Environ. 34 (2000), 2283–2324.
21. Sartelet, K.N., Debry, E., Fahey, K., Roustan, Y., Tombette, M., Sportisse, B., Simulation of aerosols and gas-phase species over Europe with the Polyphemus system: part I—Model-to-data comparison for 2001. Atmos. Environ. 41 (2007), 6116–6131.
22. Skamarock, W., Klemp, J.B., Dudhia, J., Gill, D.O., Barker, D.M., Duda, M.G., Huang, X.-Y., Wang, W., Powers, J.G., A Description of the Advanced Research WRF Version 3 (No. NCAR/TN-475+STR). 2008, Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division.
23. Streets, D.G., Bond, T.C., Carmichael, G.R., Fernandes, S.D., Fu, Q., He, D., Klimont, Z., Nelson, S.M., Tsai, N.Y., Wang, M.Q., Woo, J.-H., Yarber, K.F., An inventory of gaseous and primary aerosol emissions in Asia in the year 2000. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 108, 2003.
24. Waked, A., Afif, C., Emissions of air pollutants from road transport in Lebanon and other countries in the Middle East region. Atmos. Environ. 61 (2012), 446–452.
25. 2.5 at a semi-urban site in Beirut, Lebanon. Atmos. Res. 143 (2014), 85–94.
26. Waked, A., Afif, C., Seigneur, C., An atmospheric emission inventory of anthropogenic and biogenic sources for Lebanon. Atmos. Environ. 50 (2012), 88–96.
27. Waked, A., Seigneur, C., Couvidat, F., Kim, Y., Sartelet, K., Afif, C., Borbon, A., Formenti, P., Sauvage, S., Modeling air pollution in Lebanon: evaluation at a suburban site in Beirut during summer. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 13 (2013), 5873–5886.
28. WHO, Air Quality Guidelines, Global Update 2005. 2006, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen.
29. Wiedinmyer, C., Akagi, S.K., Yokelson, R.J., Emmons, L.K., Al-Saadi, J.A., Orlando, J.J., Soja, A.J., The Fire INventory from NCAR (FINN): a high resolution global model to estimate the emissions from open burning. Geosci. Model Dev. 4 (2011), 625–641.
30. Yarwood, G., Rao, S., Yocke, M., Whitten, G.Z., Updates to the Carbon Bond Chemical Mechanism: CB05. Final Report to the US EPA (No. RT-04–00675), 2005.