Broadband tunable liquid crystal terahertz waveplates driven with porous graphene electrodes

Light: Science and Applications

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2015, Pages

  Wang, Lei ^a   Lin, Xiao Wen ^a   Hu, Wei ^a   Shao, Guang Hao ^a   Chen, Peng ^a   Liang, Lan Ju ^a   Jin, Biao Bing ^a   Wu, Pei Heng ^a   Qian, Hao ^b   Lu, Yi Nong ^b   Liang, Xiao ^c   Zheng, Zhi Gang ^a   Lu, Yan Qing ^a  

^a NANJING UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b NANJING TECH UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Liquid crystal; Porous graphene; Terahertz; Waveplate

Indexed keywords

BIREFRINGENCE; GRAPHENE; GRAPHITE ELECTRODES; LIQUID CRYSTALS; OPTICAL DEVICES;

HIGH BIREFRINGENCE; HIGH-SPEED COMMUNICATIONS; POLARIZATION EVOLUTION; POROUS GRAPHENE; QUARTER WAVE-PLATE; TERA HERTZ; TERAHERTZ IMAGING; WAVEPLATES;

TRANSPARENT ELECTRODES;

EID: 84989247275     PISSN: 20955545     EISSN: 20477538     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2015.26     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Zhang XC, Xu JZ. Introduction to THz Wave Photonics. New York: Springer; 2010.
2. Koenig S, Lopez-Diaz D, Antes J, Boes F, Henneberger R et al. Wireless sub-THz communication system with high data rate. Nat Photonics 2013; 7: 977-981.
3. Ferguson B, Zhang XC. Materials for terahertz science and technology. Nat Mater 2002; 1: 26-33.
4. Tonouchi M. Cutting-edge terahertz technology. Nat Photonics 2007; 1: 97-105.
5. Kamaraju N, Rubano A, Jian L, Saha S, Venkatesan T et al. Subcycle control of terahertz waveform polarization using all-optically induced transient metamaterials. Light Sci Appl 2014; 3: e155; doi:10.1038/lsa.2014.36.
6. Ma FS, Lin YS, Zhang X, Lee C. Tunable multiband terahertz metamaterials using a reconfigurable electric split-ring resonator array. Light Sci Appl 2014; 3: e171; doi:10.1038/lsa.2014.52.
7. Wu ST, Efron U, Hess LD. Infrared birefringence of liquid crystals. Appl Phys Lett 1984; 44: 1033-1035.
8. Wilk R, Vieweg N, Kopschinski O, Koch M. Liquid crystal based electrically switchable Bragg structure for THz waves. Opt Express 2009; 17:7377-7382.
9. Chen CW, Lin YC, Chang CH, Yu PC, Shieh JM et al. Frequency-dependent complex conductivities and dielectric responses of indium tin oxide thin films from the visible to the far-infrared. IEEE J Quantum Electron 2010; 46: 1746-1754.
10. Wu ST. Birefringence dispersions of liquid crystals. Phys Rev A 1986; 33: 1270-1274.
11. Chen CY, Tsai TR, Pan CL, Pan RP. Room temperature terahertz phase shifter based on magnetically controlled birefringence in liquid crystals. Appl Phys Lett 2003; 83: 4497-4499.
12. Chen CY, Pan CL, Hsieh CF, Lin YF, Pan RP. Liquid-crystal-based terahertz tunable Lyot filter. Appl Phys Lett 2006; 88: 101107.
13. Tsai TR, Chen CY, Pan RP, Pan CL, Zhang XC. Electrically controlled room temperature terahertz phase shifter with liquid crystal. IEEE Microwave Wireless Compont Lett 2004; 14: 77-79.
14. Hsieh CF, Pan RP, Tang TT, Chen HL, Pan CL. Voltage-controlled liquid-crystal terahertz phase shifter and quarter-wave plate. Opt Lett 2006; 31: 1112-1114.
15. Lin XW, Wu JB, Hu W, Zheng ZG, Wu ZJ et al. Self-polarizing terahertz liquid crystal phase shifter. AIP Adv 2011; 1: 032133.
16. Yang CS, Tang TT, Chen PH, Pan RP, Yu P et al. Voltage-controlled liquid-crystal terahertz phase shifter with indium-tin-oxide nanowhiskers as transparent electrodes. Opt Lett 2014; 39: 2511-2513.
17. Khoo IC, Wu ST. Optics and Nonlinear Optics of Liquid Crystals. Singapore: World Scientific; 1993.
18. Wiesauer K, Jördens C. Recent advances in birefringence studies at THz frequencies. J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 2012; 34: 663-681.
19. Gauza S, Wu ST, Spadło A, Dabrowski R. High performance room temperature nematic liquid crystals based on laterally fluorinated isothiocyanato-tolanes. J Display Technol 2006; 2: 247-253.
20. Gauza S, Zhao Y, Cor TL, Wu ST, Dziaduszek J et al. Enhancing birefringence by doping fluorinated phenyltolanes. J Display Technol 2006; 2: 327-332.
21. Wang L, Lin XW, Liang X, Wu JB, Hu W et al. Large birefringence liquid crystal material in terahertz range. Opt Mater Express 2012; 2: 1314-1319.
22. Geim AK, Novoselov KS. The rise of graphene. Nat Mater 2007; 6: 183-191.
23. Vicarelli L, Vitiello M, Coquillat D, Lombardo A, Ferrari A et al. Graphene field-effect transistors as room-temperature terahertz detectors. Nat Mater 2012; 11: 865-871.
24. Ju L, Geng B, Horng J, Girit C, Martin M et al. Graphene plasmonics for tunable terahertz metamaterials. Nat Nanotechnol 2011; 6: 630-634.
25. Wu Y, Ruan X, Chen CH, Shin YJ, Lee Y et al. Graphene/liquid crystal based terahertz phase shifters. Opt Express 2013; 21: 21395-21402.
26. Li X, Zhu Y, Cai W, Borysiak M, Han B et al. Transfer of large-area graphene films for high-performance transparent conductive electrodes. Nano Lett 2009; 9: 4359-4363.
27. Akiyama H, Kawara T, Takada H, Takatsu H, Chigrinov V et al. Synthesis and properties of azo dye aligning layers for liquid crystal cells. Liq Cryst 2002; 29: 1321-1327.
28. Schadt M, Seiberle H, Schuster A. Optical patterning of multi-domain liquid-crystal displays with wide viewing angles. Nature 1996; 381: 212-215.
29. Reina A, Jia X, Ho J, Nezich D, Son H et al. Large area, few-layer graphene films on arbitrary substrates by chemical vapor deposition. Nano Lett 2008; 9: 30-35.
30. 3 Generated graphene nanomesh: formation mechanism, properties, and FET studies. J Phys Chem C 2014; 118: 725-731.
31. Cong LQ, Xu NN, Gu JQ, Singh RJ, Han JG et al. Highly flexible broadband terahertz metamaterial quarter-wave plate. Laser Photonics Rev 2014; 8: 626-632.
32. Chen ZX, Chen JH, Wu ZJ, Hu W, Zhang XJ et al. Tunable Fano resonance in hybrid graphene-metal gratings. Appl Phys Lett 2014; 104: 161114.
33. Kawada Y, Yasuda T, Nakanishi A, Akiyama K, Hakamata K et al. Achromatic prism-type wave plate for broadband terahertz pulses. Opt Lett 2014; 39: 2794-2797.
34. Slussarenko S, Murauski A, Du T, Chigrinov V, Marrucci L et al. Tunable liquid crystal q-plates with arbitrary topological charge. Opt express 2011; 19: 4085-4090.
35. Wei BY, Hu W, Ming Y, Xu F, Rubin S et al. Generating switchable and reconfigurable optical vortices via photopatterning of liquid crystals. Adv Mater 2014; 26:1590-1595.