Optimized donor management and organ preservation before kidney transplantation

Transplant International

Volumn 29, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 974-984

  Mundt, Heiko M ^a   Yard, Benito A ^a   Krämer, Bernhard K ^a   Benck, Urs ^a   Schnülle, Peter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

Author keywords

brain death; donor management; kidney transplantation; organ preservation

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; ATORVASTATIN; CARBON MONOXIDE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DESMOPRESSIN; DOPAMINE; ERYTHROPOIETIN; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; LEVOTHYROXINE; LIOTHYRONINE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; NORADRENALIN; RECOMBINANT HUMAN SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; RINGER LACTATE SOLUTION; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VASOPRESSIN;

ACUTE GRAFT REJECTION; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; BRAIN DEATH; CADAVER DONOR; CRYOPRESERVATION; DELAYED GRAFT FUNCTION; DONOR SELECTION; DRUG MEGADOSE; FLUID THERAPY; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; HYPOVOLEMIA; INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA; ISCHEMIC PRECONDITIONING; KIDNEY DONOR; KIDNEY GRAFT REJECTION; KIDNEY INJURY; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; LOW DRUG DOSE; MACHINE PERFUSION; MEDICAL ETHICS; MULTICENTER STUDY (TOPIC); NONHUMAN; ORGAN PRESERVATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PERFUSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REPERFUSION; REVIEW; TACHYCARDIA; VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION;

EID: 84984656551     PISSN: 09340874     EISSN: 14322277     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/tri.12712     Document Type: Review

References (127)

1. Jassal SV, Krahn MD, Naglie G, et al. Kidney transplantation in the elderly: a decision analysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: 187.
2. Wolfe RA, Ashby VB, Milford EL, Ojo AO, Ettenger RE, Agodoa LY, et al. Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 1725.
3. Schnuelle P, Lorenz D, Trede M, Van Der Woude FJ. Impact of renal cadaveric transplantation on survival in end-stage renal failure: evidence for reduced mortality risk compared with hemodialysis during long-term follow-up. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998; 9: 2135.
4. Barklin A. Systemic inflammation in the brain-dead organ donor. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2009; 53: 425.
5. Floerchinger B, Oberhuber R, Tullius SG. Effects of brain death on organ quality and transplant outcome. Transplant Rev 2012; 26: 54.
6. Mascia L, Mastromauro I, Viberti S, Vincenzi M, Zanello M. Management to optimize organ procurement in brain dead donors. Minerva Anestesiol 2009; 75: 125.
7. Schnuelle P, Johannes van der Woude F. Perioperative fluid management in renal transplantation: a narrative review of the literature. Transpl Int 2006; 19: 947.
8. Martins PN, Chandraker A, Tullius SG. Modifying graft immunogenicity and immune response prior to transplantation: potential clinical applications of donor and graft treatment. Transpl Int 2006; 19: 351.
9. de Vries DK, Wijermars LG, Reinders ME, Lindeman JH, Schaapherder AF. Donor pre-treatment in clinical kidney transplantation: a critical appraisal. Clin Transplant 2013; 27: 799.
10. Abt PL, Marsh CL, Dunn TB, et al. Challenges to research and innovation to optimize deceased donor organ quality and quantity. Am J Transplant 2013; 13: 1400.
11. Pentz RD, Cohen CB, Wicclair M, et al. Ethics guidelines for research with the recently dead. Nat Med 2005; 11: 1145.
12. Rey MM, Ware LB, Matthay MA, et al. Informed consent in research to improve the number and quality of deceased donor organs. Crit Care Med 2011; 39: 280.
13. Feng S. Donor intervention and organ preservation: where is the science and what are the obstacles? Am J Transplant 2010; 10: 1155.
14. Mone T, Heldens J, Niemann CU. Deceased organ donor research: the last research frontier? Liver Transplant 2013; 19: 118.
15. Nafar M, Sahraei Z, Salamzadeh J, Samavat S, Vaziri ND. Oxidative stress in kidney transplantation: causes, consequences, and potential treatment. Iran J Kidney Dis 2011; 5: 357.
16. McCord JM. Oxygen-derived free radicals in postischemic tissue injury. N Engl J Med 1985; 312: 159.
17. Parks DA, Granger DN. Ischemia-reperfusion injury: a radical view. Hepatology 1988; 8: 680.
18. Ambros JT, Herrero-Fresneda I, Borau OG, Boira JM. Ischemic preconditioning in solid organ transplantation: from experimental to clinics. Transpl Int 2007; 20: 219.
19. Land W, Schneeberger H, Schleibner S, et al. The beneficial effect of human recombinant superoxide dismutase on acute and chronic rejection events in recipients of cadaveric renal transplants. Transplantation 1994; 57: 211.
20. Land W. Innate alloimmunity: history and current knowledge. Exp Clin Transplant 2007; 5: 575.
21. Orban JC, Quintard H, Cassuto E, Jambou P, Samat-Long C, Ichai C. Effect of N-acetylcysteine pretreatment of deceased organ donors on renal allograft function: a randomized controlled trial. Transplantation 2015; 99: 746.
22. Ranasinghe AM, Bonser RS. Endocrine changes in brain death and transplantation. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 25: 799.
23. Van den Berghe G. Insulin therapy in the intensive care unit should be targeted to maintain blood glucose between 4.4 mmol/l and 6.1 mmol/l. Diabetologia 2008; 51: 911.
24. Derde S, Vanhorebeek I, Van den Berghe G. Insulin treatment in intensive care patients. Horm Res 2009; 71: 2.
25. Krinsley JS. Effect of an intensive glucose management protocol on the mortality of critically ill adult patients. Mayo Clin Proc 2004; 79: 992.
26. Chase JG, Pretty CG, Pfeifer L, et al. Organ failure and tight glycemic control in the SPRINT study. Crit Care 2010; 14: R154.
27. Finfer S, Chittock DR, Su SY, et al. Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 1283.
28. Sally MB, Ewing T, Crutchfield M, et al. Determining optimal threshold for glucose control in organ donors after neurologic determination of death: a United Network for Organ Sharing Region 5 Donor Management Goals Workgroup prospective analysis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2014; 76: 62.
29. Salim A, Vassiliu P, Velmahos GC, et al. The role of thyroid hormone administration in potential organ donors. Arch Surg 2001; 136: 1377.
30. Jeevanandam V, Todd B, Regillo T, Hellman S, Eldridge C, McClurken J. Reversal of donor myocardial dysfunction by triiodothyronine replacement therapy. J Heart Lung Transplant 1994; 13: 681; discussion 5-7.
31. Zuppa AF, Nadkarni V, Davis L, et al. The effect of a thyroid hormone infusion on vasopressor support in critically ill children with cessation of neurologic function. Crit Care Med 2004; 32: 2318.
32. Macdonald PS, Aneman A, Bhonagiri D, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials of thyroid hormone administration to brain dead potential organ donors. Crit Care Med 2012; 40: 1635.
33. Powner DJ, Hernandez M. A review of thyroid hormone administration during adult donor care. Prog Transplant 2005; 15: 202.
34. Gifford RR, Weaver AS, Burg JE, Romano PJ, Demers LM, Pennock JL. Thyroid hormone levels in heart and kidney cadaver donors. J Heart Transplant 1986; 5: 249.
35. Koller J, Wieser C, Gottardis M, et al. Thyroid hormones and their impact on the hemodynamic and metabolic stability of organ donors and on kidney graft function after transplantation. Transpl Proc 1990; 22: 355.
36. Kainz A, Wilflingseder J, Mitterbauer C, et al. Steroid pretreatment of organ donors to prevent postischemic renal allograft failure: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2010; 153: 222.
37. Reutzel-Selke A, Zschockelt T, Denecke C, et al. Short-term immunosuppressive treatment of the donor ameliorates consequences of ischemia/reperfusion injury and long-term graft function in renal allografts from older donors. Transplantation 2003; 75: 1786.
38. Pratschke J, Kofla G, Wilhelm MJ, et al. Improvements in early behavior of rat kidney allografts after treatment of the brain-dead donor. Ann Surg 2001; 234: 732.
39. Chatterjee SN, Terasaki PI, Fine S, Schulman B, Smith R, Fine RN. Pretreatment of cadaver donors with methylprednisolone in human renal allografts. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1977; 145: 729.
40. Guttmann RD, Morehouse DD, Meakins JL, Klassen J, Knaack J, Beaudoin JG. Donor pretreatment in an unselected series of cadaver renal allografts. Kidney Int Suppl 1978; 8: S99.
41. Zincke H, Woods JE. Donor pretreatment in cadaver renal transplantation. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1977; 145: 183.
42. Jeffery JR, Downs A, Grahame JW, Lye C, Ramsey E, Thomson AE. A randomized prospective study of cadaver donor pretreatment in renal transplantation. Transplantation 1978; 25: 287.
43. Soulillou JP, Baron D, Rouxel A, Guenel J. Steroid-cyclophosphamide pretreatment of kidney allograft donors. A control study. Nephron 1979; 24: 193.
44. Venkateswaran RV, Patchell VB, Wilson IC, et al. Early donor management increases the retrieval rate of lungs for transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg 2008; 85: 278; discussion 86.
45. Kotsch K, Ulrich F, Reutzel-Selke A, et al. Methylprednisolone therapy in deceased donors reduces inflammation in the donor liver and improves outcome after liver transplantation: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg 2008; 248: 1042.
46. Follette DM, Rudich SM, Babcock WD. Improved oxygenation and increased lung donor recovery with high-dose steroid administration after brain death. J Heart Lung Transplant 1998; 17: 423.
47. Bugge JF. Brain death and its implications for management of the potential organ donor. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2009; 53: 1239.
48. Wood KE, Becker BN, McCartney JG, D'Alessandro AM, Coursin DB. Care of the potential organ donor. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 2730.
49. Ferguson CJ, Hillis AN, Williams JD, Griffin PJ, Salaman JR. Calcium-channel blockers and other factors influencing delayed function in renal allografts. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1990; 5: 816.
50. O'Brien EA, Bour SA, Marshall RL, Ahsan N, Yang HC. Effect of use of vasopressors in organ donors on immediate function of renal allografts. J Transpl Coord 1996; 6: 215.
51. Marshall R, Ahsan N, Dhillon S, Holman M, Yang HC. Adverse effect of donor vasopressor support on immediate and one-year kidney allograft function. Surgery 1996; 120: 663; discussion 6.
52. Sutherland FR, Bloembergen W, Mohamed M, Ostbye T, Klar N, Lazarovits AI. Initial nonfunction in cadaveric renal transplantation. Can J Surg 1993; 36: 141.
53. Schnuelle P, Lorenz D, Mueller A, Trede M, Van Der Woude FJ. Donor catecholamine use reduces acute allograft rejection and improves graft survival after cadaveric renal transplantation. Kidney Int 1999; 56: 738.
54. Schnuelle P, Berger S, de Boer J, Persijn G, van der Woude FJ. Effects of catecholamine application to brain-dead donors on graft survival in solid organ transplantation. Transplantation 2001; 72: 455.
55. Schnuelle P, Yard BA, Braun C, et al. Impact of donor dopamine on immediate graft function after kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2004; 4: 419.
56. Schnuelle P, Gottmann U, Hoeger S, et al. Effects of donor pretreatment with dopamine on graft function after kidney transplantation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2009; 302: 1067.
57. Beck G, Brinkkoetter P, Hanusch C, et al. Clinical review: immunomodulatory effects of dopamine in general inflammation. Crit Care 2004; 8: 485.
58. Ahlenstiel T, Burkhardt G, Kohler H, Kuhlmann MK. Bioflavonoids attenuate renal proximal tubular cell injury during cold preservation in Euro-Collins and University of Wisconsin solutions. Kidney Int 2003; 63: 554.
59. Haddad P, Cabrillac JC, Piche D, Musallam L, Huet PM. Changes in intracellular calcium induced by acute hypothermia in parenchymal, endothelial, and Kupffer cells of the rat liver. Cryobiology 1999; 39: 69.
60. Yard B, Beck G, Schnuelle P, et al. Prevention of cold-preservation injury of cultured endothelial cells by catecholamines and related compounds. Am J Transplant 2004; 4: 22.
61. Brinkkoetter PT, Song H, Losel R, et al. Hypothermic injury: the mitochondrial calcium, ATP and ROS love-hate triangle out of balance. Cell Physiol Biochem 2008; 22: 195.
62. Talaei F, Bouma HR, Van der Graaf AC, Strijkstra AM, Schmidt M, Henning RH. Serotonin and dopamine protect from hypothermia/rewarming damage through the CBS/H2S pathway. PLoS ONE 2011; 6: e22568.
63. Dictus C, Vienenkoetter B, Esmaeilzadeh M, Unterberg A, Ahmadi R. Critical care management of potential organ donors: our current standard. Clin Transplant 2009; 23(Suppl 21): 2.
64. Hirschl MM, Matzner MP, Huber WO, et al. Effect of desmopressin substitution during organ procurement on early renal allograft function. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1996; 11: 173.
65. Guesde R, Barrou B, Leblanc I, et al. Administration of desmopressin in brain-dead donors and renal function in kidney recipients. Lancet 1998; 352: 1178.
66. Nijboer WN, Schuurs TA, van der Hoeven JA, et al. Effect of brain death on gene expression and tissue activation in human donor kidneys. Transplantation 2004; 78: 978.
67. Rosendale JD, Kauffman HM, McBride MA, et al. Aggressive pharmacologic donor management results in more transplanted organs. Transplantation 2003; 75: 482.
68. Novitzky D, Cooper DK, Rosendale JD, Kauffman HM. Hormonal therapy of the brain-dead organ donor: experimental and clinical studies. Transplantation 2006; 82: 1396.
69. Benck U, Gottmann U, Hoeger S, et al. Donor desmopressin is associated with superior graft survival after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2011; 92: 1252.
70. Pennefather SH, Bullock RE, Dark JH. The effect of fluid therapy on alveolar arterial oxygen gradient in brain-dead organ donors. Transplantation 1993; 56: 1418.
71. Legendre C, Thervet E, Page B, Percheron A, Noel LH, Kreis H. Hydroxyethylstarch and osmotic-nephrosis-like lesions in kidney transplantation. Lancet 1993; 342: 248.
72. Cittanova ML, Leblanc I, Legendre C, Mouquet C, Riou B, Coriat P. Effect of hydroxyethylstarch in brain-dead kidney donors on renal function in kidney-transplant recipients. Lancet 1996; 348: 1620.
73. Deman A, Peeters P, Sennesael J. Hydroxyethyl starch does not impair immediate renal function in kidney transplant recipients: a retrospective, multicentre analysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 1517.
74. Myburgh JA, Finfer S, Bellomo R, et al. Hydroxyethyl starch or saline for fluid resuscitation in intensive care. N Engl J Med 2012; 367: 1901.
75. Perner A, Haase N, Guttormsen AB, et al. Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 versus Ringer's acetate in severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2012; 367: 124.
76. Busl KM, Bleck TP. Neurogenic pulmonary Edema. Crit Care Med 2015; 43: 1710.
77. Franklin GA, Santos AP, Smith JW, Galbraith S, Harbrecht BG, Garrison RN. Optimization of donor management goals yields increased organ use. Am Surg 2010; 76: 587.
78. Hagan ME, McClean D, Falcone CA, Arrington J, Matthews D, Summe C. Attaining specific donor management goals increases number of organs transplanted per donor: a quality improvement project. Prog Transplant 2009; 19: 227.
79. Malinoski DJ, Patel MS, Daly MC, Oley-Graybill C, Salim A. The impact of meeting donor management goals on the number of organs transplanted per donor: results from the United Network for Organ Sharing Region 5 prospective donor management goals study. Crit Care Med 2012; 40: 2773.
80. Malinoski DJ, Patel MS, Ahmed O, et al. The impact of meeting donor management goals on the development of delayed graft function in kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2013; 13: 993.
81. Debaty G, Maignan M, Savary D, et al. Impact of intra-arrest therapeutic hypothermia in outcomes of prehospital cardiac arrest: a randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 2014; 40: 1832.
82. van der Worp HB, Macleod MR, Bath PM, et al. EuroHYP-1: European multicenter, randomized, phase III clinical trial of therapeutic hypothermia plus best medical treatment vs. best medical treatment alone for acute ischemic stroke. Int J Stroke 2014; 9: 642.
83. Nielsen N, Wetterslev J, Cronberg T, et al. Targeted temperature management at 33 degrees C versus 36 degrees C after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 2013; 369: 2197.
84. Niemann CU, Feiner J, Swain S, et al. Therapeutic hypothermia in deceased organ donors and kidney-graft function. N Engl J Med 2015; 373: 405.
85. Yuan X, Theruvath AJ, Ge X, et al. Machine perfusion or cold storage in organ transplantation: indication, mechanisms, and future perspectives. Transpl Int 2010; 23: 561.
86. Port FK, Bragg-Gresham JL, Metzger RA, et al. Donor characteristics associated with reduced graft survival: an approach to expanding the pool of kidney donors. Transplantation 2002; 74: 1281.
87. Opelz G, Dohler B. Multicenter analysis of kidney preservation. Transplantation 2007; 83: 247.
88. Maathuis MH, Leuvenink HG, Ploeg RJ. Perspectives in organ preservation. Transplantation 2007; 83: 1289.
89. Minor T, Paul A. Hypothermic reconditioning in organ transplantation. Curr Opin Org Transplant 2013; 18: 161.
90. Schold JD, Kaplan B, Howard RJ, Reed AI, Foley DP, Meier-Kriesche HU. Are we frozen in time? Analysis of the utilization and efficacy of pulsatile perfusion in renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2005; 5: 1681.
91. Wight J, Chilcott J, Holmes M, Brewer N. The clinical and cost-effectiveness of pulsatile machine perfusion versus cold storage of kidneys for transplantation retrieved from heart-beating and non-heart-beating donors. Health Technol Assess 2003; 7: 1.
92. Matsuoka L, Shah T, Aswad S, et al. Pulsatile perfusion reduces the incidence of delayed graft function in expanded criteria donor kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2006; 6: 1473.
93. Moers C, Smits JM, Maathuis MH, et al. Machine perfusion or cold storage in deceased-donor kidney transplantation. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 7.
94. Moers C, Pirenne J, Paul A, Ploeg RJ. Machine perfusion or cold storage in deceased-donor kidney transplantation. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 770.
95. Gallinat A, Moers C, Treckmann J, et al. Machine perfusion versus cold storage for the preservation of kidneys from donors >/= 65 years allocated in the Eurotransplant Senior Programme. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27: 4458.
96. Watson CJ, Wells AC, Roberts RJ, et al. Cold machine perfusion versus static cold storage of kidneys donated after cardiac death: a UK multicenter randomized controlled trial. Am J Transplant 2010; 10: 1991.
97. O'Callaghan JM, Morgan RD, Knight SR, Morris PJ. Systematic review and meta-analysis of hypothermic machine perfusion versus static cold storage of kidney allografts on transplant outcomes. Br J Surg 2013; 100: 991.
98. Deng R, Gu G, Wang D, et al. Machine perfusion versus cold storage of kidneys derived from donation after cardiac death: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 2013; 8: e56368.
99. Bathini V, McGregor T, McAlister VC, Luke PP, Sener A. Renal perfusion pump vs cold storage for donation after cardiac death kidneys: a systematic review. J Urol 2013; 189: 2214.
100. Jiao B, Liu S, Liu H, Cheng D, Cheng Y, Liu Y. Hypothermic machine perfusion reduces delayed graft function and improves one-year graft survival of kidneys from expanded criteria donors: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 2013; 8: e81826.
101. Irish WD, Katz E. Cold machine perfusion or static cold storage of kidneys: why the debate continues. Am J Transplant 2010; 10: 1955.
102. Gassanov N, Nia AM, Caglayan E, Er F. Remote ischemic preconditioning and renoprotection: from myth to a novel therapeutic option? J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 25: 216.
103. Murry CE, Jennings RB, Reimer KA. Preconditioning with ischemia: a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium. Circulation 1986; 74: 1124.
104. Fuller TF, Freise CE, Feng S, Niemann CU. Ischemic preconditioning improves rat kidney graft function after severe ischemia/reperfusion injury. Transpl Proc 2005; 37: 377.
105. Jia RP, Xie JJ, Luo FY, Zhu JG. Ischemic preconditioning improves rat kidney allograft function after ischemia/reperfusion injury: the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Transpl Proc 2008; 40: 3316.
106. Jia RP, Zhu JG, Wu JP, Xie JJ, Xu LW. Experimental study on early protective effect of ischemic preconditioning on rat kidney graft. Transpl Proc 2009; 41: 69.
107. Behrends M, Walz MK, Kribben A, et al. No protection of the porcine kidney by ischaemic preconditioning. Exp Physiol 2000; 85: 819.
108. Kosieradzki M, Ametani M, Southard JH, Mangino MJ. Is ischemic preconditioning of the kidney clinically relevant? Surgery 2003; 133: 81.
109. Chen Y, Zheng H, Wang X, Zhou Z, Luo A, Tian Y. Remote ischemic preconditioning fails to improve early renal function of patients undergoing living-donor renal transplantation: a randomized controlled trial. Transplantation 2013; 95: e4.
110. Hoeger S, Bergstraesser C, Selhorst J, et al. Modulation of brain dead induced inflammation by vagus nerve stimulation. Am J Transplant 2010; 10: 477.
111. Hoeger S, Fontana J, Jarczyk J, et al. Vagal stimulation in brain dead donor rats decreases chronic allograft nephropathy in recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014; 29: 544.
112. Gottmann U, Brinkkoetter PT, Hoeger S, et al. Atorvastatin donor pretreatment prevents ischemia/reperfusion injury in renal transplantation in rats: possible role for aldose-reductase inhibition. Transplantation 2007; 84: 755.
113. Amano S, Yamagishi S, Kato N, et al. Sorbitol dehydrogenase overexpression potentiates glucose toxicity to cultured retinal pericytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 299: 183.
114. Chung SS, Ho EC, Lam KS, Chung SK. Contribution of polyol pathway to diabetes-induced oxidative stress. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14(8 Suppl 3): S233.
115. Obrosova IG, Van Huysen C, Fathallah L, Cao XC, Greene DA, Stevens MJ. An aldose reductase inhibitor reverses early diabetes-induced changes in peripheral nerve function, metabolism, and antioxidative defense. FASEB J 2002; 16: 123.
116. Hoeger S, Benck U, Petrov K, et al. Atorvastatin donor pre-treatment in a model of brain death and allogeneic kidney transplantation in rat. Ann Transplant 2012; 17: 79.
117. Nijboer WN, Ottens PJ, van Dijk A, van Goor H, Ploeg RJ, Leuvenink HG. Donor pretreatment with carbamylated erythropoietin in a brain death model reduces inflammation more effectively than erythropoietin while preserving renal function. Crit Care Med 2010; 38: 1155.
118. Maio R, Sepodes B, Patel NS, Thiemermann C, Mota-Filipe H, Costa P. Erythropoietin preserves the integrity and quality of organs for transplantation after cardiac death. Shock 2011; 35: 126.
119. Martinez F, Kamar N, Pallet N, et al. High dose epoetin beta in the first weeks following renal transplantation and delayed graft function: results of the Neo-PDGF Study. Am J Transplant 2010; 10: 1695.
120. Sureshkumar KK, Hussain SM, Ko TY, Thai NL, Marcus RJ. Effect of high-dose erythropoietin on graft function after kidney transplantation: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012; 7: 1498.
121. Aydin Z, Mallat MJ, Schaapherder AF, et al. Randomized trial of short-course high-dose erythropoietin in donation after cardiac death kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2012; 12: 1793.
122. Caumartin Y, Stephen J, Deng JP, et al. Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury during kidney transplantation. Kidney Int 2011; 79: 1080.
123. Martins PN, Reutzel-Selke A, Jurisch A, et al. Induction of carbon monoxide in donor animals prior to organ procurement reduces graft immunogenicity and inhibits chronic allograft dysfunction. Transplantation 2006; 82: 938.
124. Kotsch K, Martins PN, Klemz R, et al. Heme oxygenase-1 ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting dendritic cell maturation and migration. Antioxid Redox Signal 2007; 9: 2049.
125. Nakao A, Faleo G, Nalesnik MA, Seda-Neto J, Kohmoto J, Murase N. Low-dose carbon monoxide inhibits progressive chronic allograft nephropathy and restores renal allograft function. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2009; 297: F19.
126. Nakao A, Choi AM, Murase N. Protective effect of carbon monoxide in transplantation. J Cell Mol Med 2006; 10: 650.
127. Nakao A, Toyoda Y. Application of carbon monoxide for transplantation. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2012; 13: 827.