메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 157, Issue , 2017, Pages 35-53

A quantitative method for assessing resilience of interdependent infrastructures

Author keywords

Agent based modeling; Interdependency; Interdependent critical infrastructure; Reliability; Resilience

Indexed keywords

AUTONOMOUS AGENTS; COMPUTATIONAL METHODS; RELIABILITY;

EID: 84984656519     PISSN: 09518320     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2016.08.013     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (375)

References (62)
  • 2
    • 49949089091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical infrastructure at risk: a need for a new conceptual approach and extended analytical tools
    • [2] Kröger, W., Critical infrastructure at risk: a need for a new conceptual approach and extended analytical tools. Reliab Eng Syst Saf 93 (2008), 1781–1787.
    • (2008) Reliab Eng Syst Saf , vol.93 , pp. 1781-1787
    • Kröger, W.1
  • 3
    • 60249085973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of network theory and object-oriented modeling within a framework for the vulnerability analysis of critical infrastructures
    • [3] Eusgeld, I., Kröger, W., Sansavini, G., Schläpfer, M., Zio, E., The role of network theory and object-oriented modeling within a framework for the vulnerability analysis of critical infrastructures. Reliab Eng Syst Saf 94 (2009), 954–963.
    • (2009) Reliab Eng Syst Saf , vol.94 , pp. 954-963
    • Eusgeld, I.1    Kröger, W.2    Sansavini, G.3    Schläpfer, M.4    Zio, E.5
  • 4
    • 0035696915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying, understanding, and analyzing critical infrastructure interdependencies
    • [4] Rinaldi, S.M., Peerenboom, J.P., Kelly, T.K., Identifying, understanding, and analyzing critical infrastructure interdependencies. IEEE Control Syst 21 (2001), 11–25.
    • (2001) IEEE Control Syst , vol.21 , pp. 11-25
    • Rinaldi, S.M.1    Peerenboom, J.P.2    Kelly, T.K.3
  • 5
    • 84984616384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US – Canada Power System Outage Task Force. Final Report on the August 14, 2003 Blackout in the United States and Canada: Causes and Recommendations;.
    • [5] US – Canada Power System Outage Task Force. Final Report on the August 14, 2003 Blackout in the United States and Canada: Causes and Recommendations; 2004.
    • (2004)
  • 6
    • 84858683899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppressing cascades of load in interdependent networks
    • [6] Brummitt, C.D., D'Souza, R.M., Leicht, E.A., Suppressing cascades of load in interdependent networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci 109 (2012), E680–E689.
    • (2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.109 , pp. E680-E689
    • Brummitt, C.D.1    D'Souza, R.M.2    Leicht, E.A.3
  • 7
    • 77951126500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks
    • [7] Buldyrev, S.V., Parshani, R., Paul, G., Stanley, H.E., Havlin, S., Catastrophic cascade of failures in interdependent networks. Nature 464 (2010), 1025–1028.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.464 , pp. 1025-1028
    • Buldyrev, S.V.1    Parshani, R.2    Paul, G.3    Stanley, H.E.4    Havlin, S.5
  • 8
    • 77951142879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex networks: the fragility of interdependency
    • [8] Vespignani, A., Complex networks: the fragility of interdependency. Nature 464 (2010), 984–985.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.464 , pp. 984-985
    • Vespignani, A.1
  • 9
    • 43249152768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infrastructure interdependency and the creation of a normal disaster the case of hurricane Katrina and the city of New Orleans
    • [9] Leavitt, W.M., Kiefer, J.J., Infrastructure interdependency and the creation of a normal disaster the case of hurricane Katrina and the city of New Orleans. Public Works Manag Policy 10 (2006), 306–314.
    • (2006) Public Works Manag Policy , vol.10 , pp. 306-314
    • Leavitt, W.M.1    Kiefer, J.J.2
  • 10
    • 84857951314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A three-stage resilience analysis framework for urban infrastructure systems
    • [10] Ouyang, M., Dueñas-Osorio, L., Min, X., A three-stage resilience analysis framework for urban infrastructure systems. Struct Saf 36–37 (2012), 23–31.
    • (2012) Struct Saf , vol.36-37 , pp. 23-31
    • Ouyang, M.1    Dueñas-Osorio, L.2    Min, X.3
  • 11
    • 84984616239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constructing a Resilience Index for the Enhanced Critical Infrastructure Protection Program. Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Department of Energy, United States;
    • [11] Fisher R, Bassett G, Buehring W, Collins M, Dickinson D, Eaton L, et al. Constructing a Resilience Index for the Enhanced Critical Infrastructure Protection Program. Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Department of Energy, United States; 2010.
    • (2010)
    • Fisher, R.1    Bassett, G.2    Buehring, W.3    Collins, M.4    Dickinson, D.5    Eaton, L.6
  • 12
    • 67649337202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a conceptual framework for resilience engineering
    • [12] Madni, A.M., Jackson, S., Towards a conceptual framework for resilience engineering. IEEE Syst J 3 (2009), 181–191.
    • (2009) IEEE Syst J , vol.3 , pp. 181-191
    • Madni, A.M.1    Jackson, S.2
  • 13
    • 84880282428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A probabilistic approach for the prediction of seismic resilience of bridges
    • [13] Decò, A., Bocchini, P., Frangopol, D.M., A probabilistic approach for the prediction of seismic resilience of bridges. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 42 (2013), 1469–1487.
    • (2013) Earthq Eng Struct Dyn , vol.42 , pp. 1469-1487
    • Decò, A.1    Bocchini, P.2    Frangopol, D.M.3
  • 15
    • 0002054228 scopus 로고
    • Resilience and stability of ecological systems
    • [15] Holling, C.S., Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annu Rev Ecol Syst, 1973, 1–23.
    • (1973) Annu Rev Ecol Syst , pp. 1-23
    • Holling, C.S.1
  • 16
    • 0033837891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social and ecological resilience: are they related?
    • [16] Adger, W.N., Social and ecological resilience: are they related?. Prog Hum Geogr 24 (2000), 347–364.
    • (2000) Prog Hum Geogr , vol.24 , pp. 347-364
    • Adger, W.N.1
  • 17
    • 84873136075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building dynamic resilience estimation metrics for interdependent infrastructures
    • ESREL 2012. Helsinki, Finland;.
    • [17] Pant R, Barker K. Building dynamic resilience estimation metrics for interdependent infrastructures. ESREL 2012. Helsinki, Finland; 2012.
    • (2012)
    • Pant, R.1    Barker, K.2
  • 19
    • 84984598595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [19] 〈http://www.resalliance.org/〉.
  • 20
    • 62749127251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the definition of resilience in systems
    • [20] Haimes, Y.Y., On the definition of resilience in systems. Risk Anal 29 (2009), 498–501.
    • (2009) Risk Anal , vol.29 , pp. 498-501
    • Haimes, Y.Y.1
  • 21
    • 84984595247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical thinking: Moving from infrastructure protection to infrastructure resilience. George Mason University CIP Program Discussion Paper Series; p. 97–109.
    • [21] McCarthy JA, Pommering C, Perelman LJ, Scalingi PL, Garbin DA, Shortle JF, et al. Critical thinking: Moving from infrastructure protection to infrastructure resilience. George Mason University CIP Program Discussion Paper Series; 2007; p. 97–109.
    • (2007)
    • McCarthy, J.A.1    Pommering, C.2    Perelman, L.J.3    Scalingi, P.L.4    Garbin, D.A.5    Shortle, J.F.6
  • 22
    • 44149099991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fostering resilience to extreme events within infrastructure systems: characterizing decision contexts for mitigation and adaptation
    • [22] McDaniels, T., Chang, S., Cole, D., Mikawoz, J., Longstaff, H., Fostering resilience to extreme events within infrastructure systems: characterizing decision contexts for mitigation and adaptation. Glob Environ Change 18 (2008), 310–318.
    • (2008) Glob Environ Change , vol.18 , pp. 310-318
    • McDaniels, T.1    Chang, S.2    Cole, D.3    Mikawoz, J.4    Longstaff, H.5
  • 23
    • 0345060415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing resilient, sustainable systems
    • [23] Fiksel, J., Designing resilient, sustainable systems. Environ Sci Technol 37 (2003), 5330–5339.
    • (2003) Environ Sci Technol , vol.37 , pp. 5330-5339
    • Fiksel, J.1
  • 24
    • 0347567117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities
    • [24] Bruneau, M., Chang, S.E., Eguchi, R.T., Lee, G.C., O'Rourke, T.D., Reinhorn, A.M., et al. A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities. Earthq Spectra 19 (2003), 733–752.
    • (2003) Earthq Spectra , vol.19 , pp. 733-752
    • Bruneau, M.1    Chang, S.E.2    Eguchi, R.T.3    Lee, G.C.4    O'Rourke, T.D.5    Reinhorn, A.M.6
  • 26
    • 84984654637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substation automation handbook: Utility Automation Consulting Lohmann;.
    • [26] Brand K-P, Lohmann V, Wimmer W. Substation automation handbook: Utility Automation Consulting Lohmann; 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Brand, K.-P.1    Lohmann, V.2    Wimmer, W.3
  • 27
    • 84891962239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Framework for assessing the resilience of infrastructure and economic systems
    • K. Gopalakrishnan S. Peeta Springer Berlin, Heidelberg
    • [27] Vugrin, E., Warren, D., Ehlen, M., Camphouse, R.C., A Framework for assessing the resilience of infrastructure and economic systems. Gopalakrishnan, K., Peeta, S., (eds.) Sustainable and resilient critical infrastructure systems, 2010, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 77–116.
    • (2010) Sustainable and resilient critical infrastructure systems , pp. 77-116
    • Vugrin, E.1    Warren, D.2    Ehlen, M.3    Camphouse, R.C.4
  • 28
    • 0347567117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities
    • [28] Bruneau, M., Chang, S.E., Eguchi, R.T., Lee, G.C., O'Rourke, T.D., Reinhorn, A.M., et al. A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities. Earthq Spectra 19 (2003), 733–752.
    • (2003) Earthq Spectra , vol.19 , pp. 733-752
    • Bruneau, M.1    Chang, S.E.2    Eguchi, R.T.3    Lee, G.C.4    O'Rourke, T.D.5    Reinhorn, A.M.6
  • 29
    • 5744252066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring Improvements in the Disaster Resilience of Communities
    • [29] Chang, S.E., Shinozuka, M., Measuring Improvements in the Disaster Resilience of Communities. Earthq Spectra, 2004, 20.
    • (2004) Earthq Spectra , pp. 20
    • Chang, S.E.1    Shinozuka, M.2
  • 30
    • 84882415048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical infrastructure security and resilience
    • PPD-21;.
    • [30] Directive PP. Critical infrastructure security and resilience. PPD-21; 2013.
    • (2013)
    • Directive, P.P.1
  • 31
    • 84870390032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the resilience of small socio-ecological systems based on the dominant polarity of their feedback structure
    • [31] Bueno, N.P., Assessing the resilience of small socio-ecological systems based on the dominant polarity of their feedback structure. Syst Dyn Rev 28 (2012), 351–360.
    • (2012) Syst Dyn Rev , vol.28 , pp. 351-360
    • Bueno, N.P.1
  • 32
    • 84925219735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A modeling framework for the resilience analysis of networked systems-of-systems based on functional dependencies
    • [32] Filippini, R., Silva, A., A modeling framework for the resilience analysis of networked systems-of-systems based on functional dependencies. Reliab Eng Syst Saf, 2013.
    • (2013) Reliab Eng Syst Saf
    • Filippini, R.1    Silva, A.2
  • 33
    • 84893128963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of resilience of interconnected systems based on stability analysis
    • B. Hämmerli N. Kalstad Svendsen J. Lopez Springer Berlin, Heidelberg
    • [33] Alessandri, A., Filippini, R., Evaluation of resilience of interconnected systems based on stability analysis. Hämmerli, B., Kalstad Svendsen, N., Lopez, J., (eds.) Critical information infrastructures security, 2013, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 180–190.
    • (2013) Critical information infrastructures security , pp. 180-190
    • Alessandri, A.1    Filippini, R.2
  • 34
    • 83755174122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generic metrics and quantitative approaches for system resilience as a function of time
    • [34] Henry, D., Emmanuel Ramirez-Marquez, J., Generic metrics and quantitative approaches for system resilience as a function of time. Reliab Eng Syst Saf 99 (2012), 114–122.
    • (2012) Reliab Eng Syst Saf , vol.99 , pp. 114-122
    • Henry, D.1    Emmanuel Ramirez-Marquez, J.2
  • 35
    • 84925047542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heinimann H.R. A quantitative method for assessing the resilience of infrastructure systems. In: Proceedings of the 12th Probabilistic safety assessment & management conference (PSAM12). Honolulu, USA;.
    • [35] Nan C., Sansavini G., Kroeger W., Heinimann H.R. A quantitative method for assessing the resilience of infrastructure systems. In: Proceedings of the 12th Probabilistic safety assessment & management conference (PSAM12). Honolulu, USA; 2014.
    • (2014)
    • Nan, C.1    Sansavini, G.2    Kroeger, W.3
  • 37
    • 77954813218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding wind ramp events through analysis of historical data
    • [37] Kamath, C., Understanding wind ramp events through analysis of historical data. Transm Distrib Conf Expo, 2010, 1–6.
    • (2010) Transm Distrib Conf Expo , pp. 1-6
    • Kamath, C.1
  • 38
    • 77955202511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of wind farm power ramp rates: a data-mining approach
    • [38] Zheng, H., Kusiak, A., Prediction of wind farm power ramp rates: a data-mining approach. J Sol Energy Eng, 131, 2009, 31011.
    • (2009) J Sol Energy Eng , vol.131 , pp. 31011
    • Zheng, H.1    Kusiak, A.2
  • 39
    • 84883519182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A metric and frameworks for resilience analysis of engineered and infrastructure systems
    • [39] Francis, R., Bekera, B., A metric and frameworks for resilience analysis of engineered and infrastructure systems. Reliab Eng Syst Saf 121 (2014), 90–103.
    • (2014) Reliab Eng Syst Saf , vol.121 , pp. 90-103
    • Francis, R.1    Bekera, B.2
  • 40
    • 78650247036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling and simulation for critical infrastructure interdependency assessment: a meta-review for model characterisation
    • [40] Griot, C., Modelling and simulation for critical infrastructure interdependency assessment: a meta-review for model characterisation. Int J Crit Infrastruct 6 (2010), 363–379.
    • (2010) Int J Crit Infrastruct , vol.6 , pp. 363-379
    • Griot, C.1
  • 41
    • 84977189904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical infrastructure interdependency modeling: A survey of US and international research
    • Idaho National Laboratory;.
    • [41] Pederson P, Dudenhoeffer D, Hartly S, Permann M. Critical infrastructure interdependency modeling: A survey of US and international research. Idaho National Laboratory; 2006.
    • (2006)
    • Pederson, P.1    Dudenhoeffer, D.2    Hartly, S.3    Permann, M.4
  • 42
    • 79952192413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling Interdependent Network Systems for Identifying Cascade-Safe Operating Margins
    • [42] Zio, E., Sansavini, G., Modeling Interdependent Network Systems for Identifying Cascade-Safe Operating Margins. IEEE Trans Reliab 60 (2011), 94–101.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans Reliab , vol.60 , pp. 94-101
    • Zio, E.1    Sansavini, G.2
  • 43
    • 84873871803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analyzing vulnerabilities between SCADA system and SUC due to interdependencies
    • [43] Nan, C., Eusgeld, I., Kröger, W., Analyzing vulnerabilities between SCADA system and SUC due to interdependencies. Reliab Eng Syst Saf 113 (2013), 76–93.
    • (2013) Reliab Eng Syst Saf , vol.113 , pp. 76-93
    • Nan, C.1    Eusgeld, I.2    Kröger, W.3
  • 45
    • 84887117449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability of smart grids with variable generation and consumption: a system of systems perspective.
    • [45] Zio, E., Sansavini, G., Vulnerability of smart grids with variable generation and consumption: a system of systems perspective. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern: Syst 43 (2013), 477–487.
    • (2013) IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern: Syst , vol.43 , pp. 477-487
    • Zio, E.1    Sansavini, G.2
  • 46
    • 84885188346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of electric power systems under physical malicious attacks
    • [46] Bilis, E.I., Kroger, W., Nan, C., Performance of electric power systems under physical malicious attacks. Syst J IEEE 7 (2013), 854–865.
    • (2013) Syst J IEEE , vol.7 , pp. 854-865
    • Bilis, E.I.1    Kroger, W.2    Nan, C.3
  • 47
    • 77952402904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agent-based modeling of energy infrastructure transitions. In: Proceedings of the first international conference on infrastructure systems and services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA);. p. 1–6
    • [47] Chappin EJL, Dijkema GPJ. Agent-based modeling of energy infrastructure transitions. In: Proceedings of the first international conference on infrastructure systems and services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA); 2008. p. 1–6.
    • (2008)
    • Chappin, E.J.L.1    Dijkema, G.P.J.2
  • 48
    • 84885533777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agents: Agenthood, agent architectures, and agent taxonomies. Agent-Directed Simulation and Systems Engineering: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA;. p. 73–109
    • [48] Tolk A, Uhrmacher AM. Agents: Agenthood, agent architectures, and agent taxonomies. Agent-Directed Simulation and Systems Engineering: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2010. p. 73–109.
    • (2010)
    • Tolk, A.1    Uhrmacher, A.M.2
  • 49
    • 84886103117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human error and human reliability analysis
    • Handbook of human factors and ergonomics, fourth edition;. p. 734–800
    • [49] Sharit J. Human error and human reliability analysis. Handbook of human factors and ergonomics, fourth edition; 2012. p. 734–800.
    • (2012)
    • Sharit, J.1
  • 51
    • 79952350689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability analysis of electric power systems using an object-oriented hybrid modeling approach
    • In: Proceedings of the 16th power systems computation conference. Glasgow;.
    • [51] Schläpfer M, Kessler T, Kröger W. Reliability analysis of electric power systems using an object-oriented hybrid modeling approach. In: Proceedings of the 16th power systems computation conference. Glasgow; 2008.
    • (2008)
    • Schläpfer, M.1    Kessler, T.2    Kröger, W.3
  • 52
    • 84856513060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring impacts of single failure propagation between SCADA and SUC
    • In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on industrial engineering and engineering management (IEEM);. p. 1564–8.
    • [52] Nan C, Eusgeld I. Exploring impacts of single failure propagation between SCADA and SUC. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on industrial engineering and engineering management (IEEM); 2011. p. 1564–8.
    • (2011)
    • Nan, C.1    Eusgeld, I.2
  • 53
    • 0004243151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive reliability and error analysis method CREAM
    • Elsevier Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • [53] Hollnagel, E., Cognitive reliability and error analysis method CREAM. 1998, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    • (1998)
    • Hollnagel, E.1
  • 54
    • 84963966343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing an agent-based hierarchical modeling approach to assess human performance of infrastructure systems
    • [54] Nan, C., Sansavini, G., Developing an agent-based hierarchical modeling approach to assess human performance of infrastructure systems. Int J Ind Ergon 53 (2016), 340–354.
    • (2016) Int J Ind Ergon , vol.53 , pp. 340-354
    • Nan, C.1    Sansavini, G.2
  • 55
    • 84856513060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring impacts of single failure propagation between SCADA and SUC
    • In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on industrial engineering and engineering management (IEEM);. p. 1564–8
    • [55] Nan C, Eusgeld I. Exploring impacts of single failure propagation between SCADA and SUC. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on industrial engineering and engineering management (IEEM); 2011. p. 1564–8.
    • (2011)
    • Nan, C.1    Eusgeld, I.2
  • 56
    • 84856729524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seismic response of the swiss transmission grid
    • [56] Bilis, E., Raschke, M., Kroeger, W., Seismic response of the swiss transmission grid. Proc ESREL, 2010, 5–9.
    • (2010) Proc ESREL , pp. 5-9
    • Bilis, E.1    Raschke, M.2    Kroeger, W.3
  • 57
    • 84856740585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability of the Swiss electric power transmission grid against natural hazards
    • Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering: CRC Press;. p. 1407–14
    • [57] Raschke M, Bilis E, Kröger W. Vulnerability of the Swiss electric power transmission grid against natural hazards. Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering: CRC Press; 2011. p. 1407–14.
    • (2011)
    • Raschke, M.1    Bilis, E.2    Kröger, W.3
  • 58
    • 84984637018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relaibillity of power systems-catastrophic sleet and ice rain in Slovenia 2014
    • ESRA (European Safety Reliability Association) Newsletter; March.
    • [58] Cepin M. Relaibillity of power systems-catastrophic sleet and ice rain in Slovenia 2014. ESRA (European Safety Reliability Association) Newsletter; March 2014.
    • (2014)
    • Cepin, M.1
  • 59
    • 84984602773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positively caked in ice, crazy storm photos from Slovenia
    • The Washington Post
    • [59] Samenow, J., Positively caked in ice, crazy storm photos from Slovenia. 2014, The Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2014/02/07/craziest-ice-storm-photos-youll-ever-seen-from-slovenia-photos/.
    • (2014)
    • Samenow, J.1
  • 60
    • 4043050978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The storm Lothar 1999 in Switzerland–an incident analysis
    • [60] Bründl, M., Rickli, C., The storm Lothar 1999 in Switzerland–an incident analysis. Snow Land Res, 77, 2002, 2.
    • (2002) Snow Land Res , vol.77 , pp. 2
    • Bründl, M.1    Rickli, C.2
  • 61
    • 0023412758 scopus 로고
    • Transmission-line overloads: real-time control. Generation, Transmission and Distribution
    • [61] Lachs, W.R., Transmission-line overloads: real-time control. Generation, Transmission and Distribution. IEE Proc C 134 (1987), 342–347.
    • (1987) IEE Proc C , vol.134 , pp. 342-347
    • Lachs, W.R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.