Feasibility of collecting 24-h urine to monitor sodium intake in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 104, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 480-488

  Terry, Ana L ^a   Cogswell, Mary E ^b   Wang, Chia Yih ^a   Chen, Te Ching ^a   Loria, Catherine M ^c   Wright, Jacqueline D ^c   Zhang, Xinli ^a,d   Lacher, David A ^a   Merritt, Robert K ^b   Bowman, Barbara A ^b  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS   (United States)

^b NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION AND HEALTH PROMOTION   (United States)

^c NATIONAL HEART LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE   (United States)

^d Harris IT Services Corporation   (United States)

Author keywords

24 hour urine; Biomarker; Hypertension; NHANES; Sodium excretion; Sodium intake

Indexed keywords

CHLORIDE; CREATININE; POTASSIUM; SODIUM; SALT INTAKE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CHLORIDE URINE LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATININE URINE LEVEL; EDUCATION; EMPLOYMENT STATUS; FEASIBILITY STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OBESITY; POTASSIUM URINE LEVEL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SODIUM EXCRETION; SODIUM INTAKE; SODIUM URINE LEVEL; TWENTY FOUR HOUR URINE COLLECTION; UNDERWEIGHT; URINALYSIS; URINE VOLUME; ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE; MIDDLE AGED; NUTRITION; SALT INTAKE; UNITED STATES; URINE; URINE SAMPLING; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; AGED; FEASIBILITY STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NUTRITION SURVEYS; SODIUM; SODIUM CHLORIDE, DIETARY; UNITED STATES; URINALYSIS; URINE SPECIMEN COLLECTION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84980383611     PISSN: 00029165     EISSN: 19383207     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.121954     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr., Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT Jr., et al., for the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003;42:1206-52.
2. Cutler JA, Follmann D, Allender PS. Randomized trials of sodium reduction: an overview. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(Suppl):643S-51S.
3. Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, Appel LJ, Bray GA, Harsha D, Obarzanek E, Conlin PR, Miller ER, Simons-Morton DG, et al. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. N Engl J Med 2001;344: 3-10.
4. Elliott P, Walker LL, Little MP, Blair-West JR, Shade RE, Lee DR, Rouquet P, Leroy E, Jeunemaitre X, Ardaillou R, et al. Change in salt intake affects blood pressure of chimpanzees: implications for human populations. Circulation 2007;116:1563-8.
5. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Strategies to reduce sodium intake in the United States. Washington (DC): National Academies Press; 2010.
6. Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization. Strategies to monitor and evaluate population sodium consumption and sources of sodium in the diet: report of a joint technical meeting convened by WHO and the Government of Canada. Washington (DC): PAHO/WHO; 2010.
7. Hawkes C, Webster J. National approaches to monitoring population salt intake: a trade-off between accuracy and practicality? PLoS One 2012;7:e46727.
8. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Sodium intake in populations: assessment of evidence. Washington (DC): National Academies Press; 2013.
9. Liu K, Dyer AR, Cooper RS, Stamler R, Stamler J. Can overnight urine replace 24-hour urine collection to assess salt intake? Hypertension 1979;1:529-36.
10. Cogswell ME, Maalouf J, Elliott P, Loria CM, Patel S, Bowman BA. Use of urine biomarkers to assess sodium intake: challenges and opportunities. Annu Rev Nutr 2015;35:349-87.
11. Johnson CL, Dohrmann SM, Burt VL, Mohadjer LK. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: sample design, 2011-2014. Vital Health Stat 2 2014;(162):1-33.
12. Zipf G, Chiappa M, Porter KS, Ostchega Y, Lewis BG, Dostal J. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: plan and operations, 1999-2010. Vital Health Stat 1 2013;(56):1-37.
13. Mirel LB, Mohadjer LK, Dohrmann SM, Clark J, Burt VL, Johnson CL, Curtin LR. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Estimation Procedures, 2007-2010. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2 (159):1-17. 2013 [cited 2015 Jul 22]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr-02/sr02-159.pdf.
14. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. Washington (DC): NIH publication no. 98-4083, September 1998.
15. National Center for Health Statistics. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [Internet]. Demographic background questions [cited 2015 Jun 10]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/nhanes-13-14/DMQ-Family-H.pdf.
16. INTERSALT Co-operative Research Group. INTERSALT: an international study of electrolyte excretion and blood pressure. Results for 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion. BMJ 1988;297:319-28.
17. Williams DR, Bingham SA. Sodium and potassium intakes in a representative population sample: estimation from 24 h urine collections known to be complete in a Cambridgeshire village. Br J Nutr 1986;55:13-22.
18. Murakami K, Sasaki S, Takahashi Y, Uenishi K, Watanabe T, Kohri T, Yamasaki M, Watanabe R, Baba K, Shibata K, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of published strategies using urinary creatinine to identify incomplete 24-h urine collection. Nutrition 2008;24:16-22.
19. Leclercq C, Maiani G, Polito A, Ferro-Luzzi A. Use of PABA test to check completeness of 24-h Urine collections in elderly subjects. Nutrition 1991;7:350-4.
20. Bingham SA, Murphy J, Waller E, Runswick SA, Neale G, Evans D, Cummings JH. Para-amino benzoic acid in the assessment of completeness of 24-hour urine collections from hospital outpatients and the effect of impaired renal function. Eur J Clin Nutr 1992;46:131-5.
21. Bernstein AM, Willett WC. Trends in 24-h urinary sodium excretion in the United States, 1957-2003: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92:1172-80.
22. Wang CY, Cogswell ME, Loria CM, Chen T-C, Pfeiffer CM, Swanson CA, Caldwell KL, Perrine CG, Carriquiry AL, Liu K, et al. Urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, and chloride, but not iodine, varies by timing of collection in a 24-hour calibration study. J Nutr 2013;143: 1276-82.
23. Freedman LS, Commins JM, Moler JE, Willett W, Tinker LF, Subar AF, Spiegelman D, Rhodes D, Potischman N, Neuhouser ML, et al. Pooled results from 5 validation studies of dietary self-report instruments using recovery biomarkers for potassium and sodium intake. Am J Epidemiol 2015;181:473-87.
24. Jackson SL, King SM, Zhao L, Cogswell ME. Prevalence of excess sodium intake in the United States-NHANES 2009-2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;64:1393-7.
25. Powles J, Fahimi S, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S, Shi P, Ezzati M, Engell RE, Lim SS, Danaei G, Mozaffarian D. Global, regional and national sodium intakes in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis of 24 h urinary sodium excretion and dietary surveys worldwide. BMJ Open 2013;3: e003733.
26. Subar AF, Midthune D, Tasevska N, Kipnis V, Freedman LS. Checking for completeness of 24-h urine collection using para-amino benzoic acid not necessary in the Observing Protein and Energy Nutrition study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013;67:863-7.
27. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 24-hour urine study procedures manual [Internet]. Jan 2014 [cited 2016 Feb 12]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhanes/nhanes-13-14/24-Hour-Urine-Study-Procedures-Manual.pdf.
28. National Center for Health Statistics. Research Data Center [Internet] [cited 2016 Feb 25]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/rdc/.