Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Nested Case-Control Analysis

CNS Drugs

Volumn 30, Issue 11, 2016, Pages 1111-1120

  Chou, Richard C ^a,b   Kane, Michael ^c,d   Ghimire, Sanjay ^e   Gautam, Shiva ^d,f   Gui, Jiang ^b,g  

^a DARTMOUTH HITCHCOCK MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b DARTMOUTH MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^c MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^d HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^e Verisk Health Inc   (United States)

^f BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^g DARTMOUTH INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH POLICY AND CLINICAL PRACTICE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADALIMUMAB; ETANERCEPT; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INFLIXIMAB; METHOTREXATE; PREDNISONE; RITUXIMAB; SALAZOSULFAPYRIDINE; ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENT; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR;

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; CORONARY RISK; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG EXPOSURE; FEMALE; HUMAN; LOW RISK PATIENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUERTO RICO; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SEX; UNITED STATES; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CHEMICALLY INDUCED; COHORT ANALYSIS; METABOLISM; RISK;

ADULT; AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS; ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA;

EID: 84980042444     PISSN: 11727047     EISSN: 11791934     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40263-016-0374-z     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Alzheimer's Association. 2015 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement. 2015;11(3):332–84.
2. Hebert LE, Weuve J, Scherr PA, Evans DA. Alzheimer disease in the United States (2010–2050) estimated using the 2010 census. Neurology. 2013;80(19):1778–83. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31828726f5.
3. Qiu C, De Ronchi D, Fratiglioni L. The epidemiology of the dementias: an update. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2007;20(4):380–5. doi:10.1097/YCO.0b013e32816ebc7b.
4. Mayeux R, Stern Y. Epidemiology of Alzheimer disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2012;2(8). doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a006239.
5. Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, et al. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer’s disease. Nat Genet. 2013;45(12):1452–8. doi:10.1038/ng.2802.
6. Heppner FL, Ransohoff RM, Becher B. Immune attack: the role of inflammation in Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015;16(6):358–72. doi:10.1038/nrn3880.
7. Alzheimer A, Stelzmann RA, Schnitzlein HN, Murtagh FR. An English translation of Alzheimer’s 1907 paper, “Uber eine eigenartige Erkankung der Hirnrinde”. Clin Anat. 1995;8(6):429–31. doi:10.1002/ca.980080612.
8. Beljahow S. Pathological changes in the brain in dementia senilis. J Ment Sci. 1889;35:261–2.
9. Simchowicz T. Sur la signification des plaques seniles et sur la formule senile de l`ecorce cerebrale. Rev Neurol. 1924;31:221–7.
10. Gu L, Guo Z. Alzheimer’s Abeta42 and Abeta40 peptides form interlaced amyloid fibrils. J Neurochem. 2013;126(3):305–11. doi:10.1111/jnc.12202.
11. Gravina SA, Ho L, Eckman CB, Long KE, Otvos L Jr, Younkin LH, et al. Amyloid beta protein (A beta) in Alzheimer’s disease brain: biochemical and immunocytochemical analysis with antibodies specific for forms ending at A beta 40 or A beta 42(43). J Biol Chem. 1995;270(13):7013–6.
12. Younkin SG. Evidence that A beta 42 is the real culprit in Alzheimer’s disease. Ann Neurol. 1995;37(3):287–8. doi:10.1002/ana.410370303.
13. Buckholtz NS. Perspective: in search of biomarkers. Nature. 2011;475(7355):S8. doi:10.1038/475S8a.
14. Scheltens P, Blennow K, Breteler MM, de Strooper B, Frisoni GB, Salloway S, et al. Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet. 2016;. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01124-1.
15. McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, Hyman BT, Jack CR Jr, Kawas CH, et al. The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2011;7(3):263–9. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2011.03.005.
16. Albert MS, DeKosky ST, Dickson D, Dubois B, Feldman HH, Fox NC, et al. The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2011;7(3):270–9. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2011.03.008.
17. Sperling RA, Aisen PS, Beckett LA, Bennett DA, Craft S, Fagan AM, et al. Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2011;7(3):280–92. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2011.03.003.
18. Tarkowski E, Blennow K, Wallin A, Tarkowski A. Intracerebral production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, a local neuroprotective agent, in Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. J Clin Immunol. 1999;19(4):223–30.
19. Tarkowski E, Andreasen N, Tarkowski A, Blennow K. Intrathecal inflammation precedes development of Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Pychiatry. 2003;74(9):1200–5.
20. Brosseron F, Krauthausen M, Kummer M, Heneka MT. Body fluid cytokine levels in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: a comparative overview. Mol Neurobiol. 2014;50(2):534–44. doi:10.1007/s12035-014-8657-1.
21. Ray S, Britschgi M, Herbert C, Takeda-Uchimura Y, Boxer A, Blennow K, et al. Classification and prediction of clinical Alzheimer’s diagnosis based on plasma signaling proteins. Nat Med. 2007;13(11):1359–62. doi:10.1038/nm1653.
22. Holmes C, Cunningham C, Zotova E, Woolford J, Dean C, Kerr S, et al. Systemic inflammation and disease progression in Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2009;73(10):768–74. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181b6bb95.
23. Brennan FM, McInnes IB. Evidence that cytokines play a role in rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Invest. 2008;118(11):3537–45. doi:10.1172/JCI36389.
24. McInnes IB, Schett G. The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. New Engl J Med. 2011;365(23):2205–19. doi:10.1056/NEJMra100496510.7748/phc2011.11.21.9.29.c8797.
25. McInnes IB, Buckley CD, Isaacs JD. Cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis: shaping the immunological landscape. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2016;12(1):63–8. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2015.171.
26. Cunnane G. Amyloid precursors and amyloidosis in inflammatory arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2001;13(1):67–73.
27. Westermark GT, Fandrich M, Westermark P. AA amyloidosis: pathogenesis and targeted therapy. Ann Rev Pathol. 2015;10:321–44. doi:10.1146/annurev-pathol-020712-163913.
28. Falk RH, Comenzo RL, Skinner M. The systemic amyloidoses. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(13):898–909. doi:10.1056/NEJM199709253371306.
29. Corrao G, Zambon A, Faini S, Bagnardi V, Leoni O, Suissa S. Short-acting inhaled beta-2-agonists increased the mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in observational designs. J Clin Epidemiol. 2005;58(1):92–7. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.04.013.
30. Bernatsky S, Hudson M, Suissa S. Anti-rheumatic drug use and risk of serious infections in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007;46(7):1157–60. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kem076.
31. Rose S, Laan MJ. Why match? Investigating matched case-control study designs with causal effect estimation. Int J Biostat. 2009;5(1):Article 1. doi:10.2202/1557-4679.1127.
32. McInnes IB, O’Dell JR. State-of-the-art: rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69(11):1898–906. doi:10.1136/ard.2010.134684.
33. Helmick CG, Felson DT, Lawrence RC, Gabriel S, Hirsch R, Kwoh CK, et al. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States: part I. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58(1):15–25. doi:10.1002/art.23177.
34. Tobon GJ, Youinou P, Saraux A. The environment, geo-epidemiology, and autoimmune disease: eheumatoid arthritis. J Autoimmun. 2010;35(1):10–4. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2009.12.009.
35. Appenzeller S, Bertolo MB, Costallat LT. Cognitive impairment in rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2004;26(5):339–43.
36. Mattsson N, Tosun D, Insel PS, Simonson A, Jack CR Jr, Beckett LA, et al. Association of brain amyloid-beta with cerebral perfusion and structure in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. Brain. 2014;137(Pt 5):1550–61. doi:10.1093/brain/awu043.
37. Beeri MS, Rapp M, Silverman JM, Schmeidler J, Grossman HT, Fallon JT, et al. Coronary artery disease is associated with Alzheimer disease neuropathology in APOE4 carriers. Neurology. 2006;66(9):1399–404. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000210447.19748.0b.
38. Ahtiluoto S, Polvikoski T, Peltonen M, Solomon A, Tuomilehto J, Winblad B, et al. Diabetes, Alzheimer disease, and vascular dementia: a population-based neuropathologic study. Neurology. 2010;75(13):1195–202. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181f4d7f8.
39. Tetta C, Camussi G, Modena V, Di Vittorio C, Baglioni C. Tumour necrosis factor in serum and synovial fluid of patients with active and severe rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1990;49(9):665–7.
40. Centola M, Cavet G, Shen Y, Ramanujan S, Knowlton N, Swan KA, et al. Development of a multi-biomarker disease activity test for rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e60635. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060635.
41. Tedde A, Putignano AL, Nacmias B, Bagnoli S, Cellini E, Sorbi S. Lack of association between TNF-alpha polymorphisms and Alzheimer’s disease in an Italian cohort. Neurosci Lett. 2008;446(2–3):139–42. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2008.09.044.
42. Chen YM, Chen HH, Lan JL, Chen DY. Improvement of cognition, a potential benefit of anti-TNF therapy in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Jt Bone Spine. 2010;77(4):366–7. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2010.01.017.
43. Tweedie D, Sambamurti K, Greig NH. TNF-alpha inhibition as a treatment strategy for neurodegenerative disorders: new drug candidates and targets. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2007;4(4):378–85.
44. Mukhtyar C, Luqmani R. Current state of tumour necrosis factor {alpha} blockade in Wegener’s granulomatosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64 Suppl 4:iv31–6. doi:10.1136/ard.2005.042416.
45. Targan SR, Hanauer SB, van Deventer SJ, Mayer L, Present DH, Braakman T, et al. A short-term study of chimeric monoclonal antibody cA2 to tumor necrosis factor alpha for Crohn’s disease: Crohn’s Disease cA2 Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(15):1029–35. doi:10.1056/NEJM199710093371502.
46. Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial (WGET) Research Group. Etanercept plus standard therapy for Wegener’s granulomatosis. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(4):351–61. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa041884.
47. Baert FJ, D’Haens GR, Peeters M, Hiele MI, Schaible TF, Shealy D, et al. Tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody (infliximab) therapy profoundly down-regulates the inflammation in Crohn’s ileocolitis. Gastroenterology. 1999;116(1):22–8.
48. Kaymakcalan Z, Sakorafas P, Bose S, Scesney S, Xiong L, Hanzatian DK, et al. Comparisons of affinities, avidities, and complement activation of adalimumab, infliximab, and etanercept in binding to soluble and membrane tumor necrosis factor. Clin Immunol. 2009;131(2):308–16. doi:10.1016/j.clim.2009.01.002.
49. Mpofu S, Fatima F, Moots RJ. Anti-TNF-alpha therapies: they are all the same (aren’t they?). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44(3):271–3. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh483.
50. Butchart J, Brook L, Hopkins V, Teeling J, Puntener U, Culliford D, et al. Etanercept in Alzheimer disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 trial. Neurology. 2015;84(21):2161–8. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000001617.