Understanding heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Where are we today?

Netherlands Heart Journal

Volumn 24, Issue 4, 2016, Pages 227-236

  van Heerebeek, L ^a,b   Paulus, W J ^a  

^a VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b ONZE LIEVE VROUWE GASTHUIS   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Diastole; Endothelial dysfunction; Heart failure; Inflammation

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CONNECTIN; CYCLIC AMP DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE;

AORTA STENOSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; CHRONOTROPISM; COMORBIDITY; CORONARY FLOW RESERVE; HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION; HEART MUSCLE CAPILLARY; HUMAN; LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHENOTYPE; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PULMONARY HYPERTENSION; REVIEW; SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION;

EID: 84963650315     PISSN: 15685888     EISSN: 18766250     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12471-016-0810-1     Document Type: Review

References (50)

1. Steinberg BA, Zhao X, Heidenreich PA, Get With the Guidelines Scientific Advisory Committee and Investigators, et al. Trends in patients hospitalized with heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: prevalence, therapies, and outcomes. Circulation. 2012;126:65-75.
2. Paulus WJ, Tschöpe C, Sanderson JE, et al. How to diagnose diastolic heart failure: a consensus statement on the diagnosis of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction by the Heart Failure and Echocardiography Associations of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:2539-50.
3. Yusuf S, Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, for the CHARM Investigators and Committees, et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARM-Preserved Trial. Lancet. 2003;362:777-81.
4. Cleland JG, Tendera M, Adamus J, PEP-CHF Investigators, et al. The perindopril in elderly people with chronic heart failure (PEPCHF) study. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2338-45.
5. Massie BM, Carson PE, McMurray JJ, I-PRESERVE Investigators, et al. Irbesartan in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:2456-67.
6. Redfield MM, Chen HH, Borlaug BA, RELAX Trial, et al. Effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition on exercise capacity and clinical status in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013;309:1268-77.
7. Pitt B, Pfeffer MA, Assmann SF, TOPCAT Investigators, et al. Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1383-92.
8. Senni M, Paulus WJ, Gavazzi A, et al. New strategies for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the importance of targeted therapies for heart failure phenotypes. Eur Heart J. 2014;35:2797-811.
9. Zile MR, Baicu CF, Gaasch WH. Diastolic heart failure—abnormalities in active relaxation and passive stiffness of the left ventricle. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:1953-59.
10. Westermann D, Kasner M, Steendijk P, et al. Role of left ventricular stiffness in heart failure with normal ejection fraction. Circulation. 2008;117:2051-60.
11. Borbely A, Velden J van der, Papp Z, et al. Cardiomyocyte stiffness in diastolic heart failure. Circulation. 2005;111:774-81.
12. Heerebeek L van, Borbely A, Niessen HWM, et al. Myocardial structure and function differ in systolic and diastolic heart failure. Circulation. 2006;113:1966-73.
13. Heerebeek L van, Hamdani N, Handoko ML, et al. Diastolic stiffness of the failing diabetic heart: importance of fibrosis, advanced glycation endproducts, and myocyte resting tension. Circulation. 2008;117:43-51.
14. Borbely A, Falcao-Pires I, Heerebeek van, et al. Hypophosphorylation of the stiff N2B titin isoform raises cardiomyocyte resting tension in failing human myocardium. Circ Res. 2009;104:780-6.
15. Heerebeek L van, Hamdani N, Falcao-Pires I, et al. Low myocardial protein kinase G activity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation. 2012;126:830-9.
16. Westermann D, Lindner D, Kasner M, et al. Cardiac inflammation contributes to changes in the extracellular matrix in patients with heart failure and normal ejection fraction. Circ Heart Fail. 2011;4:44-52.
17. Kasner M, Westermann D, Lopez B, et al. Diastolic tissue Doppler indexes correlate with the degree of collagen expression and crosslinking in heart failure and normal ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:977-85.
18. Mohammed SF, Hussain S, Mirzoyev SA, et al. Coronary microvascular rarefaction and myocardial fibrosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation. 2015;131:550-9.
19. Linke WA, Hamdani N. Gigantic business: titin properties and function through thick and thin. Circ Res. 2014;114:1052-68.
20. Takimoto E. Cyclic GMP-dependent signaling in cardiac myocytes. Circ J. 2012;76:1819-25.
21. Madamanchi C, Alhosaini H, Sumida A, et al. Obesity and natriuretic peptides, BNP and NT-proBNP: mechanisms and diagnostic implications for heart failure. Int J Cardiol. 2014;176:611-7.
22. Chirinos JA, Segers P, Gupta AK, et al. Time-varying myocardial stress and systolic pressure-stress relationship: role in myocardialarterial coupling in hypertension. Circulation. 2009;119:2798-807.
23. Lee DI, Zhu G, Sasaki T, et al. Phosphodiesterase 9A controls nitric-oxide-independent cGMP and hypertrophic heart disease. Nature. 2015;519:472-6.
24. Yancy CW, Lopatin M, Stevenson LW, et al. for the ADHERE Scientific Advisory Committee and Investigators. Clinical presentation, management, and in-hospital outcomes of patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure with preserved systolic function. A Report from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47:76-84.
25. Fonorow GC, Stough WG, Abraham WT, OPTIMIZE-HF Investigators and Hospitals, et al. Characteristics, treatments and outcomes of patients with preserved systolic function hospitalized for heart failure: a report from the OPTIMIZE-HF Registry. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:768-77.
26. Ather S, Chan W, Bozkurt B, et al. Impact of noncardiac comorbidities on morbidity and mortality in a predominantly male population with heart failure and preserved versus reduced ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59:998-1005.
27. Akiyama E, Sugiyama S, Matsuzawa Y, et al. Incremental prognostic significance of peripheral endothelial dysfunction in patients with heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60:1778-86.
28. Paulus WJ, Tschöpe C. A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62:263-71.
29. Goligorsky MS. Microvascular rarefaction: the decline and fall of blood vessels. Organogenesis. 2010;6:1-10.
30. Hoenig MR, Bianchi C, Rosenzweig A, et al. The cardiac microvasculature in hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic heart failure. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2008;6:292-300.
31. Campbell DJ, Somaratne JB, Prior DL, et al. Obesity is associated with lower coronary microvascular density. PLoS One. 2013;8:e81798.
32. Borlaug BA, Lam CS, Roger VL, et al. Contractility and ventricular systolic stiffening in hypertensive heart disease insights into the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:410-8.
33. Phan TT, Abozguia K, Nallur Shivu G, et al. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is characterized by dynamic impairment of active relaxation and contraction of the left ventricle on exercise and associated with myocardial energy deficiency. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:402-9.
34. Kawaguchi M, Hay I, Tetics B, et al. Combined ventricular systolic and arterial stiffening in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: implications for systolic and diastolic reserve limitations. Circulation. 2003;107:714-20.
35. Borlaug BA, Olson TP, Lam CS, et al. Global cardiovascular reserve dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56:845-54.
36. Lam CS, Roger VL, Rodeheffer RJ, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a communitybased study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:1119-26.
37. Melenovsky V, Hwang SJ, Lin G, et al. Right heart dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J. 2014;35:3452-62.
38. Burke MA, Katz DH, Beussink L, et al. Prognostic importance of pathophysiologic markers in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. Circ Heart Fail. 2014;7:288-99.
39. Borlaug BA, Kass DA. Ventricular-vascular interaction in heart failure. Heart Fail Clin. 2008;4:23-36.
40. Marti CN, Gheorghiade M, Kalogeropoulos AP, et al. Endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60:1455-69.
41. Borlaug BA, Melenovsky V, Russell SD, et al. Impaired chronotropic and vasodilator reserves limit exercise capacity in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction. Circulation. 2006;114:2138-47.
42. Shah SJ, Katz DH, Selvaraj S, et al. Phenomapping for novel classification of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation. 2015;131:269-79.
43. Guazzi M, Vicenzi M, Arena R, et al. Pulmonary hypertension in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a target of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition in a 1-year study. Circulation. 2011;124:164-74.
44. Melenovsky V, Borlaug BA, Rosen B, et al. Cardiovascular features of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction versus nonfailing hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy in the urban Baltimore community: the role of atrial remodeling/dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:198-207.
45. Anand IS, Rector TS, Cleland JG, et al. Prognostic value of baseline plasma amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and its interactions with irbesartan treatment effects in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: findings from the I-PRESERVE trial. Circ Heart Fail. 2011;4:569-77.
46. Pfeffer MA, Clagget B, Assmann SF, et al. Regional variation in patients and outcomes in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial. Circulation. 2015;131:34-42.
47. Zakeri R, Borlaug BA, McNulty SE, et al. Impact of atrial fibrillation on exercise capacity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a RELAX trial ancillary study. Circ Heart Fail. 2014;7:123-30.
48. Cheng JM, Akkerhuis KM, Battes LC, et al. Biomarkers for heart failure with normal ejection fraction: a systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail. 2013;15:1350-62.
49. Iles L, Pfluger H, Phrommintikul A, et al. Evaluation of diffuse myocardial fibrosis in heart failure with cardiac magnetic resonance contrast-enhanced T1 mapping. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52:1574-80.
50. Mascherbauer J, Marzluf BA, Tufaro C, et al. Cardiac magnetic resonance postcontrast T1 time is associated with outcome in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6:1056-65.