Same rainfall amount different vegetation-How environmental conditions and their interactions influence savanna dynamics

Ecological Modelling

Volumn 326, Issue , 2016, Pages 13-22

  Tietjen, Britta ^a,b  

^a FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

^b BERLIN BRANDENBURG INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH BBIB   (Germany)

Author keywords

Dryland; Ecohydrology; Soil texture; Spatial heterogeneity; Water availability; Water vegetation interactions

Indexed keywords

DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEMS; PLANTS (BOTANY); PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY); RAIN; SOILS; TEXTURES;

DRYLAND; ECO-HYDROLOGY; SOIL TEXTURES; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; WATER AVAILABILITY;

VEGETATION;

ECOHYDROLOGY; ECOLOGICAL MODELING; ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; HETEROGENEITY; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; RAINFALL; SAVANNA; SPATIAL VARIATION; VEGETATION COVER; WATER AVAILABILITY;

EID: 84960814288     PISSN: 03043800     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.06.013     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Aguiar M.R., Sala O.E. Patch structure, dynamics and implications for the functioning of arid ecosystems. Trends Ecol. Evol. 1999, 14:273-277.
2. Bartley R., Roth C.H., Ludwig J., McJannet D., Liedloff A., Corfield J., Hawdon A., Abbott B. Runoff and erosion from Australia's tropical semi-arid rangelands: influence of ground cover for differing space and time scales. Hydrol. Process. 2006, 20:3317-3333.
3. Baudena M., Boni G., Ferraris L., Von Hardenberg J., Provenzale A. Vegetation response to rainfall intermittency in drylands: results from a simple ecohydrological box model. Adv. Water Resour. 2007, 30:1320-1328.
4. Beatley J.C. Phenological events and their environmental triggers in Mojave Desert ecosystems. Ecology 1974, 856-863.
5. Berger U., Hildenbrandt H., Grimm V. Towards a standard for the individual-based modeling of plant populations: self-thinning and the field-of-neighborhood approach. Nat. Resour. Model. 2002, 15:39-54.
6. Berger U., Piou C., Schiffers K., Grimm V. Competition among plants: concepts, individual-based modelling approaches, and a proposal for a future research strategy. Perspect. Plant Ecol., Evol. Syst. 2008, 9:121-135.
7. Bestelmeyer B.T., Ward J.P., Havstad K.M. Soil-geomorphic heterogeneity governs patchy vegetation dynamics at an arid ecotone. Ecology 2006, 87:963-973.
8. Bestelmeyer B.T., Wiens J.A. Ant biodiversity in semiarid landscape mosaics: the consequences of grazing vs. natural heterogeneity. Ecol. Appl. 2001, 11:1123-1140.
9. Bradford J.B., Lauenroth W.K. Controls over invasion of Bromus tectorum: the importance of climate, soil, disturbance and seed availability. J. Veg. Sci. 2006, 17:693-704.
10. Casper B., Schenk H.J., Jackson R.B. Defining a plant's belowground zone of influence. Ecology 2003, 84(9):2313-2321.
11. Dean W.R.J., Milton S.J., Jeltsch F. Large trees, fertile islands, and birds in arid savanna. J. Arid Environ. 1999, 41:61-78.
12. Dingman S. Physical Hydrology 1994, McMillan, New York.
13. Douglas-Mankin K., Srinivasan R., Arnold J. Soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model: current developments and applications. Trans. ASABE 2010, 53:1423-1431.
14. Fleischer A., Sternberg M. The economic impact of global climate change on Mediterranean rangeland ecosystems: a space-for-time approach. Ecol. Econ. 2006, 59:287-295.
15. Fowler N. The role of competition in plant communities in arid and semiarid regions. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 1986, 17:89-110.
16. Fravolini A., Hultine K.R., Brugnoli E., Gazal R., English N.B., Williams D.G. Precipitation pulse use by an invasive woody legume: the role of soil texture and pulse size. Oecologia 2005, 144:618-627.
17. Green R.E., Ampt G.A. Studies on soil physics: 1. Flow of air and water through soils. J. Agric. Sci. 1911, 4:1-24.
18. Grimm V., Berger U., Bastiansen F., Eliassen S., Ginot V., Giske J., Goss-Custard J., Grand T., Heinz S.K., Huse G., Huth A., Jepsen J.U., Jørgensen C., Mooij W.M., Müller B., Pe'er G., Piou C., Railsback S.F., Robbins A.M., Robbins M.M., Rossmanith E., Rüger N., Strand E., Souissi S., Stillman R.A., Vabø R., Visser U., DeAngelis D.L. A standard protocol for describing individual-based and agent-based models. Ecol. Model. 2006, 198:115-126.
19. Grimm V., Berger U., DeAngelis D.L., Polhill J.G., Giske J., Railsback S.F. The ODD protocol: a review and first update. Ecol. Model. 2010, 221:2760-2768.
20. Hargreaves G.H. Estimation of potential and crop evapotranspiration. Trans. ASAE 1974, 17:701-704.
21. Heegaard E., Vandvik V. Climate change affects the outcome of competitive interactions-an application of principal response curves. Oecologia 2004, 139:459-466.
22. HilleRisLambers R., Rietkerk M., van den Bosch F., Prins H.H.T., de Kroon H. Vegetation pattern formation in semi-arid grazing systems. Ecology 2001, 82:50-61.
23. Huxman T.E., Wilcox B.P., Breshears D.D., Scott R.L., Snyder K.A., Small E.E., Hultine K., Pockman W.T., Jackson R.B. Ecohydrological implications of woody plant encroachment. Ecology 2005, 86:308-319.
24. Jeltsch F., Milton S.J., Dean W.R.J., van Rooyen N. Analysing shrub encroachment in the southern Kalahari: a grid-based modelling approach. J. Appl. Ecol. 1997, 34:1497-1508.
25. Jeltsch F., Tietjen B., Blaum N., Rossmanith E. Population and ecosystem modeling of land use and climate change impacts on savanna dynamics. Ecosystem Function in Savannas: Measurement and Modeling at Landscape to Global Scales. 2010, CRC Press, Boca Raton. M.J. Hill, N.P. Hanan (Eds.).
26. Köchy M. Stochastic time series of daily precipitation for the interior of Israel. Isr. J. Earth Sci. 2006, 55:103-109.
27. Lane D.R., Coffin D.P., Lauenroth W.K. Effects of soil texture and precipitation on above-ground net primary productivity and vegetation structure across the Central Grassland region of the United States. J. Veg. Sci. 1998, 9:239-250.
28. Lohmann D., Tietjen B., Blaum N., Joubert D.F., Jeltsch F. Shifting thresholds and changing degradation patterns: climate change effects on the simulated long-term response of a semi-arid savanna to grazing. J. Appl. Ecol. 2012, 49:814-823.
29. Lohmann D., Tietjen B., Blaum N., Joubert D.F., Jeltsch F. Prescribed fire as a tool for managing shrub encroachment in semi-arid savanna rangelands. J. Arid Environ. 2014, 107:49-56.
30. Loik M.E., Breshears D.D., Lauenroth W.K., Belnap J. A multi-scale perspective of water pulses in dryland ecosystems: climatology and ecohydrology of the western USA. Oecologia 2004, 141:269-281.
31. Ludwig J.A., Tongway D.J., Marsden S.G. Stripes, strands or stipples: modelling the influence of three landscape banding patterns on resource capture and productivity in semi-arid woodlands, Australia. Catena 1999, 37:257-273.
32. Ludwig J.A., Wilcox B.P., Breshears D.D., Tongway D.J., Imeson A.C. Vegetation patches and runoff-erosion as interacting ecohydrological processes in semiarid landscapes. Ecology 2005, 86:288-297.
33. Maestre F.T., Bowker M.A., Escolar C., Puche M.D., Soliveres S., Maltez-Mouro S., García-Palacios P., Castillo-Monroy A.P., Martínez I., Escudero A. Do biotic interactions modulate ecosystem functioning along stress gradients? Insights from semi-arid plant and biological soil crust communities. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 2010, 365:2057-2070.
34. Maestre F.T., Valladares F., Reynolds J.F. Is the change of plant-plant interactions with abiotic stress predictable? A meta-analysis of field results in arid environments. J. Ecol. 2005, 93:748-757.
35. Maestre F.T., Valladares F., Reynolds J.F. The stress-gradient hypothesis does not fit all relationships between plant-plant interactions and abiotic stress: further insights from arid environments. J. Ecol. 2006, 94:17-22.
36. May F., Grimm V., Jeltsch F. Reversed effects of grazing on plant diversity: the role of below-ground competition and size symmetry. Oikos 2009, 118:1830-1843.
37. McMurtrie R., Wolf L. A model of competition between trees and grass for radiation, water and nutrients. Ann. Bot. 1983, 52:449-458.
38. Meron E., Gilad E., von Hardenberg J., Shachak M., Zarmi Y. Vegetation patterns along a rainfall gradient. Chaos Solitons & Fractals 2004, 19:367-376.
39. Meyer K.M., Wiegand K., Ward D., Moustakas A. The rhythm of savanna patch dynamics. J. Ecol. 2007, 95:1306-1315.
40. Mueller E.N., Tietjen B., Turnbull L., Wainwright J., Under revision at Biogeoscience. Ecohydrological modelling of land degradation in drylands: feedbacks between water, erosion, vegetation and soil.
41. Nano C.E., Clarke P.J. Woody-grass ratios in a grassy arid system are limited by multi-causal interactions of abiotic constraint, competition and fire. Oecologia 2010, 162:719-732.
42. Noy-Meir I. Desert ecosystems: environment and producers. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 1973, 4:25-51.
43. Noy-Meir I. Grazing and production in seasonal pastures: analysis of a simple model. J. Appl. Ecol. 1978, 15:809-835.
44. Perring M.P., Hovenden M.J. Seedling survivorship of temperate grassland perennials is remarkably resistant to projected changes in rainfall. Aust. J. Bot. 2012, 60:328-339.
45. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing 2014, R Development Core Team, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, http://www.R-project.org.
46. Rawls W.J., Ahuja L.R., Brakensiek D.L., Shirmohammadi A. Infiltration and soil water movement. Handbook of Hydrology 1992, 5.1-5.51. McGraw-Hill, New York. D.R. Maidment (Ed.).
47. Rietkerk M., Boerlijst M.C., van Langevelde F., HilleRisLambers R., van de Koppel J., Kumar L., Prins H.H.T., de Roos A.M. Self-organization of vegetation in arid ecosystems. Am. Natl. 2002, 160:524-530.
48. Rietkerk M., Dekker S.C., de Ruiter P., van de Koppel J. Self-organized patchiness and catastrophic shifts in ecosystems. Science 2004, 305:1926-1929.
49. Rietkerk M., van de Koppel J. Alternate stable states and threshold effects in semi-arid grazing systems. OIKOS 1997, 79:69-76.
50. Rietkerk M., van de Koppel J. Regular pattern formation in real ecosystems. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2008, 23:169-175.
51. Sala O.E., Parton W.J., Joyce L., Lauenroth W. Primary production of the central grassland region of the United States. Ecology 1988, 69:40-45.
52. Schwinning S., Sala O.E. Hierarchy of responses to resource pulses in and and semi-arid ecosystems. Oecologia 2004, 141:211-220.
53. Schwinning S., Starr B.I., Ehleringer J.R. Dominant cold desert plants do not partition warm season precipitation by event size. Oecologia 2003, 136:252-260.
54. Sivakumaran S., Hall M. Effects of age and water stress on endogenous levels of plant growth regulators in Euphorbia lathyrus L. J. Exp. Bot. 1978, 29:195-205.
55. Snyder K., Tartowski S. Multi-scale temporal variation in water availability: implications for vegetation dynamics in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. J. Arid Environ. 2006, 65:219-234.
56. Tadmor N., Noy-Meir I., Safriel U., Seligman N., Goldman A., Katznelson J., Eyal E., Benjamin R. A simulation model of a semi-arid Mediterranean grazing system. Isr. J. Bot. 1977, 26:161-171.
57. Tews J., Blaum N., Jeltsch F. Structural and animal species diversity in arid and semi-arid savannas of the southern Kalahari. Ann. Arid Zone 2004, 43:1-13.
58. Tietjen B., Jeltsch F. Semi-arid grazing systems and climate change: a survey of present modelling potential and future needs. J. Appl. Ecol. 2007, 44:425-434.
59. Tietjen B., Zehe E., Jeltsch F. Simulating plant water availability in dry lands under climate change: a generic model of two soil layers. Water Resour. Res. 2009, 45:W01418.
60. Tietjen B., Jeltsch F., Zehe E., Classen N., Groengroeft A., Schiffers K., Oldeland J. Effects of climate change on the coupled dynamics of water and vegetation in drylands. Ecohydrology 2010, 3:226-237.
61. Titus J.H., Nowak R.S., Smith S.D. Soil resource heterogeneity in the Mojave Desert. J. Arid Environ. 2002, 52:269-292.
62. Tromp-van Meerveld H., McDonnell J. On the interrelations between topography, soil depth, soil moisture, transpiration rates and species distribution at the hillslope scale. Adv. Water Resour. 2006, 29:293-310.
63. van De Giesen N.C., Stomph T.J., de Ridder N. Scale effects of Hortonian overland flow and rainfall-runoff dynamics in a West African catena landscape. Hydrol. Process. 2000, 14:165-175.
64. van Genuchten M.T. A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1980, 44:892-898.
65. van Langevelde F., van de Vijver C.A.D.M., Kumar L., van de Koppel J., de Ridder N., van Andel J., Skidmore A.K., Hearne J.W., Stroosnijder L., Bond W.J., Prins H.H.T., Rietkerk M. Effects of fire and herbivory on the stability of savanna ecosystems. Ecology 2003, 84:337-350.
66. von Hardenberg J., Meron E., Shachak M., Zarmi Y. Diversity of vegetation patterns and desertification. PhysRevLett 2001, 87:198101-198104.
67. Walker B.H., Ludwig D., Holling C.S., Peterman R.M. Stability of semi-arid savanna grazing systems. J. Ecol. 1981, 69:473-498.
68. Whitmore C., Slotow R., Crouch T.E., Dippenaar-Schoeman A.S. Diversity of Spiders (Araneae) in a savanna reserve, northern province, South Africa. J. Arachnol. 2002, 30:344-356.
69. Wiegand T., Milton S.J., Wissel C. A Simulation-model for a shrub ecosystem in the semiarid Karoo, South-Africa. Ecology 1995, 76:2205-2221.
70. Witkowski E.T.F., Garner R.D. Spatial distribution of soil seed banks of three African savanna woody species at two contrasting sites. Plant Ecol. 2000, 149:91-106.