Hypoglycemia as an indicator of good diabetes care

The BMJ

Volumn 352, Issue , 2016, Pages

  Rodriguez Gutierrez, Rene ^a,b   Lipska, Kasia J ^c   McCoy, Rozalina G ^a   Ospina, Naykky Singh ^a   Ting, Henry H ^d   Montori, Victor M ^a   Kudva, Yogish C ^e   McConnell, Mark E ^e   Shah, Nilay D ^e  

^a MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^b HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DR JOSÉ ELEUTERIO GONZÁLEZ   (Mexico)

^c YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d NEW YORK PRESBYTERIAN HOSPITAL   (United States)

^e NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL;

ARTICLE; CONSENSUS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE SEVERITY; ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HUMAN; HYPOGLYCEMIA; MEDICAL SOCIETY; PATIENT CARE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; UNITED KINGDOM; BLOOD; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; DOSE RESPONSE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; METABOLISM; PREVALENCE; PROGNOSIS; RISK FACTOR;

BIOMARKERS; BLOOD GLUCOSE; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; PREVALENCE; PROGNOSIS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84960343744     PISSN: 09598146     EISSN: 17561833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i1084     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Garber AJ, Abrahamson MJ, Barzilay JI, et al. Consensus statement by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology on the comprehensive type 2 diabetes management algorithm - 2016 executive summary. Endocr Pract 2016;22:84-113. doi:10.4158/EP151126.CS. 26731084.
2. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Type 2 diabetes in adults: management: NICE, 2015. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng28
3. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329:977-86. doi:10.1056/NEJM199309303291401. 8366922.
4. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998;352:837-53. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(98)07019-6. 9742976.
5. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005;28(suppl 1):S4-36. doi:10.2337/diacare.28.suppl-1.S4. 15618112.
6. Jellinger PS, Smith DA, Mehta AE, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists' guidelines for management of dyslipidemia and prevention of atherosclerosis. Endocr Pract 2012;18(suppl 1):1-78doi:10.4158/EP.18.S1.1.
7. Cryer PE. Hypoglycaemia: the limiting factor in the glycaemic management of type I and type II diabetes. Diabetologia 2002;45:937-48. doi:10.1007/s00125-002-0822-9. 12136392.
8. Yudkin JS, Richter B, Gale EA. Intensified glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes: time for a reappraisal. Diabetologia 2010;53:2079-85. doi:10.1007/s00125-010-1864-z. 20686748.
9. Montori VM, Fernández-Balsells M. Glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: time for an evidence-based about-face? Ann Intern Med 2009;150:803-8. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-11-200906020-00008. 19380837.
10. Hemmingsen B, Lund SS, Gluud C, et al. Targeting intensive glycaemic control versus targeting conventional glycaemic control for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;11:CD008143.24214280.
11. Coca SG, Ismail-Beigi F, Haq N, Krumholz HM, Parikh CR. Role of intensive glucose control in development of renal end points in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. Arch Intern Med 2012;172:761-9. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.2230. 22636820.
12. Green AJ, Fox KM, Grandy S. SHIELD Study Group. Self-reported hypoglycemia and impact on quality of life and depression among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012;96:313-8. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2012.01.002. 22296853.
13. Bonds DE, Miller ME, Bergenstal RM, et al. The association between symptomatic, severe hypoglycaemia and mortality in type 2 diabetes: retrospective epidemiological analysis of the ACCORD study. BMJ 2010;340:b4909. doi:10.1136/bmj.b4909. 20061358.
14. Zoungas S, Patel A, Chalmers J, et al. ADVANCE Collaborative Group. Severe hypoglycemia and risks of vascular events and death. N Engl J Med 2010;363:1410-8. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1003795. 20925543.
15. McCoy RG, Van Houten HK, Ziegenfuss JY, Shah ND, Wermers RA, Smith SA. Increased mortality of patients with diabetes reporting severe hypoglycemia. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1897-901. doi:10.2337/dc11-2054. 22699297.
16. Goto A, Arah OA, Goto M, Terauchi Y, Noda M. Severe hypoglycaemia and cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis with bias analysis. BMJ 2013;347:f4533. doi:10.1136/bmj.f4533. 23900314.
17. Whitmer RA, Karter AJ, Yaffe K, Quesenberry CP Jr, Selby JV. Hypoglycemic episodes and risk of dementia in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. JAMA 2009;301:1565-72. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.460. 19366776.
18. Geller AI, Shehab N, Lovegrove MC, et al. National estimates of insulin-related hypoglycemia and errors leading to emergency department visits and hospitalizations. JAMA Intern Med 2014;174:678-86. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.136. 24615164.
19. McCoy RG, Van Houten HK, Ziegenfuss JY, Shah ND, Wermers RA, Smith SA. Self-report of hypoglycemia and health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Endocr Pract 2013;19:792-9. doi:10.4158/EP12382.OR. 23757608.
20. Johnston SS, Conner C, Aagren M, Ruiz K, Bouchard J. Association between hypoglycaemic events and fall-related fractures in Medicare-covered patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2012;14:634-43. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01583. x. 22335246.
21. Budnitz DS, Lovegrove MC, Shehab N, Richards CL. Emergency hospitalizations for adverse drug events in older Americans. N Engl J Med 2011;365:2002-12. doi:10.1056/NEJMsa1103053. 22111719.
22. American Diabetes Association. 5. Glycemic targets. Diabetes Care 2016;39(suppl 1):S39-46. doi:10.2337/dc16-S008. 26696679.
23. Fleming BB, Greenfield S, Engelgau MM, Pogach LM, Clauser SB, Parrott MA. The diabetes quality improvement project: moving science into health policy to gain an edge on the diabetes epidemic. Diabetes Care 2001;24:1815-20. doi:10.2337/diacare.24.10. 1815. 11574448.
24. National Committee for Quality Assurance. Diabetes recognition program (DRP), 2015. http://www.ncqa.org/Programs/Recognition/ChangestoDRP.aspx
25. National Quality Forum. Endocrine Measures, 2014. http://www.qualityforum.org/projects/endocrine/?section=CandidateConsensusStandardsReview2013-12-092014-04-02
26. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Diabetes in adults. Quality standard. 2011. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/qs6/chapter/List-of-statements
27. International Diabetes Federation, Clinical Guidelines Task Force. Global guideline for type 2 diabetes. IDF, 2012.
28. US Department Veterans Affairs. Hypoglycemia safety initiative (HSI), 2015. http://www. qualityandsafety.va.gov/ChoosingWiselyHealthSafetyInitiative/HypoglycemiaSite/Hypoglycemia.asp
29. National Quality Forum. Consensus task force. 2011. https://www.qualityforum.org/Measuring-Performance/Improving-NQF-Process/Consensus-Task-Force.aspx
30. Frier BM. Hypoglycaemia in diabetes mellitus: epidemiology and clinical implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2014;10:711-22. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.170. 25287289.
31. UK Hypoglycaemia Study Group. Risk of hypoglycaemia in types 1 and 2 diabetes: effects of treatment modalities and their duration. Diabetologia 2007;50:1140-7. doi:10.1007/s00125-007-0599-y. 17415551.
32. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. Hypoglycemia in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Diabetes 1997;46:271-86. doi:10.2337/diab.46.2. 271. 9000705.
33. Gregg EW, Li Y, Wang J, et al. Changes in diabetes-related complications in the United States, 1990-2010. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1514-23. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1310799. 24738668.
34. Crasto W, Jarvis J, Khunti K, et al. Multifactorial intervention in individuals with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria: the Microalbuminuria Education and Medication Optimisation (MEMO) study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011;93:328-36. doi:10.1016/j. diabres.2011.05.008. 21640424.
35. Miller ME, Bonds DE, Gerstein HC, et al. ACCORD Investigators. The effects of baseline characteristics, glycaemia treatment approach, and glycated haemoglobin concentration on the risk of severe hypoglycaemia: post hoc epidemiological analysis of the ACCORD study. BMJ 2010;340:b5444. doi:10.1136/bmj.b5444. 20061360.
36. Seaquist ER, Anderson J, Childs B, et al. Hypoglycemia and diabetes: a report of a workgroup of the American Diabetes Association and the Endocrine Society. Diabetes Care 2013;36:1384-95. doi:10.2337/dc12-2480. 23589542.
37. Pedersen-Bjergaard U, Færch L, Allingbjerg ML, Agesen R, Thorsteinsson B. The influence of new European Union driver's license legislation on reporting of severe hypoglycemia by patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2015;38:29-33. doi:10.2337/dc14-1417. 25288675.
38. Geelhoed-DuijvestijnPH,Pedersen-BjergaardU,WeitgasserR,LahtelaJ,JensenMM,ÖstensonCG. Effects of patient-reported non-severe hypoglycemia on healthcare resource use, work-time loss, and wellbeing in insulin-treated patients with diabetes in seven European countries. J Med Econ 2013;16:1453-61. doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.852098. 24144009.
39. Zhang Y, McCoy RG, Mason JE, Smith SA, Shah ND, Denton BT. Second-line agents for glycemic control for type 2 diabetes: are newer agents better? Diabetes Care 2014;37:1338-45. doi:10.2337/dc13-1901. 24574345.