The effect of providing lipid-based nutrient supplements on morbidity in rural Malawian infants and young children: A randomized controlled trial

Public Health Nutrition

Volumn 19, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 1893-1903

  Bendabenda, Jaden ^a,b   Alho, Lotta ^a   Ashorn, Ulla ^a   Cheung, Yin Bun ^c   Dewey, Kathryn G ^d   Vosti, Stephen A ^d   Phuka, John ^b   Maleta, Kenneth ^b   Ashorn, Per ^a,e  

^a TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Finland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MALAWI   (Malawi)

^c DUKE NUS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Singapore)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^e TAMPERE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Finland)

Author keywords

Children; Infectious disease morbidity; Iron; Lipid based nutrient supplements; Low income countries

Indexed keywords

LIPID;

CONTROLLED STUDY; DIETARY SUPPLEMENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFANT; MALAWI; MALE; MORBIDITY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RURAL POPULATION;

CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; LIPIDS; MALAWI; MALE; MORBIDITY; RURAL POPULATION;

EID: 84960118913     PISSN: 13689800     EISSN: 14752727     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980016000331     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. World Health Organization (2011) Use of multiple micronutrient powders for home fortification of foods consumed by infants and children 6-23 months of age. http://www.who. int/nutrition/publications/micronutrients/guidelines/guide line-mnp-infants-children/en/ (accessed September 2015)
2. De-Regil LM, Suchdev PS, Vist GE et al. (2013) Home fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders for health and nutrition in children under two years of age (Review). Evid Based Child Health 8, 112-201
3. Lemaire M, Islam QS, Shen H et al. (2011) Iron-containing micronutrient powder provided to children with moderateto-severe malnutrition increases haemoglobin concentrations but not the risk of infectious morbidity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, noninferiority safety trial. Am J Clin Nutr 94, 585-593
4. Zlotkin S, Newton S, Aimone AM et al. (2013) Effect of iron fortification on malaria incidence in infants and young children in Ghana: a randomized trial. JAMA 310, 938-947
5. Sharieff W, Bhutta Z, Schauer C et al. (2006) Micronutrients (including zinc) reduce diarrhoea in children: the Pakistan Sprinkles Diarrhoea Study. Arch Dis Child 91, 573-579
6. Soofi S, Cousens S, Iqbal SP et al. (2013) Effect of provision of daily zinc and iron with several micronutrients on growth and morbidity among young children in Pakistan: a clusterrandomized trial. Lancet 382, 29-40
7. Jaeggi T, Kortman GA, Moretti D et al. (2015) Iron fortification adversely affects the gut microbiome, increases pathogen abundance and induces intestinal inflammation in Kenyan infants. Gut 64, 731-742
8. Sazawal S, Black RE, Ramsan M et al. (2006) Effects of routine prophylactic supplementation with iron and folic acid on admission to hospital and mortality in preschool children in a high malaria transmission setting: communitybased, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 367, 133-143
9. World Health Organization (2007) Conclusions and recommendations of the WHO consultation on prevention and control of iron deficiency in infants and young children in malaria-endemic areas. Food Nutr Bull 28, 4 Suppl., S621-S627
10. Manno D, Siame J, Larke N et al. (2011) Effect of multiple micronutrient-fortified food on mild morbidity and clinical symptoms in Zambian infants: results from a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 65, 1163-1166
11. Adu-Afarwuah S, Lartey A, Brown KH et al. (2007) Randomized comparison of 3 types of micronutrient supplements for home fortification of complementary foods in Ghana: effects on growth and motor development. Am J Clin Nutr 86, 412-420
12. Huybregts L, Houngbe F, Salpeteur C et al. (2012) The effect of adding ready-to-use supplementary food to a general food distribution on child nutritional status and morbidity: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. PLoS Med 9, e1001313
13. Mangani C, Ashorn P, Maleta K et al. (2014) Lipid-based nutrient supplements do not affect the risk of malaria or respiratory morbidity in 6-to 18-month-old Malawian children in a randomized controlled trial. J Nutr 144, 1835-1842
14. Dewey KG, Yang Z &Boy E (2009) Systematic review and meta-analysis of home fortification of complementary foods. Matern Child Nutr 5, 283-321
15. Maleta KM, Phuka J, Alho L et al. (2015) Provision of 10-40 g lipid-based nutrient supplements from 6 to 18 months of age does not prevent linear growth faltering in Malawi. J Nutr 145, 1909-1915
16. Hess SY, Abbeddou S, Jimenez EY et al. (2015) Smallquantity lipid-based nutrient supplements, regardless of their zinc content, increase growth and reduce the prevalence of stunting and wasting in young Burkinabe children: a cluster-randomized trial. PLoS One 10, e0122242
17. Phuka J, Maleta K, Thakwalakwa C et al. (2008) Complementary feeding with fortified spread and the incidence of severe stunting among 6-to-18 month-old rural Malawians. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 162, 619-626
18. World Health Organization (2014) African Health Observatory. Malawi. Health Status and Trends: Analytical summary. http://www.aho.afro.who.int/profiles-information/index. php/Malawi:Analytical-summary-Health-Status-and- Trends (accessed August 2014)
19. National Statistical Office &ICF Macro (2010) Malawi Demographic and Health Survey. Zomba, Malawi and Calverton, MD: NSO and ICF Macro
20. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (2014) Malawi: HIV and AIDS estimates. http://www.unaids.org/en/ regionscountries/countries/malawi (accessed May 2015)
21. World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2004) Vitamin and Mineral Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2nd ed. Geneva: WHO
22. Arimond M, Zeilani M, Jungjohann S et al. (2015) Considerations in developing lipid-based nutrient supplements for prevention of undernutrition: experience from the International Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements (iLiNS) Project. Matern Child Nutr 11, 31-61
23. Arnold BF, Galiani S, Ram PK et al. (2013) Optimal recall period for caregiver-reported illness in risk factor and intervention studies: a multicountry study. Am J Epidemiol 177, 361-370
24. Nykanen M, Tamaona W, Cullinan T et al. (1995) Verbal autopsy as a technique to establish causes of infant and child mortality. East Afr Med J 72, 731-734
25. iLiNS Project (2015) iLiNS-Dose Statistical Analysis Plan, version 09.0 with appendices 1-9, 2015-02-11. http://www. ilins.org/ilins-project-research/data-analysis/dap (accessed June 2015)
26. US Food and Drug Administration (2014) Reporting Serious Problems to FDA. What is a Serious Adverse Event? http://www.fda.gov/safety/medwatch/howtoreport/ucm05 3087.htm (accessed August 2014)
27. Domellof M, Dewey KG, Lonnerdal B et al. (2002) The diagnostic criteria for iron deficiency in infants should be reevaluated. J Nutr 132, 3680-3686
28. Hastka J, Lasserre JJ, Schwarzbeck A et al. (1992) Washing erythrocytes to remove interferents in measurements of zinc protoporphyrin by front-face hematofluorometry. Clin Chem 38, 2184-2189
29. Zimmermann MB, Molinari L, Staubli-Asobayire F et al. (2005) Serum transferrin receptor and zinc protoporphyrin as indicators of iron status in African children. Am J Clin Nutr 81, 615-623
30. Levine M &Ensom MH (2001) Post hoc power analysis: an idea whose time has passed? Pharmacotherapy 21, 405-409
31. Feinstein AR &Concato J (1998) The quest for 'power': contradictory hypotheses and inflated sample sizes. J Clin Epidemiol 51, 537-545
32. Hemsworth J, Kumwenda C, Rehman AM et al. (2013) The impact of various doses of lipid based nutrient supplement (LNS) on energy intake of 9 month old Malawian infants. Ann Nutr Metab 63, Suppl. 1, 827
33. World Health Organization (2014) Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. Chart Booklet. Geneva: WHO; available at http://www.who.int/maternal-child-adolescent/ documents/IMCI-chartbooklet/en
34. Clark MA, Goheen MM, Fulford A et al. (2014) Host iron status and iron supplementation mediate susceptibility to erythrocytic stage Plasmodium falciparum. Nat Commun 5, 4446
35. Zimmermann MB, Chassard C, Rohner F et al. (2010) The effects of iron fortification on the gut microbiota in African children: a randomized controlled trial in Cote d'Ivoire. Am J Clin Nutr 92, 1406-1415
36. Jonker FA, Calis JC, van Hensbroek MB et al. (2012) Iron status predicts malaria risk in Malawian preschool children. PLoS One 7, e42670
37. Nyakeriga AM, Troye-Blomberg M, Dorfman JR et al. (2004) Iron deficiency and malaria among children living on the coast of Kenya. J Infect Dis 190, 439-447
38. Veenemans J, Milligan P, Prentice AM et al. (2011) Effect of supplementation with zinc and other micronutrients on malaria in Tanzanian children: a randomized trial. PLoS Med 8, e1001125
39. Kumwenda C, Dewey KG, Hemsworth J et al. (2014) Lipid-based nutrient supplements do not decrease breast milk intake of Malawian infants. Am J Clin Nutr 99, 617-623
40. Gordon JI, Dewey KG, Mills DA et al. (2012) The human gut microbiota and undernutrition. Sci Transl Med 4, 137