The political context of science in the United States: Public acceptance of evidence-based policy and science funding

Social Forces

Volumn 94, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 723-746

  Gauchat, Gordon ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MILWAUKEE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84958606724     PISSN: 00377732     EISSN: 15347605     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/sf/sov040     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. Allison, Paul D. 1999. "Comparing Logit and Probit Coefficients across Groups". Sociological Methods and Research 28(2):186-208.
2. Allum, Nick, Patrick Sturgis, Dimitra Tabourazi, and Ian Brunton-Smith. 2008. "Science Knowledge and Attitudes across Cultures: A Meta-Analysis". Public Understanding of Science 17(1):35-54.
3. Altemeyer, Robert A. 1998. "The Other 'Authoritarian Personality.'". Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 30(1):47-91.
4. Baldassarri, Delia, and Andrew Gelman. 2008. "Partisans without Constraint: Political Polarization and Trends in American Public Opinion". American Journal of Sociology 114(2):408-46.
5. Bauer, Martin, Nick Allum, and Steve Miller. 2007. "What Can We Learn from 25 Years of PUS Survey Research? Liberating and Expanding the Agenda". Public Understanding of Science 16(1):79-95.
6. Beck, Ulrich. 1992. Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
7. Bolsen, Toby, James N. Druckman, and Fay Lomax Cook. 2014. "How Frames Can Undermine Support for Scientific Adaptations: Politicization and the Status-Quo Bias". Public Opinion Quarterly 78(1):1-26.
8. Brooks, Clem, and Jeff Manza. 2013. "A Broken Public? Americans' Responses to the Great Recession". American Sociological Review 78(5):727-48.
9. Centeno, Miguel, and Joseph N. Cohen. 2012. "The Arc of Neoliberalism". Annual Review of Sociology 38(1):15-24.
10. Cerulo, Karen A. 2014. "Continuing the Story: Maximizing the Intersections of Cognitive Science and Sociology". Sociological Forum 29(4):1012-19.
11. Cohen, Geoffrey. L. 2003. "Party Over Policy? The Dominating Impact of Group Influence on Political Beliefs". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85(5):808-22.
12. Converse, Phillip E., and Stanley Presser. 1986. Survey Questions: Handcrafting the Standardized Questionnaire. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
13. Driori, Gili S., John W. Meyer, Francisco O. Ramirez, and Evan Schofer. 2002. Science in the Modern World Polity: Institutionalization and Globalization. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
14. Duckitt, John. 2006. "Differential Effects of Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation on Outgroup Attitudes and Their Mediation by Threat from Competitiveness to Outgroups". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 26(5):299-320.
15. Duckitt, John, Claire Wagner, Ilouize Du Plessis, and Ingrid Birum. 2002. "The Psychological Bases of Ideology and Prejudice: Testing a Dual-Process Model". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 83(1):75-93.
16. Dunning, David. 1999. "A Newer Look: Motivated Social Cognition and the Schematic Representation of Social Concepts". Psychological Inquiry 10(1):1-11.
17. Durant, John, Geoffrey Evans, and Geoffrey Thomas. 1992. "Public Understanding of Science in Britain: The Role of Medicine in the Popular Representation of Science". Public Understanding of Science 1(2):161-82.
18. Ellis, Christopher, and James A. Stimson. 2012. Ideology in America. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
19. Ellison, Christopher G., and Marc A. Musick. 1995. "Conservative Protestantism and Public Opinion toward Science". Review of Religious Research 36(3):245-62.
20. Evans, John H. 2013. "The Growing Social and Moral Conflict between Conservative Protestantism and Science". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 52(2):368-85.
21. Evans, John H., and Michael S. Evans. 2008. "Religion and Science: Beyond the Epistemological Conflict Narrative". Annual Review of Sociology 34:87-105.
22. Feldman, Stanley, and Karen Stenner. 1997. "Perceived Threat and Authoritarianism". Political Psychology 18(4):741-70.
23. Fiorina, Morris P., Samuel J. Abrams, and Jeremy C. Pope. 2010. Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America. New York: Pearson Longman.
24. Frank, Thomas. 2005. What's the Matter with Kansas: How Conservatives Won the Heart of America. New York: Henry Holt.
25. Frickel, Scott, and Kelly Moore. 2006. The New Political Sociology of Science: Institutions, Networks, and Power. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
26. Gauchat, Gordon. 2008. "A Test of Three Theories of Anti-Science". Sociological Focus 41(4): 337-57.
27. Gauchat, Gordon. 2011. "The Cultural Authority of Science: Public Trust and Acceptance of Organized Science". Public Understanding of Science 20:751-70.
28. Gauchat, Gordon. 2012. "The Politicization of Science in the Public Sphere: A Study of Public Trust in Science in the US, 1974-2010". American Sociological Review 77:167-87.
29. Gauchat, Gordon, and Kent Redding. 2015. "Political Ideology in Public Opinion Research: A Cognitive Sociology Approach". (Forthcoming).
30. Giddens, Anthony. 1991. Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late-Modern Age. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
31. Gieryn, Thomas F. 1983. "Boundary-Work and the Demarcation of Science from Non-Science". American Sociological Review 48(6):781-95.
32. Gieryn, Thomas F. 1999. Cultural Boundaries of Science: Credibility on the Line. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
33. Gieryn, Thomas F. 2010. "Paradigm for the Sociology of Science". In Robert Merton: Sociology of Science and Sociology as Science, edited by Calhoun, Craig, 21-39. New York: Columbia University Press.
34. Goffman, Erving. 1986. Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Boston: Northeast University Press.
35. Gross, Neil, Thomas Medvetz, and Rupert Russell. 2011. "The Contemporary American Conservative Movement". Annual Review of Sociology 37:325-54.
36. Hetherington, Marc J., and Jonathan D. Weiler. 2009. Authoritarianism and Polarization in American Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
37. Hunter, James D. 1991. Culture Wars: The Struggle to Define America. New York: Basic Books.
38. Ignatow, Gabriel. 2014. "Ontology and Method in Cognitive Sociology". Sociological Forum 29(4):990-94.
39. Jasanoff, Sheila. 1990. The Fifth Branch: Science Advisors as Policy Makers. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
40. Jost, John T., Christopher M. Federico, and Jaime L. Napier. 2009. "Political Ideology: Its Structure, Functions, and Elective Affinities". Annual Review of Psychology 60:307-37.
41. Jost, John T., Jack Glaser, Arie W. Kruglanski, and Frank J. Sulloway. 2003. "Political Conservatism as Motivated Reasoning". Psychological Bulletin 129(3):339-75.
42. Kahan, Dan M. 2013. "Ideology, Motivated Reasoning, and Cognitive Reflection". Judgement and Decision Making 8(4):407-24.
43. Kahan, Dan M., Ellen Peters, Maggie Wittlin, Paul Slovic, Lisa Larrimore Ouellette, Donald Braman, and Gregory Mandel. 2012. "The Polarizing Impact of Science Literacy and Numeracy on Perceived Climate Change Risks". Nature Climate Change 2(10):732-35.
44. Kahneman, Daniel. 2003. "Maps of Bounded Rationality: Psychology for Behavior Economics". American Economic Reviews 93(5):1449-75.
45. Kunda, Ziva. 1990. "The Case for Motivated Reasoning". Psychological Bulletin 108(3):480-98.
46. Lee, Chul-Joo, Dietram A. Scheufele, and Bruce V. Lewenstein. 2005. "Public Attitudes Toward Emerging Technologies". Science Communication 27(2):240-67.
47. Lewenstein, Bruce V. 1992. "The Meaning of 'Public Understanding of Science' in the United States after World War II". Public Understanding of Science 1(1):45-68.
48. Lizardo, Omar. 2014. "Beyond the Comtean Schema: The Sociology of Culture and Cognition Versus Cognitive Social Science". Sociological Forum 29(4):983-89.
49. Long, J. Scott. 1997. Regression Models for Categorical and Limited Dependent Variables. London: Sage Publications.
50. Long, J. Scott. 2009. "Group Comparisons in Logit and Probit Using Predicted Probabilities". Unpublished manuscript, Department of Sociology, University of Indiana.
51. Martin, John Levi. 2011. The Explanation of Social Action. New York: Oxford University Press.
52. Martin, John Levi, and Matthew Desmond. 2010. "Political Position and Social Knowledge". Sociological Forum 25(1):1-26.
53. McCarty, Nolan, Keith T. Poole, and Howard Rosenthal. 2006. Polarized America: The Dance of Ideology and Unequal Riches. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
54. McCright, Aaron M., and Riley E. Dunlap. 2011. "The Politicization of Climate Change and Polarization in the American Public's Views of Global Warming, 2001-2010". Sociological Quarterly 52(2): 155-94.
55. McKelvey, Richard D., and William Zavoina. 1975. "A Statistical Model for the Analysis of Ordinal Level Dependent Variables". Journal of Mathematical Sociology 4(1):103-20.
56. Merton, Robert K. 1968[1938]. "Science and the Social Order". In Social Theory and Social Structure, 591-603. New York: Free Press.
57. Merton, Robert K. 1968[1942]. "Science and Democratic Social Structure". In Social Theory and Social Structure, 604-15. New York: Free Press.
58. Miller, Jon D. 1998. "The Measurement of Civic Scientific Literacy". Public Understanding of Science 7(2):203-24.
59. Miller, Jon D. 2004. "Public Understanding of, and Attitudes Toward, Scientific Research: What We Know and What We Need to Know". Public Understanding of Science 13(3):273-94.
60. Mirowski, Phillip, and Esther-Mirjam Sent. 2008. "The Commercialization of Science and the Response of STS". In The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, 3rd ed., edited by Hackett, E. J., O. Amsterdamska, M. Lynch, and J. Wajcman, 635-90. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
61. Mooney, Chris. 2005. The Republican War on Science. New York: Basic Books.
62. Moore, Kelly, Daniel L. Kleinman, David Hess, and Scott Frickel. 2011. "Science and Neoliberal Globalization: A Political Sociological Approach". Theory and Society 40(3):505-32.
63. Moore, Kelly. 2008. Disrupting Science: Social Movements, American Scientists, and the Politics of the Military. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
64. Morello, Laren. 2013. "More Cuts Loom for US Science". Nature 501:147-48.
65. Mulkay, Michael. 1976. "Norms and Ideology in Science". Social Science Information 15(4):637-56.
66. Napier, Jaime L., and John T. Jost. 2008. "The 'Antidemocratic Personality' Revisited: A Cross-National Investigation of Working-Class Authoritarianism". Journal of Social Issues 64(3):595-617.
67. National Science Foundation. 2012. Using Science as Evidence in Public Policy. Washington, DC.
68. National Science Foundation. 2012. "Science and Engineering Indicators". Arlington, VA.
69. National Science Foundation. 2014. "Science and Engineering Indicators". Arlington, VA.
70. Newport, Frank. 2007. "The Majority of Republicans Doubt Theory of Evolution". Gallup. (April 28, 2010) http://www.gallup.com/poll/27847/Majority-Republicans-Doubt-Theory-Evolution.aspx?utm_source=evolution&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=tiles.
71. Nisbet, Matthew C. 2010. "Framing Science: A New Paradigm in Public Engagement". In Communicating Science: New Agendas in Communication, edited by Kahlor, LeeAnn, and Patricia A. Stout, 44-67. New York: Routledge.
72. Otto, S. L. 2012."Antiscience Beliefs Jeopardize U.S. Democracy". Scientific American.
73. Panofsky, Aaron L. 2010. "A Critical Reconsideration of the Ethos and Autonomy of Science". In Robert Merton: Sociology of Science and Sociology as Science, edited by Calhoun, Craig, 140-63. New York: Columbia University Press.
74. Perrin, Andrew, J. Micah Roos, and Gordon Gauchat. 2014. "From Coalition to Constraint: Modes of Thought in Contemporary American Conservatism". Sociological Forum 29(2):285-300.
75. Reardon, Sarah. 2013. "Large NIH Project Cuts". Nature 503:173-74.
76. Scheufele, Dietram A., and Bruce V. Lewenstein. 2005. "The Public and Nanotechnology: How Citizens Make Sense of Emerging Technologies". Journal of Nanoparticle Research 7:659-67.
77. ScienceDebate.org. last modified February 2, 2015, http://www.sciencedebate.org.
78. Shapin, Steven. 2008. "Science and the Modern World". In The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, 3rd ed., edited by Hackett, E. J., O. Amsterdamska, M. Lynch, and J. Wajcman, 433-48. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
79. Shapin, Steven. 2010. Never Pure: Historical Studies of Science as It Was Produced by People with Bodies, Situated in Time, Space, Culture, and Society, and Struggling for Credibility and Authority. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press.
80. Shapin, Steven, and Simon Schaffer. 1985. Leviathan and the Air Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
81. Sherman, David K., and Geoffrey L. Cohen. 2006. "The Psychology of Self-Defense: Self-Affirmation Theory". Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 38(1):183-232.
82. Smith, Eliot R. 2000. "Research Designs". In Handbook of Research Methods in Social and Personality Psychology, edited by Reise, Harry T., and Charles M. Judd, 27-48. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
83. Smith, Tom W. 2012. "Trends in Confidence in Institutions, 1973-2006". In Social Trends in American Life: Findings from the General Social Survey since 1972, edited by Marsden, Peter V., 177-211 Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
84. Stenner, Karen. 2005. The Authoritarian Dynamic. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
85. Sturgis, Patrick, and Nick Allum. 2004. "Science in Society: Re-Evaluating the Deficit Model of Public Attitudes". Public Understanding of Science 13(1):55-74.
86. Union of Concerned Scientists. last modified February 15, 2015, http://www.ucsusa.org.
87. Vaisey, Stephen. 2009. "Motivation and Justification: A Dual-Process Model of Culture in Action". American Journal of Sociology 114(6):1675-15.
88. Wadman, Meredith. 2012. "The NIH Faces Up to Hard Times". Nature. http://www.nature.com/news/the-nih-faces-up-to-hard-times-1.11458.
89. Winship, Christopher, and Robert D. Mare. 1984. "Regression Models with Ordinal Variables". American Sociological Review 49(1):512-25.
90. Wuthnow, Robert. 1989. Communities of Discourse: Ideology and Social Structure in the Reformation, the Enlightenment, and European Socialism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
91. Wynne, Brian. 1995. "Public Understanding of Science". In The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, edited by Jasanoff, Sheila, Gerald E. Markle, James C. Petersen, and Trevor Pinch, 361-88. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
92. Zhang, Sarah. 2013. "Republicans Put 'National Interest' Requirement on US Science Agency". Nature. http://www.nature.com/news/republicans-put-national-interest-requirement-on-us-science-agency-1.14102.
93. Zuckerman, Harriet. 1988. "The Sociology of Science". In Handbook of Sociology, edited by Smelser, Neil. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.