Breast milk composition and infant nutrient intakes during the first 12 months of life

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 70, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 250-256

  Grote, V ^a   Verduci, E ^b   Scaglioni, S ^b   Vecchi, F ^b   Contarini, G ^c   Giovannini, M ^b   Koletzko, B ^a   Agostoni, C ^b  

^a LUDWIG MAXIMILIANS UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

^c ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DELLA NUTRIZIONE   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GALACTOSE; NONPROTEIN NITROGEN; PROTEIN; FATTY ACID; NITROGEN DERIVATIVE; PROTEIN INTAKE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; BREAST FEEDING; BREAST MILK; CALORIC INTAKE; CARBOHYDRATE ANALYSIS; FAT INTAKE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; FOOD COMPOSITION; HUMAN; INFANT; INFANT NUTRITION; ITALIAN (CITIZEN); LIPID COMPOSITION; MACRONUTRIENT; MALE; MATERNAL AGE; NORMAL HUMAN; PROTEIN CONTENT; PROTEIN INTAKE; AGE; ANALYSIS; CHEMISTRY; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; ITALY; MOTHER; MULTICENTER STUDY; NEWBORN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

AGE FACTORS; BODY MASS INDEX; BREAST FEEDING; DIETARY PROTEINS; ENERGY INTAKE; FATTY ACIDS; FEMALE; GALACTOSE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; ITALY; MALE; MILK, HUMAN; MOTHERS; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS;

EID: 84956915576     PISSN: 09543007     EISSN: 14765640     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.162     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Agostoni C, Decsi T, Fewtrell M, Goulet O, Kolacek S, Koletzko B et al. Complementary feeding: a commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2008; 46: 99-110.
2. Nutrition ECo, Agostoni C, Braegger C, Decsi T, Kolacek S, Koletzko B et al. Breastfeeding: a commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009; 49: 112-125.
3. Hermoso M, Tabacchi G, Iglesia-Altaba I, Bel-Serrat S, Moreno-Aznar LA, Garcia-Santos Y et al. The nutritional requirements of infants. Towards EU alignment of reference values: the EURRECA network. Matern Child Nutr 2010; 6: 55-83.
4. Koletzko B, Baker S, Cleghorn G, Neto UF, Gopalan S, Hernell O et al. Global standard for the composition of infant formula: recommendations of an ESPGHAN coordinated international expert group. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2005; 41: 584-599.
5. Koletzko B, Bhutta ZA, Cai W, Cruchet S, El Guindi M, Fuchs GJ et al. Compositional requirements of follow-up formula for use in infancy: recommendations of an international expert group coordinated by the Early Nutrition Academy. Ann Nutr Metab 2013; 62: 44-54.
6. Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA, Peerson JM, Lonnerdal B, Dewey KG. Energy and protein intakes of breast-fed and formula-fed infants during the first year of life and their association with growth velocity: the DARLING Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1993; 58: 152-161.
7. Ferris AM, Dotts MA, Clark RM, Ezrin M, Jensen RG. Macronutrients in human milk at 2, 12, and 16. weeks postpartum. J Am Diet Assoc 1988; 88: 694-697.
8. Butte NF, Garza C, Johnson CA, Smith EO, Nichols BL. Longitudinal changes in milk composition of mothers delivering preterm and term infants. Early Hum Dev 1984; 9: 153-162.
9. Neville MC, Allen JC, Archer PC, Casey CE, Seacat J, Keller RP et al. Studies in human lactation: milk volume and nutrient composition during weaning and lactogenesis. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 54: 81-92.
10. Allen JC, Keller RP, Archer P, Neville MC. Studies in human lactation: milk composition and daily secretion rates of macronutrients in the first year of lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 54: 69-80.
11. Marangoni F, Agostoni C, Lammardo AM, Giovannini M, Galli C, Riva E. Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in human hindmilk are stable throughout 12-months of lactation and provide a sustained intake to the infant during exclusive breastfeeding: an Italian study. Br J Nutr 2000; 84: 103-109.
12. Agostoni C, Riva E, Scaglioni S, Marangoni F, Radaelli G, Giovannini M. Dietary fats and cholesterol in italian infants and children. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 72: 1384S-1391S.
13. Koletzko B, von Kries R, Closa R, Escribano J, Scaglioni S, Giovannini M et al. Lower protein in infant formula is associated with lower weight up to age 2. y: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89: 1836-1845.
14. Schiess S, Grote V, Scaglioni S, Luque V, Martin F, Stolarczyk A et al. Introduction of complementary feeding in 5. European countries. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010; 50: 92-98.
15. WHO MGRSG. WHO Child Growth Standards based on length/height, weight and age. Acta Paediatr Suppl 2006; 450: 76-85.
16. Shank RE, Hoagland CL. A modified method for the quantitative determination of the thymol turbidity reaction of serum. J Biol Chem 1946; 162: 133-138.
17. Kowalski ZE, Giesecke WH. A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the fluorimetric determination of lactose, galactose and glucose in normal and abnormal milk of cows. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1986; 53: 225-229.
18. Folch J, Lees M, Sloane Stanley GH. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 1957; 226: 497-509.
19. Rouser G, Siakotos AN, Fleischer S. Quantitative analysis of phospholipids by thin-layer chromatography and phosphorus analysis of spots. Lipids 1966; 1: 85-86.
20. Verwied-Jorky S, Schiess S, Luque V, Grote V, Scaglioni S, Vecchi F et al. Methodology for longitudinal assessment of nutrient intake and dietary habits in early childhood in a transnational multicenter study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2011; 52: 96-102.
21. Atkinson SA, Koletzko B. Determining life-stage groups and extrapolating nutrient intake values (NIVs). Food Nutr Bull 2007; 28: S61-S76.
22. Nommsen LA, Lovelady CA, Heinig MJ, Lonnerdal B, Dewey KG. Determinants of energy, protein, lipid, and lactose concentrations in human milk during the first 12. mo of lactation: the DARLING Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53: 457-465.
23. Michaelsen KF, Larsen PS, Thomsen BL, Samuelson G. The Copenhagen Cohort Study on Infant Nutrition and Growth: breast-milk intake, human milk macronutrient content, and influencing factors. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59: 600-611.
24. Khan S, Hepworth AR, Prime DK, Lai CT, Trengove NJ, Hartmann PE. Variation in fat, lactose, and protein composition in breast milk over 24. hours: associations with infant feeding patterns. J Hum Lact 2013; 29: 81-89.
25. Quinn EA, Largado F, Power M, Kuzawa CW. Predictors of breast milk macronutrient composition in Filipino mothers. Am J Hum Biol 2012; 24: 533-540.
26. Bauer J, Gerss J. Longitudinal analysis of macronutrients and minerals in human milk produced by mothers of preterm infants. Clin Nutr 2011; 30: 215-220.
27. Coppa GV, Gabrielli O, Pierani P, Catassi C, Carlucci A, Giorgi PL. Changes in carbohydrate composition in human milk oer 4. months of lactation. Pediatrics 1993; 91: 637-641.
28. Cavalli C, Teng C, Battaglia FC, Bevilacqua G. Free sugar and sugar alcohol concentrations in human breast milk. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2006; 42: 215-221.
29. Antonakou A, Skenderi KP, Chiou A, Anastasiou CA, Bakoula C, Matalas AL. Breast milk fat concentration and fatty acid pattern during the first six months in exclusively breastfeeding Greek women. Eur J Nutr 2013; 52: 963-973.
30. Saarela T, Kokkonen J, Koivisto M. Macronutrient and energy contents of human milk fractions during the first six months of lactation. Acta Paediatr 2005; 94: 1176-1181.
31. Michaelsen KF, Skafte L, Badsberg JH, Jorgensen M. Variation in macronutrients in human bank milk: influencing factors and implications for human milk banking. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1990; 11: 229-239.
32. Jensen RG. Lipids in human milk. Lipids 1999; 34: 1243-1271.
33. Stam J, Sauer PJ, Boehm G. Can we define an infant's need from the composition of human milk? Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98: 521S-528S.
34. Koletzko B, Thiel I, Abiodun PO. The fatty acid composition of human milk in Europe and Africa. J Pediatr 1992; 120: S62-S70.
35. EFSA NDA. Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products NaA. Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and cholesterol. EFSA J 2010; 8: 1461.
36. EFSA NDA. Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products NaA. Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae. EFSA J 2014; 12: 3760.
37. Smit EN, Koopmann M, Boersma ER, Muskiet FA. Effect of supplementation of arachidonic acid (AA) or a combination of AA plus docosahexaenoic acid on breastmilk fatty acid composition. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2000; 62: 335-340.
38. Patin RV, Vitolo MR, Valverde MA, Carvalho PO, Pastore GM, Lopez FA. The influence of sardine consumption on the omega-3 fatty acid content of mature human milk. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2006; 82: 63-69.
39. Olafsdottir AS, Thorsdottir I, Wagner KH, Elmadfa I. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet and breast milk of lactating icelandic women with traditional fish and cod liver oil consumption. Ann Nutr Metab 2006; 50: 270-276.
40. Emken EA, Adlof RO, Hachey DL, Garza C, Thomas MR, Brown-Booth L. Incorporation of deuterium-labeled fatty acids into human milk, plasma, and lipoprotein phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. J Lipid Res 1989; 30: 395-402.
41. Reilly JJ, Ashworth S, Wells JCK. Metabolisable energy consumption in the exclusively breast-fed infant aged 3-6 months from the developed world: a systematic review. Br J Nutr 2005; 94: 56-63.
42. da Costa TH, Haisma H, Wells JC, Mander AP, Whitehead RG, Bluck LJ. How much human milk do infants consume? Data from 12. countries using a standardized stable isotope methodology. J Nutr 2010; 140: 2227-2232.
43. EFSA NDA. Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products NaA. Scientific opinion on nutrient requirements and dietary intakes of infants and young children in the European Union. EFSA J 2013; 11: 3408.
44. IoM (Institute of Medicine). Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. National Academies Press: Washington DC, USA, 2005.
45. Alexy U, Kersting M, Sichert-Hellert W, Manz F, Schoch G. Macronutrient intake of 3-to 36-month-old German infants and children: results of the DONALD Study. Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study. Ann Nutr Metab 1999; 43: 14-22.
46. Agostoni C, Scaglioni S, Ghisleni D, Verduci E, Giovannini M, Riva E. How much protein is safe? Int J Obes 2005; 29: S8-S13.
47. Weber M, Grote V, Closa-Monasterolo R, Escribano J, Langhendries JP, Dain E et al. Lower protein content in infant formula reduces BMI and obesity risk at school age: follow-up of a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 99: 1041-1051.
48. Koletzko B, Lien E, Agostoni C, Bohles H, Campoy C, Cetin I et al. The roles of longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy, lactation and infancy: review of current knowledge and consensus recommendations. J Perinat Med 2008; 36: 5-14.
49. Koletzko B, Boey CC, Campoy C, Carlson SE, Chang N, Guillermo-Tuazon MA et al. Current information and Asian perspectives on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy, lactation, and infancy: systematic review and practice recommendations from an early nutrition academy workshop. Ann Nutr Metab 2014; 65: 49-80.
50. Fidler N, Sauerwald T, Pohl A, Demmelmair H, Koletzko B. Docosahexaenoic acid transfer into human milk after dietary supplementation: a randomized clinical trial. J Lipid Res 2000; 41: 1376-1383.