Sea otters, kelp forests, and the extinction of Steller's sea cow

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volumn 113, Issue 4, 2016, Pages 880-885

  Estes, James A ^a   Burdin, Alexander ^b   Doak, Daniel F ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b PACIFIC INSTITUTE OF GEOGRAPHY   (Russian Federation)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

Commander Islands; Extinction; Kelp; Sea otter; Steller's sea cow

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ARTICLE; ARTIFACT; CENOZOIC; CLIMATE CHANGE; COASTAL WATERS; DUGONG; EFFECTIVE POPULATION SIZE; ENVIRONMENTAL CARRYING CAPACITY; ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE; EXTINCT SPECIES; FOOD AVAILABILITY; FOREST; HUMAN; INDIGENOUS PEOPLE; KELP; MACROALGA; MARINE ENVIRONMENT; MORTALITY RATE; NONHUMAN; OTTER; PLEISTOCENE; POPULATION DENSITY; PREDATOR; PREY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPRODUCTION; SEA URCHIN; SPECIES COMPOSITION; SPECIES EXTINCTION; STARVATION; TERRESTRIAL SPECIES; TROPHIC CASCADE; UPPER PLEISTOCENE; ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISPERSAL; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; ECOSYSTEM; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; HISTORY; HUMAN ACTIVITIES; MIGRATION; PACIFIC OCEAN; PLANT DISPERSAL;

ANIMAL DISTRIBUTION; ANIMALS; CLIMATE CHANGE; DUGONG; ECOSYSTEM; EXTINCTION, BIOLOGICAL; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; HISTORY, 18TH CENTURY; HUMAN ACTIVITIES; HUMAN MIGRATION; HUMANS; KELP; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; OTTERS; PACIFIC OCEAN; PLANT DISPERSAL; POPULATION DENSITY; SEA URCHINS;

EID: 84955461611     PISSN: 00278424     EISSN: 10916490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1502552112     Document Type: Article

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