Research design and proposal writing in spatial science

Research Design and Proposal Writing in Spatial Science

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 1-215

  Gatrell, Jay D ^a   Bierly, Gregory D ^a   Jensen, Ryan R ^b  

^a INDIANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Geography; Grant writing; Proposal writing; Research; Spatial science

Indexed keywords

EID: 84955331435     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2281-1     Document Type: Book

References (346)

1. Abler R, Adams J, Gould P (1971) Spatial organization. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs
2. Bossier JD (2002) An introduction to geospatial science and technology. In: Bossler JD (ed) The manual of geospatial science and technology. Taylor and Francis, London, pp 3-7
3. Doel M (1999) Poststructuralist geographies: the diabolical art of spatial science. Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham
4. Doreian P (1981) Estimating linear models with spatially distributed data. In: Leinhardt S (ed) Sociological methodology. Jossey-Bass, Francisco, pp 359-388
5. Formica V, Gonser R, Ramsay S, Tuttle E (2004) Spatial dynamics of alternative reproductive strategies: the role of neighbors. Ecology 85:1125-1136
6. Lichstein J, Simons T, Shriner S, Franzreb K (2003) Spatial autocorrelation and autoregressive models. Ecol Monogr 72:445-463
7. Pattison W (1964) The four traditions of geography. J Geogr 63(5):211-216
8. Robinson J (1976) A new look at the four traditions of geography. J Geogr 75:520-530
9. Smith T, Mathae K (2004) National Science Foundation in the FY 2005 budget. AAAS report XXIX: research & development FY2005. http://www.aaas.org/spp/rd/05pch7.htm
10. Soja E (1980) The socio-spatial dialectic. Annals 70:207-225
11. Urban D (2003) ENV 352 Spatial Analysis in Ecology. Landscape Ecology Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University. http://www.nicholas.duke. edu/landscape/classes/env352/env352.html
12. Bradbury J, Keim B, Wake C (2003) The influence of regional storm tracking and teleconnections on winter precipitation in the Northeastern United States. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 93:544-556
13. Flint C (2003) Political geography II: terrorism, modernity, governance and governmentality. Prog Hum Geogr 27:97-106
14. Krathwohl D (1988) How to prepare a research proposal: guidelines for funding & dissertations in the social & behavioral sciences. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse
15. Muller P (1971) Dissertation abstract: Thünian analysis at the macro-scale: a trend-surface analysis of the Spatial Organization of American Agriculture. Department of Geography, Rutgers University, A. Getis (advisor)
16. Owen W (2004) First person: in defense of the least publishable unit. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 9 Feb. http://www.chronicle.com
17. Suvanto S, Applegate G, Permana R, Khususiyah N, Kurniawan I (2004) The role of fire in changing landuse and livelihoods in Riau-Sumatra. Ecol Soc 9:15 (11 pages)
18. Bernstein RJ (1983) Beyond objectivism and relativism: science, hermeneutics, and praxis. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia
19. Bhaskar R (1977) A realist theory of science. Harvester, Brighton
20. Braithwaite RB (1953) Scientific explanation: a study of the function of theory, probability and law in science. Cambridge University Press, London
21. Demeritt D (1996) Social theory and the reconstruction of science and geography. Trans Inst Br Geogr 21:484-503
22. Dowling D (1999) Experimenting on theories. Science in Context 12:261-273
23. Gieryn TF (1994) Boundaries of science. In: Jasanoff S, Markle G, Petersen J, Pinch T (eds) Handbook of science and technology studies. Sage, London
24. Haring LL, Lounsbury JF, Frazier JW (1992) Introduction to scientific geographic research. Wm. C. Brown Publishers, Dubuque
25. Hess DJ (1997) Science studies: An advanced introduction. New York University Press, New York
26. Popper KR (1968) The Logic of Scientific Discovery, 2d ed. Harper & Row, New York
27. Kuhn TS (1962) The structure of scientific revolutions. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
28. Moss RP (1979) On geography as science. Geoforum 10:223-233
29. Rorty R (1991) Objectivism, relativism and truth. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
30. Sismondo S (1996) Science without myth. On constructions, reality, and social knowledge. State University of New York Press, Albany
31. Anselin L (1988) Spatial econometrics: methods and models. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht
32. Clark WAV, Hosking PL (1986) Statistical methods for geographer. Wiley, New York
33. Cliff AD, Ord JK (1981) Spatial processes: models and applications. Pion, London
34. Cox K, Mair A (1989) Levels of abstraction in locality studies. Antipode 21:121-132
35. Haining RP (1980) Spatial autocorrelation problems. In: Herbert DT, Johnson RJ (eds) Geography and the urban environment: progress in research and applications. Wiley, Chichester, pp 1-44
36. Hammond R, McCullagh PS (1974) Quantitative techniques in geography: an introduction. Oxford University Press, Oxford
37. Haring LL, Lounsbury JF, Frazier JW (1971) Introduction to scientific geographic research. Wm. C. Brown Publishers, Dubuque
38. Kitanidas PK (1997) An introduction to applied geostatistics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
39. Locke L, Spirduso W, Silverman S (1999) Proposals that work, 4th edn. Sage, Thousand Oaks
40. Lyotard J (1990) Duchamp’s TRANS/formers. Lapis Press, Venice
41. Richards K (1996) Samples and cases: generalization and explanation in geomorphology. In: Rhoads BL, Thorn CE (eds) The scientific nature of geomorphology. Wiley, Chichester, pp 171-190
42. Sagan C (1996) The demon-haunted world: science as a candle in the dark. Random House, New York
43. Sayer A (1992) Method in social science: a realist approach, 2nd edn. Hutchinson, London
44. Wrigley N (1983) Quantitative methods: on data and diagnostics. Prog Hum Geogr 7(4):567-577
45. Chappell J (1989) Relations between geography and other discipline. In: Kenzer MS (ed) On becoming a professional geographer. Merrill, Columbus, pp 17-31
46. Jakle J (1989) The writing of scholarly books in geography. In: Kenzer MS (ed) On becoming a professional geographer. Merrill, Columbus, pp 124-134
47. Wu C, Murray A (2003) A cokriging method for estimating population density in Urban Areas. In: Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers, New Orleans, LA (PDF Document)
48. Casetti E (1972) Generating models by the expansion method: applications to Geographical research. Geogr Anal 4:81-91
49. Clark WAV, Hosking PL (1986) Statistical methods for geographers. Wiley, New York
50. Dilley AC, Millie S, O’Brien DM, Edwards M (2004) The relation between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and vegetation moisture content at three Grassland locations in Victoria, Australia. Int J Remote Sens 25(19):3913-3928
51. Fotheringham AS (1997) Trends in quantitative methods 1: stressing the local. Prog Hum Geogr 21(1):88-96
52. Fotheringham AS (1998) Trends in quantitative methods II: stressing the computational. Prog Hum Geogr 22(2):283-292
53. Fotheringham AS (1999) Trends in quantitative methods III: stressing the visual. Prog Hum Geogr 23(4):597-606
54. Gatrell JD, Jensen RJ (2002) Growth though greening: developing and assessing alternative economic development programmes. Appl Geogr 22:331-350
55. Hanham R, Spiker JS (2005) Urban sprawl detection using satellite imagery and geographically weighted regression. In: Jensen RJ, Gatrell JD, Maclean D (eds) Geo-spatial technologies in urban environments. Springer, Berlin
56. Harris R (2003) Remote sensing of agriculture change in Oman. Int J Remote Sens 24(23): 4835-4852
57. Heynen N, Lindsey G (2003) Correlates of urban forest canopy: implications for local public works. Public Works Management and Policy 8:33-47
58. Huang Y, Leung Y (2002) Analysing regional industrialisation in Jiangsu province using geographically weighted regression. J Geogr Syst 4:233-249
59. Jensen RJ, Gatrell JD, Boulton J, Harper B (2004) Using remote sensing and geographic information systems to study urban quality of life and urban forest amenities. Ecol Soc 9:5, 10 pp
60. Muller V, Gossette F (2005) Satellites, census, and the quality of life. In: Jensen RJ, Gatrell JD, Maclean D (eds) Geo-spatial technologies in urban environments. Springer, Berlin
61. Radeloff V, Hagen A, Field DR (2000) Exploring the spatial relationship between census and landcover data. Soc Nat Resour 13:599-609
62. Sato HP, Tateishi R (2004) Land cover classification in SE Asia using near and short wave infrared bands. Int J Remote Sens 25(14):2821-2832
63. Trisurat Y, Eiumnoh A, Murai S, Hussain MZ, Shrestha RP (2000) Improvement of tropical vegetation mapping using a remote sensing technique:a case of Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. Int J Remote Sens 21(10):2031-2042
64. Weber C, Petropoulou C, Hirsch J (2005) Urban development in the Athens Metropolitan area using remote sensing data with supervised analysis and GIS. Int J Remote Sens 26(4):785-796
65. Bassett TJ (1988) The political ecology of peasant-herder conflicts in the Northern Ivory Coast. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 78(3):453-472
66. Bassett TJ, Koli Bi Z (2000) Environmental discourses and the Ivorian savanna. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 90(1):67-95
67. Becker LC (2001) Seeing green in Mali’s woods: colonial legacy, forest use, and local control. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 91(3):504-526
68. BERNAMA (2000) Malaysia’s timber industry shifts to downstream activities. http://forests.org/archive/indomalay/maltimbu.htm. Accessed 31 Mar 2004
69. BERNAMA (2004) Malaysia timber council regrets accusation by greenpeace. http://www.forests.org/articles/reader.asp?linkid = 29525. Accessed 31 Mar 2004
70. Bernard HR (2000) Social research methods: qualitative and quantitative approaches. Sage, Thousand Oaks
71. Black R (1990) ‘Regional political ecology’ in theory and practice: a case study from Northern Portugal. Trans Inst British Geogr 15(1):35-47
72. Blaikie P (1985) The political economy of soil erosion in developing countries. Longman development series, No. 1, Longman, London, p. 188
73. Blaikie P, Brookfield H (1987) Land degradation and society. Methuen, London
74. Bryant RL (1998) Power, knowledge and political ecology in the third world: a review. Prog Phys Geogr 22(1):79-94
75. Bryant RL, Bailey S (1997) Third world political ecology. Routledge, London
76. Carney J (1996) Converting the wetlands, engendering the environment: the intersection of gender with agrarian change in Gambia. In: Peet R, Watts M (eds) Liberation ecologies: environment, development, social movements. Routledge, London/New York, pp 165-187
77. Carney J, Watts M (1991) Disciplining women? Rice, mechanization, and the evolution of Mandinka gender relations in Senegambia. Signs 16(4):651-681
78. Conservation International (2004) Sundaland. http://www.biodiversityhotspots.org/xp/Hotspots/sundaland/. Accessed 31 Mar 2004
79. Escobar A (1996) Constructing nature: elements for a poststructuralist political ecology. In: Peet R, Watts M (eds) Liberation ecologies: environment, development, social movements. Routledge, London, pp 46-68
80. Escobar A (1998) Whose knowledge, whose nature? biodiversity, conservation, and the political ecology of social movements. J Political Ecol 5(1):53-82
81. Escobar A (1999) After nature: steps to an anti-essentialist political ecology. Curr Anthropol 40(1): 1-30
82. Fairclough N (1993) Critical discourse analysis and the marketization of public discourses: the universities. Discourse Soc 4(2):133-168
83. Fairclough N (1995) Critical discourse analysis. Longman, London
84. Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) (2003) The state of the world’s forests. http://www.mongabay.com/deforestation_stats.htm. Accessed 31 Mar 2004
85. Grossman LS (1993) The political ecology of banana exports and local food production in St. Vincent, Eastern Caribbean. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 83(2):347-367
86. Ichikawa M (2003) “One hundred years of land-use changes” political, social, and economic influences on an Iban village in Bakong River Basin, Sarawak, East Malaysia. In: Tuck-Po L, De Jong W, Kenichi A (eds) The political ecology of tropical forests in southeast Asia. Kyoto University Press, Kyoto, pp 177-199
87. Marsh CW, Greer AG (1992) Forest land-use in Sabah, Malaysia: an introduction to Danum valley. Philos Trans Biol Sci 335(1275):331-339
88. McMorrow J, Talip MA (2001) Decline of forest area in Sabah, Malaysia: relationship to state policies, land code and land capability. Glob Environ Change 11(3):217-230
89. Merrill ED (1945) The vegetation of Malaysia. The Far Eastern Q 2(1):66-76
90. Moore DS (1996) Contesting terrain in Zimbabwe’s Eastern highlands: political ecology, ethnography, and peasant resource struggles. Econ Geogr 69(4):380-401
91. Moss M (1996) Malaysia: managing the environment in a rapidly developing society. In: Dutt AK (ed) Southeast Asia: a ten region Nation. Kluwer, London, pp 291-306
92. MTCC (2004a) Malaysia’s export earnings from timber and timber products. http://www.Mtcc.com.my/. Accessed 31 Mar 2004
93. MTCC (2004b) MTCC’S response to greenpeace international’s leaflet dated January 2004. http://www.mtcc.com.my/. Accessed 31 Mar 2004
94. Nightingale A (2003) Nature-society and development: social, cultural and ecological change in Nepal. Geoforum 34(4):525-540
95. Peet R, Watts M (1996) Liberation ecology: development, sustainability, and environment in an age of market triumphalism. In: Peet R, Watts M (eds) Liberation ecologies: environment, development, social movements. Routledge, London, pp 1-45
96. Phillips L, Jprgensen MW (2002) Discourse analysis as theory and method. Sage, London
97. Rangan K (1996) From Chipko to Uttaranchal: development, environment, and social protest in the Garhwal Himalayas, India. In: Peet R, Watts M (eds) Liberation ecologies: environment, development, social movements. Routledge, London, pp 205-226
98. Rangan H (1997) Property vs. control: the state and forest management in the Indian Himalayas. Dev Change 28(1):71-94
99. Robbins P (1998) Authority and environment: institutional landscapes in Rajasthan, India. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 88(3):410-435
100. Rocheleau D, Thomas-Slayter B, Wangari E (eds) (1996) Feminist political ecology: global issues and local experiences. Routledge, London
101. Schroeder RA (1993) Shady practice: gender and the political ecology of resource stabilization in Gambian garden/orchards. Econ Geogr 69(4):349-365
102. Schroeder RA (1997) ‘Re-claiming’ land in the Gambia: gendered property rights and environmental intervention. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 87(3):487-508
103. Schroeder RA, Suryanata K (1996) Gender and class power in agro forestry systems: case studies from Indonesia and West Africa. In: Liberation ecologies: environment, development, and social movements. Routledge, London, pp 188-204
104. Shields MD, Flora CB, Thomas-Slayter B, Buenavista G (1996) Developing and dismantling social capital: gender and resource management in - the Philippines. In: Rocheleau D, Thomas-Slayter B, Wangari E (eds) Feminist political ecology: global issues and local experiences. Routledge, London, pp 155-179
105. Tischer S, Meyer M, Wodak R, Vetter E (2000) Methods of text and discourse analysis. Sage, London
106. United Nations Department for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development (UNDPCSD) (1997) Country profile, Malaysia, implementation of Agenda 21: review of progress made since the united conference on environment and development, 1992, Chapter 11: combating deforestation. http://www.un.org/esa/earthsummit/malay-cp.htm#chap11. Accessed 31 Mar 2004
107. Wickramasinghe A (1994) Deforestation, women and forestry. International Books, Utrecht
108. Anderton DL, Anderson A, Oakes J, Fraser M (1994) Environmental equity: the demographics of dumping. Demography 31:229-248
109. Atlas M (2002) Few and far between? an environmental equity analysis of the geographic distribution of hazardous waste generation. Soc Sci Q 83(1):365-378
110. Brown B, Perkins DD, Brown G (2003) Place attachment in a Revitali zing neighborhood: individual and block levels of analysis. J Environ Psychol 23:259-271
111. Bullard RD (1990) Dumping in Dixie: race, class, and environmental quality. Westview Press, Boulder
112. Buzzelli M, Jerrett M, Burnett R, Finklestein N (2003) Spatiotemporal perspectives on air pollution and environmental justice in Hamilton, Canada, 1985-1996. Ann AAG 93(3): 557-573
113. Chambers S (2007) Minority empowerment and environmental justice. Urban Aff Rev 43(1): 28-54
114. Checker M (2008) Bringing ‘green collar’ jobs to the South Bronx. Gotham Gazette. Available at. www.gothamgazette.com/article/communitydevelopment/20080819/20/2616. Accessed 19 Aug 2008
115. Colten C (2006) An unnatural metropolis: wresting new orleans from nature. LSU Press, Baton Rouge
116. Corburn J (2003) Bringing local knowledge in environmental decision making: improving urban planning for communities at risk. J Plan Educ Res 22(4):420-433
117. Desfor G, Keil R (2004) Contested and polluted terrain: soil remediation in Toronto. In: Nature and the city: making environmental policy in Toronto and Los Angeles. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp 140-172
118. Elliott S et al (1999) The power of perception: health risk attributed to pollution in an Urban industrial neighborhood. Risk Anal 19(4):621-634
119. Franklin A (2006) Burning cities: a posthumanist account of Australians and eucalypts. Environ Plan D Soc Space 24(4):555-576
120. Gandy M (2005) Concrete and clay. MIT Press, Cambridge, USA
121. Heynen N, Kaika M, Swyngedouw E (2006) In the nature of cities: Urban political ecology and the politics of urban metabolism. Routledge, London/New York
122. Heynen N, Perkins H, Roy P (2007) Failing to grow ‘their’ own justice? the co-production of racial/gendered labor and Milwaukee’s urban forest. Urban Geogr 28:732-754
123. Hulse LJ (2001) Targeting neighborhoods. In: To market, To market: reinventing Indianapolis. University Press of America, Inc, New York, pp 174-199
124. Knigge L, Cope M (2006) Grounded visualization: integrating the analysis of qualitative and quantitative data through grounded theory and visualization. Environ Plan A 38: 2021-2037
125. Kurtz H (2005) Alternative visions for citizenship practice in an environmental justice dispute. Space Polity 9(1):77-91
126. Kwan MP (2002) Feminist visualization: re-envisioning GIS as a method in feminist geographic research. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 92(4):645-661
127. Lee C (1992) Toxic waste and race in the United States. In: Bryant B, Mohai P (eds) Race and the incidence of environmental hazards: a time for discourse. Westview, Boulder
128. Margai FL (2001) Health risks and environmental inequity: a geographical analysis of accidental releases of hazardous materials. The Prof Geogr 53(3):422-434
129. McAdam D (1999) Political process and the development of black insurgency, 1930-1970. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
130. McLafferty S (2002) Mapping women’s worlds: knowledge, power, and the bounds of GIS. Gender Place Cult 9(3):263-269
131. Mohai P (2003) African American concern for the environment. Environment 45(5):11-26
132. Mohai P, Bryant B (eds) (1992) Race and the incidence of environmental hazards: a time for discourse. Westview, Boulder
133. Pastor M, Sadd J, Hipp J (2001) Which came first? toxic facilities, minority move-in, and environmental justice. J Urban Aff 23:1-21
134. Pavlovskaya M (2006) Theorizing with GIS: a tool for critical geographies. Environ Plan A 38:2003-2020
135. Piven FF, Cloward RA (1978) Poor people’s movements: why they succeed, how they fail. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, New York
136. Pulido L (2000) Rethinking environmental racism: white privilege and urban development in southern California. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 90:12-40
137. Robbins P (2007) Lawn people: how grassess, weeds, and chemicals make us who we are. Temple University Press, Philadelphia
138. Scammell M et al (2009) Tangible evidence, trust, and power: public perceptions of community environmental health studies. Soc Sci Med 68(1):143-153
139. Stephan M (2005) Democracy in our backyards: a study of community involvement in administrative decision making. Environ Behav 37(5):662-682
140. United Church of Christ Commission for Racial Justice (1987) Toxic wastes and race in the United States: a national report on the racial and socioeconomic characteristics of communities with hazardous waste sites. Public Data Access, New York
141. Veron R (2006) Remaking urban environments: the political ecology of air pollution in Delhi. Environ Plan A 38(11):2093-2109
142. Wakefield S, Elliott SJ (2000) Environmental risk perception and well-being: effects of the landfill siting process in two Southern Ontario communities. Soc Sci Med 50:1139-1154
143. Wakefield S et al (2001) Environmental risk perception and well-being: effects of the landfill siting process in two southern Ontario communities. Soc Sci Med 50:1139-1154
144. Wakefield Setal (2006) Taking environmental action: the role of composition, context, and collective. Environ Manage 37(1):40-53
145. Williams BL, Florez Y (2002) Do Mexican Americans perceive environmental issues differently than Caucasians: a study of cross-ethnic variation in perceptions related to water in Tucson. Environ Health Perspect 110(2):303-310
146. Wilson D (2007) City transformation and the global trope: Indianapolis and Cleveland. Globalizations 4(1):29-44
147. Anderson D, McNeil G (1992) Artificial neural network technology. DACS, Rome. http://www.dacs.dtic.mil/techs/neural/neural.title.html
148. Ardo J, Pilesjo P, Skidmore A (1997) Neural networks, multitemporal Landsat thematic mapper data and topographic data to classify forest damage in the Czech Republic. Can J Remote Sens 31:217-219
149. Bandibas JC (1998) Combining the spectral and spatial signature of information classes using artificial neural network based classifier for remote sensing of spatially heterogeneous landuse/land cover system in the tropics. Proceedings of the 19th Asian conference on remote sensing, Manila, 16-20 Nov 1998. http://www.gisdevelopment.net/aars/acrs/1998/ts9/ts9002.shtml
150. Benediktsson JA, Sveinsson JR (1997) Multisource data classification and feature extraction with neural networks. Int J Remote Sens 18:727-740
151. Benediktsson JA, Swain PH, Ersoy OK (1990) Neural network approaches versus statistical methods in classification of multisource remote sensing data. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 28:540-551
152. Benediktsson JA, Swain PH, Ersoy OK (1993) Conjugate-gradient neural networks in classification of multisource and very-high-dimensional remote sensing data. Int J Remote Sens 14:2883-2903
153. Benediktsson JA, Sveinsson JR, Ersoy OK (1997) Parallel consensual neural networks. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 8(1):54-64
154. Bischof H, Schneider W, Pinz AJ (1992) Multispectral classification of Landsat images using neural networks. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 30:482-490
155. Brisco B, Brown RJ (1995) Multidate SAR/TM synergism for crop classification in Western Canada. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 61(8):1009-1014
156. Bruzzone L, Conese C, Maselli F (1997) Multisource classification of complex rural areas by statistical and neural-network approaches. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 63:523-533
157. Canny J (1986) A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 8(6):679-698
158. Carpenter GA, Grossberg S (1987) A massively parallel architecture for a self-organizing neural pattern recognition machine. Comput Vis Graphics Image Process 37:54-115
159. Carpenter GA, Grossberg S (1992) A self-organizing neural network for supervised learning, recognition and prediction. IEEE Commun Mag 30(9):38-49
160. Chen S, Chen C, Chen M (1998) Neural-fuzzy classification for segmentation of remotely sensed images. IEEE Trans Signal Process 45:2639-2654
161. Cromp RF (1991) Automated extraction of metadata from remotely sensed satellite imagery. In: Proceedings, ASPIR_ACSM annual meeting, vol 3. Baltimore, pp 67-77
162. Dai XL, Khorran S (1999) Remotely sensed change detection based on artificial neural networks. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 65(10):1187-1194
163. Dowla FU, Rogers LL (1995) Solving problems in environmental engineering and geosciences with artificial neural networks. Mssachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, 239p
164. Fauzi A, Hussin YA, Weir M (2001) A comparison between neural networks and maximum likelihood remote sensed data classifiers to detect tropical rain logged-over forest in Indonesia. The 22nd Asian conference on remote sensing, Singapore, 5-9 Nov 2001. http://www.crisp.nus. edu.sg/~acrs2001/pdf/016fauzi.pdf
165. Foody GM (1995a) Using prior knowledge in artificial neural network classification with a minimal training set. Int J Remote Sens 16:301-312
166. Foody GM (1995b) Land cover classification using an artificial neural network with ancillary information. Int J Geogr Inf Syst 9:527-542
167. Foody GM, Boyd DS (1996) Fuzzy mapping of tropical land cover from remotely sensed data: the use of an artificial neural network for sub-pixel land cover estimation. Extended abstracts from the 1st international conference on geocomputation, University of Leeds, Leeds, 17-19 Sep 1996. http://www.ashville.demon.co.uk/gc1996/abs034.htm
168. Foody GM, Boyd DS (1999) Detection of partial land cover change associated with the migration of inter-class transitional zones. Int J Remote Sens 20(14):2723-2740
169. Foschi PG, Smith DK (1997) Detecting subpixel woody vegetation in digital imagery using two artificial intelligence approaches. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 63(5):493-500
170. Frizzelle BG, Moody A (2001) Mapping continuous distributions of land cover: a comparison of maximum-likelihood estimation and artificial neural networks. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 67(6):693-705
171. Gong P (1996) Integrated analysis of spatial data from multiple sources: using evidential reasoning and artificial neural network techniques for geological mapping. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 62(5):513-523
172. Gurney K (1997) An introduction to neural networks. UCL Press Limited, London, p 234p
173. Heermann PD, Khazenie N (1992) Classification of multispectral remote sensing data using a back-propagation neural network. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 30:81-88
174. Hornik R, Sejnowski T (1988) Multilayer feedforward networks are universal approximators. Neural Netw 2:359-366
175. Huang K, Mausel PM (1994) Comparing a piecewise linear classifier with Gaussian maximum-likelihood and parallelepiped classifiers in terms of accuracy and speed. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 60(11):1333-1338
176. Irons JR, Markham BL, Nelson RF, Toll DL, Williams DL, Latty RS, Stauffer ML (1985) The effects of spatial resolution on the classification of thematic mapper data. Int J Remote Sens 6(8):1385-1403
177. Jensen JR (1986) Introductory digital image processing: a remote sensing perspective. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, p 379
178. Kanellopoulos I, Wilkinson GG (1997) Strategies and best practice for neural network image classification. Int J Remote Sens 18(4):711-725
179. Key J, Maslanic A, Schweiger AJ (1989) Classification of merged AVHRR and SMMR arctic data with neural networks. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 55:1331-1338
180. Kimes DS, Holben BN, Nickeson JE, Mckee A (1996) Extracting forest age in a Pacific northwest forest from thematic mapper and topographic data. Remote Sens Environ 56:133-140
181. Kimes DS, Nelson RF, Manry MT, Fung AK (1998) Attributes of neural networks for extracting continuous vegetation variables from optical and radar measurements. Int J Remote Sens 19(14):2639-2663
182. Kimes DS, Nelson RF, Salas WA, Skoles DL (1999) Mapping secondary tropical forest and forest age from SPOT HRV data. Int J Remote Sens 20(18):3625-3640
183. Kung SY, Tuar JS (1996) Decision-based neural networks with signal/image classification applications. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 6:170-181
184. Latty RS, Hoffer RM (1981) Computer-based classification accuracy due to the spatial resolution using per-point versus per-field classification techniques. In: Symposium of machine processing of remotely sensed data, West Lafayette, pp 384-392
185. Lee J, Weger RC, Sengupta SK, Welsch RM (1990) A neural network approach to cloud classification. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 28:846-855
186. Lippmann RP (1987) An introduction to computing with neural networks. IEEE ASSP Mag. 3(4):713-715
187. Marceau DJ, Hay GJ (1999) Remote sensing contributions to the scale issue. Can J Remote Sens 25(4):357-366
188. Markham BL, Townshend JRG (1981) Land cover classification accuracy as a function of sensor spatial resolution. In: Proceedings of the fifteenth international symposium on remote sensing of environment, Ann Arbor, pp 1075-1090
189. Maselli F, Conese C, de Filippis T, Romani M (1995) Integration of ancillary data into a maximum likelihood classification with nonparametric priors. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 50:2-11
190. Mather PM (1999) Computer processing of remotely sensed images: an introduction, 2nd edn. Wiley, Chicester, 292 p. ISBN 0-471-98550-3
191. Mausel P, Wu Y, Li Y, Moran EF, Brondizio ES (1993) Spectral identification of successional stages following deforestation in the Amazon. Geocarto Int 8(4):61-71
192. Meyer P, Staenz K, Itten KI (1996) Semi-automated procedures for tree species identification in high spatial resolution data from digitized colour infrared-aerial photography. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 51(1):5-16
193. Moran EF, Brondizio E, Mausel P (1994) Secondary succession: monitoring secondary succession and land-use change in Amazonia. Natl Geogr Res Explor 10(4):458-476
194. Muchoney D, Williamson J (2001) A Gaussian adaptive resonance theory neural net work classification algorithms applied to supervised land cover mapping using multitemporal vegetation index data. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 39(9):1969-1977
195. Olmsted DD (1999a) History and principles of neural networks to 1960. http://www.neurocomputing.org/
196. Olmsted DD (1999b) History and principles of neural networks from 1960 to present. http://www.neurocomputing.org/
197. Paola J, Schowengerdt RA (1995a) A detailed comparison of back-propagation neural networks and maximum-likelihood classifiers for urban land use classification. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 33:981-996
198. Paola J, Schowengerdt RA (1995b) A review and analysis of back-propagation neural networks for classification of remotely-sensed multi-spectral imagery. Int J Remote Sens 16:3033-3058
199. Price KP, Egbert SL, Nellis MD, Lee R, Boyce R (1997) Mapping land cover in a high plains agroecosystem using a multi-date Landsat thematic mapper modeling approach. Trans Kans Acad Sci 100(1/2):21-33
200. Ranson KJ, Sun G (1997) An evaluation of AIRSAR and SIR-C/X-SAR data for estimating northern forest attributes. Remote Sens Environ 59:203-222
201. Ranson KJ, Sun G, Knox RG, Levine ER, Weishampel JF, Fifer ST (1997) Using coupled models and GIS for understanding northern forest ecosystem dynamics, 4th International conference on GIS-Beijing’97, Beijing China, 19-22 Aug
202. Skidmore AK, Turner BJ, Brinkhof W, Knowles E (1997) Performance of a neural network: mapping forests using GIS and remotely sensed data. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 63:501-514
203. Skole DL, Chomentowski WH, Salas WA, Nobre AD (1994) Physical and human dimensions of deforestation in Amazonia. Bioscience 44(5):314-323
204. Tag PM, Bankert RL, Brody LR (2000) An AVHRR multiple cloud-type classification package. J Appl Meteorol 39(2):125-134
205. Tatem AJ, Lewis HG, Atkinson PM (2001) Super-resolution target identification from remotely sensed images using a Hopfield neural network. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 39(4):781-796
206. Tian B, Shaikh MA, Azimi-Sadjadi MR (1999) A study of cloud classification with neural networks using spectral and textural features. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 10(1):138-151
207. Treitz P, Howarth P (2000) Integrating spectral, spatial, and terrain variables for forest ecosystem classification. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 66(3):305-317
208. Zurada JM (1992) Introduction to artificial neural systems. PWS Publishing Company, Boston, pp 163-250. ISBN 0-534-95460-X
209. Bagnold RA (1960) Some aspects of the shape of river meanders. USGS Professional Paper No. 282E. US Government Printing Office, Washington DC
210. Bardecki MJ (1984) What value wetlands? J Soil Water Conserv 39(3):166-169
211. Beschta RI, Platts WS (1986) Morphological features of small streams: significance and function. Water Resour Bull 22(3):369-379
212. Bhowmik NG (1989) Physical impacts of human alterations within river basins: the case study of the Kankakee, Mississippi, and Illinois rivers. In: Hydraulics and the environment, proceedings of the 23 rd congress of the international association for hydraulic research, technical session B: fluvial hydraulics, 21-25 August, Ottawa, pp B139-B146
213. Bhowmik NG, Bonini AP (1981) An historical review of the Kankakee river basin development. Trans 1ll State Acad Sci 74(1-2):203-216
214. Callahan K et al (1992) An inland wetlands commissioner’s guide to site plan review. Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Management, Inland Water Resources Division/Inland Wetland Programs, Hartford
215. Carter V (1986) Overview of the hydrologic concerns related to wetlands in the United States. Can J Bot 64(2):364-374
216. Chang HH (1984) Analysis of river meanders. J Hydraul Eng 110:37-50
217. Cooke JC (1995) Wetland mitigation, volume 3 of 6: Mycorrhizal associations in some Connecticut wetland plants. In: Connecticut Joint Highway Research Advisory Council (JHRAC), Project No. 87-06, Report No. JHR 94-228, Connecticut State Department of Transportation
218. Cowardin LM et al (1979) Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Services Program FWS/OBS-79/31. US Government Printing Office, Washington DC
219. ERDAS, Inc (1995) ERDAS imagine field guide, 3rd edn. ERDAS, Inc, Atlanta
220. ESRI, Inc (1995) Arc/Info, version 7.0.4. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc, Redlands
221. ESRI, Inc (1996) ArcView, version 3.0a. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc, Redlands
222. Garlo AS (1990) Wetland mitigation - case study. In: Proceedings of the second annual new England environmental exposition. 10-12 April, Boston, pp 945-949
223. Gildersleeve RP Jr., Williams DJ, Cooper DJ (1989) Two urban stream construction and wetland restoration/creation projects in Aurora, Colorado. In: Wetlands: concerns and successes symposium. American Water Resources Association, 17-22 September, Tampa, pp 345-353
224. Hack JT (1957) Studies of longitudinal stream profiles in Virginia and Maryland. In: US geological survey professional paper 294-B. Us Government Printing Office, Washington DC
225. Hickin EJ (1974) The development of meanders in natural river-channels. Am J Sci 274:414-442
226. Jurmu MC, Andrle R (1997) Morphology of a wetland stream. Environ Manage 21(6):921-941
227. Keller EA, Melhorn WN (1978) Rhythmic spacing and origin of pools and riffles. Geol Soc Am Bull 89:723-730
228. Kusler JA, Kentula ME (1989) Wetland creation and restoration: the status of the science, vol I and II. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis
229. Langbein WB, Leopold LB (1966) River meanders - theory of minimum variances. In: U.S. geological survey professional paper 422-H physiographic and hydraulic studies of rivers. US Government Printing Office, Washington DC
230. LaPorte County (1996) LaPorte county, Indiana 1996 plat book. Authentic, Inc., LaPorte
231. Lefor MW, Gadwa SN (1995) Wetland mitigation, vol 1 of 6: botany. In: Connecticut Joint Highway Research Advisory Council, project No. 87-06, report No. JHR 95-241. Connecticut State Department of Transportation
232. Lefor MW et al. (1995) Wetland mitigation, vol 5 of 6: Technical summary. In: Connecticut Joint Highway Research Advisory Council (JHRAC), project No. 87-06, report No. JHR 94-226. Connecticut State Department of Transportation
233. Leopold LB (1994) A view of the river. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts
234. Leopold LB, Wolman GM (1960) River meanders. Geol Soc Am Bull 71:769-794
235. Leopold LB et al (1964) Fluvial processes in geomorphology. W.F. Freeman, San Francisco
236. Lowry DJ (1990) Restoration and creation of palustrine wetlands associated with riverine systems of the glaciated northeast. In: Wetland creation and restoration: the status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC, pp 267-280
237. Mangelsdorf J, Scheurmann K, Weiss FH (1990) River morphology: a guide for geoscientisits and engineers. Springer, Berlin
238. Mitsch WJ, Cronk JK (1992) Creation and restoration of wetlands: some design consideration for ecological engineering. In: Lal R, Stewart BA (eds) Advances in soil science, Vol. 17: soil restoration. Springer, New York
239. Mitsch WJ, Gooselink JG (1993) Wetlands. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
240. National Research Council (1992) Restoration of aquatic ecosystems: science, technology, and public policy. Committee on Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems, Water Science and Technology Board, Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources. National Academy Press, Washington, DC
241. O’Neill MP, Abrahams AD (1984) Objective identification of pools and riffles. Water Resour Res 20(7):921-926
242. O’Neill MP, Abrahams AD (1986) Objective identification of meanders and bends. J Hydrol 83(3/4):337-353
243. Parker G (1976) On the cause and characteristic scale of meandering and braiding in rivers. J Fluid Mech 76:459-480
244. Rhoads BL, Miller MV (1990) Impacts of riverine wetlands construction and operation on stream channel stability: conceptual framework for geomorphic assessment. Environ Manage 14(6):799-807
245. Rich PH, Murray TE (1995) Wetland mitigation, vol 4 of 6: wetland mitigation and water quality associated with the central connecticut expressway. Connecticut Joint Highway Research Advisory Council (JHRAC), project No. 87-06, report No. JHR 94-227
246. Richards KS (1976) The morphology of riffle-pool sequences. Earth Surf Processes Landf 1:71-88
247. Richards KS (1978) Channel geometry in the riffle-pool sequence. Geografiska Annaler Ser A Phys Geogr 60A(1-2):23-27
248. Richards KS (1982) River: form and process in alluvial channels. Methuen, New York
249. Riley SJ (1972) A comparison of morphometric measures of bank full. J Hydrol 17(1-2):23-31
250. Schumm SA (1960) The shape of alluvial channels in relation to sediment type. In: US Geological Survey Professional Paper 352-B. US Government Printing Office, Washington DC
251. Schumm SA (1963) Sinuosity of alluvial rivers on the great plains. Geol Soc Am Bull 74:1089-1100
252. State of Indiana (1976) Kankakee river basin, Indiana. Department of Natural Resources, Washington
253. State of Indiana (1990) Water resource availability in the Kankakee river basin, Indiana. Department of Natural Resources Division of Water, Water Resource Assessment 90-3. State of Indiana, Indianapolis
254. Vance HA (1987) Hydrology and hydraulic requirements of successful wetlands. In: Proceedings of the national wetland symposium: wetland hydrology. 16-18 September, Chicago, pp 283-286
255. Wolman MG (1955) The natural channel of Brandywine Creek, Pennsylvania. In: US Geological Survey Professional Paper 271. US Government Printing Office, Washington DC
256. Becker F, Li Z-L (1990) Towards a local split window method over land surfaces. Int J Remote Sens 11:369-393
257. Cihlar J (1996) Identification of contaminated pixels in AVHRR composite images for studies of land biosphere. Remote Sens Environ 56:149-163
258. Czajkowski KP (2002) Using webcasts for earth sciences classroom instruction: Lessons learned, American Geophysical Union’s EOS weekly newsletter, 83:473
259. Czajkowski KP, Mulhern T, Goward SN, Cihlar J, Dubayah RO, Prince SD (1997) Biospheric environmental monitoring at BOREAS with AVHRR observations. J Geophys Res 102:29651-29663
260. Czajkowski KP, Goward SN, Stadler S, Walz A (2000) Thermal remote sensing of near surface environmental variables: application over the Oklahoma Mesonet. The Prof Geogr 52:345-357
261. Czajkowski KP (2002) Using Webcasts for Earth Sciences Classroom Instruction: Lessons Learned, American Geophysical Union’s EOS weekly newsletter, 83, Oct. 15, p. 473
262. DeLaughter JE, Stein S, Stein CA, Bain KB (1998) Preconceptions abound among students in an intrductory earth science course. EOS Trans Am Geophys Union 79: 429 and 432
263. Gehring J (2001) U.S. seen losing edge of education measures. Educ Week 20:29-32
264. Goetz SJ, Haltore RN, Hall FG, Markham BL (1995) Surface temperature retrieval in a temperate grassland with multiresolution sensors. J Geophys Res 25:25397-25410
265. Karl TR, Jones PD, Knight RW, Kukla G, Plummer N, Razuvayev V, Gallo KP, Lindseay J, Charlson RJ, Peterson TC (1993) A new perspective on recent global warming: asymmetric trends of daily maximum and minimum temperature. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 74:1007-1023
266. Prata AJ (1994) Surface temperatures derived from the advanced very high resolution radiometer and the along-track scanning radiometer 2. experimental results and validation of AVHRR algorithms. J Geophys Res 99:13025-13058
267. Prince SD, Goetz SJ, Dubayah R, Czajkowski K, Thawley M (1998) Inference of surface and air temperature, atmospheric precipitable water and vapor pressure deficit using AVHRR satellite observations: validation of algorithms. J Hydrol 213:230-249
268. Schmugge TJ, Schmidt GM (1998) Surface temperature observations from AVHRR in FIFE. J Atmos Sci 55:1239-1246
269. Snyder W, Lynch M, Wan Z (1997) The international land-surface temperature workshop. The Earth Observer, EOS Project Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 9: 10-14
270. Spencer RW, Christy JR (1992) Precision and radiosonde validation of satellite gridpoint temperature anomalies. Part II: a tropospheric retrieval and trends during 1979-1990. J Climate 5:858-866
271. Wentz FJ, Schabel M (1998) Effects of orbital decay on satellite-derived lower-tropospheric temperature trends. Nature 394:661664
272. Al M (1993) Urban morphological changes in Hofuf, Saudi Arabia: impact of western planning ideas in traditional housing. Dissertation, Indiana State University
273. Cochrane MA (2000) Using vegetation reflectance variability for species level classification of hyperspectral data. Int J Remote Sens 21:2075-2087
274. Elvidge CD, Chen Z, Groenveld DP (1993) Detection of trace quantities of green vegetation in 1990 AVIRIS data. Remote Sens Environ 44:271-279
275. Franklin SE, Blodgett CF, Mah S, Wrightson C (1991) Sensitivity of CASI data to anisotropic reflectance, terrain aspect and deciduous forest species. Can J Remote Sens 14:314-321
276. Gao BC, Goetz AFH (1995) Retrieval of equivalent water thickness and information related to bio-chemical components of vegetation canopies from AVIRIS data. Remote Sens Environ 51:155-162
277. Gatrell JG, Jensen RR (2002) Growth through greening: developing and assessing alternative economic development programs. Appl Geogr 22(4):331-350
278. Gong P, Ruiliang P, Miller JR (1992) Correlating leaf area index of ponderosa pine with hyperspectral CASI data. Can J Remote Sens 18:275-282
279. Gong P, Ruiliang P, Miller JR (1995) Coniferous forest leaf area index estimation along the Oregon Transect using Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager data. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 61:1107-1117
280. Jackson MW, Jensen JR (2001) Quantifying environmental change from remotely sensed imagery using a composite ecosystem degradation index. Remote sensing for agriculture, ecosystems, and hydrology. SPIE 4171:214-222
281. Jensen RR (2000a) Measurement, comparison, and use of remotely derived leaf area index (LAI) predictors. Dissertation, University of Florida
282. Jensen JR (2000b) Remote sensing of the environment: an earth resources perspective. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey
283. Jensen RR (2002a) Spatial and temporal leaf area index dynamics in a north central Florida, USA preserve. Geocarto Int 17(4):45-52
284. Jensen RR (2002b) Teaching GIS and remote sensing integration using fire ecology in longleaf pine sandhills. J Geosci Educ 50(3):292-295
285. Jensen RR, Binford MW (2001) Using low-resolution satellite data to quantify terrestrial carbon in tropical areas. Geocarto Int 16(2):17-22
286. Jensen RR, Carson A (2001) Longleaf pine/turkey oak sandhill loss in a north central Florida Preserve, 1972-1997. Southeast Geogr 41:306-311
287. Jensen JR, Cowen D (1999) Remote sensing urban/suburban infrastructure and socio-economic attributes. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 65(5):611-622
288. Jensen RR, Boulton JR, Harper BT (2003) The relationship between urban leaf area and household energy usage in Terre Haute, Indiana, USA. Journal of Arboriculture 29(4): 226-230
289. Jensen R, Gatrell R, Boulton JR, Harper BT (2004) Using remote sensing and geographic information systems to study urban quality of life and urban forest amenities. Ecology & Society 9:5, p 10.
290. Jensen JR, Halls JN, Michel J (1998) A systems approach to Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) mapping for oil spill contingency planning and response. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 64(10):1103-1014
291. Jensen JR, Qiu F, Ji M (2000) Predictive modeling of coniferous forest age using statistical and artificial neural network approaches applied to remote sensor data. Int J Remote Sens 20(14):2805-2822
292. Larson RC, Carnahan WH (1997) The influence of surface characteristics on urban radiant temperatures. Geocarto Int 12:5-16
293. Mausel P, Wu Y, Li Y, Moran E, Brondizio E (1993) Spectral identification of succession stages following deforestation in Amazonia. Geocarto Int 8:11-20
294. Moran E, Brondizio E, Mausel P (1994) Secondary succession. Res Explor 10:459-476
295. Nam K (1996) Impact of service industrial development of Terre Haute on the economy of the Wabash Valley. Thesis, Indiana State University
296. Rudibaugh MA (1995) Gender differences in commuting patterns in Indianapolis, Indiana. Thesis, Indiana State University
297. Treitz PM, Howarth PJ (1999) Hyperspectral remote sensing for estimating biophysical parameters of forest ecosystems. Prog Phys Geogr 23:359-390
298. Yoder BJ, Pettigrew-Crosby RE (1995) Predicting nitrogen and chlorophyll content and concentrations from reflectance spectra (400-2500 nm) at leaf and canopy scales. Remote Sens Environ 53:199-211
299. Abolt RAP (1997) Fire histories of upper elevation forests in the gila wilderness, New Mexico via fire scar and stand age structure analyses. MS thesis, The University of Arizona, Tucson, 120 p
300. Baillie MGL (1982) Tree-ring dating and archaeology. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 274 pp
301. Beecham JJ, Pelton MR (1980) Seasonal foods and feeding ecology of black bears in the Smoky Mountains. In: International conference on bear research and management, vol 4. pp 141-147
302. Chalupka W, Geirtych M, Krolikowski Z (1976) The effect of cone crops in Scots pine on tree diameter increment. Arboretum Kornickie 21:361-366
303. Douglass AE (1929) The secret of the Southwest solved by talkative tree rings. Natl Geogr Mag 56(6):736-770
304. Eis S, Garman EH, Ebell LF (1965) Relation between cone production and diameter increment of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), grand fir (Abies grandis (Dougl.) Lindl.), and western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.). Can J Bot 43:1553-1559
305. Fritts HC (1976) Tree-rings and climate. Academic, London, p 567
306. Gardner JS, Smith DJ, Desloges JR (1983) The dynamic geomorphology of the Mt. Rae area: a high mountain region in southwestern Alberta., University of Waterloo, Department of Geography Publication Series No. 19
307. Garshelis DL (1994) Density-dependent population regulation of black bears. In: Taylor M (ed) Density-dependent population regulation in black, brown, and polar bears. International conference on bear research and management, Monograph Series 3, pp 3-14
308. Grissino-Mayer HD (1996) A 2129-year reconstruction of precipitation for northwestern New Mexico, USA. In: Dean JS, Meko DM, Swetnam TW (eds) Tree rings, environment, and humanity. Radiocarbon 1996, Department of Geosciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, pp 191-204
309. Holmsgaard E (1958) Effect of seed-bearing on the increment of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst). In: Papers of the twelfth congress of the international union of forestry research organizations. vol 3. International Union Forestry Research Organizations, Oxford, pp 158-161
310. Inman RM (1997) Caloric production of black bear foods in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. MS Thesis. The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. 161p
311. Nicholas JV, White DR (1982) Traceable temperatures, DSIR, Bulletin, p 234, 226
312. Nielsen BO (1977) Beech seeds as an ecosystem component. Oikos 29:268-274
313. Nobori Y, Ogata T, Takahashi N (1996) The relationship between El Niño, mast years and tree-ring fluctuations of Fagus crenata. In: Mikami T, Matsumoto E, Ohta S, Sweda T (eds) Paleoclimate and Environmental Variability in Austral-Asian Transect During the Past 2000 Years: Proceedings of the 1995 Nagoya IGBP-PAGES/PEP II Symposium. Nagoya University, Nagoya, pp 205-210
314. Rogers LL (1976) Effects of mast and berry crop failures on survival, growth and reproductive success of black bears. Transactions of the 41st North American Wildlife and Natural Resourres Conference, vol 41. Washington, pp 431-438
315. Schweingruber FH (1996) Tree rings and environment dendroecology. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf. Paul Haupt Verlag, Berne, 609 p
316. Smith DJ, McCarthy DP, Luckman BH (1994) Snow-avalanche impact pools in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Arct Alp Res 26(2):116-127
317. Sork VL, Bramble J, Sexton O (1994) Ecology of mast-fruiting in three species of North American deciduous oaks. Ecology 74(2):528-541
318. Speer JS (1997) A dendrochronological record of pandora moth (Coloradia pandora, Blake) outbreaks in central oregon. MS Thesis. The University of Arizona, Tucson, 159 p
319. Stokes MA, Smiley TL (1968) An introduction to tree-ring dating. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago/London, 73 pp
320. Swetnam TW, Baisan CH (1997) Historical fire regime patterns in the Southwestern United States since AD 1700. In: Allen CD (ed) Fire effects in southwestern forests: Proceedings of the Second La Mesa Fire symposium. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report RM-GTR-286: 11-32
321. Tankersley RD (1996) Black bear habitat in the southeastern United States: a biometric model of habitat conditions in the Southern Appalachians. MS Thesis, Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Dec 1996
322. Van Dersel WR (1940) Utilization of oaks by birds and mammals. J Wildl Manag 4(4):404-428
323. Woodward A, Silsbee DG, Schreiner EG, Means JE (1994) Influence of climate on radial growth and cone production in the subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) and mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana). Can J For Res 24:1133-1143
324. Abelson R (1987) (n/d). Results of experiment on improving the accuracy of self-reported turnout. Based on the 1987 NES Pilot Study. The University of Michigan, National Election Studies Center, Ann Arbor
325. AllPolitics (2000) Glimpses of voter turnout across America. CNN: AllPolitics.com, 7 Nov [http://www.cnn.com]
326. Bierly GD, Harrington JA Jr (1995) A climatology of transition season Colorado cyclones. J Clim 8:853-863
327. Business Wire (2000) Press Release (from The Weather Channel): Election Day Weather: Who Wins When It Rains? The Weather Channel Offers the Election Day National Forecast. 3 Nov
328. Cohn E (1993) Weather and crime. Br J Criminol 30:51-64
329. DeNardo J (1980) Turnout and the vote: the joke’s on the Democrats. Am Pol Sci Rev 74:406-420
330. DeNardo J (1996) Does heavy turnout help Democrats in presidential elections? Am Pol Sci Rev 80:1298-1304
331. Fain J, Dworkin J (1993) Determinants of voter participation: some simulation results. Public Choice 77:823
332. Gagge AP, Burton AC, Bazett HC (1941) A practical system of units for the description of heat exchange of man with his environment. Science 94:428-430
333. Gruenwald J (1994) Rain dampens turnout but GOP see vote share rise. Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report, 23 July, p 2065
334. Harman JR (1991) A synoptic climatology of the westerlies: process and patterns. Association of American Geographers Resource Publication, Washington
335. Katz R (1993) Dynamic cost-loss ratio decision-making model with an autocorrelated climate variable. J Clim 6:151-160
336. Knack S (1992) Social connectedness and voter participation: evidence from the 1991 NES pilot study. The University of Michigan, National Election Studies Center, Ann Arbor
337. Knack S (1994) Does rain help the Republicans? Theory and evidence on turnout and the vote. Public Choice 79:187-209
338. Morton R (1991) Groups in rational turnout models. Am J Pol Sci 35:758-776
339. Nagel J, McNulty J (2000) Partisan effects of voter turnout in presidential elections. Am Politics Q 28:408-429
340. National Election Studies (NES) (2000) The University of Michigan’s National Election Studies Center. [http://www.umich.edu/~nes/]
341. Radcliff B (1994) Turnout and the democratic vote. Am Politics Q 22:259-276
342. Rotton J, Cohn E (2000) Weather, disorderly conduct, and assaults: from social contact to social avoidance. Environ Behav 35:651-684
343. Shields T, Goidel R (2000) Who contributes? Checkbook participation, class biases, and the impact of legal reforms, 1952-1992. Am Politics Q 28:216-234
344. Sluis T (2000) Weather blamed for voter turnout. Durango Herald, 24 Oct
345. Weisberg H, Grofman B (1981) Candidate evaluations and turnout. Am Politics Q 9:197-219
346. Yan Y, Oliver J (1996) The CLO: a utilitarian unit to measure weather/climate comfort. Int J Climatol 16:1045-1056