Imiquimod in cervical, vaginal and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: A review

Gynecologic Oncology

Volumn 139, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 377-384

  De Witte, C J ^a   Van De Sande, A J M ^b   Van Beekhuizen, H J ^b   Koeneman, M M ^c   Kruse, A J ^c   Gerestein, C G ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^b ERASMUS MC CANCER INSTITUTE   (Netherlands)

^c MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^d MEANDER MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cervix uteri; Imiquimod; Intraepithelial neoplasia; Vagina; Vulva

Indexed keywords

IMIQUIMOD; AMINOQUINOLINE DERIVATIVE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT;

BURNING SENSATION; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER PAIN; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; ERYTHEMA; FATIGUE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HEADACHE; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; MYALGIA; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RECURRENT DISEASE; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT DURATION; ULCER; UTERINE CERVIX CARCINOMA IN SITU; VAGINA DISCHARGE; VAGINAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; VULVA CANCER; VULVA PRURITUS; VULVAR INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; CARCINOMA IN SITU; CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS; VAGINAL NEOPLASMS; VIROLOGY; VULVAR NEOPLASMS;

AMINOQUINOLINES; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; CARCINOMA IN SITU; CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; FEMALE; HUMANS; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS; VAGINAL NEOPLASMS; VULVAR NEOPLASMS;

EID: 84952630457     PISSN: 00908258     EISSN: 10956859     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.08.018     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. H. zur Hausen Papillomaviruses in human cancers Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians 111 6 Nov-Dec 1999 581 587
2. M.H. Schiffman, H.M. Bauer, R.N. Hoover, A.G. Glass, D.M. Cadell, B.B. Rush, and et al. Epidemiologic evidence showing that human papillomavirus infection causes most cervical intraepithelial neoplasia J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 85 12 Jun 16 1993 958 964
3. H.P. van de Nieuwenhof, I.A. van der Avoort, and J.A. de Hullu Review of squamous premalignant vulvar lesions Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 68 2 Nov 2008 131 156
4. H. De Vuyst, G.M. Clifford, M.C. Nascimento, M.M. Madeleine, and S. Franceschi Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulva, vagina and anus: a meta-analysis Int. J. Cancer 124 7 Apr 1 2009 1626 1636
5. P.L. Judson, E.B. Habermann, N.N. Baxter, S.B. Durham, and B.A. Virnig Trends in the incidence of invasive and in situ vulvar carcinoma Obstet. Gynecol. 107 5 May 2006 1018 1022
6. E.M. Van Esch, M.J. Welters, E.S. Jordanova, J.B.M. Trimbos, S.H. Van Der Burg, and M.I. Van Poelgeest Treatment failure in patients with HPV 16-induced vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: understanding different clinical responses to immunotherapy Expert Rev. Vaccines 11 7 2012 821 840
7. M. Sideri, R.W. Jones, E.J. Wilkinson, M. Preti, D.S. Heller, J. Scurry, and et al. Squamous vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: 2004 modified terminology, ISSVD Vulvar Oncology Subcommittee J. Reprod. Med. 50 11 Nov 2005 807 810
8. M. van Seters, M. van Beurden, and A.J. de Craen Is the assumed natural history of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia III based on enough evidence? A systematic review of 3322 published patients Gynecol. Oncol. 97 2 May 2005 645 651
9. International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization Globocan Estimated Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide in 2012 2012 (Available at: http://globocan.iarc.fr/old/factsheet.asp. Accessed 01/31, 2014)
10. R.P. Insinga, E.J. Dasbach, and E.H. Elbasha Epidemiologic natural history and clinical management of human papillomavirus (HPV) disease: a critical and systematic review of the literature in the development of an HPV dynamic transmission model BMC Infect. Dis. 2009 07 2009 9
11. H.J. Henk, R.P. Insinga, P.K. Singhal, and T. Darkow Incidence and costs of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in a US commercially insured population J. Low. Genit. Tract Dis. 14 1 Jan 2010 29 36
12. A.G. Ostor Natural history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a critical review Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol. 12 2 Apr 1993 186 192
13. M.R. McCredie, K.J. Sharples, C. Paul, J. Baranyai, G. Medley, R.W. Jones, and et al. Natural history of cervical neoplasia and risk of invasive cancer in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3: a retrospective cohort study Lancet Oncol. 9 5 May 2008 425 434
14. M. Kocken, T.J. Helmerhorst, J. Berkhof, J.A. Louwers, M.A. Nobbenhuis, A.G. Bais, and et al. Risk of recurrent high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia after successful treatment: a long-term multi-cohort study Lancet Oncol. 12 5 May 2011 441 450
15. M. Arbyn, M. Kyrgiou, C. Simoens, A.O. Raifu, G. Koliopoulos, P. Martin-Hirsch, and et al. Perinatal mortality and other severe adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: meta-analysis BMJ 337 Sep 18 2008 a1284
16. M. Kyrgiou, G. Koliopoulos, P. Martin-Hirsch, M. Arbyn, W. Prendiville, and E. Paraskevaidis Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for intraepithelial or early invasive cervical lesions: systematic review and meta-analysis Lancet 367 9509 Feb 11 2006 489 498
17. G. Jin, Z. Lanlan, C. Li, and Z. Dan Pregnancy outcome following loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) a systematic review and meta-analysis Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 11 Jul 2013
18. S.N. Conner, A.G. Cahill, M.G. Tuuli, D.M. Stamilio, A.O. Odibo, K.A. Roehl, and et al. Interval from loop electrosurgical excision procedure to pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes Obstet. Gynecol. 122 6 Dec 2013 1154 1159
19. C.N. Spracklen, K.K. Harland, B.J. Stegmann, and A.F. Saftlas Cervical surgery for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and prolonged time to conception of a live birth: a case-control study BJOG 120 8 Jul 2013 960 965
20. D. Henson, and R. Tarone An epidemiologic study of cancer of the cervix, vagina, and vulva based on the Third National Cancer Survey in the United States Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 129 5 Nov 1 1977 525 532
21. C.C. Gunderson, E.K. Nugent, S.H. Elfrink, M.A. Gold, and K.N. Moore A contemporary analysis of epidemiology and management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 208 5 May 2013 410.e1 410.e6
22. F.H. Sillman, R.G. Fruchter, Y.S. Chen, L. Camilien, A. Sedlis, and E. McTigue Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: risk factors for persistence, recurrence, and invasion and its management Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 176 1 Pt 1 Jan 1997 93 99
23. M. Aho, E. Vesterinen, B. Meyer, E. Purola, and J. Paavonen Natural history of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia Cancer 68 1 Jul 1 1991 195 197
24. M. Schiller, D. Metze, T.A. Luger, S. Grabbe, and M. Gunzer Immune response modifiers - mode of action Exp. Dermatol. 15 5 May 2006 331 341
25. R.B. Skinner Jr. Imiquimod Dermatol. Clin. 21 2 Apr 2003 291 300
26. M.P. Schon, and M. Schon Imiquimod: mode of action Br. J. Dermatol. 157 Suppl. 2 Dec 2007 8 13
27. T.M. Darragh, T.J. Colgan, J.T. Cox, D.S. Heller, M.R. Henry, R.D. Luff, and et al. The Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology Standardization Project for HPV-Associated Lesions: background and consensus recommendations from the College of American Pathologists and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology J. Low. Genit. Tract Dis. 16 3 Jul 2012 205 242
28. C.T. Lin, J.T. Qiu, C.J. Wang, S.D. Chang, Y.H. Tang, P.J. Wu, and et al. Topical imiquimod treatment for human papillomavirus infection in patients with and without cervical/vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia Taiwan. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 51 4 Dec 2012 533 538
29. M. van Seters, M. van Beurden, F.J. ten Kate, I. Beckmann, P.C. Ewing, M.J. Eijkemans, and et al. Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with topical imiquimod N. Engl. J. Med. 358 14 Apr 3 2008 1465 1473
30. O. Mathiesen, S.K. Buus, and M. Cramers Topical imiquimod can reverse vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a randomised, double-blinded study Gynecol. Oncol. 107 2 Nov 2007 219 222
31. A. Frega, F. Sesti, F. Sopracordevole, A. Biamonti, P. Scirpa, G.N. Milazzo, and et al. Imiquimod 5% cream versus cold knife excision for treatment of VIN 2/3: a five-year follow-up Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 17 7 Apr 2013 936 940
32. C. Westermann, A. Fischer, and A. Clad Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with topical 5% imiquimod cream Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 120 3 Mar 2013 266 270
33. J.J. Wallbillich, H.E. Rhodes, A.M. Milbourne, M.F. Munsell, M. Frumovitz, J. Brown, and et al. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN 2/3): comparing clinical outcomes and evaluating risk factors for recurrence Gynecol. Oncol. 127 2 Nov 2012 312 315
34. S. Daayana, E. Elkord, U. Winters, M. Pawlita, R. Roden, P.L. Stern, and et al. Phase II trial of imiquimod and HPV therapeutic vaccination in patients with vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Br. J. Cancer 102 7 Mar 30 2010 1129 1136
35. U. Winters, S. Daayana, J.T. Lear, A.E. Tomlinson, E. Elkord, P.L. Stern, and et al. Clinical and immunologic results of a phase II trial of sequential imiquimod and photodynamic therapy for vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Clin. Cancer Res. 14 16 Aug 15 2008 5292 5299
36. I. Bruchim, W.H. Gotlieb, S. Mahmud, E. Tunitsky, K. Grzywacz, and A. Ferenczy HPV-related vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: outcome of different management modalities Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 99 1 Oct 2007 23 27
37. T. Le, C. Menard, W. Hicks-Boucher, L. Hopkins, J. Weberpals, and M. Fung-Kee-Fung Final results of a phase 2 study using continuous 5% imiquimod cream application in the primary treatment of high-grade vulva intraepithelial neoplasia Gynecol. Oncol. 106 3 Sep 2007 579 584
38. T. Le, W. Hicks, C. Menard, L. Hopkins, and M.F. Fung Preliminary results of 5% imiquimod cream in the primary treatment of vulva intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 194 2 Feb 2006 377 380
39. J. Wendling, P. Saiag, S. Berville-Levy, I. Bourgault-Villada, T. Clerici, and M. Moyal-Barracco Treatment of undifferentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with 5% imiquimod cream: a prospective study of 12 cases Arch. Dermatol. 140 10 Oct 2004 1220 1224
40. C. Marchitelli, G. Secco, M. Perrotta, L. Lugones, R. Pesce, and R. Testa Treatment of bowenoid and basaloid vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 with imiquimod 5% cream J. Reprod. Med. 49 11 Nov 2004 876 882
41. R.W. Todd, I.J. Etherington, and D.M. Luesley The effects of 5% imiquimod cream on high-grade vulval intraepithelial neoplasia Gynecol. Oncol. 85 1 Apr 2002 67 70
42. M. Van Seters, G. Fons, and M. Van Beurden Imiquimod in the treatment of multifocal vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3: results of a pilot study J. Reprod. Med. Obstet. Gynecol. 47 9 2002 701 705 (2002/09)
43. C.J. Jayne, and R.H. Kaufman Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 with imiquimod J. Reprod. Med. 47 5 May 2002 395 398
44. A. Terlou, M. van Seters, P.C. Ewing, N.K. Aaronson, C.M. Gundy, C. Heijmans-Antonissen, and et al. Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with topical imiquimod: seven years median follow-up of a randomized clinical trial Gynecol. Oncol. 121 1 Apr 2011 157 162
45. C. Grimm, S. Polterauer, C. Natter, J. Rahhal, L. Hefler, C.B. Tempfer, and et al. Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with topical imiquimod: a randomized controlled trial Obstet. Gynecol. 120 1 Jul 2012 152 159
46. D.R. Pachman, D.L. Barton, A.C. Clayton, R.M. McGovern, J.A. Jefferies, P.J. Novotny, and et al. Randomized clinical trial of imiquimod: an adjunct to treating cervical dysplasia Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 206 1 Jan 2012 42.e1 42.e7
47. H.W. Buck, and K.J. Guth Treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (primarily low grade) with imiquimod 5% cream J. Low. Genit. Tract Dis. 7 4 Oct 2003 290 293
48. D. Haidopoulos, E. Diakomanolis, A. Rodolakis, Z. Voulgaris, G. Vlachos, and A. Intsaklis Can local application of imiquimod cream be an alternative mode of therapy for patients with high-grade intraepithelial lesions of the vagina? Int. J. Gynecol. Cancer 15 5 Sep-Oct 2005 898 902
49. A. Terlou, A. Kleinjan, I. Beckmann, C. Heijmans-Antonissen, M. van Seters, L.A. Santegoets, and et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs do not interfere with imiquimod treatment for usual type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia Int. J. Cancer 128 10 May 15 2011 2463 2469