메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue , 2008, Pages 53-81

Forests as Protection from Natural Hazards

Author keywords

Artificial constructions; Forest protection; Lowland areas; Natural hazards; Snow layers

Indexed keywords

HAZARDS;

EID: 84948778315     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470757079.ch3     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (70)

References (97)
  • 2
    • 0005193516 scopus 로고
    • Der gemeinwirtschaftliche Wert von Schutzwäldern. [The socioeconomic value of protection forests.]
    • Altwegg, D. (1991) Der gemeinwirtschaftliche Wert von Schutzwäldern. [The socioeconomic value of protection forests.] Österreichische Forstzeitung 102, 22-3.
    • (1991) Österreichische Forstzeitung , vol.102 , pp. 22-23
    • Altwegg, D.1
  • 3
    • 0024875910 scopus 로고
    • Influence of two site preparation treatments on ecophysiology of planted Picea engelmannii ¥ glauca seedlings
    • Bassman, J.H. (1989) Influence of two site preparation treatments on ecophysiology of planted Picea engelmannii ¥ glauca seedlings. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, 1359-70.
    • (1989) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.19 , pp. 1359-1370
    • Bassman, J.H.1
  • 5
    • 85005288851 scopus 로고
    • Der schwarze Schneeschimmel der Koniferen (Herpotrichia juniperi (Duby) Petak und Herpotrichia coulteri (Peck) Bose). [Black snow mould of coniferous trees (Herpotrichia juniperi (Duby) Petak and Herpotrichia coulteri (Peck) Bose).]
    • Bazzigher, G. (1976) Der schwarze Schneeschimmel der Koniferen (Herpotrichia juniperi (Duby) Petak und Herpotrichia coulteri (Peck) Bose). [Black snow mould of coniferous trees (Herpotrichia juniperi (Duby) Petak and Herpotrichia coulteri (Peck) Bose).] European Journal of Forest Pathology 6, 109-22.
    • (1976) European Journal of Forest Pathology , vol.6 , pp. 109-122
    • Bazzigher, G.1
  • 6
    • 33745515549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appreciation of snow avalanches potentialities under forest canopy
    • Wybo, J.L., Therrien, M.C., Guarnieri, F., eds., (TIMEC), Montréal, TIEMES/Ecole des Mines de Paris, Paris.
    • Berger, F. (1996) Appreciation of snow avalanches potentialities under forest canopy. In: Wybo, J.L., Therrien, M.C., Guarnieri, F., eds. The International Emergency Management and Engineering Conference 1996 (TIMEC), Montréal, pp. 221-230. TIEMES/Ecole des Mines de Paris, Paris.
    • (1996) The International Emergency Management and Engineering Conference 1996 , pp. 221-230
    • Berger, F.1
  • 7
    • 0031695323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree windbreaks and shelter benefits to pasture in temperate grazing systems
    • Bird, P.R. (1998) Tree windbreaks and shelter benefits to pasture in temperate grazing systems. Agroforestry Systems 41, 35-54.
    • (1998) Agroforestry Systems , vol.41 , pp. 35-54
    • Bird, P.R.1
  • 8
    • 84948762689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economics of shelter provision on farms
    • Palmer, H., Gardiner, B., Hislop, H., Sibbald, A. & Duncan, A., eds., Forestry Commission Technical Paper No. 21, Forestry Commission, Edinburgh.
    • Blyth, J. (1997) The economics of shelter provision on farms. In: Palmer, H., Gardiner, B., Hislop, H., Sibbald, A. & Duncan, A., eds. Trees for Shelter. Forestry Commission Technical Paper No. 21 pp. 40-5. Forestry Commission, Edinburgh.
    • (1997) Trees for Shelter. , pp. 40-45
    • Blyth, J.1
  • 9
    • 0347881509 scopus 로고
    • University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension Bulletin EC-91-1763-B. Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
    • Brandle, J.R. & Finch, S. (1991) How Windbreaks Work. University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension Bulletin EC-91-1763-B. Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
    • (1991) How Windbreaks Work
    • Brandle, J.R.1    Finch, S.2
  • 10
    • 84948772001 scopus 로고
    • Windbreak technology:Proceedings of an International Symposium on Windbreak Technology
    • Brandle, J.R. & Hintz, D.L. (1988) Windbreak technology:Proceedings of an International Symposium on Windbreak Technology. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 22/23, 598.
    • (1988) Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment , vol.22 , Issue.23 , pp. 598
    • Brandle, J.R.1    Hintz, D.L.2
  • 11
    • 0013605618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Ansamungsökologie der Fichte im zwischenalpinen Gebirgswald [Experimental studies on seedling ecology of Norway spruce in the intermediate alpine mountain forest]. Dissertation, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich
    • Brang, P. (1996) Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Ansamungsökologie der Fichte im zwischenalpinen Gebirgswald [Experimental studies on seedling ecology of Norway spruce in the intermediate alpine mountain forest]. Dissertation, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich. Beiheft, Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen 77.
    • (1996) Beiheft, Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen , pp. 77
    • Brang, P.1
  • 13
    • 0031850137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early seedling establishment of Picea abies in small forest gaps in the Swiss Alps
    • Brang, P. (1998) Early seedling establishment of Picea abies in small forest gaps in the Swiss Alps. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 28, 626-39.
    • (1998) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.28 , pp. 626-639
    • Brang, P.1
  • 15
    • 0012946243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative estimates of coarse woody debris and standing dead trees in selected Swiss forests
    • Bretz Guby, N.A. & Dobbertin, M. (1996) Quantitative estimates of coarse woody debris and standing dead trees in selected Swiss forests. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 5, 327-41.
    • (1996) Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters , vol.5 , pp. 327-341
    • Bretz Guby, N.A.1    Dobbertin, M.2
  • 16
    • 0022905662 scopus 로고
    • Man's impact on the evolution of the physical environment in the mediterranean regions in historical times
    • Brückner, G. (1986) Man's impact on the evolution of the physical environment in the mediterranean regions in historical times. Geojournal 13, 1-17.
    • (1986) Geojournal , vol.13 , pp. 1-17
    • Brückner, G.1
  • 18
  • 19
    • 2642523665 scopus 로고
    • Forêt et protection contre les chutes de rochers. [Forest and protection against rockfall.]
    • Cattiau, V., Mari, E. & Renaud, J-P. (1995) Forêt et protection contre les chutes de rochers. [Forest and protection against rockfall.] Ingénieries: Eau-Agriculture-Territoires 1, 45-54.
    • (1995) Ingénieries: Eau-Agriculture-Territoires , vol.1 , pp. 45-54
    • Cattiau, V.1    Mari, E.2    Renaud, J.-P.3
  • 20
    • 33745550213 scopus 로고
    • Comparing the health condition of natural spruce forests and spruce plantations in the territory of the Czech Socialist Republic
    • Klimo, E., ed., Institute of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture, Brno, Czechoslovakia.
    • Cerny, A. (1980) Comparing the health condition of natural spruce forests and spruce plantations in the territory of the Czech Socialist Republic. In: Klimo, E., ed. Stability of Spruce Forest Ecosystems. University of Agriculture, Brno, International Symposium, October 29-November 2, 1979, pp. 339-342. Institute of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture, Brno, Czechoslovakia.
    • (1980) Stability of Spruce Forest Ecosystems. University of Agriculture, Brno, International Symposium, October 29-November 2, 1979 , pp. 339-342
    • Cerny, A.1
  • 22
    • 0028824581 scopus 로고
    • Growingseason microclimate gradients from clearcut edges into old-growth Douglas-fir forests
    • Chen, J.M., Franklin, J.F. & Spies, T.A. (1995) Growingseason microclimate gradients from clearcut edges into old-growth Douglas-fir forests. Ecological Applications 5, 74-86.
    • (1995) Ecological Applications , vol.5 , pp. 74-86
    • Chen, J.M.1    Franklin, J.F.2    Spies, T.A.3
  • 23
    • 33748461515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shelter trees for energy conservation
    • Palmer, H., Gardiner, B., Hislop, H., Sibbald, A. & Duncan, A., eds., Forestry Commission Technical Paper No 21. Forestry Commission, Edinburgh.
    • Clarke, D. (1997) Shelter trees for energy conservation. In: Palmer, H., Gardiner, B., Hislop, H., Sibbald, A. & Duncan, A., eds. Trees for Shelter. Forestry Commission Technical Paper No 21. Forestry Commission, Edinburgh.
    • (1997) Trees for Shelter
    • Clarke, D.1
  • 24
    • 0025956610 scopus 로고
    • Conifer-seedling success and microclimate at different levels of herb and shrub cover in a Rhododendron-Vaccinium-Menziesia community of south central British Columbia
    • Coates, K.D., Emmingham, W.H. & Radosevich, S.R. (1991) Conifer-seedling success and microclimate at different levels of herb and shrub cover in a Rhododendron-Vaccinium-Menziesia community of south central British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, 858-66.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.21 , pp. 858-866
    • Coates, K.D.1    Emmingham, W.H.2    Radosevich, S.R.3
  • 26
    • 0003627024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAO, Rome.
    • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (1997) State of the World's Forests. FAO, Rome.
    • (1997) State of the World's Forests
  • 27
    • 84948836144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • French National Forest Inventory, Nogent sur Vemisson, France.
    • French National Forest Inventory (1998) Expanding Forests. French National Forest Inventory, Nogent sur Vemisson, France.
    • (1998) Expanding Forests.
  • 28
    • 1842310762 scopus 로고
    • Typology and principles of ecological stability and instability
    • Gigon, A. (1983) Typology and principles of ecological stability and instability. Mountain Research and Development 3, 98-102.
    • (1983) Mountain Research and Development , vol.3 , pp. 98-102
    • Gigon, A.1
  • 29
    • 4243350352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stabilitätskonzepte in der Ökologie: Typologie und Checkliste für die Anwendung. [Stability concepts in ecology: typology and a check list for practical use.]
    • Fränzle, O., Müller, F. & Schröder, W., eds., Ecomed, Landsberg.
    • Gigon, A. & Grimm, V. (1997) Stabilitätskonzepte in der Ökologie: Typologie und Checkliste für die Anwendung. [Stability concepts in ecology: typology and a check list for practical use.] In: Fränzle, O., Müller, F. & Schröder, W., eds. Handbuch der Umweltwissenschaften. [Handbook of environmental sciences.], 19 pp. Ecomed, Landsberg.
    • (1997) Handbuch der Umweltwissenschaften. [Handbook of environmental sciences.] , pp. 19
    • Gigon, A.1    Grimm, V.2
  • 30
    • 0029536152 scopus 로고
    • The role of shelterbelts in protecting livestock: a review
    • Gregory, N.G. (1995) The role of shelterbelts in protecting livestock: a review. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 38, 423-50.
    • (1995) New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research , vol.38 , pp. 423-450
    • Gregory, N.G.1
  • 31
    • 0028172771 scopus 로고
    • What is ecosystem management?
    • Grumbine, R.E. (1994) What is ecosystem management? Conservation Biology 8, 27-38.
    • (1994) Conservation Biology , vol.8 , pp. 27-38
    • Grumbine, R.E.1
  • 32
    • 0042288973 scopus 로고
    • Steinschlagschutzwald: Ein Beitrag zur Abgrenzung, Beurteilung und Bewirtschaftung. [Forest protecting against rockfall: a contribution to delineation, decision finding and management.]
    • Gsteiger, P. (1993) Steinschlagschutzwald: Ein Beitrag zur Abgrenzung, Beurteilung und Bewirtschaftung. [Forest protecting against rockfall: a contribution to delineation, decision finding and management.] Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen 144, 115-32.
    • (1993) Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen , vol.144 , pp. 115-132
    • Gsteiger, P.1
  • 33
    • 0027091535 scopus 로고
    • The protective role of mountain forests
    • Hamilton, L.S. (1992) The protective role of mountain forests. Geojournal 27, 13-22.
    • (1992) Geojournal , vol.27 , pp. 13-22
    • Hamilton, L.S.1
  • 34
    • 0038705901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Montane forests and forestry
    • Messerli, B. & Ives, J. D., eds., The Parthenon Publishing Group, New York.
    • Hamilton, L.S., Gilmour, D.A. & Cassells, D.S. (1997) Montane forests and forestry. In: Messerli, B. & Ives, J. D., eds. Mountains of the World: A Global Priority, pp. 281-311. The Parthenon Publishing Group, New York.
    • (1997) Mountains of the World: A Global Priority , pp. 281-311
    • Hamilton, L.S.1    Gilmour, D.A.2    Cassells, D.S.3
  • 36
    • 0000390626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk and disasters in mountain lands
    • Messerli, B. & Ives, J.D., eds., The Parthenon Publishing Group, New York.
    • Hewitt, K. (1997) Risk and disasters in mountain lands. In: Messerli, B. & Ives, J.D., eds. Mountains of the World: A Global Priority, pp. 371-408. The Parthenon Publishing Group, New York.
    • (1997) Mountains of the World: A Global Priority , pp. 371-408
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 38
    • 0000672695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surprise for science, resilience for ecosystems, and incentives for people
    • Holling, C.S. (1996) Surprise for science, resilience for ecosystems, and incentives for people. Ecological Applications 6, 733-5.
    • (1996) Ecological Applications , vol.6 , pp. 733-735
    • Holling, C.S.1
  • 39
    • 0005161349 scopus 로고
    • Verjüngungsökologische Untersuchungen in einem hochstaudenreichen subalpinen Fichtenwald, mit spezieller Berücksichtigung der Schneeablagerung und der Lawinenbildung. [Studies on regeneration ecology in a subalpine Norway spruce forest rich of tall herbs, with particular emphasis on snow ablation and avalanche formation.]
    • no. 42. Davos.
    • Imbeck, H. & Ott, E. (1987) Verjüngungsökologische Untersuchungen in einem hochstaudenreichen subalpinen Fichtenwald, mit spezieller Berücksichtigung der Schneeablagerung und der Lawinenbildung. [Studies on regeneration ecology in a subalpine Norway spruce forest rich of tall herbs, with particular emphasis on snow ablation and avalanche formation.] Mitteilungen, Eidgenössisches Institut für Schnee- und Lawinenforschung no. 42. Davos.
    • (1987) Mitteilungen, Eidgenössisches Institut für Schnee- und Lawinenforschung
    • Imbeck, H.1    Ott, E.2
  • 40
    • 33745529066 scopus 로고
    • Verteilung und Struktur der Schneedecke unter Waldbäumen und im Hochwald [Distribution and structure of the snowpack under trees and in high forest]
    • Swiss Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research, Davos.
    • In der Gand, H. (1978) Verteilung und Struktur der Schneedecke unter Waldbäumen und im Hochwald [Distribution and structure of the snowpack under trees and in high forest]. In: Mountain Forests and Avalanches. IUFRO Working Party Snow and Avalanches. Proceedings of the Davos Seminar September 1978, pp. 97-122. Swiss Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research, Davos.
    • (1978) Mountain Forests and Avalanches. IUFRO Working Party Snow and Avalanches. Proceedings of the Davos Seminar September 1978 , pp. 97-122
    • In der Gand, H.1
  • 41
    • 84935287315 scopus 로고
    • The mountain malaise: quest for an integrated development
    • Singh, T.V., Kaur, J., Ives, J.D. & Messerli, B., eds., Himalayan Books, Delhi.
    • Ives, J.D. (1985) The mountain malaise: quest for an integrated development. In: Singh, T.V., Kaur, J., Ives, J.D. & Messerli, B., eds. Integrated Mountain Development, pp. 33-45. Himalayan Books, Delhi.
    • (1985) Integrated Mountain Development , pp. 33-45
    • Ives, J.D.1
  • 42
    • 0023495153 scopus 로고
    • The relative importance of snow avalanche disturbance and thinning on canopy plant populations
    • Johnson, E.A. (1987) The relative importance of snow avalanche disturbance and thinning on canopy plant populations. Ecology 68, 43-53.
    • (1987) Ecology , vol.68 , pp. 43-53
    • Johnson, E.A.1
  • 43
    • 0030422398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A wind tunnel study of turbulent flow around single and multiple windbreaks, Part I: Velocity fields
    • Judd, M.J., Ranpach, M.R. & Finnigan, J.J. (1996) A wind tunnel study of turbulent flow around single and multiple windbreaks, Part I: Velocity fields. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 80, 127-65.
    • (1996) Boundary-Layer Meteorology , vol.80 , pp. 127-165
    • Judd, M.J.1    Ranpach, M.R.2    Finnigan, J.J.3
  • 45
    • 84948836146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Episodic erosion of the Idaho Batholith inferred from measurements over 10-year and 10000-year timescales
    • American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, December 1998.
    • Kirchner, J.W., Finkel, R.C., Riebe, C.S., Granger, D.E., Clayton, J.L. & Megahan, W.F. (1998) Episodic erosion of the Idaho Batholith inferred from measurements over 10-year and 10000-year timescales. In: EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 79, F338. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, December 1998.
    • (1998) EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 79, F338
    • Kirchner, J.W.1    Finkel, R.C.2    Riebe, C.S.3    Granger, D.E.4    Clayton, J.L.5    Megahan, W.F.6
  • 46
    • 0021560831 scopus 로고
    • Regeneration and coexistence of two Abies species dominating subalpine forests in central Japan
    • Kohyama, T. (1984) Regeneration and coexistence of two Abies species dominating subalpine forests in central Japan. Oecologia 62, 156-61.
    • (1984) Oecologia , vol.62 , pp. 156-161
    • Kohyama, T.1
  • 49
    • 0024159378 scopus 로고
    • Benefits of windbreaks to field and forage crops
    • Kort, J. (1988) Benefits of windbreaks to field and forage crops. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 22-23, 165-90.
    • (1988) Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment , vol.22-23 , pp. 165-190
    • Kort, J.1
  • 50
    • 84948738754 scopus 로고
    • Schutzwaldphasenkartierung aus Luftbildern. [Classification of states in protection forests using remote sensing.]
    • Kusché, W., Schneider, W. & Mansberger, R. (1994) Schutzwaldphasenkartierung aus Luftbildern. [Classification of states in protection forests using remote sensing.] Centralblatt für das Gesamte Forstwesen 111, 23-55.
    • (1994) Centralblatt für das Gesamte Forstwesen , vol.111 , pp. 23-55
    • Kusché, W.1    Schneider, W.2    Mansberger, R.3
  • 51
    • 0005192848 scopus 로고
    • Eine Checkliste für Waldstabilität im Gebirgswald. [A check list for forest stability in mountain forests.]
    • Langenegger, H. (1979) Eine Checkliste für Waldstabilität im Gebirgswald. [A check list for forest stability in mountain forests.] Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen 130, 640-6.
    • (1979) Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen , vol.130 , pp. 640-646
    • Langenegger, H.1
  • 53
    • 84948836148 scopus 로고
    • Schweizerisches Landesforstinventar: Ergebnisse der Erstaufnahme 1982-86. [Swiss Forest Inventory:results of the first inventory 1982-86.]
    • no. 305. Birmensdorf.
    • Mahrer, F., Bachofen, H., Brändli, U.-B. et al. (1988) Schweizerisches Landesforstinventar: Ergebnisse der Erstaufnahme 1982-86. [Swiss Forest Inventory:results of the first inventory 1982-86.] Berichte, Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft no. 305. Birmensdorf.
    • (1988) Berichte, Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft
    • Mahrer, F.1    Bachofen, H.2    Brändli, U.-B.3
  • 56
    • 0028983875 scopus 로고
    • Thirty years of seed production in a subalpine Norway spruce forest: patterns of temporal and spatial variation
    • Mencuccini, M., Piussi, P. & Zanzi Sulli, A. (1995) Thirty years of seed production in a subalpine Norway spruce forest: patterns of temporal and spatial variation. Forest Ecology and Management 76, 109-25.
    • (1995) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.76 , pp. 109-125
    • Mencuccini, M.1    Piussi, P.2    Zanzi Sulli, A.3
  • 59
    • 51249190169 scopus 로고
    • Die Waldpflege im subalpinen Fichtenwald am Beispiel von Pokljuka. [Management of subalpine Norway spruce forests using the example of Pokljuka.]
    • Mlinsek, D. (1975) Die Waldpflege im subalpinen Fichtenwald am Beispiel von Pokljuka. [Management of subalpine Norway spruce forests using the example of Pokljuka.] Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt 94, 202-9.
    • (1975) Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt , vol.94 , pp. 202-209
    • Mlinsek, D.1
  • 60
    • 51249177111 scopus 로고
    • Die Verjüngung gemischter Bergwälder-Praktische Konsequenzen aus zehnjähriger Untersuchungsarbeit. [Regeneration of mixed mountain forests-practical consequences from ten years investigation.]
    • Mosandl, R. & El Kateb, H. (1988) Die Verjüngung gemischter Bergwälder-Praktische Konsequenzen aus zehnjähriger Untersuchungsarbeit. [Regeneration of mixed mountain forests-practical consequences from ten years investigation.] Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt 107, 2-13.
    • (1988) Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt , vol.107 , pp. 2-13
    • Mosandl, R.1    El Kateb, H.2
  • 61
    • 33745582303 scopus 로고
    • Technisch-biologische Verfahren zur Schutzwaldsanierung in den oberbayerischen Kalkalpen. [Technical and biological procedures to restore protection forests in the upper Bavarian limestone Alps.]
    • no. 145. Forstwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Universitat München und Bayerische für Wald und Forstwirtschaft, Freising, Germany.
    • Mössmer, E.-M., Ammer, U. & Knoke, T. (1994) Technisch-biologische Verfahren zur Schutzwaldsanierung in den oberbayerischen Kalkalpen. [Technical and biological procedures to restore protection forests in the upper Bavarian limestone Alps.] Forstliche Forschungsberichte München no. 145. Forstwissenschaftliche Fakultät der Universitat München und Bayerische für Wald und Forstwirtschaft, Freising, Germany.
    • (1994) Forstliche Forschungsberichte München
    • Mössmer, E.-M.1    Ammer, U.2    Knoke, T.3
  • 62
    • 12844282607 scopus 로고
    • On the most favourable shelterbelt spacing
    • Nageli, W. (1964) On the most favourable shelterbelt spacing. Scottish Forestry 18, 4-15.
    • (1964) Scottish Forestry , vol.18 , pp. 4-15
    • Nageli, W.1
  • 63
    • 0031669521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of shelter on temperate crops:a review to define research for Australian conditions
    • Nuberg, I.K. (1998) Effect of shelter on temperate crops:a review to define research for Australian conditions. Agroforestry Systems 41, 3-34.
    • (1998) Agroforestry Systems , vol.41 , pp. 3-34
    • Nuberg, I.K.1
  • 64
    • 33745531112 scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of the fence effects of protection forest on the interception of shallow mass movement
    • Omura, H. & Marumo, Y. (1988) An experimental study of the fence effects of protection forest on the interception of shallow mass movement. Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundesversuchsanstalt Mariabrunn/Wien 159, 139-47.
    • (1988) Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundesversuchsanstalt Mariabrunn/Wien , vol.159 , pp. 139-147
    • Omura, H.1    Marumo, Y.2
  • 65
    • 0000042385 scopus 로고
    • Verjüngungsökologische Besonderheiten im Gebirgsfichtenwald im Vergleich zur Bergwaldstufe. [Ecological comparison with respect to regeneration between subalpine and montane Norway spruce forests.]
    • Ott, E., Lüscher, F., Frehner, M. & Brang, P. (1991) Verjüngungsökologische Besonderheiten im Gebirgsfichtenwald im Vergleich zur Bergwaldstufe. [Ecological comparison with respect to regeneration between subalpine and montane Norway spruce forests.] Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen 142, 879-904.
    • (1991) Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen , vol.142 , pp. 879-904
    • Ott, E.1    Lüscher, F.2    Frehner, M.3    Brang, P.4
  • 68
    • 0001037361 scopus 로고
    • Stability of coniferous tree stems in relation to damage by snow
    • Petty, J.A. & Worrell, R. (1981) Stability of coniferous tree stems in relation to damage by snow. Forestry 54, 115-27.
    • (1981) Forestry , vol.54 , pp. 115-127
    • Petty, J.A.1    Worrell, R.2
  • 69
    • 33745561970 scopus 로고
    • Der Bergwald in Bayern als Problemfeld der Forstpolitik. [Mountain forests in Bavaria as an issue in forest policy.]
    • Plochmann, R. (1985) Der Bergwald in Bayern als Problemfeld der Forstpolitik. [Mountain forests in Bavaria as an issue in forest policy.] Allgemeine Forst- und Jagdzeitung 156, 138-42.
    • (1985) Allgemeine Forst- und Jagdzeitung , vol.156 , pp. 138-142
    • Plochmann, R.1
  • 70
    • 0027046926 scopus 로고
    • Effets du scarifiage sur les propriétés du sol, la croissance des semis et la compétition:revue des connaissances actuelles et perspectives de recherches au Québec. [Effects of scarification on soil properties, seedling growth and competition: review of the state of knowledge and research perspectives in Quebec.]
    • Prévost, M. (1992) Effets du scarifiage sur les propriétés du sol, la croissance des semis et la compétition:revue des connaissances actuelles et perspectives de recherches au Québec. [Effects of scarification on soil properties, seedling growth and competition: review of the state of knowledge and research perspectives in Quebec.] Annales Des Sciences Forestières 49, 277-96.
    • (1992) Annales Des Sciences Forestières , vol.49 , pp. 277-296
    • Prévost, M.1
  • 72
    • 0005113064 scopus 로고
    • Stabilité et fonction de protection des forêts de montagne dans les Alpes du Nord: L'exemple de la forêt domaniale de Rioupéroux (Isère). 2e partie. Analyse des structures et diagnostic sylvicoles dans une forêt à fonction de protection: Modes de gestion et stabilité. [Stability and protective function of mountain forests in the northern Alps: example of the Riouperoux (Isère) state forest: Part 2. Structural analysis and silvicultural diagnosis of a forest in terms of protection: modes of management and stability.]
    • Renaud, J.-P., Rupé, C. & Leclerc, D. (1994) Stabilité et fonction de protection des forêts de montagne dans les Alpes du Nord: L'exemple de la forêt domaniale de Rioupéroux (Isère). 2e partie. Analyse des structures et diagnostic sylvicoles dans une forêt à fonction de protection: Modes de gestion et stabilité. [Stability and protective function of mountain forests in the northern Alps: example of the Riouperoux (Isère) state forest: Part 2. Structural analysis and silvicultural diagnosis of a forest in terms of protection: modes of management and stability.] Revue Forestière Française 46, 655-69.
    • (1994) Revue Forestière Française , vol.46 , pp. 655-669
    • Renaud, J.-P.1    Rupé, C.2    Leclerc, D.3
  • 73
    • 2542501311 scopus 로고
    • Waldbauliche Konsequenzen aus Schneebruchkatastrophen. [Silvicultural consequences of catastrophic snow break events.]
    • Rottmann, M. (1985) Waldbauliche Konsequenzen aus Schneebruchkatastrophen. [Silvicultural consequences of catastrophic snow break events.] Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen 136, 167-84.
    • (1985) Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen , vol.136 , pp. 167-184
    • Rottmann, M.1
  • 74
    • 84948773245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waldfläche wächst weiter-Tendenz zu mehr Laubholz. [Forest area still increasing-trend to more deciduous trees.]
    • Russ, W. (1997) Waldfläche wächst weiter-Tendenz zu mehr Laubholz. [Forest area still increasing-trend to more deciduous trees.] Österreichische Forstzeitung, Beilage 108, 4-6.
    • (1997) Österreichische Forstzeitung, Beilage , vol.108 , pp. 4-6
    • Russ, W.1
  • 75
    • 0000123271 scopus 로고
    • Waldschutz, Naturgefahren und Waldnutzung in der mittelalterlichen Innerschweiz. [Forest protection, natural hazards and forest use in medieval central Switzerland.]
    • Sablonier, R. (1995) Waldschutz, Naturgefahren und Waldnutzung in der mittelalterlichen Innerschweiz. [Forest protection, natural hazards and forest use in medieval central Switzerland.] Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen 146, 581-96.
    • (1995) Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen , vol.146 , pp. 581-596
    • Sablonier, R.1
  • 76
    • 0001481699 scopus 로고
    • Silviculture in windy climates
    • Savill, P.S. (1983) Silviculture in windy climates. Forestry Abstracts 44, 473-88.
    • (1983) Forestry Abstracts , vol.44 , pp. 473-488
    • Savill, P.S.1
  • 77
    • 0003542865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecosystem-based management of natural resources: a step towards sustainable development
    • no. 6. International Union of Forest Research Organizations, Vienna.
    • Schlaepfer, R. (1997) Ecosystem-based management of natural resources: a step towards sustainable development. International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, Occasional Paper, no. 6. International Union of Forest Research Organizations, Vienna.
    • (1997) International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, Occasional Paper
    • Schlaepfer, R.1
  • 80
    • 84948775987 scopus 로고
    • Naturgefahren und die Bedeutung der Wälder im 'Haushalt der Natur'. [Natural hazards and the importance of forests in the 'household of nature'.]
    • Schuler, A. (1995) Naturgefahren und die Bedeutung der Wälder im 'Haushalt der Natur'. [Natural hazards and the importance of forests in the 'household of nature'.] Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen 146, 629-40.
    • (1995) Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen , vol.146 , pp. 629-640
    • Schuler, A.1
  • 82
    • 0001347126 scopus 로고
    • Geschichtlicher Hergang und aktuelle Bedeutung der Plenterung in Europa. [History and current importance of the single-tree selection system in Europe.]
    • (English translation available).
    • Schütz, J.-P. (1994) Geschichtlicher Hergang und aktuelle Bedeutung der Plenterung in Europa. [History and current importance of the single-tree selection system in Europe.] Allgemeine Forst- und Jagdzeitung 165, 106-14 (English translation available).
    • (1994) Allgemeine Forst- und Jagdzeitung , vol.165 , pp. 106-114
    • Schütz, J.-P.1
  • 84
    • 38249027766 scopus 로고
    • The design and use of living snow fences in North America
    • Shaw, D.L. (1988) The design and use of living snow fences in North America. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 22/23, 351-62.
    • (1988) Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment , vol.22 , Issue.23 , pp. 351-362
    • Shaw, D.L.1
  • 85
    • 84890131539 scopus 로고
    • A review of the development of shelterbelt system in China
    • Shi, K.S., Deng, J.F., Ding, Y.Y., Li, W.C. & Chen, Z.D., eds., China Science and Technology Press, Beijing, China.
    • Song, Z.M. (1991) A review of the development of shelterbelt system in China. In: Shi, K.S., Deng, J.F., Ding, Y.Y., Li, W.C. & Chen, Z.D., eds. Development of Forestry Science and Technology in China pp. 64-70. China Science and Technology Press, Beijing, China.
    • (1991) Development of Forestry Science and Technology in China , pp. 64-70
    • Song, Z.M.1
  • 86
    • 33745537209 scopus 로고
    • Analyse du rôle de protection des forêts domaniales de montagne. [Analysis of the role of publicly owned mountain protection forests.]
    • Sonnier, J. (1991) Analyse du rôle de protection des forêts domaniales de montagne. [Analysis of the role of publicly owned mountain protection forests.] Revue Forestière Française 43, 131-45.
    • (1991) Revue Forestière Française , vol.43 , pp. 131-145
    • Sonnier, J.1
  • 90
    • 0003039590 scopus 로고
    • Physiological ecology of the Alpine timberline
    • Springer, New York.
    • Tranquillini, W. (1979) Physiological ecology of the Alpine timberline. Ecological Studies, no. 31, pp. 1-19. Springer, New York.
    • (1979) Ecological Studies , Issue.31 , pp. 1-19
    • Tranquillini, W.1
  • 91
    • 84986860243 scopus 로고
    • Some remarks on disturbance and its relations to diversity and stability
    • van der Maarel, E. (1993) Some remarks on disturbance and its relations to diversity and stability. Journal of Vegetation Science 4, 733-6.
    • (1993) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.4 , pp. 733-736
    • van der Maarel, E.1
  • 94
    • 84948783067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shelter trees in animal production
    • Palmer, H., Gardiner, B., Hislop, H., Sibbald, A. & Duncan, A., eds., Forestry Commission Technical Paper No 21, Forestry Commission, Edinburgh.
    • Webster, J. (1997) Shelter trees in animal production. In: Palmer, H., Gardiner, B., Hislop, H., Sibbald, A. & Duncan, A., eds. Trees for Shelter. Forestry Commission Technical Paper No 21, pp. 24-30. Forestry Commission, Edinburgh.
    • (1997) Trees for Shelter , pp. 24-30
    • Webster, J.1
  • 95
    • 33745583941 scopus 로고
    • Stabilitätspflege im Gebirgswald. [Stability management in mountain forests.]
    • Zeller, E. (1982) Stabilitätspflege im Gebirgswald. [Stability management in mountain forests.] Bündnerwald 6, 304-25.
    • (1982) Bündnerwald , vol.6 , pp. 304-325
    • Zeller, E.1
  • 97
    • 0005116550 scopus 로고
    • Succession and regeneration in the natural forests in central Europe
    • Zukrigl, K. (1991) Succession and regeneration in the natural forests in central Europe. Geobios (Jodhpur) 18, 202-8.
    • (1991) Geobios (Jodhpur) , vol.18 , pp. 202-208
    • Zukrigl, K.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.