Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: A tale of three studies

Diabetes and Metabolism Journal

Volumn 39, Issue 5, 2015, Pages 373-383

  Son, Jang Won ^a   Kim, Sungrae ^a  

^a The Catholic University of Korea   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular diseases; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Dipeptidyl peptidase 4

Indexed keywords

ALOGLIPTIN; AMINO TERMINAL PRO BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR; GLIMEPIRIDE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; LINAGLIPTIN; PLACEBO; SAXAGLIPTIN; VILDAGLIPTIN;

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ACUTE PANCREATITIS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHRONIC PANCREATITIS; DIABETIC PATIENT; DISEASE DURATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG USE; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FALSE POSITIVE RESULT; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HEART FAILURE; HEART INFARCTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE ENDDIASTOLIC VOLUME; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; HYPOGLYCEMIA; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PANCREAS CANCER; PLEIOTROPY; POST HOC ANALYSIS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; SYMPATHETIC TONE; TREND STUDY; UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS;

EID: 84947427051     PISSN: 22336079     EISSN: 22336087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2015.39.5.373     Document Type: Review

References (41)

1. Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, Seshasai SR, Kaptoge S, Thompson A, Di Angelantonio E, Gao P, Sarwar N, Whincup PH, Mukamal KJ, Gillum RF, Holme I, Njolstad I, Fletcher A, Nilsson P, Lewington S, Collins R, Gudnason V, Thompson SG, Sattar N, Selvin E, Hu FB, Danesh J. Diabetes mellitus, fasting glucose, and risk of cause-specific death. N Engl J Med 2011; 364:829-41.
2. Hemmingsen B, Lund SS, Gluud C, Vaag A, Almdal T, Hemmingsen C, Wetterslev J. Intensive glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ 2011;343:d6898.
3. Scheen AJ. A review of gliptins for 2014. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2015;16:43-62.
4. Hong WJ, Petell JK, Swank D, Sanford J, Hixson DC, Doyle D. Expression of dipeptidyl peptidase IV in rat tissues is mainly regulated at the mRNA levels. Exp Cell Res 1989;182:256-66.
5. Durinx C, Lambeir AM, Bosmans E, Falmagne JB, Berghmans R, Haemers A, Scharpe S, De Meester I. Molecular characterization of dipeptidyl peptidase activity in serum: soluble CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV is responsible for the release of X-Pro dipeptides. Eur J Biochem 2000;267:5608-13.
6. Gutniak M, Orskov C, Holst JJ, Ahren B, Efendic S. Antidiabetogenic effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36)amide in normal subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1992;326:1316-22.
7. Grieve DJ, Cassidy RS, Green BD. Emerging cardiovascular actions of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1: potential therapeutic benefits beyond glycaemic control? Br J Pharmacol 2009;157:1340-51.
8. Ussher JR, Drucker DJ. Cardiovascular biology of the incretin system. Endocr Rev 2012;33:187-215.
9. Drucker DJ, Nauck MA. The incretin system: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. Lancet 2006;368:1696-705.
10. Zaruba MM, Theiss HD, Vallaster M, Mehl U, Brunner S, David R, Fischer R, Krieg L, Hirsch E, Huber B, Nathan P, Israel L, Imhof A, Herbach N, Assmann G, Wanke R, Mueller-Hoecker J, Steinbeck G, Franz WM. Synergy between CD26/DPP-IV inhibition and G-CSF improves cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction. Cell Stem Cell 2009;4:313-23.
11. Brandt I, Lambeir AM, Ketelslegers JM, Vanderheyden M, Scharpe S, De Meester I. Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV converts intact B-type natriuretic peptide into its des-SerPro form. Clin Chem 2006;52:82-7.
12. Mentlein R, Dahms P, Grandt D, Kruger R. Proteolytic processing of neuropeptide Y and peptide YY by dipeptidyl peptidase IV. Regul Pept 1993;49:133-44.
13. Wang LH, Ahmad S, Benter IF, Chow A, Mizutani S, Ward PE. Differential processing of substance P and neurokinin A by plasma dipeptidyl(amino)peptidase IV, aminopeptidase M and angiotensin converting enzyme. Peptides 1991;12:1357-64.
14. Girardi AC, Degray BC, Nagy T, Biemesderfer D, Aronson PS. Association of Na(+)-H(+) exchanger isoform NHE3 and dipeptidyl peptidase IV in the renal proximal tubule. J Biol Chem 2001;276:46671-7.
15. Girardi AC, Knauf F, Demuth HU, Aronson PS. Role of dipeptidyl peptidase IV in regulating activity of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform NHE3 in proximal tubule cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2004;287:C1238-45.
16. Johansen OE, Neubacher D, von Eynatten M, Patel S, Woerle HJ. Cardiovascular safety with linagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pre-specified, prospective, and adjudicated meta-analysis of a phase 3 programme. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2012;11:3.
17. Williams-Herman D, Round E, Swern AS, Musser B, Davies MJ, Stein PP, Kaufman KD, Amatruda JM. Safety and tolerability of sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis. BMC Endocr Disord 2008;8:14.
18. Schweizer A, Dejager S, Foley JE, Couturier A, Ligueros-Saylan M, Kothny W. Assessing the cardio-cerebrovascular safety of vildagliptin: meta-analysis of adjudicated events from a large phase III type 2 diabetes population. Diabetes Obes Metab 2010; 12:485-94.
19. Cobble ME, Frederich R. Saxagliptin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: assessing cardiovascular data. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2012;11:6.
20. White WB, Pratley R, Fleck P, Munsaka M, Hisada M, Wilson C, Menon V. Cardiovascular safety of the dipetidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor alogliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013;15:668-73.
21. Monami M, Ahren B, Dicembrini I, Mannucci E. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013;15: 112-20.
22. Monami M, Iacomelli I, Marchionni N, Mannucci E. Dipeptydil peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010; 20:224-35.
23. Monami M, Dicembrini I, Martelli D, Mannucci E. Safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Curr Med Res Opin 2011;27 Suppl 3:57-64.
24. Hirshberg B, Raz I. Impact of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration cardiovascular assessment requirements on the development of novel antidiabetes drugs. Diabetes Care 2011;34 Suppl 2:S101-6.
25. Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, Steg PG, Davidson J, Hirshberg B, Ohman P, Frederich R, Wiviott SD, Hoffman EB, Cavender MA, Udell JA, Desai NR, Mosenzon O, McGuire DK, Ray KK, Leiter LA, Raz I; SAVOR-TIMI 53 Steering Committee and Investigators. Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 2013; 369:1317-26.
26. White WB, Cannon CP, Heller SR, Nissen SE, Bergenstal RM, Bakris GL, Perez AT, Fleck PR, Mehta CR, Kupfer S, Wilson C, Cushman WC, Zannad F; EXAMINE Investigators. Alogliptin after acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2013;369:1327-35.
27. Green JB, Bethel MA, Armstrong PW, Buse JB, Engel SS, Garg J, Josse R, Kaufman KD, Koglin J, Korn S, Lachin JM, McGuire DK, Pencina MJ, Standl E, Stein PP, Suryawanshi S, Van de Werf F, Peterson ED, Holman RR; TECOS Study Group. Effect of sitagliptin on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2015;373:232-42.
28. Frederich R, Alexander JH, Fiedorek FT, Donovan M, Ber-glind N, Harris S, Chen R, Wolf R, Mahaffey KW. A systematic assessment of cardiovascular outcomes in the saxagliptin drug development program for type 2 diabetes. Postgrad Med 2010; 122:16-27.
29. Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, Steg PG, Davidson J, Hirshberg B, Ohman P, Price DL, Chen R, Udell J, Raz I. The design and rationale of the saxagliptin assessment of vascular outcomes recorded in patients with diabetes mellitus-thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (SAVOR-TIMI) 53 study. Am Heart J 2011;162:818-25.e6.
30. Scirica BM, Braunwald E, Raz I, Cavender MA, Morrow DA, Jarolim P, Udell JA, Mosenzon O, Im K, Umez-Eronini AA, Pollack PS, Hirshberg B, Frederich R, Lewis BS, McGuire DK, Davidson J, Steg PG, Bhatt DL; SAVOR-TIMI 53 Steering Committee and Investigators. Heart failure, saxagliptin, and diabetes mellitus: observations from the SAVOR-TIMI 53 randomized trial. Circulation 2014;130:1579-88.
31. Zannad F, Cannon CP, Cushman WC, Bakris GL, Menon V, Perez AT, Fleck PR, Mehta CR, Kupfer S, Wilson C, Lam H, White WB; EXAMINE Investigators. Heart failure and mortality outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes taking alogliptin versus placebo in EXAMINE: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet 2015;385:2067-76.
32. Monami M, Dicembrini I, Mannucci E. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014;24:689-97.
33. Savarese G, Perrone-Filardi P, D'Amore C, Vitale C, Trimarco B, Pani L, Rosano GM. Cardiovascular effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in diabetic patients: a meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2015;181:239-44.
34. Wu S, Hopper I, Skiba M, Krum H. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials with 55,141 participants. Cardiovasc Ther 2014;32:147-58.
35. Kim SC, Glynn RJ, Liu J, Everett BM, Goldfine AB. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors do not increase the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes: a cohort study. Acta Diabetol 2014;51: 1015-23.
36. Yu OH, Filion KB, Azoulay L, Patenaude V, Majdan A, Suissa S. Incretin-based drugs and the risk of congestive heart failure. Diabetes Care 2015;38:277-84.
37. Devin JK, Pretorius M, Nian H, Yu C, Billings FT 4th, Brown NJ. Substance P increases sympathetic activity during combined angiotensin-converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition. Hypertension 2014;63:951-7.
38. Ban K, Kim KH, Cho CK, Sauve M, Diamandis EP, Backx PH, Drucker DJ, Husain M. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1(9-36) amide-mediated cytoprotection is blocked by exendin(9-39) yet does not require the known GLP-1 receptor. Endocrinology 2010;151:1520-31.
39. Bethel MA, Green JB, Milton J, Tajar A, Engel SS, Califf RM, Holman RR; TECOS Executive Committee. Regional, age and sex differences in baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS). Diabetes Obes Metab 2015;17:395-402.
40. Krum H, Lukashevich V, Bolli G, Kozlovski P, Kothny W, Ponikowski P. Paper predented at: No significant difference in risk of heart failure hospitalization with vildagliptin in diabetic patients with systolic chronic heart failure: Vividd Study. American Diabetes Association 74th Scientific Sessions; 2014 Jun 15; San Francisco, CA.
41. Marx N, Rosenstock J, Kahn SE, Zinman B, Kastelein JJ, Lachin JM, Espeland MA, Bluhmki E, Mattheus M, Ryckaert B, Patel S, Johansen OE, Woerle HJ. Design and baseline characteristics of the CARdiovascular Outcome Trial of LINAgliptin Versus Glimepiride in Type 2 Diabetes (CAROLINA(R)). Diab Vasc Dis Res 2015;12:164-74.