Age-related emotional bias in processing two emotionally valenced tasks

Psychological Research

Volumn 81, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 289-308

  Allen, Philip A ^a   Lien, Mei Ching ^b   Jardin, Elliott ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AKRON   (United States)

^b OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; AGING; ATTENTIONAL BIAS; EMOTION; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HEARING; HUMAN; MALE; PHOTOSTIMULATION; PROCEDURES; PSYCHOLOGY; VERY ELDERLY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; ATTENTIONAL BIAS; AUDITORY PERCEPTION; EMOTIONS; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PHOTIC STIMULATION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84944929520     PISSN: 03400727     EISSN: 14302772     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00426-015-0711-8     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Allen, P. A., Kaut, K. P., Baena, E., Lien, M.-C., & Ruthruff, E. (2011). Individual differences in positive affect moderate age-related declines in episodic long-term memory. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23, 768–779.
2. Allen, P., Kaut, K., & Lord, R. (2008). Emotion and episodic memory. In E. Dere, A. Easton, L. Nadel, & J. Huston (Eds.), Handbook of behavioral neuroscience: Episodic memory research (pp. 115–132). Elsevier Science.
3. Allen, P. A., Kaut, K. P., Lord, R. G., Hall, R. J., Bowie, T., & Grabbe, J. (2005). An emotional mediation theory of differential age effects in episodic and semantic memory. Experimental Aging Research, 31, 355–391.
4. Allen, P. A., Lien, M.-C., Murphy, M. D., Sanders, R. E., Judge, K., & McCann, R. (2002). Age differences in overlapping-task performance: evidence for efficient parallel processing in older adults. Psychology and Aging, 17, 505–519.
5. Allen, P. A., Lien, M.-C., Ruthruff, E., & Voss, A. (2014). Multi-Tasking and aging: do older adults benefit from performing a highly practiced task? Experimental Aging Research, 40, 280–307.
6. Allen, P. A., Ruthruff, E., Elicker, J. D., & Lien, M.-C. (2009). Multi-session dual-task PRP practice benefits older and younger adults equally. Experimental Aging Research, 35, 369–399.
7. Allen, P. A., Smith, A. F., Vires-Collins, H., & Sperry, S. (1998). The psychological refractory period: evidence for age differences in attentional time-sharing. Psychol Aging, 13, 218–229.
8. Baena, E., Allen, P. A., Kaut, K. P., & Hall, R. J. (2010). On age differences in prefrontal function: the importance of emotional/cognitive integration. Neuropsychologia, 48, 319–333.
9. Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (1999b). International affective digitized sounds (IADS): Stimuli, instruction manual and affective ratings (Tech. Rep. No. B-2). Gainesville, FL: Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida.
10. Cacioppo, J. T., Berntsen, G. G., Bechara, A., Tranel, D., & Hawkley, L. C. (2011). Could an aging brain contribute to subjective well-being? The value added by a social neuroscience perspective. In A. Tadorov, S. T. Fiske, & D. Prentice (Eds.), Social Neuroscience: Toward Understanding the Underpinnings of the Social Mind (pp. 249–262). New York: Oxford University Press.
11. Carrier, L. M., & Pashler, H. (1995). Attentional limits in memory retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 1339–1348.
12. Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999). Taking time seriously: a theory of socioemotional selectivity. American Psychologist, 54, 165–181.
13. Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155–159.
14. Corbetta, M., Patel, G., & Shulman, G. L. (2008). The re-orienting system of the human brain: from environment to theory of mind. Neuron, 58, 306–324.
15. Denburg, N. L., Tranel, D., & Bechara, A. (2005). The ability to decide advantageously declines prematurely in some normal older persons. Neuropsychologia, 43, 1099–1106.
16. Dolcos, F., Iordin, A. D., & Dolcos, S. (2011). Neural correlates of emotion-cognition interactions: a review of evidence from brain imaging investigations. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23, 669–694.
17. Fischer, R., Miller, J., & Schubert, T. (2007). Evidence for parallel semantic memory retrieval in dual tasks. Memory & Cognition, 35, 1685–1699.
18. Fischer, R., & Schubert, T. (2008). Valence Processing Bypassing the Response Selection Bottleneck? Experimental Psychology, 55, 203–211.
19. Glass, J. M., Schumacher, E. H., Lauber, E. J., Zurbriggen, E. L., Gmeindl, L., Kieras, D. E., & Meyer, D. E. (2000). Aging and the psychological refractory period: task-coordination strategies in young and old adults. Psychology and Aging, 15, 571–595.
20. Grabbe, J. W., & Allen, P. A. (2012). Cross-task compatibility and age-related dual-task performance. Experimental Aging Research, 38, 469–487.
21. Green, C., Johnston, J. C., & Ruthruff, E. (2011). Attentional limits in memory retrieval—Revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 34, 1083–1098.
22. Hartley, A. A., & Little, D. M. (1999). Age-related differences and similarities in dual-task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 416–449.
23. Hein, G., & Schubert, T. (2004). Aging and Input Processing in Dual-Task Situations. Psychology and Aging, 19, 416–432.
24. Hommel, B. (1998). Automatic stimulus-response translation in dual-task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, 1368–1384.
25. Hommel, B., Muesseler, J., Aschersleben, G., & Prinz, W. (2001). The theory of event coding (TEC). A framework for perception and action planning. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24, 849–878.
26. Isaacowitz, D. M., Allard, E. S., Murphy, N. A., & Schlangel, N. (2009). The time course of age-related preferences toward positive and negative stimuli. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 64B, P188–P192.
27. Isaacowitz, D. M., Wadlinger, H. A., Goren, D., & Wilson, H. R. (2006). Selective preference in visual fixation away from negative images in old age? An eye-tracking study. Psychology and Aging, 21(1), 40–48. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.40.
28. Kahneman, D. (1973). Attention and effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
29. Knight, M., Seymour, T. L., Gaunt, J. T., Baker, C., Nesmith, K., & Mather, M. (2007). Aging and goal-directed emotional attention: Distraction reverses emotional biases. Emotion, 7, 705–714.
30. Koch, I., & Prinz, W. (2002). Process interference and code overlap in dual-task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 28, 192–201. doi:10.1037//0096-1523.28.1.192.
31. Kramer, A. F., & Madden, D. J. (2008). Attention. In G. Craik & T. Salthouse (Eds.), The handbook of aging and cognition (3rd ed., pp. 189–249). New York: Psychology Press.
32. Kray, J., & Lindenberger, U. (2000). Adult age differences in task switching. Psychology and Aging, 15, 126–147.
33. Kryla-Lighthall, N., & Mather, M. (2007). The role of cognitive control in older adults’ emotional well-being. In V. Berngtson, D. Gans, N. Putney, & M. Silverstein (Eds.), Handbook of Theories of Aging (2nd Edition), Springer Publishing, 323–344.
34. Lee, T.-H., Itti, L., & Mather, M. (2012). Evidence for arousal-biased competition in perceptual learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 241, doi:10.3389/fpsyq.2012.00241.
35. Lien, M.-C., Allen, P. A., Ruthruff, E., Grabbe, J., McCann, R. S., & Remington, R. W. (2006). Visual word recognition without central attention: evidence for greater automaticity with advancing age. Psychology and Aging, 21, 431–447.
36. Lien, M.-C., & Proctor, R. W. (2002). Stimulus-response compatibility and psychological refractory period effects: implications for response selection. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 9, 212–238.
37. Lien, M.-C., Ruthruff, E., Hsieh, S., & Yu, Y.-T. (2007). Parallel central processing between tasks: evidence from lateralized readiness potentials. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14, 133–141.
38. Lien, M.-C., Schweickert, R., & Proctor, R. W. (2003). Task switching and response correspondence in the psychological refractory period paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 29, 692–712.
39. Logan, G. D., & Schulkind, M. D. (2000). Parallel memory retrieval in dual-task situations: i. Semantic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 26, 1072–1090.
40. Madden, D. J. (2007). Aging and visual attention. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16, 70–74.
41. Maquestiaux, F., Hartley, A., & Bertsch, J. (2004). Can practice overcome age-related differences in the psychological refractory period effect? Psychology and Aging, 19, 649–667.
42. Maquestiaux, F., Lague-Beauvais, M., Ruthruff, E., Hartley, A. A., & Bherer, L. (2010). Learning to bypass the central bottleneck: declining automaticity with advancing age. Psychology and Aging, 25, 177–192.
43. Mather, M. (2012). The emotion paradox in the aging brain. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1251, 33–49.
44. Mather, M., Canli, T., English, T., Whitfield, S., Wais, P., Ochsner, K., … Carstensen, L. L. (2004). Amygdala responses to emotionally valenced stimuli in older and younger adults. Psychological Science, 15, 259–263.
45. Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2005). Aging and motivated cognition: the positivity effect in attention and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 496–502.
46. Mather, M., & Knight, M. (2005). Goal-directed memory: the role of cognitive control in older adults’ emotional memory. Psychology and Aging, 20, 554–570.
47. Mather, M., & Knight, M. R. (2006). Angry Faces Get Noticed Quickly: threat Detection is not Impaired Among Older Adults. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 61B, P54–P57.
48. Mather, M., & Sutherland, M. R. (2011). Arousal-biased competition in perception and memory. Perspectives in Psychological Sciences, 6, 114–133.
49. McCann, R. S., & Johnston, J. C. (1992). Locus of the single-channel bottleneck in dual-task interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 471–484.
50. McLeod, P. (1977). Parallel processing and the psychological refractory period. Acta Psychologica, 41, 381–391.
51. Meyer, D. E., & Kieras, D. E. (1997). A computational theory of executive cognitive processes and multiple-task performance: part 2. Accounts of psychological refractory period phenomena. Psychological Review, 104, 749–791.
52. Muller, M. M., Andersen, S. K., & Keil, A. (2008). Time course of competition for visual processing resources between emotional pictures and foreground task. Cerebral Cortex, 19, 1892–1899.
53. Nashiro, K., Sakaki, M., & Mather, M. (2012). Age differences in brain activity during emotion processing: reflections of age-related decline or increased emotional regulation. Gerontology, 58, 156–163.
54. Ohman, A., & Mineka, S. (2001). Fears, phobias, and preparedness: towards an evolved module of fear and fear learning. Psychological Review, 108, 483–522.
55. Oriet, C., Tombu, M., & Jelicoeur, P. (2005). Symbolic distance affects two processing loci in the number comparison task. Memory & Cognition, 33, 913–926.
56. Pashler, H. (1984). Processing stages in overlapping tasks: evidence for a central bottleneck. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 10, 358–377.
57. Pashler, H. (1994). Dual-task interference in simple tasks: data and theory. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 220–244.
58. Pollock, J. W., Khoja, N., Kaut, K. P., Lien, M.-C., & Allen, P. A. (2012). Electrophysiological evidence for age-related sparing and decrements in emotion perception and attention. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 6(60), 1–14.
59. Proctor, R. W., Zhang, Y., & Vu, K.-P. L. (2013). Older and younger adults show comparable affective compatibility and Simon effects. Experimental Aging Research, 39, 44–69.
60. Redondo, J., Fraga, I., Padron, I., & Pineiro, A. (2008). Affective ratings of sound stimuli. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 784–790.
61. Rotshtein, P., Richardson, M. P., Winston, J. S., Kiebel, S. J., Vuilleumier, P., Eimer, M., … Dolan, R. J. (2010). Amygdala damage affects event-related potentials for fearful faces at specific time windows. Human Brain Mapping, 31, 1089–1105.
62. Ruthruff, E., Johnston, J. C., & Remington, R. W. (2009). How strategic is the central bottleneck: can it be overcome by trying harder? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 35, 1368–1384.
63. Ruthruff, E., Johnston, J. C., & Van Selst, M. (2001). Why practice reduces dual-task interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception Performance, 27, 3–21.
64. Ruthruff, E., Pashler, H., & Klaassen, A. (2001b). Processing bottlenecks in dual-task performance: structural limitation or voluntary postponement? Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8, 73–80.
65. Scheibe, S., & Blanchard-Fields, F. (2009). Effects of Regulating Emotions on Cognitive Performance: what Is Costly for Young Adults Is Not So Costly for Older Adults. Psychology and Aging, 24, 217–223.
66. Schneider, W., Eschman, A., & Zuccolotto, A. (2002). E-Prime users guide. Pittsburgh: Psychology Software Tools Inc.
67. Shaw, K., Lien, M.-C., Ruthruff, E., & Allen, P. A. (2011). Electrophysiological evidence of emotion perception without central attention. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23, 695–708.
68. Telford, C. W. (1931). Refractory phase of voluntary and associative response. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 14, 1–35.
69. Tombu, M., & Jolicoeur, P. (2003). A central capacity sharing model of dual-task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 29, 3–18.
70. Tottenham, N., Tanaka, J., Leon, A. C., McCarry, T., Nurse, M., Hare, T. A., et al. (2009). The NimStim set of facial expressions: judgments from untrained research participants. Psychiatry Research, 168, 242–249.
71. Verhaeghen, P., & Cerella, J. (2002). Aging, executive control, and attention: a review of meta-analyses. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 26, 849–857.
72. Vuilleumier, (2005). How brains beware: neural mechanisms of emotional attention. TRENDS in the Cognitive Sciences, 9, 585–594.
73. Vuilleumier, P., Armony, J. L., Driver, J., & Dolan, R. J. (2001). Effects of attention and emotion on face processing in the human brain: an event-related fMRI study. Neuron, 30, 829–841.
74. Welford, A. T. (1952). The ‘‘psychological refractory period’’ and the timing of high-speed performance—a review and a theory. British Journal of Psychology, 43, 2–19.
75. Zwosta, K., Hommel, B., Goschke, T., & Fischer, R. (2013). Mood states determine the degree of task shielding in dual-task performance. Cognition and Emotion, 27, 1142–1152.