Achieving best outcomes for patients with cardiovascular disease in China by enhancing the quality of medical care and establishing a learning ealth-care system

The Lancet

Volumn 386, Issue 10002, 2015, Pages 1493-1505

  Jiang, Lixin ^a   Krumholz, Harlan M ^b,c,d   Li, Xi ^a   Li, Jing ^a   Hu, Shengshou ^a  

^a FUWAI HOSPITAL   (China)

^b YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d YALE NEW HAVEN HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHINA; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL RESEARCH; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; MEDICAL CARE; MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CLINICAL PATHWAY; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HOSPITAL; MEDICAL RESEARCH; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; STANDARDS;

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHINA; CRITICAL PATHWAYS; DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HEALTH POLICY; HOSPITALS; HUMANS; PATIENT OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE;

EID: 84944075235     PISSN: 01406736     EISSN: 1474547X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00343-8     Document Type: Review

References (103)

1. G Yang, L Kong, W Zhao et al. Emergence of chronic non-communicable diseases in China Lancet 372 2008 1697 1705
2. G Yang, Y Wang, Y Zeng et al. Rapid health transition in China, 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 Lancet 381 2013 1987 2015
3. National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Report on cardiovascular diseases in China, 2014 2015 Encyclopedia of China Publishing House Beijing
4. Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China China Nutrition and Health Survey, 2002 2005 People's Medical Publishing House Beijing
5. Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China China national NCD risk factor surveillance, 2007 2010 People's Medical Publishing House Beijing
6. C Huang, H Yu, JP Koplan Can China diminish its burden of non-communicable diseases and injuries by promoting health in its policies, practices, and incentives? Lancet 384 2014 783 792
7. P Gong, S Liang, EJ Carlton et al. Urbanisation and health in China Lancet 379 2012 843 852
8. Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China China public health statistical yearbook 2013 2013 Peking Union Medical College publishing house Beijing
9. J Watts Chen Zhu: from barefoot doctor to China's Minister of Health Lancet 372 2008 1455
10. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China Guidelines on standardised training of clinical residents http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/qjjys/s3593/201401/032c8cdf2eb64a369cca4f9b76e8b059.shtml Jan 17, 2014 (accessed Sept 16, 2015; in Chinese).
11. Q Meng, L Xu, Y Zhang et al. Trends in access to health services and financial protection in China between 2003 and 2011: a cross-sectional study Lancet 379 2012 805 814
12. Committee on quality of health care in America Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century 2001 Institute of Medicine Washington, DC
13. GJ Buckley, RE Pittluck Improving quality of care in low- and middle-income countries 2015 The National Academies Press Washington, DC
14. WHO Quality of Care: a process for making strategic choices in health systems 2006 World Health Organization Geneva
15. J Li, X Li, Q Wang the China PEACE Collaborative Group ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in China from 2001 to 2011 (the China PEACE-Retrospective Acute Myocardial Infarction Study): a retrospective analysis of hospital data Lancet 385 2015 441 451
16. HM Krumholz, Y Wang, J Chen et al. Reduction in acute myocardial infarction mortality in the United States: risk-standardized mortality rates from 1995-2006 JAMA 302 2009 767 773
17. S-C Chung, R Gedeborg, O Nicholas et al. Acute myocardial infarction: a comparison of short-term survival in national outcome registries in Sweden and the UK Lancet 383 2014 1305 1312
18. MT Roe, JC Messenger, WS Weintraub et al. Treatments, trends, and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction and percutaneous coronary intervention J Am Coll Cardiol 56 2010 254 263
19. D Xavier, P Pais, PJ Devereaux the CREATE registry investigators Treatment and outcomes of acute coronary syndromes in India (CREATE): a prospective analysis of registry data Lancet 371 2008 1435 1442
20. Q Liu, D Zhao, J Liu, W Wang, J Liu the Bridging the Gap on Coronary Heart Disease Secondary Prevention in China Current clinical practice patterns and outcome for acute coronary syndromes in China: results of BRIG project Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 37 2009 213 217 (in Chinese).
21. R Gao, A Patel, W Gao the CPACS Investigators Prospective observational study of acute coronary syndromes in China: practice patterns and outcomes Heart 94 2008 554 560
22. Y Wang, X Liao, X Zhao the China National Stroke Registry Investigators Using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator to treat acute ischemic stroke in China: analysis of the results from the Chinese National Stroke Registry (CNSR) Stroke 42 2011 1658 1664
23. R Haynes, L Jiang, JC Hopewell the HPS2-THRIVE Collaborative Group HPS2-THRIVE randomized placebo-controlled trial in 25 673 high-risk patients of ER niacin/laropiprant: trial design, pre-specified muscle and liver outcomes, and reasons for stopping study treatment Eur Heart J 34 2013 1279 1291
24. J Li, D Zhang, X Li et al. Survey of treatment of hypertension among patients with ischemic stroke Chin J Hypertens 19 2011 246 250
25. H Zhang, D Zhang, J Li et al. The application of β receptor blockers in patients with coronary heart disease in China J Clin Cardiol (Chin) 27 2011 422 425
26. LX Jiang, X Li, J Li et al. A cross-sectional study on the use of statin among patients with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke in China Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 31 2010 925 928 (in Chinese).
27. D Zhang, L Ge, J Li the HPS2-THRIVE Collaborative Group Current statin use for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in 39 large Chinese hospitals Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 39 2011 397 401 (in Chinese).
28. X Li, Y Gao, J Li the HPS2-THRIVE China group Underuse of statins in patients with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke in China Chin Med J (Engl) 125 2012 1703 1707
29. F Long, Q Su, Y Cai et al. Antiplatelet drug therapy for secondary prevention of cerebral ischemic stroke and its influence factors in Hainan province Chin J Geriatr Heart Brain Vessel Dis 8 2013 828 830
30. Q Su, K Yuan, F Long et al. Evaluation on the compliance with secondary prevention and influence factors of ischemic stroke in Hainan province, China Vascular 22 2014 181 187
31. JW Wei, JG Wang, Y Huang the ChinaQUEST Investigators Secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in urban China Stroke 41 2010 967 974
32. Y Bi, R Gao, A Patel et al. Evidence-based medication use among Chinese patients with acute coronary syndromes at the time of hospital discharge and 1 year after hospitalization: Results from the Clinical Pathways for Acute Coronary Syndromes in China (CPACS) study Am Heart J 157 2009 509 516 e1.
33. ZM Chen, HC Pan, YP Chen the COMMIT (ClOpidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial) collaborative group Early intravenous then oral metoprolol in 45,852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: randomised placebo-controlled trial Lancet 366 2005 1622 1632
34. JL Anderson, CD Adams, EM Antman the American College of Cardiology the American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) the American College of Emergency Physicians the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions the Society of Thoracic Surgeons the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction): developed in collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons: endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Circulation 116 2007 e148 e304
35. EM Antman, M Hand, PW Armstrong the 2004 Writing Committee Members 2007 focused update of the ACC/AHA 2004 guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the Canadian Cardiovascular Society endorsed by the American Academy of Family Physicians: 2007 Writing Group to Review New Evidence and Update the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST- Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Writing on Behalf of the 2004 Writing Committee Circulation 117 2008 296 329
36. China Society of Cardiology of Chinese Medical Association Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction Chin J Cardiol (Chin) 38 2010 675 690
37. China Society of Cardiology of Chinese Medical Association Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Circulation Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction Chin J Circulation (Chin) 16 2001 407 422
38. ZM Chen, LX Jiang, YP Chen the COMMIT (ClOpidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial) collaborative group Addition of clopidogrel to aspirin in 45,852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: randomised placebo-controlled trial Lancet 366 2005 1607 1621
39. J Li, Q Wang, FA Masoudi et al. Fibrinolytic therapy in hospitals without percutaneous coronary intervention capabilities in China from 2001 to 2011 J Am Coll Cardiol 63 suppl 2014 A134
40. S Hu, Z Zheng, X Yuan et al. Coronary artery bypass graft: contemporary heart surgery center performance in China Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 5 2012 214 221
41. Y Gao, FA Masoudi, S Hu the China PEACE Collaborative Group Trends in early aspirin use among patients with acute myocardial infarction in China, 2001-2011: the China PEACE-Retrospective AMI study J Am Heart Assoc 3 2014 e001250
42. Medical Administration Department of the National Commission for Health and Family Planning of the People's Republic of China Quality Control Indicators for Six Specific Diseases http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/yzygj/s3585u/200806/6879c4420dd144a3a36dfe9501a8b9ed.shtml 2008 (accessed May 17, 2015; in Chinese).
43. Medical Administration Department of the National Commission for Health and Family Planning of the People's Republic of China Notification on accreditation standards for tertiary general hospitals http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/yzygj/s3585u/201104/c6fa4cc981d4429ba8caa7666aa13710.shtml April 22, 2011 (accessed March 21, 2015; in Chinese).
44. Hospital Compare Measures displayed on Hospital Compare https://www.medicare.gov/hospitalcompare/Data/Measures-Displayed.html (accessed Sept 22, 2015).
45. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Acute coronary syndromes (including myocardial infarction) https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/qs68 September, 2014 (accessed Sept 3, 2015).
46. K Thygesen, JS Alpert, HD White Universal definition of myocardial infarction J Am Coll Cardiol 50 2007 2173 2195
47. Department of Health National service framework for coronary artery disease: modern standards and service models 2000 Department of Health London https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment-data/file/198931/National-Service-Framework-for-Coronary-Heart-Disease.pdf (accessed Sept 3, 2015).
48. E Cumbler, H Wald, DL Bhatt et al. Quality of care and outcomes for in-hospital ischemic stroke: findings from the National Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Stroke 45 2014 231 238
49. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Overview of specifications of measures displayed on hospital compare, as of December 14, 2006 https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Quality-Initiatives-Patient-Assessment-Instruments/HospitalQualityInits/Downloads/HospitalOverviewOfSpecs200512.pdf (accessed Sept 3, 2015).
50. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Stroke quality standard https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/qs2 June, 2010 (accessed Sept 3, 2015).
51. D Blumenthal, AB Jena Hospital value-based purchasing J Hosp Med 8 2013 271 277
52. RA Berenson, RA Paulus, NS Kalman Medicare's readmissions-reduction program - a positive alternative N Engl J Med 366 2012 1364 1366
53. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Hospital quality initiative overview https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Quality-Initiatives-Patient-Assessment-Instruments/HospitalQualityInits/Downloads/HospitalOverview.pdf July, 2008 (accessed Sept 16, 2015)
54. Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China Notification on launching the pilot of clinical pathway management http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/yzygj/s3585u/200912/ac5407234912449e92e7318ed3603170.shtml Dec 8, 2009 (accessed March 21, 2015; in Chinese).
55. Medical Administration Department of the National Commission for Health and Family Planning of the People's Republic of China Notification on accreditation standards for secondary general hospitals http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/yzygj/s3586q/201201/b8dda05b1d23413c94150b5c17b5cc6f.shtml Jan 13, 2012 (accessed March 21, 2015; in Chinese).
56. W Yip, W Hsiao Harnessing the privatisation of China's fragmented health-care delivery Lancet 384 2014 805 818
57. Y Li, J Xu, F Wang et al. Overprescribing in China, driven by financial incentives, results in very high use of antibiotics, injections, and corticosteroids Health Aff (Millwood) 31 2012 1075 1082
58. L Reynolds, M McKee Serve the people or close the sale? Profit-driven overuse of injections and infusions in China's market-based healthcare system Int J Health Plann Manage 26 2011 449 470
59. PS Chan, HM Krumholz, JA Spertus et al. Automated external defibrillators and survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest JAMA 304 2010 2129 2136
60. The Lancet Ending violence against doctors in China Lancet 379 2012 1764
61. The Lancet Chinese doctors are under threat Lancet 376 2010 657
62. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China The notification on public consultation on the medical quality management regulations (draft for comments) http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/zhuzhan/zqyj/201405/5edc2cfe1d154e5d83f6836a2f99a0f5.shtml May 8, 2014 (accessed May 17, 2015; in Chinese).
63. X Du, R Gao, F Turnbull the CPACS Investigators Hospital quality improvement initiative for patients with acute coronary syndromes in China: a cluster randomized, controlled trial Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 7 2014 217 226
64. I Ranasinghe, Y Rong, X Du the CPACS Investigators System barriers to the evidence-based care of acute coronary syndrome patients in China: qualitative analysis Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 7 2014 209 216
65. Y Wang, Z Li, Y Xian the GOLDEN BRIDGE-AIS investigators Rationale and design of a cluster-randomized multifaceted intervention trial to improve stroke care quality in China: The GOLDEN BRIDGE-Acute Ischemic Stroke Am Heart J 169 2015 767 774 e2.
66. S Li, Y Wu, X Du the CPACS-3 investigators Rational and design of a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial evaluating quality improvement initiative for reducing cardiovascular events among patients with acute coronary syndromes in resource-constrained hospitals in China Am Heart J 169 2015 349 355
67. Z Desta, X Zhao, J-G Shin, DA Flockhart Clinical significance of the cytochrome P450 2C19 genetic polymorphism Clin Pharmacokinet 41 2002 913 958
68. American Heart Association Statements and Guidelines from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association http://my.americanheart.org/professional/StatementsGuidelines/Statements-Guidelines-UCM-316885-SubHomePage.jsp 2015 (accessed April 9, 2015).
69. Cardiovascular disease branch of Chinese Medical Association of interventional cardiology Chinese society of Cardiology Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Cardiology 2012 Chinese guideline of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention Chin J Front Med Sci (Chin) 4 2012 50 59
70. Chinese Society of Cardiology Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Cardiology Guideline on diagnosis and treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris Chin J Cardiol (Chin) 35 2007 195 206
71. Chinese Society of Cardiology Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Cardiology Guideline on diagnosis and treatment of acute ST-elevated myocardial infarction Chin J Cardiol (Chin) 40 2010 353 367
72. Chinese Society of Cardiology Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Cardiology Guideline on diagnosis and treatment of non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes Chin J Cardiol (Chin) 40 2012 353 367
73. Chinese Society of Cardiology Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Cardiology 2014 Chinese guideline on diagnosis and treatment of heart failure Chin J Cardiol (Chin) 42 2014 98 122
74. Chinese society of Cardiology China Biomedical Engineering Society of pacing and electrophysiology, China editorial board of Journal of cardiac pacing and electrophysiology, Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Cardiology. Guideline on treatment of superventricular tachyarrthymia Chin J Cardiac Pacing Electrophysiology (Chin) 19 2005 3 15
75. Neurology branch of Chinese Medical Association Guidelines Writing Group on Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack 2010 Chinese Guideline on secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack Chin J Neurol (Chin) 43 2010 154 160
76. Neurology Branch of Chinese Medical Association Guidelines Writing Group on Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke 2010 Chinese guideline on diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke Chin J Neurol (Chin) 43 2010 146 153
77. Z Jing 2010 Chinese guideline on treatment of pulmonary hypertension Chin J Front Med Sci (Chin) 3 2011 2 81
78. Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China Annual report of the state programs of science and technology development, 2007-2012 (in Chinese) http://www.most.gov.cn/ndbg/ 2012 (accessed Nov 21, 2013).
79. National Natural Science Foundation of China Applying and funding report on National Natural Science Foundation (in Chinese) http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/nsfc/cen/ndbg/2011ndbg/05/index.html 2011 (accessed Nov 21, 2013).
80. D Holmes Lixin Jiang: at the heart of China's evidence base Lancet 380 2012 1809
81. Z Yang, L Jiang Building clinical research capacity in China: the National Clinical Research Centres Lancet 383 2014 200 201
82. HM Krumholz, Y Wang, JA Mattera et al. An administrative claims model suitable for profiling hospital performance based on 30-day mortality rates among patients with an acute myocardial infarction Circulation 113 2006 1683 1692
83. Hu J. Firmly march on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and strive to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects: report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, 2012.
84. K Li Report on the Work of the Government: Delivered at the Second Session of the Twelfth National People's Congress http://www.gov.cn/zhuanti/2014gzbg-yw.htm 2014 (accessed Sept 2, 2015).
85. BK Nallamothu, S-LT Normand, Y Wang et al. Relation between door-to-balloon times and mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention over time: a retrospective study Lancet 385 2015 1114 1122
86. CM Gibson, YB Pride, PD Frederick et al. Trends in reperfusion strategies, door-to-needle and door-to-balloon times, and in-hospital mortality among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction enrolled in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction from 1990 to 2006 Am Heart J 156 2008 1035 1044
87. CP Gale, BA Cattle, A Woolston et al. Resolving inequalities in care? Reduced mortality in the elderly after acute coronary syndromes. The Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project 2003-2010 Eur Heart J 33 2012 630 639
88. C Weston, L Gavalova, T Whittaker, V Ronald Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP). How the NHS cares for patients with heart attack. Tenth Public Report 2014 http://www.ucl.ac.uk/nicor/audits/minap/documents/annual-reports/minap-public-report-2014 (accessed Sept 16, 2015).
89. MINAP Steering Group Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP)-how the NHS cares for patients with heart attack. Ninth Public Report 2010 https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/minap-public-report-sept-2010.pdf (accessed Sept 3, 2015).
90. WHO WHO global report 2005 - preventing chronic diseases: a vital investment 2005 World Health Organization Geneva http://www.who.int/chp/chronic-disease-report/full-report.pdf (accessed Sept w3, 2015).
91. T Alexander, AS Mullasari, J Narula Developing a STEMI system of care for low- and middle-income countries: the STEMI-India model Glob Heart 9 2014 419 423
92. LH Schwamm, SF Ali, MJ Reeves et al. Temporal trends in patient characteristics and treatment with intravenous thrombolysis among acute ischemic stroke patients at Get With The Guidelines-Stroke hospitals Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 6 2013 543 549
93. GC Fonarow, X Zhao, EE Smith et al. Door-to-needle times for tissue plasminogen activator administration and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke before and after a quality improvement initiative JAMA 311 2014 1632 1640
94. Royal College of Physicians Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/projects/sentinel-stroke-national-audit-programme 2015 (accessed Sept 16, 2015).
95. BD Bray, J Campbell, GC Cloud the Intercollegiate Stroke Working Party Group Bigger, faster? Associations between hospital thrombolysis volume and speed of thrombolysis administration in acute ischemic stroke Stroke 44 2013 3129 3135
96. AG Rudd, A Hoffman, R Grant, JT Campbell, D Lowe the Intercollegiate Working Party for Stroke Stroke thrombolysis in England, Wales and Northern Ireland: how much do we do and how much do we need? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 82 2011 14 19
97. K Eggleston, L Ling, M Qingyue, M Lindelow, A Wagstaff Health service delivery in China: a literature review Health Econ 17 2008 149 165
98. JP Newhouse Reimbursing health plans and health providers: selection versus efficiency in production J Econ Lit 34 1996 1263
99. EH Bradley, LA Curry, S Ramanadhan, L Rowe, IM Nembhard, HM Krumholz Research in action: using positive deviance to improve quality of health care Implement Sci 4 2009 25
100. FS Collins, H Varmus A new initiative on precision medicine N Engl J Med 372 2015 793 795
101. Committee on the Learning Health Care System in America Institute of Medicine Best care at lower cost: the path to continuously learning health care in America 2013 National Academies Press Washington, DC
102. L Wang, Y Wang, S Jin et al. Emergence and control of infectious diseases in China Lancet 372 2008 1598 1605
103. S Tang, Q Meng, L Chen, H Bekedam, T Evans, M Whitehead Tackling the challenges to health equity in China Lancet 372 2008 1493 1501