The Time Variable in Data Fusion: A Change Detection Perspective

IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine

Volumn 3, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 8-26

  Bovolo, Francesca ^a   Bruzzone, Lorenzo ^b  

^a FONDAZIONE BRUNO KESSLER   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TRENTO   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHANGE DETECTION; IMAGE ANALYSIS; OPTICAL DATA PROCESSING; OPTICAL REMOTE SENSING;

CHANGE DETECTION; DETECTION OF CHANGES; FUSION CONCEPT; LAND COVER; MULTI-TEMPORAL; MULTI-TEMPORAL REMOTE SENSING; MULTITEMPORAL IMAGE ANALYSIS; REMOTE SENSING IMAGE PROCESSING; TIME VARIABLE;

IMAGE FUSION;

COMPARATIVE STUDY; DATA ASSIMILATION; DATA INTERPRETATION; IMAGE ANALYSIS; LAND COVER; LITERATURE REVIEW; REMOTE SENSING; SPATIAL RESOLUTION; SUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION; SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR; TIME SERIES ANALYSIS; UNSUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION;

EID: 84943795616     PISSN: 24732397     EISSN: 21686831     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/MGRS.2015.2443494     Document Type: Article

References (145)

1. A. Singh, "Digital change detection techniques using remotelysensed data, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 989-1003, 1989.
2. Y. Bazi, L. Bruzzone, and F. Melgani, "An unsupervised approach based on the generalized Gaussian model to automatic change detection in multitemporal SAR images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 874-887, 2005.
3. J. R. G. Townshend and C. O. Justice, "Spatial variability of images and the monitoring of changes in the normalized difference vegetation index, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 2187-2195, 1995.
4. T. Fung and E. LeDrew, "Application of principal component analysis to change detection, " Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., vol. 53, no. 12, pp. 1649-1658, 1987.
5. P. S. Chavez, Jr., and D. J. MacKinnon, "Automatic detection of vegetation changes in the south-western United States using remotely sensed images, " Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 571-583, 1994.
6. T. Fung, "An assessment of TM imagery for land-cover change detection, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 681-684, 1990.
7. D. M. Muchoney and B. N. Haack, "Change detection for monitoring forest defoliation, " Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens., vol. 60, no. 10, pp. 1243-1251, 1994.
8. S. Quegan, T. L. Toan, J. J. Yu, F. Ribbes, and N. Floury, "Multitemporal ERS SAR analysis applied to forest mapping, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 741-753, 2000.
9. W. Dierking and H. Skriver, "Change detection for thematic mapping by means of airborne multitemporal polarimetric SAR imagery, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 618-636, 2002.
10. K. Grover, S. Quegan, and C. da Costa Freitas, "Quantitative estimation of tropical forest cover by SAR, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 479-490, 1999.
11. J. G. Liu, A. Black, H. Lee, H. Hanaizumi, and J. M. Moore, "Land surface change detection in a desert area in Algeria using multitemporal ERS SAR coherence images, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 22, no. 13, pp. 2463-2477, 2001.
12. P. Lombardo and T. M. Pellizzeri, "Maximum likelihood signal processing techniques to detect a step pattern of change in multitemporal SAR images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 853-870, 2002.
13. R. G. White and C. J. Oliver, "Change detection in SAR imagery, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Radar Conf., 1990, pp. 217-222.
14. F. Bovolo and L. Bruzzone, "An adaptive technique based on similarity measures for change detection in very high resolution SAR images, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Geoscience Remote Sensing Symp., 2008, vol. 3, pp. 158-161.
15. J. Inglada and G. Mercier, "A new statistical similarity measure for change detection in multitemporal SAR images and its extension to multiscale change analysis, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 1432-1445, 2007.
16. S. K. Pal, "Fuzzy image processing and recognition, " Int. J. Image Graph., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 169-195, 2001.
17. S. K. Pal, A. Ghosh, and B. U. Shankar, "Segmentation of remotely sensed images with fuzzy thresholding, and quantitative evaluation, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 2269-2300, 2000.
18. C. Carincotte, S. Derrode, and S. Bourennane, "Unsupervised change detection on SAR images using fuzzy hidden Markov chains, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 432-440, 2006.
19. S. di Zenzo, L. Cinque, S. Levialdi, "Image thresholding using fuzzy entropies, " IEEE Trans. Syst. Man, Cybern. B, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 15-23, 1998.
20. F. Bovolo and L. Bruzzone, "A detail-preserving scale-driven approach to change detection in multitemporal SAR images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 2963-2972, 2005.
21. T. Celik, "Multiscale change detection in multitemporal satellite images, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 820-824, 2009.
22. T. Celik, "A Bayesian approach to unsupervised multiscale change detection in synthetic aperture radar images, " Signal Process., vol. 90, no. 5, pp. 1471-1485, 2010.
23. G. Moser, E. Angiati, and S. B. Serpico, "Multiscale unsupervised change detection on optical images by Markov random fields and wavelets, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 725-729, 2011.
24. T. Celik and K.-K. Ma, "Unsupervised change detection for satellite images using dual-tree complex wavelet transform, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 1199-1210, 2009.
25. T. Celik and K.-K. Ma, "Multitemporal image change detection using undecimated discrete wavelet transform and active contours, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 706-716, 2011.
26. M. Gong, Z. Zhou, and J. Ma, "Change detection in synthetic aperture radar images based on image fusion and fuzzy clustering, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 2141-2152, 2012.
27. J. Ma, M. Gong, and Z. Zhou, "Wavelet fusion on ratio images for change detection in SAR images, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1122-1126, 2012.
28. S. Cui and M. Datcu, "Statistical wavelet subband modeling for multi-temporal SAR change detection, " IEEE J. Select. Topics Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sensing, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1095-1108, 2012.
29. F. Bovolo, "A multilevel parcel-based approach to change detection in very high resolution multitemporal images, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 33-37, 2009.
30. S. Li, L. Fang, and H. Yin, "Multitemporal image change detection using a detail-enhancing approach with nonsubsampled contourlet transform, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 836-840, 2012.
31. B. Hou, Q. Wei, Y. Zheng, and S. Wang, "Unsupervised change detection in SAR image based on Gauss-log ratio image fusion and compressed projection, " IEEE J. Select. Topics Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sensing, vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 3297-3317, 2014.
32. Y. Bazi, F. Melgani, and H. D. Al-Sharari, "Unsupervised change detection in multispectral remotely sensed imagery with level set methods, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 48, no. 8, pp. 3178-3187, 2010.
33. F. Bovolo and L. Bruzzone, "An adaptive technique based on similarity measures for change detection in very high resolution SAR images, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Geoscience Remote Sensing Symp., 2008, pp. III-158-III-161.
34. G. Mercier, G. Moser, and S. B. Serpico, "Conditional copulas for change detection in heterogeneous remote sensing images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 1428-1441, 2008.
35. N. Falco, M. D. Mura, F. Bovolo, J. A. Benediktsson, and L. Bruzzone, "Change detection in VHR images based on morphological attribute profiles, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 636-640, 2013.
36. M. D. Mura, J. A. Benediktsson, F. Bovolo, and L. Bruzzone, "An unsupervised technique based on morphological filters for change detection in very high resolution images, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 433-437, 2008.
37. L. Huo, X. Feng, C. Huo, Z. Zhou, and C. Pan, "Change field: A new change measure for VHR images, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 1812-1816, 2014.
38. C. Marin, F. Bovolo, and L. Bruzzone, "Building change detection in multitemporal very high resolution SAR images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 2664-2682, 2015.
39. P. Gamba, F. Dell'Acqua, and G. Lisini, "Change detection of multitemporal SAR data in urban areas combining feature-based and pixel-based techniques, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 2820-2827, 2006.
40. F. Bovolo, C. Marin, and L. Bruzzone, "A hierarchical approach to change detection in very high resolution SAR images for surveillance applications, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 51, 4, pp. 2042-2054, 2013.
41. L. Bruzzone and F. Bovolo, "A novel framework for the design of change-detection systems for very-high-resolution remote sensing images, " Proc. IEEE, vol. 101, no. 3, pp. 609-630, 2013.
42. D. Brunner, G. Lemoine, and L. Bruzzone, "Earthquake damage assessment of buildings using VHR optical and SAR imagery, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 2403-2420, 2010.
43. V. Poulain, J. Inglada, M. Spigai, J.-Y. Tourneret, and P. Marthon, "High-resolution optical and SAR image fusion for building database updating, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 2900-2910, 2011.
44. M. N. Klaric, B. C. Claywell, G. J. Scott, N. J. Hudson, O. Sjahputera, Y. Li, S. T. Barratt, J. M. Keller, and C. H. Davis, "GeoCDX: An automated change detection and exploitation system for high-resolution satellite imagery, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 2067-2086, 2013.
45. P. Du, S. Liu, P. Gamba, K. Tan, and J. Xia, "Fusion of difference images for change detection over urban areas, " IEEE J. Select. Topics Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sensing, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1076-1086, 2012.
46. L. Bruzzone and D. F. Prieto, "Automatic analysis of the difference image for unsupervised change detection, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 1170-1182, 2000.
47. F. Bovolo and L. Bruzzone, "A theoretical framework for unsupervised change detection based on change vector analysis in polar domain, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 218-236, 2007.
48. L. Bruzzone and R. Cossu, "Adaptive approach to reducing registration noise effects, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 41, pp. 2455-2465, Nov. 2003.
49. S. Marchesi, F. Bovolo, and L. Bruzzone, "A context-sensitive technique robust to registration noise for change detection in VHR multispectral images, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1877-1889, 2010.
50. F. Bovolo, S. Marchesi, and L. Bruzzone, "A framework for automatic and unsupervised detection of multiple changes in multitemporal images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 2196-2212, 2012.
51. S. Liu, L. Bruzzone, F. Bovolo, and P. Du, "A novel sequential spectral change vector analysis for detecting multiple changes in hyperspectral images, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Geoscience Remote Sensing Symp., 2014, pp. 4656-4659.
52. S. Liu, L. Bruzzone, F. Bovolo, and P. Du, "Hierarchical unsupervised change detection in multitemporal hyperspectral images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 244-260, 2015.
53. S. Liu, L. Bruzzone, F. Bovolo, M. Zanetti, and P. Du, "Sequential spectral change vector analysis for change detection in multitemporal hyperspectral images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 53, no. 8, pp. 4363-4378, 2015.
54. J. Chen, X. Chen, X. Cui, and J. Chen, "Change vector analysis in posterior probability space: A new method for land cover change detection, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 317-321, 2011.
55. L. Bruzzone and D. F. Prieto, "An adaptive semi-parametric and context-based approach to unsupervised change detection in multitemporal remote-sensing images, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 452-446, 2002.
56. A. Nielsen, "The regularized iteratively reweighted MAD method for change detection in multi-and hyperspectral data, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 463-478, 2007.
57. P. R. Marpu, P. Gamba, and M. J. Canty, "Improving change detection results of IR-MAD by eliminating strong changes, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 799-803, 2011.
58. A. A. Nielsen, "Kernel maximum autocorrelation factor and minimum noise fraction transformations, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 612-624, 2011.
59. C. J. Oliver and S. Quegan, Understanding Synthetic Aperture Radar Images. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1998.
60. E. J. M. Rignot and J. J. van Zyl, "Change detection techniques for ERS-1 SAR data, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 896-906, 1993.
61. J. Cihlar, T. J. Pultz, and A. L. Gray, "Change detection with synthetic aperture radar, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 401-414, 1992.
62. R. J. Dekker, "Speckle filtering in satellite SAR change detection imagery, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 1133-1146, 1998.
63. L. Gueguen, P. Soille, and M. Pesaresi, "Change detection based on information measure, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 49, no. 11, pp. 4503-4515, 2011.
64. F. Chatelain, J.-Y. Tourneret, J. Inglada, and A. Ferrari, "Bivariate gamma distributions for image registration and change detection, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 1796-1806, 2007.
65. B. Aiazzi, L. Alparone, S. Baronti, A. Garzelli, and C. Zoppetti, "Nonparametric change detection in multitemporal SAR images based on mean-shift clustering, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 2022-2031, 2013.
66. E. Erten, A. Reigber, L. Ferro-Famil, and O. Hellwich, "A new coherent similarity measure for temporal multichannel scene characterization, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 2839-2851, 2012.
67. M. Meila, "Comparing Clustering by the Variation of Information, " in Proc. 16th Annu. Conf. Computational Learning Theory, 2003, pp. 173-187.
68. L. Gueguen and M. Datcu, "Mixed information measure: Application to change detection in earth observation, " in Proc. 5th Int. Workshop Analysis Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images, 2009.
69. M. Gong, Z. Zhou, and J. Ma, "Change detection in synthetic aperture radar images based on image fusion and fuzzy clustering, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 2141-2151, 2011.
70. W. Dierking and H. Skriver, "Change detection for thematic mapping by means of airborne multitemporal polarimetric SAR imagery, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 618-636, 2002.
71. S. Cloude and E. Pottier, "An entropy based classification scheme for land applications of polarimetric SAR, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 68-78, 1997.
72. J. J. van Zyl, H. A. Zebker, and C. Elachi, "Imaging radar polarization signatures: Theory and observation, " Radio Sci., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 529-543, 1987.
73. R. Touzi, S. Goze, T. L. Toan, A. Lopes, and E. Mougin, "Polarimetric discriminators for SAR images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 973-980, 1992.
74. M. Molinier, J. Laaksonen, and T. Häme, "Detecting man-made structures and changes in satellite imagery with a content-based information retrieval system built on self-organizing maps, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 861-874, 2007.
75. P. Kersten, J. Lee, and T. Ainsworth, "A comparison of change detection statistics in POLSAR images, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Geoscience Remote Sensing Symp., 2005, pp. 4836-4839.
76. K. Conradsen, A. A. Nielsen, J. Schou, and H. Skriver, "A test statistic in the complex Wishart distribution and its application to change detection in polarimetric SAR data, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 4-19, 2003.
77. T. Fung and E. LeDrew, "The determination of optimal threshold levels for change detection using various accuracy indices, " Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sen., vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 1449-1454, 1988.
78. A. P. Dempster, N. M. Laird, and D. B. Rubin, "Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm, " J. Roy. Stat. Soc., vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 1-38, 1977.
79. L. Bruzzone and D. F. Prieto, "A minimum-cost thresholding technique for unsupervised change detection, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 21, no. 18, pp. 3539-3544, 2000.
80. L. Bruzzone and R. Cossu, "Analysis of multitemporal remotesensing images for change detection: Bayesian thresholding approaches, " in Geospatial Pattern Recognition, E. Binaghi, P. A. Brivio, and S. B. Serpico, Eds. Kerala, India: Research Signpost/ Transworld Research, 2002, ch. 15.
81. M. Hao, W. Shi, H. Zhang, and C. Li, "Unsupervised change detection with expectation-maximization-based level set, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 210-214, 2014.
82. Y. Bazi, L. Bruzzone, and F. Melgani, "Automatic identification of the number and values of decision thresholds in the log-ratio image for change detection in SAR images, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 349-353, 2006.
83. G. Moser and S. B. Serpico, "Generalized minimum-error thresholding for unsupervised change detection from SAR amplitude imagery, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 2972-2982, 2006.
84. G. Moser and S. B. Serpico, "Unsupervised change detection from multichannel SAR data by Markovian data fusion, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 2114-2128, 2009.
85. L. Bruzzone and S. B. Serpico, "Detection of changes in remotely-sensed images by the selective use of multi-spectral information, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 18, no. 18, pp. 3883-3888, 1997.
86. N. Otsu, "A threshold selection method from gray-level histogram, " IEEE Trans. Syst. Man, Cybern., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 62-66, 1979.
87. J. Kittler and J. Illingworth, "Minimum error thresholding, " Pattern Recognit., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 41-47, 1986.
88. L. K. Huang and M. J. Wang, "Image thresholding by minimizing the measures of fuzziness, " Pattern Recognit., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 41-51, 1995.
89. F. Melgani, G. Moser, and S. B. Serpico, "Unsupervised change detection methods for remote sensing images, " Opt. Eng., vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 3288-3297, 2002.
90. F. Bovolo, L. Bruzzone, and M. Marconcini, "A novel approach to unsupervised change detection based on a semisupervised SVM and a similarity measure, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 46, no. 7, pp. 2070-2082, 2008.
91. J. Muñoz-Marí, F. Bovolo, L. Gómez-Chova, L. Bruzzone, and G. Camps-Valls, "Semisupervised one-class support vector machines for classification of remote sensing data, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 48, no. 8, pp. 3188-3197, 2010.
92. T. Celik, "Unsupervised Change Detection in satellite images using principal component analysis and k-means clustering, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 772-776, 2009.
93. M. Volpi, D. Tuia, G. Camps-Valls, and M. Kanevski, "Unsupervised change detection with kernels, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1026-1030, 2012.
94. A. Ghosh, B. N. Subudhi, and L. Bruzzone, "Integration of Gibbs Markov random field and hopfield-type neural networks for unsupervised change detection in remotely sensed multitemporal images, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 22, no. 8, pp. 3087-3096, 2013.
95. P. L. Rosin and E. Ioannidis, "Evaluation of global image thresholding for change detection, " Pattern Recognit. Lett., vol. 24, no. 14, pp. 2345-2356, 2003.
96. S. U. Lee, S. Y. Chung, and R. H. Park, "A comparative performance study of several global thresholding techniques for segmentation, " Comput. Vis. Graph. Image Process., vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 171-190, 1990.
97. L. Bruzzone and D. F. Prieto, "An adaptive parcel-based technique for unsupervised change detection, " Int. J. Remote. Sens., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 817-822, 2000.
98. S. Ghosh, L. Bruzzone, S. Patra, F. Bovolo, and A. Ghosh, "A context-sensitive technique for unsupervised change detection based on hopfield-type neural networks, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 778-789, 2007.
99. F. Dell'Acqua, P. Gamba, and G. Lisini, "Co-registration of multiangle fine spatial resolution SAR images, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 237-241, 2004.
100. A. D. Ventura, A. Rampini, and R. Schettini, "Image Registration by recognition of corresponding structures, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 305-314, 1990.
101. H. Li, B. S. Manjunath, and S. K. Mitra, "A contour based approach to multisensor image registration, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 320-334, 1995.
102. F. Dell'Acqua, P. Gamba, and G. Lisini, "Change detection of multi-temporal SAR data in urban areas combining featurebased and pixel-based techniques, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 2820-2827, 2006.
103. G. R. Byrne, P. F. Crapper, and K. K. Mayo, "Monitoring land cover changes by principal components analysis of multitemporal landsat data, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 175-184, 1980.
104. J. A. Richards, "Thematic mapping from multitemporal image data using principal components transformation, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 35-46, 1984.
105. J. A. Richards and A. K. Milne, "Mapping fire burns and vegetation regeneration using principal components analysis, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Geoscience Remote Sensing Symp., 1983.
106. J. B. Collins and C. E. Woodcock, "Change detection using the Gram-Schmidt transformation applied to mapping forest mortality, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 267-279, 1994.
107. A. A. Nielsen and K. Conradsen, "Multivariate alteration detection (MAD) in multispectral, bitemporal image data: A new approach to change detection studies, " Dept. Math. Modelling, Tech. Univ. Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark, IMM, Tech. Rep. 1997-11, 1997.
108. A. A. Nielsen, K. Conradsen, and J. J. Simpson, "Multivariate alteration detection (MAD) and MAF postprocessing in multispectral, bitemporal image data: New approaches to change detection studies, " Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 1-19, 1998.
109. L. Bruzzone and D. F. Prieto, "Unsupervised change detection in multisource and multisensor remote sensing images, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Geoscience Remote Sensing Symp., 2000, vol. 6, pp. 2441-2443.
110. B. Jeon and D. A. Landgrebe, "Classification with spatio-temporal interpixel class dependency contexts, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 663-672, 1992.
111. A. H. S. Solberg, T. Taxt, and A. K. Jain, "A Markov random field model for classification of multisource satellite imagery, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 100-113, 1996.
112. L. Bruzzone and D. F. Prieto, "Unsupervised retraining of a maximum-likelihood classifier for the analysis of multi-temporal remote-sensing images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 456-460, 2001.
113. L. Bruzzone and S. B. Serpico, "An iterative technique for the detection of land-cover transitions in multitemporal remotesensing images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 858-867, 1997.
114. L. Bruzzone, D. F. Prieto, and S. B. Serpico, "A neural-statistical approach to multitemporal and multisource remote-sensing image classification, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 1350-1359, 1999.
115. M. Cebrian, M. Alfonseca, and A. Ortega, "The normalized compression distance is resistant to noise, " IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 1895-1900, 2007.
116. B. Kosko, Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1992.
117. V. N. Vapnik, The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1995.
118. N. Cristianini and J. Shawe-Taylor, An Introduction to Support Vector Machines. Cambridge, U. K. : Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000.
119. P. J. Howarth and G. M. Wickware, "Procedure for change detection using Landsat, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 277-291, 1981.
120. F. G. Hall, D. B. Botkin, D. E. Strebel, K. D. Woods, and S. J. Goetz, "Large scale patterns of forest succession as determined by remote sensing, " Ecology, vol. 72, no. 2, pp. 628-640, 1991.
121. R. A. Schowengerdt, Techniques for Image Processing and Classification in Remote Sensing. New York: Academic Press, 1983.
122. L. Bruzzone, R. Cossu, and G. Vernazza, "Detection of landcover transitions by combining multidate classifiers, " Pattern Recognit. Lett., vol. 25, no. 13, pp. 1491-1500, 2004.
123. D. F. Prieto and O. Arino, "A partially supervised change detection technique, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Geoscience Remote Sensing Symp., 2001, vol. 2, pp. 858-860.
124. R. Cossu, S. Chaudhuri, and L. Bruzzone, "A spatial-contextual partially supervised classifier based on Markov random fields, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 2, pp. 352-356, 2005.
125. T. Häme, I. Heiler, and J. S. Miguel-Ayanz, "An unsupervised change detection and recognition system for forestry, " Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 1079-1099, 1998.
126. T. M. Pellizzeri, P. Lombardo, P. Gamba, and F. Dell'Acqua, "Multisource urban classification: Joint processing of optical and SAR data for land cover mapping, " in Proc. IEEE Int. Geoscience Remote Sensing Symp., 2003, vol. 2, pp. 1044-1046.
127. P. C. Smits and A. Annoni, "Updating land-cover maps by using texture information from very high-resolution space-borne imagery, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 1244-1254, 1999.
128. F. Ling, W. Li, Y. Du, and X. Li, "Land cover change mapping at the subpixel scale with different spatial-resolution remotely sensed imagery, " IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 182-186, 2011.
129. F. Pacifici, F. del Frate, C. Solimini, and W. J. Emery, "An innovative neural-net method to detect temporal changes in highresolution optical satellite imagery, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 45, no. 9, pp. 2940-2952, 2007.
130. P. Serra, X. Ponsab, and D. Sauría, "Post-classification change detection with data from different sensors: Some accuracy considerations, " Int. J. Remote Sensing, vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 3311-3340, 2003.
131. P. Kempeneers, F. Sedano, P. Strobl, D. O. McInerney, and J. San-Miguel-Ayanz, "Increasing robustness of post-classification change detection using time series of land cover maps, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 50, no. 9, pp. 3327-3338, 2012.
132. M. Volpi, D. Tuia, F. Bovolo, M. Kanevski, and L. Bruzzone, "Supervised change detection in VHR images using contextual information and support vector machines, " Int. J. Appl. Earth Observ. Geoinform., vol. 20, pp. 77-85, Feb. 2013.
133. B. Demir, F. Bovolo, and L. Bruzzone, "Classification of time series of multispectral images with limited training data, " IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 22, no. 8, pp. 3219-3233, 2013.
134. B. Demir, F. Bovolo, and L. Bruzzone, "Detection of land-cover transitions in multitemporal remote sensing images with activelearning-based compound classification, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 1930-1941, 2012.
135. B. Demir, F. Bovolo, and L. Bruzzone, "Updating land-cover maps by classification of image time series: A novel changedetection-driven transfer learning approach, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 300-312, 2013.
136. L. Bruzzone and P. C. Smits, Eds., Proceedings First International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote-Sensing Images. Singapore: World Scientific, 2002.
137. P. C. Smits and L. Bruzzone, Eds., Proceedings Second International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote-Sensing Images. Singapore: World Scientific, 2004.
138. R. L. King and N. H. Younan, Eds., Proceedings Third International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote-Sensing Images. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2005.
139. G. J. M. de Lannoy, R. Hoeben, N. E. C. Verhoest, W. W. Verstraeten, S. Bruneel, and P. Coppin, Eds., Proceedings Fourth International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote-Sensing Images. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2007.
140. D. L. Civco, Ed., Proceedings Fifth International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote-Sensing Images. Red Hook, NY: Curran Associate, 2011.
141. L. Bruzzone and F. Bovolo, Eds., Proceedings Sixth International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote-Sensing Images. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2011.
142. M. Hall-Beyer and G. McDermid, Eds., Proceedings Seventh International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote-Sensing Images. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2013.
143. L. Bruzzone, P. C. Smits, J. C. Tilton, Eds., "Special issue on analysis of multitemporal remote sensing images, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 41, no. 11, pp. 2419-2422, 2003.
144. R. S. Lunetta, D. L. Civco, R. L. King, L. Bruzzone, and J. G. Lyon, Eds., "Special issue on multi-temporal imagery analysis: Methods and applications for earth observation, " IEEE J. Select. Topics Appl. Remote Sensing, vol. 4, 2011.
145. F. Bovolo, L. Bruzzone, and R. L. King, Eds., "Special issue on analysis of multitemporal remote sensing data, " IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 1867-1869, 2013.