Adult bone marrow cell therapy for ischemic heart disease: Evidence and insights from randomized controlled trials

Circulation Research

Volumn 117, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 558-575

  Afzal, Muhammad R ^a   Samanta, Anweshan ^a   Shah, Zubair I ^a   Jeevanantham, Vinodh ^b   Abdel Latif, Ahmed ^c   Zuba Surma, Ewa K ^d   Dawn, Buddhadeb ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b Heart and Vascular Specialists of Oklahoma   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

^d JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY   (Poland)

Author keywords

bone marrow mononuclear cells; meta analysis; myocardial infarction; myocardial ischemia; stem cells

Indexed keywords

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ARTICLE; BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CELL COUNT; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; FOLLOW UP; HEART CATHETERIZATION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE ENDDIASTOLIC VOLUME; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE ENDSYSTOLIC VOLUME; HEART VENTRICLE ARRHYTHMIA; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; META ANALYSIS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RIGOR; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY; STUDY DESIGN; SURVIVAL; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; ADULT; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; PROCEDURES; TRENDS;

ADULT; BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HUMANS; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 84940529193     PISSN: 00097330     EISSN: 15244571     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.304792     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Rosenzweig A, Cardiac cell therapy-mixed results from mixed cells. N Engl J Med 2006 355 1274 1277. doi: 10.1056/NEJMe068172
2. Abdel-Latif A, Bolli R, Tleyjeh IM, Montori VM, Perin EC, Hornung CA, Zuba-Surma EK, Al-Mallah M, Dawn B, Adult bone marrow-derived cells for cardiac repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2007 167 989 997. doi: 10.1001/archinte.167.10.989
3. Martin-Rendon E, Brunskill SJ, Hyde CJ, Stanworth SJ, Mathur A, Watt SM, Autologous bone marrow stem cells to treat acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review. Eur Heart J 2008 29 1807 1818. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn220
4. Jeevanantham V, Butler M, Saad A, Abdel-Latif A, Zuba-Surma EK, Dawn B, Adult marrow cell therapy improves survival and induces long-term improvement in cardiac parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circulation 2012 126 551 568. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.086074
5. Lunde K, Solheim S, Aakhus S, Intracoronary injection of mononuclear bone marrow cells in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2006 355 1199 1209. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa055706
6. Traverse JH, Henry TD, Pepine CJ, Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network (CCTRN) Effect of the use and timing of bone marrow mononuclear cell delivery on left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction: the TIME randomized trial. JAMA 2012 308 2380 2389. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.28726
7. Clifford DM, Fisher SA, Brunskill SJ, Doree C, Mathur A, Watt S, Martin-Rendon E, Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 2 CD006536. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006536.pub3
8. Nowbar AN, Mielewczik M, Karavassilis M, Dehbi HM, Shun-Shin MJ, Jones S, Howard JP, Cole GD, Francis DP, DAMASCENE Writing Group Discrepancies in autologous bone marrow stem cell trials and enhancement of ejection fraction (DAMASCENE): weighted regression and meta-analysis. BMJ 2014 348 g2688
9. Heldman AW, DiFede DL, Fishman JE, Transendocardial mesenchymal stem cells and mononuclear bone marrow cells for ischemic cardiomyopathy: the TAC-HFT randomized trial. JAMA 2014 311 62 73. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.282909
10. Meyer GP, Wollert KC, Lotz J, Steffens J, Lippolt P, Fichtner S, Hecker H, Schaefer A, Arseniev L, Hertenstein B, Ganser A, Drexler H, Intracoronary bone marrow cell transfer after myocardial infarction: eighteen months' follow-up data from the randomized, controlled BOOST (BOne marrOw transfer to enhance ST-elevation infarct regeneration) trial. Circulation 2006 113 1287 1294. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.575118
11. Huikuri HV, Kervinen K, Niemelä M, Ylitalo K, Säily M, Koistinen P, Savolainen ER, Ukkonen H, Pietilä M, Airaksinen JK, Knuuti J, Mäkikallio TH, FINCELL Investigators Effects of intracoronary injection of mononuclear bone marrow cells on left ventricular function, arrhythmia risk profile, and restenosis after thrombolytic therapy of acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2008 29 2723 2732. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn436
12. Zhao Q, Sun Y, Xia L, Chen A, Wang Z, Randomized study of mononuclear bone marrow cell transplantation in patients with coronary surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2008 86 1833 1840. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.08.068
13. Traverse JH, McKenna DH, Harvey K, Jorgenso BC, Olson RE, Bostrom N, Kadidlo D, Lesser JR, Jagadeesan V, Garberich R, Henry TD, Results of a phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of bone marrow mononuclear stem cell administration in patients following ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 2010 160 428 434. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2010.06.009
14. Colombo A, Castellani M, Piccaluga E, Myocardial blood flow and infarct size after CD133+ cell injection in large myocardial infarction with good recanalization and poor reperfusion: results from a randomized controlled trial. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2011 12 239 248. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0b013e328343d708
15. Srimahachota S, Boonyaratavej S, Rerkpattanapipat P, Wangsupachart S, Tumkosit M, Bunworasate U, Nakorn TN, Intragumtornchai T, Kupatawintu P, Pongam S, Saengsiri AO, Pothisri M, Sukseri Y, Bunprasert T, Suithichaiyakul T, Intra-coronary bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a randomized controlled study. J Med Assoc Thai 2011 94 657 663
16. Piepoli MF, Vallisa D, Arbasi C, Cavanna L, Cerri L, Mori M, Passerini F, Tommasi L, Rossi A, Capucci A, Cardiac Study Group Two year follow-up results of the CARDIAC (CARDIomyoplasty by Autologous intraCoronary bone marrow in acute myocardial infarction) randomised controlled trial. Int J Cardiol 2013 168 e132. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.032
17. Plewka M, Krzemińska-Pakuła M, Peruga JZ, Lipiec P, Kurpesa M, Wierzbowska-Drabik K, Korycka-Wołowiec A, Kasprzak JD, The effects of intracoronary delivery of mononuclear bone marrow cells in patients with myocardial infarction: a two year follow-up results. Kardiol Pol 2011 69 1234 1240
18. Wöhrle J, von Scheidt F, Schauwecker P, Wiesneth M, Markovic S, Schrezenmeier H, Hombach V, Rottbauer W, Bernhardt P, Impact of cell number and microvascular obstruction in patients with bone-marrow derived cell therapy: final results from the randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled intracoronary Stem Cell therapy in patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (SCAMI) trial. Clin Res Cardiol 2013 102 765 770. doi: 10.1007/s00392-013-0595-9
19. Ang KL, Chin D, Leyva F, Foley P, Kubal C, Chalil S, Srinivasan L, Bernhardt L, Stevens S, Shenje LT, Galiñanes M, Randomized, controlled trial of intramuscular or intracoronary injection of autologous bone marrow cells into scarred myocardium during CABG versus CABG alone. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 2008 5 663 670. doi: 10.1038/ncpcardio1321
20. Meluzín J, Janousek S, Mayer J, Three-, 6-, and 12-month results of autologous transplantation of mononuclear bone marrow cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2008 128 185 192. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.04.098
21. Meluzín J, Mayer J, Groch L, Autologous transplantation of mononuclear bone marrow cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction: the effect of the dose of transplanted cells on myocardial function. Am Heart J 2006 152 975.e9 975.15. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2006.08.004
22. Silva SA, Sousa AL, Haddad AF, Autologous bone-marrow mononuclear cell transplantation after acute myocardial infarction: comparison of two delivery techniques. Cell Transplant 2009 18 343 352. doi: 10.3727/096368909788534951
23. Yao K, Huang R, Sun A, Qian J, Liu X, Ge L, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Niu Y, Wang Q, Zou Y, Ge J, Repeated autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy in patients with large myocardial infarction. Eur J Heart Fail 2009 11 691 698. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfp062
24. Sürder D, Manka R, Lo Cicero V, Intracoronary injection of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells early or late after acute myocardial infarction: effects on global left ventricular function. Circulation 2013 127 1968 1979. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.001035
25. Jüni P, Altman DG, Egger M, Systematic reviews in health care: assessing the quality of controlled clinical trials. BMJ 2001 323 42 46
26. Hristov M, Heussen N, Schober A, Weber C, Intracoronary infusion of autologous bone marrow cells and left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2006 10 727 733
27. Jeong H, Yim HW, Cho Y, Park HJ, Jeong S, Kim HB, Hong W, Kim H, The effect of rigorous study design in the research of autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell transfer in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013 4 82. doi: 10.1186/scrt233
28. Assmus B, Honold J, Schächinger V, Britten MB, Fischer-Rasokat U, Lehmann R, Teupe C, Pistorius K, Martin H, Abolmaali ND, Tonn T, Dimmeler S, Zeiher AM, Transcoronary transplantation of progenitor cells after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2006 355 1222 1232. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa051779
29. Bartunek J, Behfar A, Dolatabadi D, Cardiopoietic stem cell therapy in heart failure: the C-CURE (Cardiopoietic stem Cell therapy in heart failURE) multicenter randomized trial with lineage-specified biologics. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013 61 2329 2338. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.02.071
30. Cao F, Sun D, Li C, Narsinh K, Zhao L, Li X, Feng X, Zhang J, Duan Y, Wang J, Liu D, Wang H, Long-term myocardial functional improvement after autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells transplantation in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: 4 years follow-up. Eur Heart J 2009 30 1986 1994. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp220
31. Chen SL, Fang WW, Ye F, Liu YH, Qian J, Shan SJ, Zhang JJ, Chunhua RZ, Liao LM, Lin S, Sun JP, Effect on left ventricular function of intracoronary transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2004 94 92 95. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.03.034
32. Gao LR, Pei XT, Ding QA, A critical challenge: dosage-related efficacy and acute complication intracoronary injection of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2013 168 3191 3199. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.04.112
33. Ge J, Li Y, Qian J, Shi J, Wang Q, Niu Y, Fan B, Liu X, Zhang S, Sun A, Zou Y, Efficacy of emergent transcatheter transplantation of stem cells for treatment of acute myocardial infarction (TCT-STAMI). Heart 2006 92 1764 1767. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2005.085431
34. Grajek S, Popiel M, Gil L, Breborowicz P, Lesiak M, Czepczyński R, Sawiński K, Straburzyńska-Migaj E, Araszkiewicz A, Czyz A, Kozłowska-Skrzypczak M, Komarnicki M, Influence of bone marrow stem cells on left ventricle perfusion and ejection fraction in patients with acute myocardial infarction of anterior wall: randomized clinical trial: Impact of bone marrow stem cell intracoronary infusion on improvement of microcirculation. Eur Heart J 2010 31 691 702. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp536
35. Hendrikx M, Hensen K, Clijsters C, Jongen H, Koninckx R, Bijnens E, Ingels M, Jacobs A, Geukens R, Dendale P, Vijgen J, Dilling D, Steels P, Mees U, Rummens JL, Recovery of regional but not global contractile function by the direct intramyocardial autologous bone marrow transplantation: results from a randomized controlled clinical trial. Circulation 2006 114 I101 I107. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.000505
36. Hirsch A, Nijveldt R, van der Vleuten PA, Tijssen JG, van der Giessen WJ, Tio RA, Waltenberger J, ten Berg JM, Doevendans PA, Aengevaeren WR, Zwaginga JJ, Biemond BJ, van Rossum AC, Piek JJ, Zijlstra F, HEBE Investigators Intracoronary infusion of mononuclear cells from bone marrow or peripheral blood compared with standard therapy in patients after acute myocardial infarction treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention: results of the randomized controlled HEBE trial. Eur Heart J 2011 32 1736 1747. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq449
37. Huang RC, Yao K, Zou YZ, Ge L, Qian JY, Yang J, Yang S, Niu YH, Li YL, Zhang YQ, Zhang F, Xu SK, Zhang SH, Sun AJ, Ge JB, Long term follow-up on emergent intracoronary autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation for acute inferior-wall myocardial infarction. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2006 86 1107 1110
38. Janssens S, Dubois C, Bogaert J, Autologous bone marrow-derived stem-cell transfer in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2006 367 113 121. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67861-0
39. Jazi SM, Esfahani MH, Fesharaki M, Moulavi F, Gharipour M, Initial clinical outcomes of intracoronary infusion of autologous progenitor cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction. ARYA Atheroscler 2012 7 162 167
40. Lipiec P, Krzemińska-Pakuła M, Plewka M, Kus̈mierek J, Płachcińska A, Szumiński R, Robak T, Korycka A, Kasprzak JD, Impact of intracoronary injection of mononuclear bone marrow cells in acute myocardial infarction on left ventricular perfusion and function: a 6-month follow-up gated 99mTc-MIBI single-photon emission computed tomography study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2009 36 587 593. doi: 10.1007/s00259-008-0988-6
41. Lu M, Liu S, Zheng Z, Yin G, Song L, Chen H, Chen X, Chen Q, Jiang S, Tian L, He Z, Hu S, Zhao S, A pilot trial of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation through grafting artery: a sub-study focused on segmental left ventricular function recovery and scar reduction. Int J Cardiol 2013 168 2221 2227. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.217
42. Lunde K, Solheim S, Forfang K, Arnesen H, Brinch L, Bjørnerheim R, Ragnarsson A, Egeland T, Endresen K, Ilebekk A, Mangschau A, Aakhus S, Anterior myocardial infarction with acute percutaneous coronary intervention and intracoronary injection of autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells: safety, clinical outcome, and serial changes in left ventricular function during 12-months' follow-up. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008 51 674 676. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.10.032
43. Maureira P, Tran N, Djaballah W, Angioï M, Bensoussan D, Didot N, Fay R, Sadoul N, Villemot JP, Marie PY, Residual viability is a predictor of the perfusion enhancement obtained with the cell therapy of chronic myocardial infarction: a pilot multimodal imaging study. Clin Nucl Med 2012 37 738 742. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0b013e318251e38a
44. Meyer GP, Wollert KC, Lotz J, Pirr J, Rager U, Lippolt P, Hahn A, Fichtner S, Schaefer A, Arseniev L, Ganser A, Drexler H, Intracoronary bone marrow cell transfer after myocardial infarction: 5-year follow-up from the randomized-controlled BOOST trial. Eur Heart J 2009 30 2978 2984. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp374
45. Nogueira FB, Silva SA, Haddad AF, Peixoto CM, Carvalho RM, Tuche FA, Soares VE, Sousa AL, Rabischoffsky A, Mesquita CT, Borojevic R, Dohmann HF, Systolic function of patients with myocardial infarction undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation. Arq Bras Cardiol 2009 93 374 9, 367
46. Penicka M, Horak J, Kobylka P, Pytlik R, Kozak T, Belohlavek O, Lang O, Skalicka H, Simek S, Palecek T, Linhart A, Aschermann M, Widimsky P, Intracoronary injection of autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells in patients with large anterior acute myocardial infarction: a prematurely terminated randomized study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007 49 2373 2374. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.04.009
47. Perin EC, Silva GV, Henry TD, A randomized study of transendocardial injection of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells and cell function analysis in ischemic heart failure (FOCUS-HF). Am Heart J 2011 161 1078 87.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2011.01.028
48. Perin EC, Silva GV, Zheng Y, Gahremanpour A, Canales J, Patel D, Fernandes MR, Keller LH, Quan X, Coulter SA, Moore WH, Herlihy JP, Willerson JT, Randomized, double-blind pilot study of transendocardial injection of autologous aldehyde dehydrogenase-bright stem cells in patients with ischemic heart failure. Am Heart J 2012 163 415 21, 421.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2011.11.020
49. Perin EC, Willerson JT, Pepine CJ, Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network (CCTRN) Effect of transendocardial delivery of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells on functional capacity, left ventricular function, and perfusion in chronic heart failure: the FOCUS-CCTRN trial. JAMA 2012 307 1717 1726. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.418
50. Pokushalov E, Romanov A, Chernyavsky A, Larionov P, Terekhov I, Artyomenko S, Poveshenko O, Kliver E, Shirokova N, Karaskov A, Dib N, Efficiency of intramyocardial injections of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells in patients with ischemic heart failure: a randomized study. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2010 3 160 168. doi: 10.1007/s12265-009-9123-8
51. Quyyumi AA, Waller EK, Murrow J, CD34(+) cell infusion after ST elevation myocardial infarction is associated with improved perfusion and is dose dependent. Am Heart J 2011 161 98 105. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2010.09.025
52. van Ramshorst J, Antoni ML, Beeres SL, Intramyocardial bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell injection for chronic myocardial ischemia: the effect on diastolic function. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2011 4 122 129. doi: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.110.957548
53. Roncalli J, Mouquet F, Piot C, Intracoronary autologous mononucleated bone marrow cell infusion for acute myocardial infarction: results of the randomized multicenter BONAMI trial. Eur Heart J 2011 32 1748 1757. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq455
54. Ruan W, Pan CZ, Huang GQ, Li YL, Ge JB, Shu XH, Assessment of left ventricular segmental function after autologous bone marrow stem cells transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction by tissue tracking and strain imaging. Chin Med J (Engl) 2005 118 1175 1181
55. Schächinger V, Erbs S, Elsässer A, Haberbosch W, Hambrecht R, Hölschermann H, Yu J, Corti R, Mathey DG, Hamm CW, Süselbeck T, Assmus B, Tonn T, Dimmeler S, Zeiher AM, REPAIR-AMI Investigators Intracoronary bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2006 355 1210 1221. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa060186
56. Schächinger V, Erbs S, Elsässer A, REPAIR-AMI Investigators Improved clinical outcome after intracoronary administration of bone-marrow-derived progenitor cells in acute myocardial infarction: final 1-year results of the REPAIR-AMI trial. Eur Heart J 2006 27 2775 2783. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl388
57. Suarez de Lezo J, Herrera C, Pan M, Romero M, Pavlovic D, Segura J, Sanchez J, Ojeda S, Torres A, Regenerative therapy in patients with a revascularized acute anterior myocardial infarction and depressed ventricular function. Rev Esp Cardiol 2007 60 357 365
58. Traverse JH, Henry TD, Pepine CJ, Willerson JT, Ellis SG, One-year follow-up of intracoronary stem cell delivery on left ventricular function following ST-elevation myocardial infarction. JAMA 2014 311 301 302. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.282674
59. Traverse JH, Henry TD, Ellis SG, Cardiovascular Cell Therapy ResearchNetwork Effect of intracoronary delivery of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells 2 to 3 weeks following acute myocardial infarction on left ventricular function: the LateTIME randomized trial. JAMA 2011 306 2110 2119. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.1670
60. Tse HF, Thambar S, Kwong YL, Prospective randomized trial of direct endomyocardial implantation of bone marrow cells for treatment of severe coronary artery diseases (PROTECT-CAD trial). Eur Heart J 2007 28 2998 3005. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm485
61. Turan RG, Bozdag-T I, Ortak J, Improved functional activity of bone marrow derived circulating progenitor cells after intra coronary freshly isolated bone marrow cells transplantation in patients with ischemic heart disease. Stem Cell Rev 2011 7 646 656. doi: 10.1007/s12015-010-9220-8
62. Turan RG, Bozdag-T I, Turan CH, Enhanced mobilization of the bone marrow-derived circulating progenitor cells by intracoronary freshly isolated bone marrow cells transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2012 16 852 864. doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01358.x
63. Yao K, Huang R, Qian J, Cui J, Ge L, Li Y, Zhang F, Shi H, Huang D, Zhang S, Sun A, Zou Y, Ge J, Administration of intracoronary bone marrow mononuclear cells on chronic myocardial infarction improves diastolic function. Heart 2008 94 1147 1153. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2007.137919
64. de Jong R, Houtgraaf JH, Samiei S, Boersma E, Duckers HJ, Intracoronary stem cell infusion after acute myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis and update on clinical trials. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2014 7 156 167. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.113.001009
65. Reffelmann T, Könemann S, Kloner RA, Promise of blood- and bone marrow-derived stem cell transplantation for functional cardiac repair: putting it in perspective with existing therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009 53 305 308. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.10.018
66. O'Connor CM, Hathaway WR, Bates ER, Leimberger JD, Sigmon KN, Kereiakes DJ, George BS, Samaha JK, Abbottsmith CW, Candela RJ, Topol EJ, Califf RM, Clinical characteristics and long-term outcome of patients in whom congestive heart failure develops after thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: development of a predictive model. Am Heart J 1997 133 663 673
67. Seeger FH, Tonn T, Krzossok N, Zeiher AM, Dimmeler S, Cell isolation procedures matter: a comparison of different isolation protocols of bone marrow mononuclear cells used for cell therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2007 28 766 772. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl509
68. Dawn B, Bolli R, Bone marrow for cardiac repair: the importance of characterizing the phenotype and function of injected cells. Eur Heart J 2007 28 651 652. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm009
69. Moyé L, DAMASCENE and Meta-Ecological Research: A Bridge Too Far. Circ Res 2014 115 484 487. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.304767
70. Beitnes JO, Hopp E, Lunde K, Solheim S, Arnesen H, Brinchmann JE, Forfang K, Aakhus S, Long-term results after intracoronary injection of autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells in acute myocardial infarction: the ASTAMI randomised, controlled study. Heart 2009 95 1983 1989. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2009.178913
71. Wollert KC, Meyer GP, Lotz J, Ringes-Lichtenberg S, Lippolt P, Breidenbach C, Fichtner S, Korte T, Hornig B, Messinger D, Arseniev L, Hertenstein B, Ganser A, Drexler H, Intracoronary autologous bone-marrow cell transfer after myocardial infarction: the BOOST randomised controlled clinical trial. Lancet 2004 364 141 148. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16626-9
72. Piepoli MF, Vallisa D, Arbasi M, Cavanna L, Cerri L, Mori M, Passerini F, Tommasi L, Rossi A, Capucci A, Cardiac Study Group Bone marrow cell transplantation improves cardiac, autonomic, and functional indexes in acute anterior myocardial infarction patients (Cardiac Study). Eur J Heart Fail 2010 12 172 180. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfp183
73. Plewka M, Krzemińska-Pakuła M, Lipiec P, Peruga JZ, Jezewski T, Kidawa M, Wierzbowska-Drabik K, Korycka A, Robak T, Kasprzak JD, Effect of intracoronary injection of mononuclear bone marrow stem cells on left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2009 104 1336 1342. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.06.057
74. van Ramshorst J, Bax JJ, Beeres SL, Dibbets-Schneider P, Roes SD, Stokkel MP, de Roos A, Fibbe WE, Zwaginga JJ, Boersma E, Schalij MJ, Atsma DE, Intramyocardial bone marrow cell injection for chronic myocardial ischemia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2009 301 1997 2004. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.685
75. Wöhrle J, Merkle N, Mailänder V, Nusser T, Schauwecker P, von Scheidt F, Schwarz K, Bommer M, Wiesneth M, Schrezenmeier H, Hombach V, Results of intracoronary stem cell therapy after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2010 105 804 812. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.10.060