메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 15-28

Assessment of vaginal atrophy: a review

Author keywords

Definition; Diagnosis; Objective; Subjective; Symptoms; Vaginal atrophy

Indexed keywords

ATROPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; PATHOLOGY; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; VAGINA; VAGINAL DISEASES;

EID: 84939892252     PISSN: 09373462     EISSN: 14333023     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00192-014-2464-0     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (103)

References (95)
  • 1
    • 0034658676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment of atrophic vaginitis
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3ps1elug%3D%3D, PID: 10839558
    • Bachmann GA, Nevadunsky NS (2000) Diagnosis and treatment of atrophic vaginitis. Am Fam Physician 61(10):3090–3096
    • (2000) Am Fam Physician , vol.61 , Issue.10 , pp. 3090-3096
    • Bachmann, G.A.1    Nevadunsky, N.S.2
  • 2
    • 51449106068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulvovaginal atrophy is strongly associated with female sexual dysfunction among sexually active postmenopausal women
    • PID: 18698279
    • Levine KB, Williams RE, Hartmann KE (2008) Vulvovaginal atrophy is strongly associated with female sexual dysfunction among sexually active postmenopausal women. Menopause 15(4 Pt 1):661–666
    • (2008) Menopause , vol.15 , Issue.4 Pt 1 , pp. 661-666
    • Levine, K.B.1    Williams, R.E.2    Hartmann, K.E.3
  • 3
    • 77958113067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women’s voices in the menopause: results from an international survey on vaginal atrophy
    • PID: 20828948
    • Nappi RE, Kokot-Kierepa M (2010) Women’s voices in the menopause: results from an international survey on vaginal atrophy. Maturitas 67(3):233–238
    • (2010) Maturitas , vol.67 , Issue.3 , pp. 233-238
    • Nappi, R.E.1    Kokot-Kierepa, M.2
  • 4
    • 68349155731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and impact of vaginal symptoms among postmenopausal women
    • PID: 19493278
    • Santoro N, Komi J (2009) Prevalence and impact of vaginal symptoms among postmenopausal women. J Sex Med 6(8):2133–2142
    • (2009) J Sex Med , vol.6 , Issue.8 , pp. 2133-2142
    • Santoro, N.1    Komi, J.2
  • 5
    • 77957324859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrophic vaginitis
    • PID: 20868405
    • Stika CS (2010) Atrophic vaginitis. Dermatol Ther 23(5):514–522
    • (2010) Dermatol Ther , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 514-522
    • Stika, C.S.1
  • 6
    • 78649278103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for the management of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy
    • Sturdee DW, Panay N, International Menopause Society Writing Group (2010) Recommendations for the management of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy. Climacteric 13(6):509–522
    • (2010) Climacteric , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 509-522
  • 7
    • 74549190931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of local estrogen therapy for urogenital atrophy
    • Archer DF (2010) Efficacy and tolerability of local estrogen therapy for urogenital atrophy. Menopause 17(1):194–203
    • (2010) Menopause , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 194-203
    • Archer, D.F.1
  • 8
    • 0012164128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidance for Industry: Estrogen and estrogen/progestin drug products to treat vasomotor symptoms and vulvar and vaginal atrophy symptoms—recommendations for clinical evaluation
    • US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Guidance for Industry (2003) Estrogen and estrogen/progestin drug products to treat vasomotor symptoms and vulvar and vaginal atrophy symptoms—recommendations for clinical evaluation
    • (2003) Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)
  • 9
    • 84939913882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Health an Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Guidance for Industry (2006) Patient-reported outcome measures: use in medical product development to support labeling claims
    • US Department of Health an Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Guidance for Industry (2006) Patient-reported outcome measures: use in medical product development to support labeling claims
  • 10
    • 70349230773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a methodological PubMed search filter for finding studies on measurement properties of measurement instruments
    • PID: 19711195
    • Terwee CB, Jansma EP, Riphagen II, de Vet HC (2009) Development of a methodological PubMed search filter for finding studies on measurement properties of measurement instruments. Qual Life Res 18(8):1115–1123
    • (2009) Qual Life Res , vol.18 , Issue.8 , pp. 1115-1123
    • Terwee, C.B.1    Jansma, E.P.2    Riphagen, I.I.3    de Vet, H.C.4
  • 11
    • 73349092733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of vaginal estriol and progesterone in postmenopausal women with atrophic vaginitis
    • PID: 19390463
    • Chollet JA, Carter G, Meyn LA, Mermelstein F, Balk JL (2009) Efficacy and safety of vaginal estriol and progesterone in postmenopausal women with atrophic vaginitis. Menopause 16(5):978–983
    • (2009) Menopause , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 978-983
    • Chollet, J.A.1    Carter, G.2    Meyn, L.A.3    Mermelstein, F.4    Balk, J.L.5
  • 13
    • 0023790511 scopus 로고
    • The menopausal syndrome
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL1M%2FhsFGmtg%3D%3D, PID: 3050657
    • Brenner PF (1988) The menopausal syndrome. Obstet Gynecol 72(5 Suppl):6S–11S
    • (1988) Obstet Gynecol , vol.72 , Issue.5 Suppl , pp. 6S-11S
    • Brenner, P.F.1
  • 14
    • 84855357121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic vulvovaginitis in women older than 50 years: analysis of a prospective database
    • Nyirjesy P, Leigh RD, Mathew L, Lev-Sagie A, Culhane JF (2012) Chronic vulvovaginitis in women older than 50 years: analysis of a prospective database. J Low Genit Tract Dis 16(1):24–29
    • (2012) J Low Genit Tract Dis , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-29
    • Nyirjesy, P.1    Leigh, R.D.2    Mathew, L.3    Lev-Sagie, A.4    Culhane, J.F.5
  • 15
    • 0032746925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of a physical examination scale to assess vaginal atrophy and inflammation
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD387nvVOhtg%3D%3D, PID: 11910597
    • Greendale GA, Zibecchi L, Petersen L, Ouslander JG, Kahn B, Ganz PA (1999) Development and validation of a physical examination scale to assess vaginal atrophy and inflammation. Climacteric 2(3):197–204
    • (1999) Climacteric , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 197-204
    • Greendale, G.A.1    Zibecchi, L.2    Petersen, L.3    Ouslander, J.G.4    Kahn, B.5    Ganz, P.A.6
  • 16
    • 37549023420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of low-dose estradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of atrophic vaginitis: a randomized controlled trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtlOrtb4%3D, PID: 18165394
    • Bachmann G, Lobo RA, Gut R, Nachtigall L, Notelovitz M (2008) Efficacy of low-dose estradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of atrophic vaginitis: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 111(1):67–76
    • (2008) Obstet Gynecol , vol.111 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-76
    • Bachmann, G.1    Lobo, R.A.2    Gut, R.3    Nachtigall, L.4    Notelovitz, M.5
  • 18
    • 0033625643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 17beta-estradiol vaginal tablet versus conjugated equine estrogen vaginal cream to relieve menopausal atrophic vaginitis
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3mvFSqtQ%3D%3D, PID: 10810960
    • Rioux JE, Devlin C, Gelfand MM, Steinberg WM, Hepburn DS (2000) 17beta-estradiol vaginal tablet versus conjugated equine estrogen vaginal cream to relieve menopausal atrophic vaginitis. Menopause 7(3):156–161
    • (2000) Menopause , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 156-161
    • Rioux, J.E.1    Devlin, C.2    Gelfand, M.M.3    Steinberg, W.M.4    Hepburn, D.S.5
  • 19
    • 70350468734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal estrogen therapy for the treatment of atrophic vaginitis
    • Lynch C (2009) Vaginal estrogen therapy for the treatment of atrophic vaginitis. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 18(10):1595–1606
    • (2009) J Womens Health (Larchmt) , vol.18 , Issue.10 , pp. 1595-1606
    • Lynch, C.1
  • 20
    • 84870954012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrophic vaginitis: concordance and interpretation of slides in the College of American Pathologists Cervicovaginal Interlaboratory Comparison Program in Gynecologic Cytopathology
    • PID: 23106578
    • Crothers BA, Booth CN, Darragh TM, Means MM, Souers RJ, Thomas N, Moriarty AT (2012) Atrophic vaginitis: concordance and interpretation of slides in the College of American Pathologists Cervicovaginal Interlaboratory Comparison Program in Gynecologic Cytopathology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 136(11):1332–1338
    • (2012) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.136 , Issue.11 , pp. 1332-1338
    • Crothers, B.A.1    Booth, C.N.2    Darragh, T.M.3    Means, M.M.4    Souers, R.J.5    Thomas, N.6    Moriarty, A.T.7
  • 21
    • 0026581946 scopus 로고
    • Post-menopausal atrophy in elderly women: is a vaginal smear necessary for diagnosis?
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK383ks1Sisw%3D%3D, PID: 1575089
    • Capewell AE, McIntyre MA, Elton RA (1992) Post-menopausal atrophy in elderly women: is a vaginal smear necessary for diagnosis? Age Ageing 21(2):117–120
    • (1992) Age Ageing , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-120
    • Capewell, A.E.1    McIntyre, M.A.2    Elton, R.A.3
  • 22
    • 8644253586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of postmenopausal vitamin D treatment on vaginal atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpsVKntbg%3D, PID: 15531130
    • Yildirim B, Kaleli B, Düzcan E, Topuz O (2004) The effects of postmenopausal vitamin D treatment on vaginal atrophy. Maturitas 49(4):334–337
    • (2004) Maturitas , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 334-337
    • Yildirim, B.1    Kaleli, B.2    Düzcan, E.3    Topuz, O.4
  • 23
    • 80355129329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal microbiome and epithelial gene array in post-menopausal women with moderate to severe dryness
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhsFShsr3E, PID: 22073175
    • Hummelen R, Macklaim JM, Bisanz JE, Hammond JA, McMillan A, Vongsa R, Koenig D, Gloor GB, Reid G (2011) Vaginal microbiome and epithelial gene array in post-menopausal women with moderate to severe dryness. PLoS One 6(11):e26602
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , Issue.11 , pp. e26602
    • Hummelen, R.1    Macklaim, J.M.2    Bisanz, J.E.3    Hammond, J.A.4    McMillan, A.5    Vongsa, R.6    Koenig, D.7    Gloor, G.B.8    Reid, G.9
  • 24
    • 11844285742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose, vaginally administered estrogens may enhance local benefits of systemic therapy in the treatment of urogenital atrophy in postmenopausal women on hormone therapy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXkvFahtw%3D%3D, PID: 15653006
    • Palacios S, Castelo-Branco C, Cancelo MJ, Vázquez F (2005) Low-dose, vaginally administered estrogens may enhance local benefits of systemic therapy in the treatment of urogenital atrophy in postmenopausal women on hormone therapy. Maturitas 50(2):98–104
    • (2005) Maturitas , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 98-104
    • Palacios, S.1    Castelo-Branco, C.2    Cancelo, M.J.3    Vázquez, F.4
  • 25
    • 77952270259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ospemifene effectively treats vulvovaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: results from a pivotal phase 3 study
    • PID: 20032798
    • Bachmann GA, Komi JO, Ospemifene Study Group (2010) Ospemifene effectively treats vulvovaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: results from a pivotal phase 3 study. Menopause 17(3):480–486
    • (2010) Menopause , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 480-486
    • Bachmann, G.A.1    Komi, J.O.2    Ospemifene Study Group3
  • 26
    • 0030066602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replens versus dienoestrol cream in the symptomatic treatment of vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xkt1Kms78%3D, PID: 8794418
    • Bygdeman M, Swahn ML (1996) Replens versus dienoestrol cream in the symptomatic treatment of vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 23(3):259–263
    • (1996) Maturitas , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 259-263
    • Bygdeman, M.1    Swahn, M.L.2
  • 29
    • 0034080923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does conventional HRT protect from urogenital atrophy? A prospective study
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2crkt1WhsA%3D%3D, PID: 15512560
    • Rane A, Hassan S, Corstiaans A (2000) Does conventional HRT protect from urogenital atrophy? A prospective study. J Obstet Gynaecol 20(3):306–307
    • (2000) J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 306-307
    • Rane, A.1    Hassan, S.2    Corstiaans, A.3
  • 30
    • 77949370016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, placebo- and active-controlled trial of bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens for treatment of moderate to severe vulvar/vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women
    • PID: 19779382
    • Kagan R, Williams RS, Pan K, Mirkin S, Pickar JH (2010) A randomized, placebo- and active-controlled trial of bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens for treatment of moderate to severe vulvar/vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Menopause 17(2):281–289
    • (2010) Menopause , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 281-289
    • Kagan, R.1    Williams, R.S.2    Pan, K.3    Mirkin, S.4    Pickar, J.H.5
  • 31
    • 58149280795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utian W (2008) Effective treatment of vaginal atrophy with an ultra-low-dose estradiol vaginal tablet. [Erratum appears in Obstet Gynecol
    • Simon J, Nachtigall L, Gut R, Lang E, Archer DF, Utian W (2008) Effective treatment of vaginal atrophy with an ultra-low-dose estradiol vaginal tablet. [Erratum appears in Obstet Gynecol 2008 Dec;112(6):1392]. Obstet Gynecol 112(5):1053–1060
    • (2008) Dec;112(6):1392]. Obstet Gynecol , vol.112 , Issue.5 , pp. 1053-1060
    • Simon, J.1    Nachtigall, L.2    Gut, R.3    Lang, E.4    Archer, D.F.5
  • 32
    • 84859050028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of ultra-low-dose Vagifem (10 mcg)
    • PID: 22163155
    • Chollet JA (2011) Efficacy and safety of ultra-low-dose Vagifem (10 mcg). Patient Prefer Adherence 5:571–574
    • (2011) Patient Prefer Adherence , vol.5 , pp. 571-574
    • Chollet, J.A.1
  • 33
    • 79956065890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of vaginally administered genistein in comparison with hyaluronic acid on atrophic epithelium in postmenopause
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXlvFOisrk%3D, PID: 20577750
    • Le Donne M, Caruso C, Mancuso A, Costa G, Iemmo R, Pizzimenti G, Cavallari V (2011) The effect of vaginally administered genistein in comparison with hyaluronic acid on atrophic epithelium in postmenopause. Arch Gynecol Obstet 283(6):1319–1323
    • (2011) Arch Gynecol Obstet , vol.283 , Issue.6 , pp. 1319-1323
    • Le Donne, M.1    Caruso, C.2    Mancuso, A.3    Costa, G.4    Iemmo, R.5    Pizzimenti, G.6    Cavallari, V.7
  • 34
    • 61949094584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical estrogen therapy in the management of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy: an up-to-date overview
    • Al-Baghdadi O, Ewies AA (2009) Topical estrogen therapy in the management of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy: an up-to-date overview. Climacteric 12(2):91–105
    • (2009) Climacteric , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-105
    • Al-Baghdadi, O.1    Ewies, A.A.2
  • 35
    • 84867009134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The therapeutic effect of a new ultra low concentration estriol gel formulation (0.005 % estriol vaginal gel) on symptoms and signs of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy: results from a pivotal phase III study
    • Cano A, Estévez J, Usandizaga R, Gallo JL, Guinot M, Delgado JL, Castellanos E, Moral E, Nieto C, del Prado JM, Ferrer J (2012) The therapeutic effect of a new ultra low concentration estriol gel formulation (0.005 % estriol vaginal gel) on symptoms and signs of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy: results from a pivotal phase III study. Menopause 19(10):1130–1139
    • (2012) Menopause , vol.19 , Issue.10 , pp. 1130-1139
    • Cano, A.1    Estévez, J.2    Usandizaga, R.3    Gallo, J.L.4    Guinot, M.5    Delgado, J.L.6    Castellanos, E.7    Moral, E.8    Nieto, C.9    del Prado, J.M.10    Ferrer, J.11
  • 36
    • 84875134376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved compliance and patient satisfaction with estradiol vaginal tablets in postmenopausal women previously treated with another local estrogen therapy
    • PID: 23526171
    • Minkin MJ, Maamari R, Reiter S (2013) Improved compliance and patient satisfaction with estradiol vaginal tablets in postmenopausal women previously treated with another local estrogen therapy. Int J Womens Health 5:133–139
    • (2013) Int J Womens Health , vol.5 , pp. 133-139
    • Minkin, M.J.1    Maamari, R.2    Reiter, S.3
  • 37
    • 0030842630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal vaginal atrophy and atrophic vaginitis
    • Pandit L, Ouslander JG (1997) Postmenopausal vaginal atrophy and atrophic vaginitis. Am J Med Sci 314(4):228–231
    • (1997) Am J Med Sci , vol.314 , Issue.4 , pp. 228-231
    • Pandit, L.1    Ouslander, J.G.2
  • 38
    • 0033105020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of a computerized cytomorphometric method to assess the maturation of vaginal epithelial cells
    • PID: 10082300
    • van der Laak JA, Schijf CP, Kerstens HM, Heijnen-Wijnen TH, de Wilde PC, Hanselaar GJ (1999) Development and validation of a computerized cytomorphometric method to assess the maturation of vaginal epithelial cells. Cytometry 35(3):196–202
    • (1999) Cytometry , vol.35 , Issue.3 , pp. 196-202
    • van der Laak, J.A.1    Schijf, C.P.2    Kerstens, H.M.3    Heijnen-Wijnen, T.H.4    de Wilde, P.C.5    Hanselaar, G.J.6
  • 39
    • 0033191273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical application of the vaginal maturation index
    • McEndree B (1999) Clinical application of the vaginal maturation index. Nurse Pract 24(9):48–56
    • (1999) Nurse Pract , vol.24 , Issue.9 , pp. 48-56
    • McEndree, B.1
  • 40
    • 52949143539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of synthetic conjugated estrogens B for the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy in healthy postmenopausal women
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtlSrs77K, PID: 18053998
    • Simon JA, Reape KZ, Wininger S, Hait H (2008) Randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of synthetic conjugated estrogens B for the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy in healthy postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril 90(4):1132–1138
    • (2008) Fertil Steril , vol.90 , Issue.4 , pp. 1132-1138
    • Simon, J.A.1    Reape, K.Z.2    Wininger, S.3    Hait, H.4
  • 41
    • 0031013027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous low dose estradiol released from a vaginal ring versus estriol vaginal cream for urogenital atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXhs12ktA%3D%3D, PID: 9031963
    • Barentsen R, van de Weijer PH, Schram JH (1997) Continuous low dose estradiol released from a vaginal ring versus estriol vaginal cream for urogenital atrophy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 71(1):73–80
    • (1997) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol , vol.71 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-80
    • Barentsen, R.1    van de Weijer, P.H.2    Schram, J.H.3
  • 42
    • 6544294653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local treatment of urogenital atrophy with an estradiol-releasing vaginal ring: a comparative and a placebo-controlled multicenter study. Vaginal Ring Study Group
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1MzlslSkuw%3D%3D, PID: 10430010
    • Casper F, Petri E (1999) Local treatment of urogenital atrophy with an estradiol-releasing vaginal ring: a comparative and a placebo-controlled multicenter study. Vaginal Ring Study Group. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 10(3):171–176
    • (1999) Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 171-176
    • Casper, F.1    Petri, E.2
  • 43
    • 0030060290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A one-year multicenter study of efficacy and safety of a continuous, low-dose, estradiol-releasing vaginal ring (Estring) in postmenopausal women with symptoms and signs of urogenital aging
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xhtlymtrc%3D, PID: 8572039
    • Henriksson L, Stjernquist M, Boquist L, Cedergren I, Selinus I (1996) A one-year multicenter study of efficacy and safety of a continuous, low-dose, estradiol-releasing vaginal ring (Estring) in postmenopausal women with symptoms and signs of urogenital aging. Am J Obstet Gynecol 174(1 Pt 1):85–92
    • (1996) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.174 , Issue.1 Pt 1 , pp. 85-92
    • Henriksson, L.1    Stjernquist, M.2    Boquist, L.3    Cedergren, I.4    Selinus, I.5
  • 44
    • 0141459442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of a novel estradiol vaginal ring for relief of menopausal symptoms
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnvVKru78%3D, PID: 14551014
    • Speroff L (2003) Efficacy and tolerability of a novel estradiol vaginal ring for relief of menopausal symptoms. Obstet Gynecol 102(4):823–834
    • (2003) Obstet Gynecol , vol.102 , Issue.4 , pp. 823-834
    • Speroff, L.1
  • 45
    • 0028149190 scopus 로고
    • A comparative multicenter study of the effects of continuous low-dose estradiol released from a new vaginal ring versus estriol vaginal pessaries in postmenopausal women with symptoms and signs of urogenital atrophy
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2cznvFWjsg%3D%3D, PID: 8092207
    • Henriksson L, Stjernquist M, Boquist L, Alander U, Selinus I (1994) A comparative multicenter study of the effects of continuous low-dose estradiol released from a new vaginal ring versus estriol vaginal pessaries in postmenopausal women with symptoms and signs of urogenital atrophy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 171(3):624–632
    • (1994) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.171 , Issue.3 , pp. 624-632
    • Henriksson, L.1    Stjernquist, M.2    Boquist, L.3    Alander, U.4    Selinus, I.5
  • 46
    • 0029865010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of safety and efficacy of continuous low dose oestradiol released from a vaginal ring compared with conjugated equine oestrogen vaginal cream in the treatment of postmenopausal urogenital atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XislOisrk%3D, PID: 8605133
    • Ayton RA, Darling GM, Murkies AL, Farrell EA, Weisberg E, Selinus I, Fraser ID (1996) A comparative study of safety and efficacy of continuous low dose oestradiol released from a vaginal ring compared with conjugated equine oestrogen vaginal cream in the treatment of postmenopausal urogenital atrophy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 103(4):351–358
    • (1996) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.103 , Issue.4 , pp. 351-358
    • Ayton, R.A.1    Darling, G.M.2    Murkies, A.L.3    Farrell, E.A.4    Weisberg, E.5    Selinus, I.6    Fraser, I.D.7
  • 47
    • 79953205240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal pH-balanced gel for the control of atrophic vaginitis among breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial
    • PID: 21422866
    • Lee YK, Chung HH, Kim JW, Park NH, Song YS, Kang SB (2011) Vaginal pH-balanced gel for the control of atrophic vaginitis among breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 117(4):922–927
    • (2011) Obstet Gynecol , vol.117 , Issue.4 , pp. 922-927
    • Lee, Y.K.1    Chung, H.H.2    Kim, J.W.3    Park, N.H.4    Song, Y.S.5    Kang, S.B.6
  • 48
    • 34547655607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of raloxifene in association with vitamin D on vaginal maturation index and urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal osteoporotic women
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVentb%2FM, PID: 17336964
    • Zeyneloglu HB, Oktem M, Haberal NA, Esinler I, Kuscu E (2007) The effect of raloxifene in association with vitamin D on vaginal maturation index and urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Fertil Steril 88(2):530–532
    • (2007) Fertil Steril , vol.88 , Issue.2 , pp. 530-532
    • Zeyneloglu, H.B.1    Oktem, M.2    Haberal, N.A.3    Esinler, I.4    Kuscu, E.5
  • 49
    • 33745231327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of a new, oral estradiol acetate formulation for relief of menopause symptoms
    • Speroff L, Haney AF, Gilbert RD, Ellman H, Estradiol Acetate Investigator Group (2006) Efficacy of a new, oral estradiol acetate formulation for relief of menopause symptoms. Menopause 13(3):442–450
    • (2006) Menopause , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 442-450
  • 50
    • 27944479627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative controlled trial of a novel oral estrogen therapy, estradiol acetate, for relief of menopause symptoms
    • PID: 16278614
    • Utian WH, Speroff L, Ellman H, Dart C (2005) Comparative controlled trial of a novel oral estrogen therapy, estradiol acetate, for relief of menopause symptoms. Menopause 12(6):708–715
    • (2005) Menopause , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 708-715
    • Utian, W.H.1    Speroff, L.2    Ellman, H.3    Dart, C.4
  • 51
    • 79951727522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The comparison of hyaluronic acid vaginal tablets with estradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of atrophic vaginitis: a randomized controlled trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhs1Giu70%3D, PID: 20135132
    • Ekin M, Yaşar L, Savan K, Temur M, Uhri M, Gencer I, Kivanҫ E (2011) The comparison of hyaluronic acid vaginal tablets with estradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of atrophic vaginitis: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Gynecol Obstet 283(3):539–543
    • (2011) Arch Gynecol Obstet , vol.283 , Issue.3 , pp. 539-543
    • Ekin, M.1    Yaşar, L.2    Savan, K.3    Temur, M.4    Uhri, M.5    Gencer, I.6    Kivanҫ, E.7
  • 52
    • 0038182702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of raloxifene on the efficacy of an estradiol-releasing ring for treating vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women
    • PID: 12544676
    • Pinkerton JV, Shifren JL, La Valleur J, Rosen A, Roesinger M, Siddhanti S (2003) Influence of raloxifene on the efficacy of an estradiol-releasing ring for treating vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Menopause 10(1):45–52
    • (2003) Menopause , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-52
    • Pinkerton, J.V.1    Shifren, J.L.2    La Valleur, J.3    Rosen, A.4    Roesinger, M.5    Siddhanti, S.6
  • 53
    • 0014109952 scopus 로고
    • The maturation value
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaF1c%2FgsVGgtg%3D%3D, PID: 5233434
    • Meisels A (1967) The maturation value. Acta Cytol 11:249
    • (1967) Acta Cytol , vol.11 , pp. 249
    • Meisels, A.1
  • 54
    • 77950794731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of the effects of local estrogen with or without local testosterone on vulvovaginal and sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXksVKgsbc%3D, PID: 20102444
    • Raghunandan C, Agrawal S, Dubey P, Choudhury M, Jain A (2010) A comparative study of the effects of local estrogen with or without local testosterone on vulvovaginal and sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. J Sex Med 7(3):1284–1290
    • (2010) J Sex Med , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 1284-1290
    • Raghunandan, C.1    Agrawal, S.2    Dubey, P.3    Choudhury, M.4    Jain, A.5
  • 55
    • 68449085745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twice-weekly synthetic conjugated estrogens vaginal cream for the treatment of vaginal atrophy
    • PID: 19252451
    • Freedman M, Kaunitz AM, Reape KZ, Hait H, Shu H (2009) Twice-weekly synthetic conjugated estrogens vaginal cream for the treatment of vaginal atrophy. Menopause 16(4):735–741
    • (2009) Menopause , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 735-741
    • Freedman, M.1    Kaunitz, A.M.2    Reape, K.Z.3    Hait, H.4    Shu, H.5
  • 56
    • 33646477284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of a soy-rich diet on urogenital atrophy: a randomized, cross-over trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XktVGhtrs%3D, PID: 16297576
    • Manonai J, Songchitsomboon S, Chanda K, Hong JH, Komindr S (2006) The effect of a soy-rich diet on urogenital atrophy: a randomized, cross-over trial. Maturitas 54(2):135–140
    • (2006) Maturitas , vol.54 , Issue.2 , pp. 135-140
    • Manonai, J.1    Songchitsomboon, S.2    Chanda, K.3    Hong, J.H.4    Komindr, S.5
  • 57
    • 84858082737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose estriol pessaries for the treatment of vaginal atrophy: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial investigating the efficacy of pessaries containing 0.2 mg and 0.03 mg estriol
    • Griesser H, Skonietzki S, Fischer T, Fielder K, Suesskind M (2012) Low dose estriol pessaries for the treatment of vaginal atrophy: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial investigating the efficacy of pessaries containing 0.2 mg and 0.03 mg estriol. Maturitas 71(4):360–368
    • (2012) Maturitas , vol.71 , Issue.4 , pp. 360-368
    • Griesser, H.1    Skonietzki, S.2    Fischer, T.3    Fielder, K.4    Suesskind, M.5
  • 58
    • 33847405256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose of transdermal estradiol gel for treatment of symptomatic postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXjs1Wht78%3D, PID: 17329509
    • Simon JA, Bouchard C, Waldbaum A, Utian W, Zborowski J, Snabes MC (2007) Low dose of transdermal estradiol gel for treatment of symptomatic postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 109(3):588–596
    • (2007) Obstet Gynecol , vol.109 , Issue.3 , pp. 588-596
    • Simon, J.A.1    Bouchard, C.2    Waldbaum, A.3    Utian, W.4    Zborowski, J.5    Snabes, M.C.6
  • 60
    • 84864683643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized clinical trial of the impact of local estrogen on postoperative tissue quality after vaginal reconstructive surgery
    • PID: 22777369
    • Karp DR, Jean-Michel M, Johnston Y, Suciu G, Aguilar VC, Davila GW (2012) A randomized clinical trial of the impact of local estrogen on postoperative tissue quality after vaginal reconstructive surgery. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 18(4):211–215
    • (2012) Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 211-215
    • Karp, D.R.1    Jean-Michel, M.2    Johnston, Y.3    Suciu, G.4    Aguilar, V.C.5    Davila, G.W.6
  • 61
    • 0027406245 scopus 로고
    • Oestradiol-releasing vaginal ring for treatment of postmenopausal urogenital atrophy
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3kslGjtA%3D%3D, PID: 8483427
    • Smith P, Heimer G, Lindskog M, Ulmsten U (1993) Oestradiol-releasing vaginal ring for treatment of postmenopausal urogenital atrophy. Maturitas 16(2):145–154
    • (1993) Maturitas , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 145-154
    • Smith, P.1    Heimer, G.2    Lindskog, M.3    Ulmsten, U.4
  • 62
    • 0028950347 scopus 로고
    • The vaginal epithelium in the postmenopause–cytology, histology and pH as methods of assessment
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3kvV2jsg%3D%3D, PID: 7731384
    • Nilsson K, Risberg B, Heimer G (1995) The vaginal epithelium in the postmenopause–cytology, histology and pH as methods of assessment. Maturitas 21(1):51–56
    • (1995) Maturitas , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-56
    • Nilsson, K.1    Risberg, B.2    Heimer, G.3
  • 63
    • 64149090956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of local 17beta-oestradiol treatment for improving vaginal symptoms associated with post-menopausal oestrogen deficiency
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXktlGksL4%3D, PID: 19215691
    • Yumru AE, Bozkurt M, Inci Coşkun E, Baykan G (2009) The use of local 17beta-oestradiol treatment for improving vaginal symptoms associated with post-menopausal oestrogen deficiency. J Int Med Res 37(1):198–204
    • (2009) J Int Med Res , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 198-204
    • Yumru, A.E.1    Bozkurt, M.2    Inci Coşkun, E.3    Baykan, G.4
  • 64
    • 0018606590 scopus 로고
    • Immunoreactive plasma estrogens and vaginal hormone cytology in postmenopausal women
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL3M%2FisVOmug%3D%3D, PID: 6106569
    • Benjamin F, Deutsch S (1980) Immunoreactive plasma estrogens and vaginal hormone cytology in postmenopausal women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 17(6):546–550
    • (1980) Int J Gynaecol Obstet , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 546-550
    • Benjamin, F.1    Deutsch, S.2
  • 67
    • 84864458446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intravaginal estriol and pelvic floor rehabilitation on urogenital aging in postmenopausal women
    • PID: 21706345
    • Capobianco G, Donolo E, Borghero G, Dessole F, Cherchi PL, Dessole S (2012) Effects of intravaginal estriol and pelvic floor rehabilitation on urogenital aging in postmenopausal women. Arch Gynecol Obstet 285(2):397–403
    • (2012) Arch Gynecol Obstet , vol.285 , Issue.2 , pp. 397-403
    • Capobianco, G.1    Donolo, E.2    Borghero, G.3    Dessole, F.4    Cherchi, P.L.5    Dessole, S.6
  • 70
    • 14944340689 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of endocrinologic condition by exfoliative cytology
    • Gold JJ, (ed), Harper and Row, New York:
    • Wied G, Bibbo M (1975) Evaluation of endocrinologic condition by exfoliative cytology. In: Gold JJ (ed) Textbook of gynaecologic endocrinology. Harper and Row, New York
    • (1975) Textbook of gynaecologic endocrinology
    • Wied, G.1    Bibbo, M.2
  • 71
    • 0027244501 scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing vaginal cytology, pH and bacterial flora in elderly women
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3ot1amtQ%3D%3D, PID: 8389516
    • Milsom I, Arvidsson L, Ekelund P, Molander U, Eriksson O (1993) Factors influencing vaginal cytology, pH and bacterial flora in elderly women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 72(4):286–291
    • (1993) Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand , vol.72 , Issue.4 , pp. 286-291
    • Milsom, I.1    Arvidsson, L.2    Ekelund, P.3    Molander, U.4    Eriksson, O.5
  • 72
    • 0030816086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal pH as a marker for bacterial pathogens and menopausal status
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2szlvVSnsw%3D%3D, PID: 9215184
    • Caillouette J, Sharp C, Zimmerman G, Roy S (1997) Vaginal pH as a marker for bacterial pathogens and menopausal status. Am J Obstet Gynecol 176:1270–1275
    • (1997) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.176 , pp. 1270-1275
    • Caillouette, J.1    Sharp, C.2    Zimmerman, G.3    Roy, S.4
  • 73
    • 2542477876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal pH is similar to follicle-stimulating hormone for menopause diagnosis
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXkt1Wqsbo%3D, PID: 15167829
    • Roy S, Caillouette J, Roy T, Faden J (2004) Vaginal pH is similar to follicle-stimulating hormone for menopause diagnosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 190:1272–1277
    • (2004) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.190 , pp. 1272-1277
    • Roy, S.1    Caillouette, J.2    Roy, T.3    Faden, J.4
  • 75
    • 0035204045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of estradiol vaginal tablet and conjugated estrogen cream on urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal women: a comparative study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XisV2rsg%3D%3D, PID: 11776507
    • Manonai J, Theppisai U, Suthutvoravut S, Udomsubpayakul U, Chittacharoen A (2001) The effect of estradiol vaginal tablet and conjugated estrogen cream on urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal women: a comparative study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 27(5):255–260
    • (2001) J Obstet Gynaecol Res , vol.27 , Issue.5 , pp. 255-260
    • Manonai, J.1    Theppisai, U.2    Suthutvoravut, S.3    Udomsubpayakul, U.4    Chittacharoen, A.5
  • 76
    • 73349084620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microdose transdermal estrogen therapy for relief of vulvovaginal symptoms in postmenopausal women
    • PID: 19458560
    • Bachmann GA, Schaefers M, Uddin A, Utian WH (2009) Microdose transdermal estrogen therapy for relief of vulvovaginal symptoms in postmenopausal women. Menopause 16(5):877–882
    • (2009) Menopause , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 877-882
    • Bachmann, G.A.1    Schaefers, M.2    Uddin, A.3    Utian, W.H.4
  • 77
    • 0037308677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of raloxifene on the response to conjugated estrogen vaginal cream or nonhormonal moisturizers in postmenopausal vaginal atrophy
    • Parsons A, Merritt D, Rosen A, Heath H III, Siddhanti S, Plouffe L Jr, Study Groups on the Effects of Raloxifene HCI With Low-Dose Premarin Vaginal Cream (2003) Effect of raloxifene on the response to conjugated estrogen vaginal cream or nonhormonal moisturizers in postmenopausal vaginal atrophy. Obstet Gynecol 101(2):346–352
    • (2003) Obstet Gynecol , vol.101 , Issue.2 , pp. 346-352
  • 78
    • 77952168220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose vaginal estrogens or vaginal moisturizer in breast cancer survivors with urogenital atrophy: a preliminary study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXls1WqsL8%3D, PID: 20196634
    • Biglia N, Peano E, Sgandurra P, Moggio G, Panuccio E, Migliardi M, Ravarino N, Ponzone R, Sismondi P (2010) Low-dose vaginal estrogens or vaginal moisturizer in breast cancer survivors with urogenital atrophy: a preliminary study. Gynecol Endocrinol 26(6):404–412
    • (2010) Gynecol Endocrinol , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 404-412
    • Biglia, N.1    Peano, E.2    Sgandurra, P.3    Moggio, G.4    Panuccio, E.5    Migliardi, M.6    Ravarino, N.7    Ponzone, R.8    Sismondi, P.9
  • 80
    • 0033231668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal pH and parabasal cells in postmenopausal women
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2Fht1ajtg%3D%3D, PID: 10546713
    • Brizzolara S, Killeen J, Severino R (1999) Vaginal pH and parabasal cells in postmenopausal women. Obstet Gynecol 94:700–703
    • (1999) Obstet Gynecol , vol.94 , pp. 700-703
    • Brizzolara, S.1    Killeen, J.2    Severino, R.3
  • 81
    • 58249087514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring symptom relief in studies of vaginal and vulvar atrophy: the most bothersome symptom approach
    • PID: 18779677
    • Ettinger B, Hait H, Reape KZ, Shu H (2008) Measuring symptom relief in studies of vaginal and vulvar atrophy: the most bothersome symptom approach. Menopause 15(5):885–889
    • (2008) Menopause , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 885-889
    • Ettinger, B.1    Hait, H.2    Reape, K.Z.3    Shu, H.4
  • 83
    • 0033002046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, open, parallel-group study on the preventive effect of an estradiol-releasing vaginal ring (Estring) on recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjvFeltL0%3D, PID: 10329858
    • Eriksen B (1999) A randomized, open, parallel-group study on the preventive effect of an estradiol-releasing vaginal ring (Estring) on recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 180(5):1072–1079
    • (1999) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.180 , Issue.5 , pp. 1072-1079
    • Eriksen, B.1
  • 84
    • 0026586879 scopus 로고
    • Low-dose 17 beta-estradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of atrophic vaginitis: a double-blind placebo controlled study
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK383mslahuw%3D%3D, PID: 1587379
    • Eriksen PS, Rasmussen H (1992) Low-dose 17 beta-estradiol vaginal tablets in the treatment of atrophic vaginitis: a double-blind placebo controlled study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 44(2):137–144
    • (1992) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol , vol.44 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-144
    • Eriksen, P.S.1    Rasmussen, H.2
  • 85
    • 33751062430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tibolone for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms and genital atrophy in postmenopausal women: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • PID: 17006377
    • Swanson SG, Drosman S, Helmond FA, Stathopoulos VM (2006) Tibolone for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms and genital atrophy in postmenopausal women: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Menopause 13(6):917–925
    • (2006) Menopause , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 917-925
    • Swanson, S.G.1    Drosman, S.2    Helmond, F.A.3    Stathopoulos, V.M.4
  • 86
    • 0032775758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of a quality of life instrument for use with post-menopausal women with urogenital atrophy in the UK and Sweden
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1MvgtlCrug%3D%3D, PID: 10474280
    • McKenna SP, Whalley D, Renck-Hooper U, Carlin S, Doward LC (1999) The development of a quality of life instrument for use with post-menopausal women with urogenital atrophy in the UK and Sweden. Qual Life Res 8(5):393–398
    • (1999) Qual Life Res , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 393-398
    • McKenna, S.P.1    Whalley, D.2    Renck-Hooper, U.3    Carlin, S.4    Doward, L.C.5
  • 87
    • 84855603546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A self-report instrument that describes urogenital atrophy symptoms in breast cancer survivors
    • PID: 21172922
    • Lester J, Bernhard L, Ryan-Wenger N (2012) A self-report instrument that describes urogenital atrophy symptoms in breast cancer survivors. West J Nurs Res 34(1):72–96
    • (2012) West J Nurs Res , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 72-96
    • Lester, J.1    Bernhard, L.2    Ryan-Wenger, N.3
  • 88
    • 18744397868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endometrial and vaginal effects of low-dose estradiol delivered by vaginal ring or vaginal tablet
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXisl2ksbg%3D, PID: 15804736
    • Weisberg E, Ayton R, Darling G, Farrell E, Murkies A, O’Neill S, Kirkegard Y, Fraser IS (2005) Endometrial and vaginal effects of low-dose estradiol delivered by vaginal ring or vaginal tablet. Climacteric 8(1):83–92
    • (2005) Climacteric , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-92
    • Weisberg, E.1    Ayton, R.2    Darling, G.3    Farrell, E.4    Murkies, A.5    O’Neill, S.6    Kirkegard, Y.7    Fraser, I.S.8
  • 91
    • 0030738984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormones and sexuality in postmenopausal women: a psychophysiological study
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2szmt1Kntw%3D%3D, PID: 9219109
    • Laan E, van Lunsen RH (1997) Hormones and sexuality in postmenopausal women: a psychophysiological study. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 18(2):126–133
    • (1997) J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 126-133
    • Laan, E.1    van Lunsen, R.H.2
  • 92
    • 84944970379 scopus 로고
    • Vaginal atrophy in the postmenopausal woman. The importance of sexual activity and hormones
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL3s7msVKhsA%3D%3D, PID: 6834616
    • Leiblum S, Bachmann G, Kemmann E, Colburn D, Swartzman L (1983) Vaginal atrophy in the postmenopausal woman. The importance of sexual activity and hormones. JAMA 249(16):2195–2198
    • (1983) JAMA , vol.249 , Issue.16 , pp. 2195-2198
    • Leiblum, S.1    Bachmann, G.2    Kemmann, E.3    Colburn, D.4    Swartzman, L.5
  • 93
    • 84860321813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal health: insights, views & attitudes (VIVA) - results from an international survey
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC387islWhtQ%3D%3D, PID: 22168244
    • Nappi RE, Kokot-Kierepa M (2012) Vaginal health: insights, views & attitudes (VIVA) - results from an international survey. Climacteric 15(1):36–44
    • (2012) Climacteric , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 36-44
    • Nappi, R.E.1    Kokot-Kierepa, M.2
  • 94
    • 0033968944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urogenital symptoms and resulting discomfort in non-institutionalized Dutch women aged 50-75 years
    • PID: 10738928
    • van Geelen JM, van de Weijer PH, Arnolds HT (2000) Urogenital symptoms and resulting discomfort in non-institutionalized Dutch women aged 50-75 years. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 11(1):9–14
    • (2000) Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-14
    • van Geelen, J.M.1    van de Weijer, P.H.2    Arnolds, H.T.3
  • 95
    • 8644234310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-reported urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal women: Women’s Health Initiative
    • PID: 15531125
    • Pastore LM, Carter RA, Hulka BS, Wells E (2004) Self-reported urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal women: Women’s Health Initiative. Maturitas 49(4):292–303
    • (2004) Maturitas , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 292-303
    • Pastore, L.M.1    Carter, R.A.2    Hulka, B.S.3    Wells, E.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.