Tunable meta-atom using liquid metal embedded in stretchable polymer

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 118, Issue 1, 2015, Pages

  Liu, Peng ^a   Yang, Siming ^a   Jain, Aditya ^a,b   Wang, Qiugu ^a   Jiang, Huawei ^a   Song, Jiming ^a   Koschny, Thomas ^b   Soukoulis, Costas M ^b   Dong, Liang ^a  

^a Iowa State University   (United States)

^b IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LIQUID METALS; METAMATERIALS;

BROAD FREQUENCY RANGE; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS; MECHANICAL STRETCHING; RESONANCE FREQUENCIES; RESPONSE CHARACTERISTIC; SIMPLE APPROACH; SPLIT RING RESONATOR; X-BAND FREQUENCY RANGE;

ATOMS;

EID: 84935477111     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: 10897550     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.4926417     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. D.-H. Kim, J.-H. Ahn, W. M. Choi, H.-S. Kim, T.-H. Kim, J. Song, Y. Y. Huang, Z. Liu, C. Lu, and J. A. Rogers, Science 320, 507 (2008). 10.1126/science.1154367
2. D.-H. Kim, Z. Liu, Y.-S. Kim, J. Wu, J. Song, H.-S. Kim, Y. Huang, K.-c. Hwang, Y. Zhang, and J. A. Rogers, Small 5, 2841 (2009). 10.1002/smll.200900853
3. J.-H. Ahn, H.-S. Kim, K. J. Lee, S. Jeon, S. J. Kang, Y. Sun, R. G. Nuzzo, and J. A. Rogers, Science 314, 1754 (2006). 10.1126/science.1132394
4. Y. Sun and J. A. Rogers, Adv. Mater. 19, 1897 (2007). 10.1002/adma.200602223
5. J. Yoon, S. Y. Hong, Y. Lim, S.-J. Lee, G. Zi, and J. S. Ha, Adv. Mater. 26, 6580 (2014). 10.1002/adma.201402588
6. M. Kubo, X. Li, C. Kim, M. Hashimoto, B. J. Wiley, D. Ham, and G. M. Whitesides, Adv. Mater. 22, 2749 (2010). 10.1002/adma.200904201
7. J.-H. So, J. Thelen, A. Qusba, G. J. Hayes, G. Lazzi, and M. D. Dickey, Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3632 (2009). 10.1002/adfm.200900604
8. M. R. Khan, G. J. Hayes, J.-H. So, G. Lazzi, and M. D. Dickey, Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 013501 (2011). 10.1063/1.3603961
9. Y. Yang, G. Ruan, C. Xiang, G. Wang, and J. M. Tour, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 6187 (2014). 10.1021/ja501247f
10. A. C. Arias, S. E. Ready, R. Lujan, W. S. Wong, K. E. Paul, A. Salleo, M. L. Chabinyc, R. Apte, R. A. Street, Y. Wu, P. Liu, and B. Ong, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3304 (2004). 10.1063/1.1801673
11. K. Hong, S. H. Kim, K. H. Lee, and C. D. Frisbie, Adv. Mater. 25, 3413 (2013). 10.1002/adma.201300211
12. A. Pierre, M. Sadeghi, M. M. Payne, A. Facchetti, J. E. Anthony, and A. C. Arias, Adv. Mater. 26, 5722 (2014). 10.1002/adma.201401520
13. A. d. l., F. Vornbrock, D. Sung, H. Kang, R. Kitsomboonloha, and V. Subramanian, Org. Electron. 11, 2037 (2010). 10.1016/j.orgel.2010.09.003
14. W. Wu, X. Wen, and Z. L. Wang, Science 340, 952 (2013). 10.1126/science.1234855
15. H.-T. Chen, J. F. O'Hara, A. K. Azad, A. J. Taylor, R. D. Averitt, D. B. Shrekenhamer, and W. J. Padilla, Nat. Photonics 2, 295 (2008). 10.1038/nphoton.2008.52
16. H.-T. Chen, W. J. Padilla, J. M. O. Zide, A. C. Gossard, A. J. Taylor, and R. D. Averitt, Nature 444, 597 (2006). 10.1038/nature05343
17. A. Jain, P. Tassin, T. Koschny, and C. M. Soukoulis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 117403 (2014). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.117403
18. D. R. Smith, D. C. Vier, T. Koschny, and C. M. Soukoulis, Phys. Rev. E 71, 036617 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.036617
19. D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, B. J. Justice, S. A. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. F. Starr, and D. R. Smith, Science 314, 977 (2006). 10.1126/science.1133628
20. D. Shin, Y. Urzhumov, Y. Jung, G. Kang, S. Baek, M. Choi, H. Park, K. Kim, and D. R. Smith, Nat. Commun. 3, 1213 (2012). 10.1038/ncomms2219
21. W. Cai, U. K. Chettiar, A. V. Kildishev, and V. M. Shalaev, Nat. Photonics 1, 224 (2007). 10.1038/nphoton.2007.28
22. J. Hao, J. Wang, X. Liu, W. J. Padilla, L. Zhou, and M. Qiu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 251104 (2010). 10.1063/1.3442904
23. N. I. Landy, S. Sajuyigbe, J. J. Mock, D. R. Smith, and W. J. Padilla, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 207402 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.207402
24. J. B. Pendry, D. Schurig, and D. R. Smith, Science 312, 1780 (2006). 10.1126/science.1125907
25. I. M. Pryce, Y. A. Kelaita, K. Aydin, and H. A. Atwater, ACS Nano 5, 8167 (2011). 10.1021/nn202815k
26. X. Zhang and Z. Liu, Nat. Mater. 7, 435 (2008). 10.1038/nmat2141
27. Q. Zhou, Y. Shi, A. Wang, L. Li, D. Zhao, J. Liu, H. Sun, and C. Zhang, J. Opt. 13, 125102 (2011). 10.1088/2040-8978/13/12/125102
28. R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz, Science 292, 77 (2001). 10.1126/science.1058847
29. D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4184 (2000). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.4184
30. A. A. Zharov, I. V. Shadrivov, and Y. S. Kivshar, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 37401 (2003). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.037401
31. N. Katsarakis, T. Koschny, M. Kafesaki, E. N. Economou, and C. M. Soukoulis, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 2943 (2004). 10.1063/1.1695439
32. K. Aydin and E. Ozbay, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 024911 (2007). 10.1063/1.2427110
33. I. Gil, J. Bonache, J. Garcia-Garcia, and F. Martin, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 54, 2665 (2006). 10.1109/TMTT.2006.872949
34. D. Wang, L. Ran, H. Chen, M. Mu, J. A. Kong, and B.-I. Wu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 164101 (2007). 10.1063/1.2799255
35. J. Han, A. Lakhtakia, and C.-W. Qiu, Opt. Express 16, 14390 (2008). 10.1364/OE.16.014390
36. G. He, R.-x. Wu, Y. Poo, and P. Chen, J. Appl. Phys. 107, 093522 (2010). 10.1063/1.3359718
37. Y. Poo, R.-x. Wu, G.-h. He, P. Chen, J. Xu, and R.-f. Chen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 161902 (2010). 10.1063/1.3409120
38. R. Pratibha, K. Park, I. I. Smalyukh, and W. Park, Opt. Express 17, 19459 (2009). 10.1364/OE.17.019459
39. D. H. Werner, D.-H. Kwon, and I.-C. Khoo, Opt. Express 15, 3342 (2007). 10.1364/OE.15.003342
40. Q. Zhao, L. Kang, B. Du, B. Li, J. Zhou, H. Tang, X. Liang, and B. Zhang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 011112 (2007). 10.1063/1.2430485
41. T. S. Kasirga, Y. N. Ertas, and M. Bayindir, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 214102 (2009). 10.1063/1.3268448
42. F. Zhang, Q. Zhao, L. Kang, D. P. Gaillot, X. Zhao, J. Zhou, and D. Lippens, Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 193104 (2008). 10.1063/1.2926678
43. Y. H. Fu, A. Q. Liu, W. M. Zhu, X. M. Zhang, D. P. Tsai, J. B. Zhang, T. Mei, J. F. Tao, H. C. Guo, X. H. Zhang, J. H. Teng, N. I. Zheludev, G. Q. Lo, and D. L. Kwong, Adv. Funct. Mater. 21, 3589 (2011). 10.1002/adfm.201101087
44. M. Lapine, D. Powell, M. Gorkunov, I. Shadrivov, R. Marques, and Y. Kivshar, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 084105 (2009). 10.1063/1.3211920
45. M. Lapine, I. V. Shadrivov, D. A. Powell, and Y. S. Kivshar, Nat. Mater. 11, 30 (2012). 10.1038/nmat3168
46. W. M. Zhu, A. Q. Liu, X. M. Zhang, D. P. Tsai, T. Bourouina, J. H. Teng, X. H. Zhang, H. C. Guo, H. Tanoto, T. Mei, G. Q. Lo, and D. L. Kwong, Adv. Mater. 23, 1792 (2011). 10.1002/adma.201004341
47. D. Bouyge, A. Crunteanu, M. Duran-Sindreu, A. Pothier, P. Blondy, J. Bonache, J. C. Orlianges, and F. Martin, J. Opt. 14, 114001 (2012). 10.1088/2040-8978/14/11/114001
48. H. Tao, A. C. Strikwerda, K. Fan, W. J. Padilla, X. Zhang, and R. D. Averitt, J. Infrared, Millimeter, Terahertz Waves 32, 580 (2011). 10.1007/s10762-010-9646-8
49. W. M. Zhu, W. Zhang, R. F. Huang, S. K. Ting, G. Q. Lo, D. L. Kwong, and A. Q. Liu, in Proceedings of IEEE MEMS, Taipei, Taiwan (2013), p. 725.
50. See supplementary material at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4926417 E-JAPIAU-118-025527 for the measured reflectance and transmittance spectra of the meta-atom and the equations used to build an equivalent circuit of the meta-atom.