메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 1-20

Impact of Childhood Obesity on Cardiac Structure and Function

Author keywords

Cardiovascular risk; Heart disease; Obesity; Pediatrics

Indexed keywords

ANATOMY; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; DIABETES MELLITUS; HEART EJECTION FRACTION; HEART FAILURE; HEART FUNCTION; HEART LEFT ATRIUM; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE; HEART MUSCLE; HEART STRUCTURE; HEART VENTRICLE FUNCTION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; TISSUE DOPPLER IMAGING; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

EID: 84935105939     PISSN: 10928464     EISSN: 15343189     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11936-014-0345-y     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (22)

References (122)
  • 1
    • 33645523067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004
    • PID: 16595758, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xjt12itrk%3
    • Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA. 2006;295(13):1549–55.
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.295 , Issue.13 , pp. 1549-1555
    • Ogden, C.L.1    Carroll, M.D.2    Curtin, L.R.3    McDowell, M.A.4    Tabak, C.J.5    Flegal, K.M.6
  • 2
    • 0037048695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999-2000
    • PID: 1236595
    • Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999-2000. JAMA. 2002;288(14):1728–32.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , Issue.14 , pp. 1728-1732
    • Ogden, C.L.1    Flegal, K.M.2    Carroll, M.D.3    Johnson, C.L.4
  • 3
    • 0037048669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2000
    • PID: 1236595
    • Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2000. JAMA. 2002;288(14):1723–7.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , Issue.14 , pp. 1723-1727
    • Flegal, K.M.1    Carroll, M.D.2    Ogden, C.L.3    Johnson, C.L.4
  • 4
    • 70349207410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual medical spending attributable to obesity: payer-and service-specific estimates
    • Finkelstein EA, Trogdon JG, Cohen JW, Dietz W. Annual medical spending attributable to obesity: payer-and service-specific estimates. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009;28(5):w822–31.
    • (2009) Health Aff (Millwood) , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. w822-w831
    • Finkelstein, E.A.1    Trogdon, J.G.2    Cohen, J.W.3    Dietz, W.4
  • 5
    • 0035064965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity cardiomyopathy: pathophysiology and evolution of the clinical syndrome
    • PID: 11307864, COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3jvVSrsw%3D%3
    • Alpert MA. Obesity cardiomyopathy: pathophysiology and evolution of the clinical syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2001;321(4):225–36.
    • (2001) Am J Med Sci , vol.321 , Issue.4 , pp. 225-236
    • Alpert, M.A.1
  • 6
    • 77649170647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between waist circumference and the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction in a Japanese urban cohort: the Suita study
    • PID: 2005692
    • Furukawa Y, Kokubo Y, Okamura T, Watanabe M, Higashiyama A, Ono Y, et al. The relationship between waist circumference and the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction in a Japanese urban cohort: the Suita study. Stroke. 2010;41(3):550–3.
    • (2010) Stroke , vol.41 , Issue.3 , pp. 550-553
    • Furukawa, Y.1    Kokubo, Y.2    Okamura, T.3    Watanabe, M.4    Higashiyama, A.5    Ono, Y.6
  • 8
    • 77749292086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the associations of body mass index and measures of central adiposity and fat mass with coronary heart disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality: a study using data from 4 UK cohorts
    • PID: 20089729, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXisFyntLY%3
    • Taylor AE, Ebrahim S, Ben-Shlomo Y, Martin RM, Whincup PH, Yarnell JW, et al. Comparison of the associations of body mass index and measures of central adiposity and fat mass with coronary heart disease, diabetes, and all-cause mortality: a study using data from 4 UK cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91(3):547–56.
    • (2010) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.91 , Issue.3 , pp. 547-556
    • Taylor, A.E.1    Ebrahim, S.2    Ben-Shlomo, Y.3    Martin, R.M.4    Whincup, P.H.5    Yarnell, J.W.6
  • 9
    • 34547562750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity cardiomyopathy: pathogenesis and pathophysiology
    • PID: 17653116, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXotVOiu70%3
    • Wong C, Marwick TH. Obesity cardiomyopathy: pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 2007;4(8):436–43.
    • (2007) Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med , vol.4 , Issue.8 , pp. 436-443
    • Wong, C.1    Marwick, T.H.2
  • 10
  • 11
    • 0034977938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass index can predict left ventricular diastolic filling in asymptomatic obese children
    • PID: 11455391, COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MvgtFWltg%3D%3
    • Harada K, Orino T, Takada G. Body mass index can predict left ventricular diastolic filling in asymptomatic obese children. Pediatr Cardiol. 2001;22(4):273–8.
    • (2001) Pediatr Cardiol , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 273-278
    • Harada, K.1    Orino, T.2    Takada, G.3
  • 13
    • 0023722768 scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting the relationship between childhood and adult cholesterol levels: the Muscatine Study
    • PID: 3405659, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL1czgtlWruw%3D%3
    • Lauer RM, Lee J, Clarke WR. Factors affecting the relationship between childhood and adult cholesterol levels: the Muscatine Study. Pediatrics. 1988;82(3):309–18.
    • (1988) Pediatrics , vol.82 , Issue.3 , pp. 309-318
    • Lauer, R.M.1    Lee, J.2    Clarke, W.R.3
  • 15
    • 0030967953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity
    • PID: 9302300, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2svjtlSjtg%3D%3
    • Whitaker RC, Wright JA, Pepe MS, Seidel KD, Dietz WH. Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(13):869–73.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , Issue.13 , pp. 869-873
    • Whitaker, R.C.1    Wright, J.A.2    Pepe, M.S.3    Seidel, K.D.4    Dietz, W.H.5
  • 16
    • 28844509166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Underdiagnosis of pediatric obesity and underscreening for fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome by pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists
    • PID: 1635644
    • Riley MR, Bass NM, Rosenthal P, Merriman RB. Underdiagnosis of pediatric obesity and underscreening for fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome by pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists. J Pediatr. 2005;147(6):839–42.
    • (2005) J Pediatr , vol.147 , Issue.6 , pp. 839-842
    • Riley, M.R.1    Bass, N.M.2    Rosenthal, P.3    Merriman, R.B.4
  • 17
    • 0027256759 scopus 로고
    • Do obese children become obese adults? A review of the literature
    • PID: 8483856, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3kvVWisQ%3D%3
    • Serdula MK, Ivery D, Coates RJ, Freedman DS, Williamson DF, Byers T. Do obese children become obese adults? A review of the literature. Prev Med. 1993;22(2):167–77.
    • (1993) Prev Med , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 167-177
    • Serdula, M.K.1    Ivery, D.2    Coates, R.J.3    Freedman, D.S.4    Williamson, D.F.5    Byers, T.6
  • 18
    • 0023765046 scopus 로고
    • The impact of body mass index of 78,612 18-year old Dutch men on 32-year mortality from all causes
    • PID: 3418364, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL1czjt1eltw%3D%3
    • Hoffmans MD, Kromhout D, de Lezenne CC. The impact of body mass index of 78,612 18-year old Dutch men on 32-year mortality from all causes. J Clin Epidemiol. 1988;41(8):749–56.
    • (1988) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.41 , Issue.8 , pp. 749-756
    • Hoffmans, M.D.1    Kromhout, D.2    de Lezenne, C.C.3
  • 19
    • 0026672612 scopus 로고
    • Long-term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents. A follow-up of the Harvard Growth Study of 1922 to 1935
    • PID: 1406836, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3s%2FisVOlsg%3D%3
    • Must A, Jacques PF, Dallal GE, Bajema CJ, Dietz WH. Long-term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents. A follow-up of the Harvard Growth Study of 1922 to 1935. N Engl J Med. 1992;327(19):1350–5.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , Issue.19 , pp. 1350-1355
    • Must, A.1    Jacques, P.F.2    Dallal, G.E.3    Bajema, C.J.4    Dietz, W.H.5
  • 20
    • 0037453031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in children: an American Heart Association scientific statement from the Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in the Young Committee (Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young) and the Diabetes Committee (Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism)
    • PID: 1264236
    • Steinberger J, Daniels SR. Obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in children: an American Heart Association scientific statement from the Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in the Young Committee (Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young) and the Diabetes Committee (Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism). Circulation. 2003;107(10):1448–53.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , Issue.10 , pp. 1448-1453
    • Steinberger, J.1    Daniels, S.R.2
  • 21
    • 34548415065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive assessment of target organ injury in children with the metabolic syndrome
    • PID: 1767980
    • Urbina E. Noninvasive assessment of target organ injury in children with the metabolic syndrome. J Cardiometab Syndr. 2006;1(4):277–81.
    • (2006) J Cardiometab Syndr , vol.1 , Issue.4 , pp. 277-281
    • Urbina, E.1
  • 22
    • 0032482329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults. The Bogalusa Heart Study
    • PID: 9614255, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1c3msVCmsg%3D%3
    • Berenson GS, Srinivasan SR, Bao W, Newman 3rd WP, Tracy RE, Wattigney WA. Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults. The Bogalusa Heart Study. N Engl J Med. 1998;338(23):1650–6.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , Issue.23 , pp. 1650-1656
    • Berenson, G.S.1    Srinivasan, S.R.2    Bao, W.3    Newman, W.P.4    Tracy, R.E.5    Wattigney, W.A.6
  • 25
    • 21744460978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventricular arterial stiffening: integrating the pathophysiology
    • PID: 15911741, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlt1Wlt7w%3
    • Kass DA. Ventricular arterial stiffening: integrating the pathophysiology. Hypertension. 2005;46(1):185–93.
    • (2005) Hypertension , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 185-193
    • Kass, D.A.1
  • 26
    • 33646918056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of obesity on cardiac geometry and function in a population of adolescents: the Strong Heart Study
    • PID: 1675069
    • Chinali M, de Simone G, Roman MJ, Lee ET, Best LG, Howard BV, et al. Impact of obesity on cardiac geometry and function in a population of adolescents: the Strong Heart Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(11):2267–73.
    • (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.47 , Issue.11 , pp. 2267-2273
    • Chinali, M.1    de Simone, G.2    Roman, M.J.3    Lee, E.T.4    Best, L.G.5    Howard, B.V.6
  • 27
    • 0002548485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity evaluation and treatment: Expert Committee recommendations. The Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services
    • PID: 9724677, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1czptlOltw%3D%3
    • Barlow SE, Dietz WH. Obesity evaluation and treatment: Expert Committee recommendations. The Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services. Pediatrics. 1998;102(3):E29.
    • (1998) Pediatrics , vol.102 , Issue.3 , pp. E29
    • Barlow, S.E.1    Dietz, W.H.2
  • 28
    • 20244378221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overweight in children and adolescents: pathophysiology, consequences, prevention, and treatment
    • PID: 1583795
    • Daniels SR, Arnett DK, Eckel RH, Gidding SS, Hayman LL, Kumanyika S, et al. Overweight in children and adolescents: pathophysiology, consequences, prevention, and treatment. Circulation. 2005;111(15):1999–2012.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.111 , Issue.15 , pp. 1999-2012
    • Daniels, S.R.1    Arnett, D.K.2    Eckel, R.H.3    Gidding, S.S.4    Hayman, L.L.5    Kumanyika, S.6
  • 29
    • 0034611996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey
    • PID: 10797032, COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3lvFehsA%3D%3
    • Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ. 2000;320(7244):1240–3.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.320 , Issue.7244 , pp. 1240-1243
    • Cole, T.J.1    Bellizzi, M.C.2    Flegal, K.M.3    Dietz, W.H.4
  • 30
    • 3442880238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overweight in children is associated with arterial endothelial dysfunction and intima-media thickening
    • PID: 15170465, COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2czgsFKmug%3D%3
    • Woo KS, Chook P, Yu CW, Sung RY, Qiao M, Leung SS, et al. Overweight in children is associated with arterial endothelial dysfunction and intima-media thickening. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28(7):852–7.
    • (2004) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.28 , Issue.7 , pp. 852-857
    • Woo, K.S.1    Chook, P.2    Yu, C.W.3    Sung, R.Y.4    Qiao, M.5    Leung, S.S.6
  • 31
    • 0035960440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of increased stiffness of the common carotid artery and endothelial dysfunction in severely obese children: a prospective study
    • PID: 11705484, COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MnltFWiuw%3D%3
    • Tounian P, Aggoun Y, Dubern B, Varille V, Guy-Grand B, Sidi D, et al. Presence of increased stiffness of the common carotid artery and endothelial dysfunction in severely obese children: a prospective study. Lancet. 2001;358(9291):1400–4.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , Issue.9291 , pp. 1400-1404
    • Tounian, P.1    Aggoun, Y.2    Dubern, B.3    Varille, V.4    Guy-Grand, B.5    Sidi, D.6
  • 32
    • 0026516475 scopus 로고
    • Forearm resistance vessel abnormalities and insulin resistance in obese adolescents
    • PID: 1592457, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK383nsFOgtw%3D%3
    • Rocchini AP, Moorehead C, Katch V, Key J, Finta KM. Forearm resistance vessel abnormalities and insulin resistance in obese adolescents. Hypertension. 1992;19(6 Pt 2):615–20.
    • (1992) Hypertension , vol.19 , pp. 615-620
    • Rocchini, A.P.1    Moorehead, C.2    Katch, V.3    Key, J.4    Finta, K.M.5
  • 35
    • 84958187390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (IASO) IAftSoO. 200
    • (IASO) IAftSoO. www.iotf.org. 2009.
  • 36
    • 84896690513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012
    • PID: 24570244, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXjvVOhs74%3
    • Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012. JAMA. 2014;311(8):806–14.
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.311 , Issue.8 , pp. 806-814
    • Ogden, C.L.1    Carroll, M.D.2    Kit, B.K.3    Flegal, K.M.4
  • 37
    • 55849097638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity in children and adolescents
    • PID: 18987268, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtlOqurr
    • Cali AM, Caprio S. Obesity in children and adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(11 Suppl 1):S31–6.
    • (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.93 , pp. S31-S36
    • Cali, A.M.1    Caprio, S.2
  • 38
    • 77951732397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lopez L, Colan SD, Frommelt PC, Ensing GJ, Kendall K, Younoszai AK, et al. Recommendations for quantification methods during the performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: a report from the Pediatric Measurements Writing Group of the American Society of Echocardiography Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Council. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010;23(5):465–95. quiz 576-7
    • Lopez L, Colan SD, Frommelt PC, Ensing GJ, Kendall K, Younoszai AK, et al. Recommendations for quantification methods during the performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: a report from the Pediatric Measurements Writing Group of the American Society of Echocardiography Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Council. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010;23(5):465–95. quiz 576-7.
  • 39
  • 40
    • 67650863128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue velocities, strain, and strain rate for echocardiographic assessment of ventricular function in congenital heart disease
    • PID: 1940129
    • Friedberg MK, Mertens L. Tissue velocities, strain, and strain rate for echocardiographic assessment of ventricular function in congenital heart disease. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2009;10(5):585–93.
    • (2009) Eur J Echocardiogr , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 585-593
    • Friedberg, M.K.1    Mertens, L.2
  • 41
    • 84958187392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strain rate imaging (database on the Internet) 2008 fro
    • Strain rate imaging (database on the Internet) 2008. Available from: http://folk.ntnu.no/stoylen/strainrate/.
  • 42
    • 80055059981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early myocardial deformation changes associated to isolated obesity: a study based on 3D-wall motion tracking analysis
    • Saltijeral A, Isla LP, Perez-Rodriguez O, Rueda S, Fernandez-Golfin C, Almeria C, et al. Early myocardial deformation changes associated to isolated obesity: a study based on 3D-wall motion tracking analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011;19(11):2268–73.
    • (2011) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.19 , Issue.11 , pp. 2268-2273
    • Saltijeral, A.1    Isla, L.P.2    Perez-Rodriguez, O.3    Rueda, S.4    Fernandez-Golfin, C.5    Almeria, C.6
  • 43
    • 34948878583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echocardiographic quantification of myocardial function using tissue deformation imaging, a guide to image acquisition and analysis using tissue Doppler and speckle tracking
    • PID: 1776096
    • Teske AJ, De Boeck BW, Melman PG, Sieswerda GT, Doevendans PA, Cramer MJ. Echocardiographic quantification of myocardial function using tissue deformation imaging, a guide to image acquisition and analysis using tissue Doppler and speckle tracking. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2007;5:27.
    • (2007) Cardiovasc Ultrasound , vol.5 , pp. 27
    • Teske, A.J.1    De Boeck, B.W.2    Melman, P.G.3    Sieswerda, G.T.4    Doevendans, P.A.5    Cramer, M.J.6
  • 44
    • 77957317453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging the right ventricle–current state of the art
    • PID: 2069741
    • Mertens LL, Friedberg MK. Imaging the right ventricle–current state of the art. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2010;7(10):551–63.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Cardiol , vol.7 , Issue.10 , pp. 551-563
    • Mertens, L.L.1    Friedberg, M.K.2
  • 46
    • 33745941403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of increase in adiposity to increase in left ventricular mass from childhood to young adulthood
    • PID: 1686003
    • Sivanandam S, Sinaiko AR, Jacobs Jr DR, Steffen L, Moran A, Steinberger J. Relation of increase in adiposity to increase in left ventricular mass from childhood to young adulthood. Am J Cardiol. 2006;98(3):411–5.
    • (2006) Am J Cardiol , vol.98 , Issue.3 , pp. 411-415
    • Sivanandam, S.1    Sinaiko, A.R.2    Jacobs, D.R.3    Steffen, L.4    Moran, A.5    Steinberger, J.6
  • 47
    • 33645968640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left atrial diameters in overweight children with normal blood pressure
    • PID: 1661595
    • Yu JJ, Yeom HH, Chung S, Park Y, Lee DH. Left atrial diameters in overweight children with normal blood pressure. J Pediatr. 2006;148(3):321–5.
    • (2006) J Pediatr , vol.148 , Issue.3 , pp. 321-325
    • Yu, J.J.1    Yeom, H.H.2    Chung, S.3    Park, Y.4    Lee, D.H.5
  • 48
    • 33750925915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal myocardial deformation properties in obese, non-hypertensive children: an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, standard echocardiographic, and strain rate imaging study
    • PID: 1690555
    • Di Salvo G, Pacileo G, Del Giudice EM, Natale F, Limongelli G, Verrengia M, et al. Abnormal myocardial deformation properties in obese, non-hypertensive children: an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, standard echocardiographic, and strain rate imaging study. Eur Heart J. 2006;27(22):2689–95.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , Issue.22 , pp. 2689-2695
    • Di Salvo, G.1    Pacileo, G.2    Del Giudice, E.M.3    Natale, F.4    Limongelli, G.5    Verrengia, M.6
  • 49
    • 2942545828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of myocardial function in children with body mass indexes >/=25 versus those <25 kg/m2
    • PID: 1519404
    • Mehta SK, Holliday C, Hayduk L, Wiersma L, Richards N, Younoszai A. Comparison of myocardial function in children with body mass indexes >/=25 versus those <25 kg/m2. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93(12):1567–9.
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.93 , Issue.12 , pp. 1567-1569
    • Mehta, S.K.1    Holliday, C.2    Hayduk, L.3    Wiersma, L.4    Richards, N.5    Younoszai, A.6
  • 51
    • 52649174353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early cardiac abnormalities in obese children: importance of obesity per se versus associated cardiovascular risk factors
    • PID: 1839184
    • Van Putte-Katier N, Rooman RP, Haas L, Verhulst SL, Desager KN, Ramet J, et al. Early cardiac abnormalities in obese children: importance of obesity per se versus associated cardiovascular risk factors. Pediatr Res. 2008;64(2):205–9.
    • (2008) Pediatr Res , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 205-209
    • Van Putte-Katier, N.1    Rooman, R.P.2    Haas, L.3    Verhulst, S.L.4    Desager, K.N.5    Ramet, J.6
  • 52
    • 34548462560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial velocity, strain, and strain rate abnormalities in healthy obese children
    • PID: 1768444
    • Lorch SM, Sharkey A. Myocardial velocity, strain, and strain rate abnormalities in healthy obese children. J Cardiometab Syndr. 2007;2(1):30–4.
    • (2007) J Cardiometab Syndr , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 30-34
    • Lorch, S.M.1    Sharkey, A.2
  • 53
  • 55
    • 33748452635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of obesity on echocardiographic and metabolic parameters in childhood
    • PID: 1699558
    • Kinik ST, Varan B, Yildirim SV, Tokel K. The effect of obesity on echocardiographic and metabolic parameters in childhood. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2006;19(8):1007–14.
    • (2006) J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab , vol.19 , Issue.8 , pp. 1007-1014
    • Kinik, S.T.1    Varan, B.2    Yildirim, S.V.3    Tokel, K.4
  • 56
    • 0028131375 scopus 로고
    • Effect of obesity on echocardiographic parameters in children
    • PID: 7960279, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2M%2FkvV2ntA%3D%3
    • Kono Y, Yoshinaga M, Oku S, Nomura Y, Nakamura M, Aihoshi S. Effect of obesity on echocardiographic parameters in children. Int J Cardiol. 1994;46(1):7–13.
    • (1994) Int J Cardiol , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-13
    • Kono, Y.1    Yoshinaga, M.2    Oku, S.3    Nomura, Y.4    Nakamura, M.5    Aihoshi, S.6
  • 57
    • 77955537417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echocardiographic measurement of epicardial adipose tissue in obese children
    • PID: 2046136
    • Ozdemir O, Hizli S, Abaci A, Agladioglu K, Aksoy S. Echocardiographic measurement of epicardial adipose tissue in obese children. Pediatr Cardiol. 2010;31(6):853–60.
    • (2010) Pediatr Cardiol , vol.31 , Issue.6 , pp. 853-860
    • Ozdemir, O.1    Hizli, S.2    Abaci, A.3    Agladioglu, K.4    Aksoy, S.5
  • 59
    • 84882444611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barbosa JA, Mota CC, Simoes ESAC, Nunes Mdo C, Barbosa MM. Assessing pre-clinical ventricular dysfunction in obese children and adolescents: the value of speckle tracking imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;14(9):882–9. Relatively large study that confirmed earlier findings that childhood obesity is associated with sub-clinical reduced systolic function of the left ventricle assessed with myocardial deformation imaging
    • Barbosa JA, Mota CC, Simoes ESAC, Nunes Mdo C, Barbosa MM. Assessing pre-clinical ventricular dysfunction in obese children and adolescents: the value of speckle tracking imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;14(9):882–9. Relatively large study that confirmed earlier findings that childhood obesity is associated with sub-clinical reduced systolic function of the left ventricle assessed with myocardial deformation imaging.
  • 60
    • 77956377296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired cardiac function among obese adolescents: effect of aerobic interval training
    • PID: 2081996
    • Ingul CB, Tjonna AE, Stolen TO, Stoylen A, Wisloff U. Impaired cardiac function among obese adolescents: effect of aerobic interval training. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010;164(9):852–9.
    • (2010) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.164 , Issue.9 , pp. 852-859
    • Ingul, C.B.1    Tjonna, A.E.2    Stolen, T.O.3    Stoylen, A.4    Wisloff, U.5
  • 61
    • 84958187395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Koopman LP, McCrindle BW, Slorach C, Chahal N, Hui W, Sarkola T, et al. Interaction between Myocardial and Vascular Changes in Obese Children: A Pilot Study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2012. In this study the effect of both vascular and cardiac changes in the setting of childhood obesity are studied. Both vascular and cardiac changes in obses children are described and indications for ventriculo-vascular interaction are presented
    • Koopman LP, McCrindle BW, Slorach C, Chahal N, Hui W, Sarkola T, et al. Interaction between Myocardial and Vascular Changes in Obese Children: A Pilot Study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2012. In this study the effect of both vascular and cardiac changes in the setting of childhood obesity are studied. Both vascular and cardiac changes in obses children are described and indications for ventriculo-vascular interaction are presented.
  • 62
    • 77955550088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of plasma N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, epicardial adipose tissue, and carotid intima-media thicknesses in asymptomatic obese children
    • PID: 2041929
    • Saritas T, Tascilar E, Abaci A, Yozgat Y, Dogan M, Dundaroz R, et al. Importance of plasma N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, epicardial adipose tissue, and carotid intima-media thicknesses in asymptomatic obese children. Pediatr Cardiol. 2010;31(6):792–9.
    • (2010) Pediatr Cardiol , vol.31 , Issue.6 , pp. 792-799
    • Saritas, T.1    Tascilar, E.2    Abaci, A.3    Yozgat, Y.4    Dogan, M.5    Dundaroz, R.6
  • 63
    • 84872400872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular recovery following bariatric surgery in extremely obese adolescents: preliminary results using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Imaging
    • PID: 2333181
    • Michalsky MP, Raman SV, Teich S, Schuster DP, Bauer JA. Cardiovascular recovery following bariatric surgery in extremely obese adolescents: preliminary results using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Imaging. J Pediatr Surg. 2013;48(1):170–7.
    • (2013) J Pediatr Surg , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 170-177
    • Michalsky, M.P.1    Raman, S.V.2    Teich, S.3    Schuster, D.P.4    Bauer, J.A.5
  • 64
    • 84880331841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular function by echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging, and carotid intima-media thickness in obese adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • PID: 2364251
    • Sert A, Aypar E, Pirgon O, Yilmaz H, Odabas D, Tolu I. Left ventricular function by echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging, and carotid intima-media thickness in obese adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am J Cardiol. 2013;112(3):436–43.
    • (2013) Am J Cardiol , vol.112 , Issue.3 , pp. 436-443
    • Sert, A.1    Aypar, E.2    Pirgon, O.3    Yilmaz, H.4    Odabas, D.5    Tolu, I.6
  • 65
    • 84880573350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Singh GK, Vitola BE, Holland MR, Sekarski T, Patterson BW, Magkos F, et al. Alterations in ventricular structure and function in obese adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Pediatr. 2013;162(6):1160–8. 8 e1
    • Singh GK, Vitola BE, Holland MR, Sekarski T, Patterson BW, Magkos F, et al. Alterations in ventricular structure and function in obese adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Pediatr. 2013;162(6):1160–8. 8 e1.
  • 66
    • 77950229936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of low-carbohydrate diet on left ventricular diastolic function in obese children
    • PID: 1967435
    • Zeybek C, Celebi A, Aktuglu-Zeybek C, Onal H, Yalcin Y, Erdem A, et al. The effect of low-carbohydrate diet on left ventricular diastolic function in obese children. Pediatr Int. 2010;52(2):218–23.
    • (2010) Pediatr Int , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 218-223
    • Zeybek, C.1    Celebi, A.2    Aktuglu-Zeybek, C.3    Onal, H.4    Yalcin, Y.5    Erdem, A.6
  • 67
    • 0036695457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left atrial size in children with hypertension: the influence of obesity, blood pressure, and left ventricular mass
    • PID: 1218371
    • Daniels SR, Witt SA, Glascock B, Khoury PR, Kimball TR. Left atrial size in children with hypertension: the influence of obesity, blood pressure, and left ventricular mass. J Pediatr. 2002;141(2):186–90.
    • (2002) J Pediatr , vol.141 , Issue.2 , pp. 186-190
    • Daniels, S.R.1    Witt, S.A.2    Glascock, B.3    Khoury, P.R.4    Kimball, T.R.5
  • 68
    • 33847022283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiposity and cardiac dimensions among 9- to 18-year-old youth: the Quebec Family Study
    • PID: 17096006, COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2s%2FpvVKktQ%3D%3
    • Eisenmann JC, Malina RM, Tremblay A, Bouchard C. Adiposity and cardiac dimensions among 9- to 18-year-old youth: the Quebec Family Study. J Hum Hypertens. 2007;21(2):114–9.
    • (2007) J Hum Hypertens , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 114-119
    • Eisenmann, J.C.1    Malina, R.M.2    Tremblay, A.3    Bouchard, C.4
  • 69
    • 0035089713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular mass and correlated atherosclerotic risk factors in young adolescents: report from Chin-Shan community cardiovascular study in Taiwan
    • PID: 11254914, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXhvVamsrY%3
    • Chien KL, Sung FC, Hsu HC, Su TC, Lee YT. Left ventricular mass and correlated atherosclerotic risk factors in young adolescents: report from Chin-Shan community cardiovascular study in Taiwan. Atherosclerosis. 2001;155(2):431–7.
    • (2001) Atherosclerosis , vol.155 , Issue.2 , pp. 431-437
    • Chien, K.L.1    Sung, F.C.2    Hsu, H.C.3    Su, T.C.4    Lee, Y.T.5
  • 70
    • 67049107565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of body size and body fatness on left ventricular mass in children and adolescents: Project HeartBeat!
    • PID: 1952416
    • Dai S, Harrist RB, Rosenthal GL, Labarthe DR. Effects of body size and body fatness on left ventricular mass in children and adolescents: Project HeartBeat! Am J Prev Med. 2009;37(1 Suppl):S97–104.
    • (2009) Am J Prev Med , vol.37 , pp. S97-S104
    • Dai, S.1    Harrist, R.B.2    Rosenthal, G.L.3    Labarthe, D.R.4
  • 71
    • 0033514390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of body fat distribution and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents
    • PID: 9927401, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1M7is1ejsw%3D%3
    • Daniels SR, Morrison JA, Sprecher DL, Khoury P, Kimball TR. Association of body fat distribution and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents. Circulation. 1999;99(4):541–5.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , Issue.4 , pp. 541-545
    • Daniels, S.R.1    Morrison, J.A.2    Sprecher, D.L.3    Khoury, P.4    Kimball, T.R.5
  • 72
    • 0842324921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of obesity, gender, and ethnic group on left ventricular hypertrophy and geometry in hypertensive children: a collaborative study of the International Pediatric Hypertension Association
    • PID: 1475494
    • Hanevold C, Waller J, Daniels S, Portman R, Sorof J. The effects of obesity, gender, and ethnic group on left ventricular hypertrophy and geometry in hypertensive children: a collaborative study of the International Pediatric Hypertension Association. Pediatrics. 2004;113(2):328–33.
    • (2004) Pediatrics , vol.113 , Issue.2 , pp. 328-333
    • Hanevold, C.1    Waller, J.2    Daniels, S.3    Portman, R.4    Sorof, J.5
  • 73
    • 0028954661 scopus 로고
    • Effect of body size, ponderosity, and blood pressure on left ventricular growth in children and young adults in the Bogalusa Heart Study
    • PID: 7729027, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3ks1eisw%3D%3
    • Urbina EM, Gidding SS, Bao W, Pickoff AS, Berdusis K, Berenson GS. Effect of body size, ponderosity, and blood pressure on left ventricular growth in children and young adults in the Bogalusa Heart Study. Circulation. 1995;91(9):2400–6.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.91 , Issue.9 , pp. 2400-2406
    • Urbina, E.M.1    Gidding, S.S.2    Bao, W.3    Pickoff, A.S.4    Berdusis, K.5    Berenson, G.S.6
  • 74
    • 38049018449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships of cardiovascular phenotypes with healthy weight, at risk of overweight, and overweight in US youths
    • PID: 1816656
    • Zhu H, Yan W, Ge D, Treiber FA, Harshfield GA, Kapuku G, et al. Relationships of cardiovascular phenotypes with healthy weight, at risk of overweight, and overweight in US youths. Pediatrics. 2008;121(1):115–22.
    • (2008) Pediatrics , vol.121 , Issue.1 , pp. 115-122
    • Zhu, H.1    Yan, W.2    Ge, D.3    Treiber, F.A.4    Harshfield, G.A.5    Kapuku, G.6
  • 75
    • 0038699472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac response to progressive cycle exercise in moderately obese adolescent females
    • PID: 1278245
    • Rowland T, Bhargava R, Parslow D, Heptulla RA. Cardiac response to progressive cycle exercise in moderately obese adolescent females. J Adolesc Health. 2003;32(6):422–7.
    • (2003) J Adolesc Health , vol.32 , Issue.6 , pp. 422-427
    • Rowland, T.1    Bhargava, R.2    Parslow, D.3    Heptulla, R.A.4
  • 76
    • 84865510560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biophysical properties of the aorta and left ventricle and exercise capacity in obese children
    • PID: 2272800
    • Harris KC, Al Saloos HA, De Souza AM, Sanatani S, Hinchliffe M, Potts JE, et al. Biophysical properties of the aorta and left ventricle and exercise capacity in obese children. Am J Cardiol. 2012;110(6):897–901.
    • (2012) Am J Cardiol , vol.110 , Issue.6 , pp. 897-901
    • Harris, K.C.1    Al Saloos, H.A.2    De Souza, A.M.3    Sanatani, S.4    Hinchliffe, M.5    Potts, J.E.6
  • 80
    • 75349114189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Right ventricular subclinical diastolic dysfunction in obese children: the effect of weight reduction with a low-carbohydrate diet
    • PID: 1948880
    • Zeybek C, Aktuglu-Zeybek C, Onal H, Altay S, Erdem A, Celebi A. Right ventricular subclinical diastolic dysfunction in obese children: the effect of weight reduction with a low-carbohydrate diet. Pediatr Cardiol. 2009;30(7):946–53.
    • (2009) Pediatr Cardiol , vol.30 , Issue.7 , pp. 946-953
    • Zeybek, C.1    Aktuglu-Zeybek, C.2    Onal, H.3    Altay, S.4    Erdem, A.5    Celebi, A.6
  • 81
    • 84875520875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foster BJ, Gao T, Mackie AS, Zemel BS, Ali H, Platt RW, et al. Limitations of expressing left ventricular mass relative to height and to body surface area in children. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013;26(4):410–8. Key-study highlighting the importance of using appropriate methods to normalize cardiac structures for body size. The authors found that scaling LV mass to BSA in children results in less misclassification with respect to LVH than does scaling to height
    • Foster BJ, Gao T, Mackie AS, Zemel BS, Ali H, Platt RW, et al. Limitations of expressing left ventricular mass relative to height and to body surface area in children. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013;26(4):410–8. Key-study highlighting the importance of using appropriate methods to normalize cardiac structures for body size. The authors found that scaling LV mass to BSA in children results in less misclassification with respect to LVH than does scaling to height.
  • 82
    • 0028849191 scopus 로고
    • Effect of lean body mass, fat mass, blood pressure, and sexual maturation on left ventricular mass in children and adolescents. Statistical, biological, and clinical significance
    • PID: 7586311, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK28%2FotVSkuw%3D%3
    • Daniels SR, Kimball TR, Morrison JA, Khoury P, Witt S, Meyer RA. Effect of lean body mass, fat mass, blood pressure, and sexual maturation on left ventricular mass in children and adolescents. Statistical, biological, and clinical significance. Circulation. 1995;92(11):3249–54.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , Issue.11 , pp. 3249-3254
    • Daniels, S.R.1    Kimball, T.R.2    Morrison, J.A.3    Khoury, P.4    Witt, S.5    Meyer, R.A.6
  • 83
    • 0032145715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The associations of body size and body composition with left ventricular mass: impacts for indexation in adults
    • PID: 9708475, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1cznt1Wrsg%3D%3
    • Hense HW, Gneiting B, Muscholl M, Broeckel U, Kuch B, Doering A, et al. The associations of body size and body composition with left ventricular mass: impacts for indexation in adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32(2):451–7.
    • (1998) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 451-457
    • Hense, H.W.1    Gneiting, B.2    Muscholl, M.3    Broeckel, U.4    Kuch, B.5    Doering, A.6
  • 84
    • 0033031951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel method for indexing echocardiographic left ventricular mass in infants, children and adolescents: evaluation of obesity-induced left ventricular hypertrophy
    • PID: 10221013, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1M3jslelsA%3D%3
    • Hashimoto I, Ichida F, Tsubata S, Hamamichi Y, Uese K, Miyazaki A, et al. A novel method for indexing echocardiographic left ventricular mass in infants, children and adolescents: evaluation of obesity-induced left ventricular hypertrophy. Pediatr Int. 1999;41(2):126–31.
    • (1999) Pediatr Int , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 126-131
    • Hashimoto, I.1    Ichida, F.2    Tsubata, S.3    Hamamichi, Y.4    Uese, K.5    Miyazaki, A.6
  • 85
    • 55049132568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maturational and growth-related changes in left ventricular longitudinal strain and strain rate measured by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in healthy pediatric population
    • PID: 1899267
    • Lorch SM, Ludomirsky A, Singh GK. Maturational and growth-related changes in left ventricular longitudinal strain and strain rate measured by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in healthy pediatric population. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008;21(11):1207–15.
    • (2008) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.21 , Issue.11 , pp. 1207-1215
    • Lorch, S.M.1    Ludomirsky, A.2    Singh, G.K.3
  • 86
    • 79956353344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference values for myocardial two-dimensional strain echocardiography in a healthy pediatric and young adult cohort
    • PID: 2139294
    • Marcus KA, Mavinkurve-Groothuis AM, Barends M, van Dijk A, Feuth T, de Korte C, et al. Reference values for myocardial two-dimensional strain echocardiography in a healthy pediatric and young adult cohort. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011;24(6):625–36.
    • (2011) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 625-636
    • Marcus, K.A.1    Mavinkurve-Groothuis, A.M.2    Barends, M.3    van Dijk, A.4    Feuth, T.5    de Korte, C.6
  • 87
    • 34548231759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of weight loss due to lifestyle intervention on subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in obesity (body mass index >30 kg/m2)
    • Wong CY, Byrne NM, O'Moore-Sullivan T, Hills AP, Prins JB, Marwick TH. Effect of weight loss due to lifestyle intervention on subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in obesity (body mass index >30 kg/m2). Am J Cardiol. 2006;98(12):1593–8.
    • (2006) Am J Cardiol , vol.98 , Issue.12 , pp. 1593-1598
    • Wong, C.Y.1    Byrne, N.M.2    O'Moore-Sullivan, T.3    Hills, A.P.4    Prins, J.B.5    Marwick, T.H.6
  • 88
    • 33747046616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity in childhood and cardiovascular risk
    • PID: 16922816, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xps1Snuro%3
    • Burke V. Obesity in childhood and cardiovascular risk. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2006;33(9):831–7.
    • (2006) Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol , vol.33 , Issue.9 , pp. 831-837
    • Burke, V.1
  • 89
    • 0343580452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relations of left ventricular geometry and function to body composition in children with high casual blood pressure
    • PID: 931442
    • de Simone G, Mureddu GF, Greco R, Scalfi L, Del Puente AE, Franzese A, et al. Relations of left ventricular geometry and function to body composition in children with high casual blood pressure. Hypertension. 1997;30(3 Pt 1):377–82.
    • (1997) Hypertension , vol.30 , pp. 377-382
    • de Simone, G.1    Mureddu, G.F.2    Greco, R.3    Scalfi, L.4    Del Puente, A.E.5    Franzese, A.6
  • 90
    • 34547786779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of early atherosclerosis in obese children and adolescents
    • PID: 17519311, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXptl2hsLg%3
    • Beauloye V, Zech F, Tran HT, Clapuyt P, Maes M, Brichard SM. Determinants of early atherosclerosis in obese children and adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92(8):3025–32.
    • (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.92 , Issue.8 , pp. 3025-3032
    • Beauloye, V.1    Zech, F.2    Tran, H.T.3    Clapuyt, P.4    Maes, M.5    Brichard, S.M.6
  • 92
    • 24144502355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normative values for intima-media thickness and distensibility of large arteries in healthy adolescents
    • PID: 16093916, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXnt1yku74%3
    • Jourdan C, Wuhl E, Litwin M, Fahr K, Trelewicz J, Jobs K, et al. Normative values for intima-media thickness and distensibility of large arteries in healthy adolescents. J Hypertens. 2005;23(9):1707–15.
    • (2005) J Hypertens , vol.23 , Issue.9 , pp. 1707-1715
    • Jourdan, C.1    Wuhl, E.2    Litwin, M.3    Fahr, K.4    Trelewicz, J.5    Jobs, K.6
  • 93
    • 58249094150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum uric acid and its association with metabolic syndrome and carotid atherosclerosis in obese children
    • PID: 18952765, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVOhsb7
    • Pacifico L, Cantisani V, Anania C, Bonaiuto E, Martino F, Pascone R, et al. Serum uric acid and its association with metabolic syndrome and carotid atherosclerosis in obese children. Eur J Endocrinol. 2009;160(1):45–52.
    • (2009) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.160 , Issue.1 , pp. 45-52
    • Pacifico, L.1    Cantisani, V.2    Anania, C.3    Bonaiuto, E.4    Martino, F.5    Pascone, R.6
  • 94
    • 28444493326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intima media thickness in childhood obesity: relations to inflammatory marker, glucose metabolism, and blood pressure
    • PID: 16324929, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1Oms7f
    • Reinehr T, Kiess W, de Sousa G, Stoffel-Wagner B, Wunsch R. Intima media thickness in childhood obesity: relations to inflammatory marker, glucose metabolism, and blood pressure. Metabolism. 2006;55(1):113–8.
    • (2006) Metabolism , vol.55 , Issue.1 , pp. 113-118
    • Reinehr, T.1    Kiess, W.2    de Sousa, G.3    Stoffel-Wagner, B.4    Wunsch, R.5
  • 95
    • 26044443290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intima-media thickness in obesity: relation to hypertension and dyslipidaemia
    • PID: 16177171, COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2MrgsVemtw%3D%3
    • Wunsch R, de Sousa G, Reinehr T. Intima-media thickness in obesity: relation to hypertension and dyslipidaemia. Arch Dis Child. 2005;90(10):1097.
    • (2005) Arch Dis Child , vol.90 , Issue.10 , pp. 1097
    • Wunsch, R.1    de Sousa, G.2    Reinehr, T.3
  • 96
    • 20944451524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arterial intima-media thickening and endothelial dysfunction in obese Chinese children
    • PID: 1575080
    • Zhu W, Huang X, He J, Li M, Neubauer H. Arterial intima-media thickening and endothelial dysfunction in obese Chinese children. Eur J Pediatr. 2005;164(6):337–44.
    • (2005) Eur J Pediatr , vol.164 , Issue.6 , pp. 337-344
    • Zhu, W.1    Huang, X.2    He, J.3    Li, M.4    Neubauer, H.5
  • 97
    • 67650724094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased carotid intima-media thickness in pre-pubertal children with constitutional leanness and severe obesity: the speculative role of insulin sensitivity, oxidant status, and chronic inflammation
    • PID: 19423560, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXovVKktLc%3
    • Giannini C, de Giorgis T, Scarinci A, Cataldo I, Marcovecchio ML, Chiarelli F, et al. Increased carotid intima-media thickness in pre-pubertal children with constitutional leanness and severe obesity: the speculative role of insulin sensitivity, oxidant status, and chronic inflammation. Eur J Endocrinol. 2009;161(1):73–80.
    • (2009) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.161 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-80
    • Giannini, C.1    de Giorgis, T.2    Scarinci, A.3    Cataldo, I.4    Marcovecchio, M.L.5    Chiarelli, F.6
  • 98
    • 39449119206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obese related effects of inflammatory markers and insulin resistance on increased carotid intima media thickness in pre-pubertal children
    • PID: 17681348, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXisVSlsbc%3
    • Giannini C, de Giorgis T, Scarinci A, Ciampani M, Marcovecchio ML, Chiarelli F, et al. Obese related effects of inflammatory markers and insulin resistance on increased carotid intima media thickness in pre-pubertal children. Atherosclerosis. 2008;197(1):448–56.
    • (2008) Atherosclerosis , vol.197 , Issue.1 , pp. 448-456
    • Giannini, C.1    de Giorgis, T.2    Scarinci, A.3    Ciampani, M.4    Marcovecchio, M.L.5    Chiarelli, F.6
  • 99
    • 47649097839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction with metabolic syndrome in obese children
    • PID: 1857153
    • Mimoun E, Aggoun Y, Pousset M, Dubern B, Bougle D, Girardet JP, et al. Association of arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction with metabolic syndrome in obese children. J Pediatr. 2008;153(1):65–70.
    • (2008) J Pediatr , vol.153 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-70
    • Mimoun, E.1    Aggoun, Y.2    Pousset, M.3    Dubern, B.4    Bougle, D.5    Girardet, J.P.6
  • 100
    • 0037044397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of leptin on arterial distensibility: a novel link between obesity and cardiovascular disease?
    • Singhal A, Farooqi IS, Cole TJ, O'Rahilly S, Fewtrell M, Kattenhorn M, et al. Influence of leptin on arterial distensibility: a novel link between obesity and cardiovascular disease? Circulation. 2002;106(15):1919–24.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , Issue.15 , pp. 1919-1924
    • Singhal, A.1    Farooqi, I.S.2    Cole, T.J.3    O'Rahilly, S.4    Fewtrell, M.5    Kattenhorn, M.6
  • 101
    • 25444453177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arterial distensibility in adolescents: the influence of adiposity, the metabolic syndrome, and classic risk factors
    • PID: 16172286, COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2MrgtVWjsQ%3D%3
    • Whincup PH, Gilg JA, Donald AE, Katterhorn M, Oliver C, Cook DG, et al. Arterial distensibility in adolescents: the influence of adiposity, the metabolic syndrome, and classic risk factors. Circulation. 2005;112(12):1789–97.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , Issue.12 , pp. 1789-1797
    • Whincup, P.H.1    Gilg, J.A.2    Donald, A.E.3    Katterhorn, M.4    Oliver, C.5    Cook, D.G.6
  • 102
    • 34249016379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overweight and Hyperinsulinemia Provide Individual Contributions to Compromises in Brachial Artery Distensibility in Healthy Adolescents and Young Adults: Brachial Distensibility in Children
    • Urbina EM, Bean JA, Daniels SR, D'Alessio D, Dolan LM. Overweight and Hyperinsulinemia Provide Individual Contributions to Compromises in Brachial Artery Distensibility in Healthy Adolescents and Young Adults: Brachial Distensibility in Children. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2007;1(3):200–7.
    • (2007) J Am Soc Hypertens , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 200-207
    • Urbina, E.M.1    Bean, J.A.2    Daniels, S.R.3    D'Alessio, D.4    Dolan, L.M.5
  • 103
    • 64849114874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of adiposity and physical activity on arterial stiffness in healthy children: the lifestyle of our kids study
    • Sakuragi S, Abhayaratna K, Gravenmaker KJ, O'Reilly C, Srikusalanukul W, Budge MM, et al. Influence of adiposity and physical activity on arterial stiffness in healthy children: the lifestyle of our kids study. Hypertension. 2009;53(4):611–6.
    • (2009) Hypertension , vol.53 , Issue.4 , pp. 611-616
    • Sakuragi, S.1    Abhayaratna, K.2    Gravenmaker, K.J.3    O'Reilly, C.4    Srikusalanukul, W.5    Budge, M.M.6
  • 104
    • 33847279130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy adolescents
    • PID: 1730753
    • Im JA, Lee JW, Shim JY, Lee HR, Lee DC. Association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy adolescents. J Pediatr. 2007;150(3):247–51.
    • (2007) J Pediatr , vol.150 , Issue.3 , pp. 247-251
    • Im, J.A.1    Lee, J.W.2    Shim, J.Y.3    Lee, H.R.4    Lee, D.C.5
  • 105
    • 67649450290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of obesity and metabolic risk variables on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in healthy adolescents
    • PID: 19078989, COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1MvisF2hsQ%3D%3
    • Miyai N, Arita M, Miyashita K, Morioka I, Takeda S. The influence of obesity and metabolic risk variables on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in healthy adolescents. J Hum Hypertens. 2009;23(7):444–50.
    • (2009) J Hum Hypertens , vol.23 , Issue.7 , pp. 444-450
    • Miyai, N.1    Arita, M.2    Miyashita, K.3    Morioka, I.4    Takeda, S.5
  • 106
    • 33746488805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in Japanese children
    • PID: 1663681
    • Niboshi A, Hamaoka K, Sakata K, Inoue F. Characteristics of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in Japanese children. Eur J Pediatr. 2006;165(9):625–9.
    • (2006) Eur J Pediatr , vol.165 , Issue.9 , pp. 625-629
    • Niboshi, A.1    Hamaoka, K.2    Sakata, K.3    Inoue, F.4
  • 107
    • 33646841474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired flow-mediated vasodilation, carotid artery intima-media thickening, and elevated endothelial plasma markers in obese children: the impact of cardiovascular risk factors
    • PID: 1665130
    • Meyer AA, Kundt G, Steiner M, Schuff-Werner P, Kienast W. Impaired flow-mediated vasodilation, carotid artery intima-media thickening, and elevated endothelial plasma markers in obese children: the impact of cardiovascular risk factors. Pediatrics. 2006;117(5):1560–7.
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.117 , Issue.5 , pp. 1560-1567
    • Meyer, A.A.1    Kundt, G.2    Steiner, M.3    Schuff-Werner, P.4    Kienast, W.5
  • 108
    • 56549088872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of left ventricular functional abnormalities in hypertensive patients with heart failure: an ultrasonic two-dimensional speckle tracking study
    • PID: 1904157
    • Kosmala W, Plaksej R, Strotmann JM, Weigel C, Herrmann S, Niemann M, et al. Progression of left ventricular functional abnormalities in hypertensive patients with heart failure: an ultrasonic two-dimensional speckle tracking study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008;21(12):1309–17.
    • (2008) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.21 , Issue.12 , pp. 1309-1317
    • Kosmala, W.1    Plaksej, R.2    Strotmann, J.M.3    Weigel, C.4    Herrmann, S.5    Niemann, M.6
  • 110
    • 70349434781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of the metabolic syndrome and its influence on carotid artery intima media thickness in overweight Latino children
    • PID: 19446812, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXht1aju7b
    • Toledo-Corral CM, Ventura EE, Hodis HN, Weigensberg MJ, Lane CJ, Li Y, et al. Persistence of the metabolic syndrome and its influence on carotid artery intima media thickness in overweight Latino children. Atherosclerosis. 2009;206(2):594–8.
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.206 , Issue.2 , pp. 594-598
    • Toledo-Corral, C.M.1    Ventura, E.E.2    Hodis, H.N.3    Weigensberg, M.J.4    Lane, C.J.5    Li, Y.6
  • 111
    • 41149151710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired endothelial and smooth muscle functions and arterial stiffness appear before puberty in obese children and are associated with elevated ambulatory blood pressure
    • PID: 1824511
    • Aggoun Y, Farpour-Lambert NJ, Marchand LM, Golay E, Maggio AB, Beghetti M. Impaired endothelial and smooth muscle functions and arterial stiffness appear before puberty in obese children and are associated with elevated ambulatory blood pressure. Eur Heart J. 2008;29(6):792–9.
    • (2008) Eur Heart J , vol.29 , Issue.6 , pp. 792-799
    • Aggoun, Y.1    Farpour-Lambert, N.J.2    Marchand, L.M.3    Golay, E.4    Maggio, A.B.5    Beghetti, M.6
  • 112
    • 33750203009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A proinflammatory state is detectable in obese children and is accompanied by functional and morphological vascular changes
    • PID: 16973973, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVyitbj
    • Kapiotis S, Holzer G, Schaller G, Haumer M, Widhalm H, Weghuber D, et al. A proinflammatory state is detectable in obese children and is accompanied by functional and morphological vascular changes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006;26(11):2541–6.
    • (2006) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.26 , Issue.11 , pp. 2541-2546
    • Kapiotis, S.1    Holzer, G.2    Schaller, G.3    Haumer, M.4    Widhalm, H.5    Weghuber, D.6
  • 113
    • 0031866261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relations of body composition to left ventricular geometry and function in children
    • PID: 9627597, COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1c3ptFSltQ%3D%3
    • Gutin B, Treiber F, Owens S, Mensah GA. Relations of body composition to left ventricular geometry and function in children. J Pediatr. 1998;132(6):1023–7.
    • (1998) J Pediatr , vol.132 , Issue.6 , pp. 1023-1027
    • Gutin, B.1    Treiber, F.2    Owens, S.3    Mensah, G.A.4
  • 114
    • 33746379573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity cardiomyopathy: is it a reality? An ultrasonic tissue characterization study
    • PID: 1688010
    • Di Bello V, Santini F, Di Cori A, Pucci A, Palagi C, Delle Donne MG, et al. Obesity cardiomyopathy: is it a reality? An ultrasonic tissue characterization study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2006;19(8):1063–71.
    • (2006) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.19 , Issue.8 , pp. 1063-1071
    • Di Bello, V.1    Santini, F.2    Di Cori, A.3    Pucci, A.4    Palagi, C.5    Delle Donne, M.G.6
  • 115
    • 34548216360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity cardiomyopathy: diagnosis and therapeutic implications
    • PID: 1771236
    • Wong C, Marwick TH. Obesity cardiomyopathy: diagnosis and therapeutic implications. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 2007;4(9):480–90.
    • (2007) Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med , vol.4 , Issue.9 , pp. 480-490
    • Wong, C.1    Marwick, T.H.2
  • 116
    • 71849101023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired vascular function in obese adolescents with insulin resistance
    • PID: 19595374, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXht1Ogu7z
    • Mahmud FH, Hill DJ, Cuerden MS, Clarson CL. Impaired vascular function in obese adolescents with insulin resistance. J Pediatr. 2009;155(5):678–82.
    • (2009) J Pediatr , vol.155 , Issue.5 , pp. 678-682
    • Mahmud, F.H.1    Hill, D.J.2    Cuerden, M.S.3    Clarson, C.L.4
  • 117
    • 2942649189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low grade inflammation in juvenile obesity and type 1 diabetes associated with early signs of atherosclerosis
    • PID: 15239023, COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmtVenu78%3
    • Mangge H, Schauenstein K, Stroedter L, Griesl A, Maerz W, Borkenstein M. Low grade inflammation in juvenile obesity and type 1 diabetes associated with early signs of atherosclerosis. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2004;112(7):378–82.
    • (2004) Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes , vol.112 , Issue.7 , pp. 378-382
    • Mangge, H.1    Schauenstein, K.2    Stroedter, L.3    Griesl, A.4    Maerz, W.5    Borkenstein, M.6
  • 118
    • 33750459008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement of early vascular changes and cardiovascular risk factors in obese children after a six-month exercise program
    • PID: 1708426
    • Meyer AA, Kundt G, Lenschow U, Schuff-Werner P, Kienast W. Improvement of early vascular changes and cardiovascular risk factors in obese children after a six-month exercise program. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48(9):1865–70.
    • (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.48 , Issue.9 , pp. 1865-1870
    • Meyer, A.A.1    Kundt, G.2    Lenschow, U.3    Schuff-Werner, P.4    Kienast, W.5
  • 121
    • 0036584779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular structure and function in obese adolescents: relations to cardiovascular fitness, percent body fat, and visceral adiposity, and effects of physical training
    • PID: 1198647
    • Mitchell BM, Gutin B, Kapuku G, Barbeau P, Humphries MC, Owens S, et al. Left ventricular structure and function in obese adolescents: relations to cardiovascular fitness, percent body fat, and visceral adiposity, and effects of physical training. Pediatrics. 2002;109(5):E73–3.
    • (2002) Pediatrics , vol.109 , Issue.5 , pp. E73
    • Mitchell, B.M.1    Gutin, B.2    Kapuku, G.3    Barbeau, P.4    Humphries, M.C.5    Owens, S.6
  • 122
    • 62849109917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance training and diastolic myocardial tissue velocities in obese children
    • PID: 1898194
    • Naylor LH, Watts K, Sharpe JA, Jones TW, Davis EA, Thompson A, et al. Resistance training and diastolic myocardial tissue velocities in obese children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40(12):2027–32.
    • (2008) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.40 , Issue.12 , pp. 2027-2032
    • Naylor, L.H.1    Watts, K.2    Sharpe, J.A.3    Jones, T.W.4    Davis, E.A.5    Thompson, A.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.