Urban resilience: two diverging interpretations

Journal of Urbanism

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 222-240

  Caputo, Silvio ^a   Caserio, Maria ^b   Coles, Richard ^b   Jankovic, Ljubomir ^b   Gaterell, Mark R ^a  

^a Institute for Clean Growth and Future Mobility   (United Kingdom)

^b BIRMINGHAM CITY UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

urban adaptability; urban resilience; urban systems

Indexed keywords

EID: 84934443300     PISSN: 17549175     EISSN: 17549183     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17549175.2014.990913     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. W.N.Adger, 2000. “Social and Ecological Resilience: Are They Related?” Progress in Human Geography 24 (3): 347–364.
2. J.Ahern, 2011. “From Fail-safe to Safe-to-fail: Sustainability and Resilience in the New Urban World.” Landscape and Urban Planning 100: 341–343.10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.02.021
3. M.Alberti, 1999a. “Urban Patterns and Environmental Performance: What Do We Know?” Journal of Planning Education and Research 19 (2): 151–163.10.1177/0739456X9901900205
4. M.Alberti, 1999b. “Modeling the Urban Ecosystem: A Conceptual Framework.” Environment and Planning II Planning and Design 26: 603–630.
5. M.Alberti, 2005. “The Effects of Urban Patterns on Ecosystem Function.” International Regional Science Review 28: 168–192.10.1177/0160017605275160
6. M.Alberti,, and J.M.Marzluff. 2004. “Ecological Resilience in Urban Ecosystems: Linking Urban Patterns to Human and Ecological Functions.” Urban Ecosystems 7 (3): 241–265.10.1023/B:UECO.0000044038.90173.c6
7. M.Alberti,, J.M.Marzluff, E.Shulenberger, G.Bradley, C.Ryan, and C.Zumbrunnen. 2003. “Integrating Humans into Ecology: Opportunities and Challenges for Studying Ecosystems.” BioScience 53 (12): 1169–1179.10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[1169:IHIEOA]2.0.CO;2
8. A.Balducci,, L.Boelens, J.Hillier, T.Nyseth, and C.Wilkinson. 2011. “Strategic Spatial Planning in Uncertainty: Theory and Exploratory Practice.” Town Planning Review 82 (5): 481–501.10.3828/tpr.2011.29
9. U.Beck, 2009. World at Risk. Cambridge: Polity Press.
10. S.Blandy,, and D.Lister. 2005. “Gated Communities: (Ne)Gating Community Development?” Housing Studies 20 (2): 287–301.10.1080/026730303042000331781
11. N.Blumner, 2006. Planning for the Unplanned: Tools and Techniques for Interim Use in Germany and the United States. Deutsches Institut für Urbanistik.
12. M.Bonaiuti,, ed. 2003. Bioeconomia: Verso Un’altra Economia Ecologicamente E Socialmente Sostenibile [Bioeconomy: Towards a Socially and Environmentally Sustainable Economy]. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri.
13. L.Bosher, 2009. “Briefieng: Researching a More Resilient Built Environment.” Urban Design and Planning 162 (DP2): 59–61.10.1680/udap.2009.162.2.59
14. L.Bosher,, and A.Dainty. 2011. “Disaster Risk Reduction and ‘Built-in’ Resilience: Towards Overarching Principles for Construction Practice.” Disasters 35 (1): 1–18.10.1111/disa.2011.35.issue-1
15. Building Research Establishment. 2011. BREEAM New Construction – Non Domestic Buildings – Technical Manual 2011. London: BRE.
16. T.J.Campanella, 2006. “Urban Resilience and the Recovery of New Orleans.” Journal of the American Planning Association 72 (2): 141–146.10.1080/01944360608976734
17. F.Capra, 1997. The Web of Life: A New Synthesis of Mind and Matter. London: Harper Collins.
18. S.Carpenter,, B.Walker, M.J.Anderies, and A.Abel. 2001. “From Metaphor to Measurement: Resilience of What to What?” Ecosystems 4: 765–781.10.1007/s10021-001-0045-9
19. M.C.Childs, 2001. “Civic Ecosystems.” Journal of Urban Design 6 (1): 55–72.10.1080/13574800120032879
20. J.Coaffee, 2008. “Risk, Resilience, and Environmentally Sustainable Cities.” Energy Policy 36: 4633–4638.10.1016/j.enpol.2008.09.048
21. J.Coaffee,, and P.Rogers. 2008. “Rebordering the City for New Security Challenges: From Counter-terrorism to Community Resilience.” Space and Polity 12 (1): 101–118.10.1080/13562570801969556
22. J.Coaffee,, C.Moore, D.Fletcher, and L.Bosher. 2008. “Resilient Design for Community Safety and Terror-resistant Cities.” Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers – Municipal Engineer 161 (ME2): 103–110.10.1680/muen.2008.161.2.103
23. Deltacommissie. 2008. Working Together with Water. Rotterdam: Hollandia Printing. http://www.deltacommissie.com/doc/deltareport_full.pdf.
24. Department for Communities and Local Government. 2006. Planning Policy Statement 25: Development and Flood Risk. London: DCLG.
25. Department for Communities and Local Government. 2007a. Flood Resilient Construction: Improving the Flood Performance of New Buildings. London: RIBA Publishing.
26. Department for Communities and Local Government. 2007b. Planning and Climate Change: Supplement to Planning Policy Statement 1. London: TSO.
27. Department for Communities and Local Government. 2009. Planning Policy Statement 25: Development and Flood Risk Practice Guide. London: DCLG.
28. Department for Communities and Local Governments. 2010. Code for Sustainable Homes: Technical Guide – December 2010. London: DCLG.
29. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. 2005. Making Space for Water. London: DEFRA Publications.
30. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions – CABE. 2000. By Design – Urban Design in the Planning System: Towards Better Practice. London: DETR.
31. N.R.L.de Duren, 2009. “Urban Planning and State Reform: From Industrial Suburbs to Gated Communities.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 28: 310–322.
32. T.Elmqvist, 2013. “Urban Sustainability and Resilience – Why We Need to Focus on Scales.” Accessed June 13. http://www.thenatureofcities.com/author/thomaselmqvist/
33. Environment Agency/DEFRA 2011. Understanding the Risks, Empowering Communities, Building Resilience – National Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management Strategy for England. Bristol: Environment Agency.
34. S.F.Fainstein, 2005. “Cities and Diversity: Should We Want It? Can We Plan for It?” Urban Affairs Review 41 (1): 3–19.10.1177/1078087405278968
35. R.A.Fenner,, and T.Ryce. 2008. “A Comparative Analysis of Two Building Rating Systems. Part 1: Evaluation.” Engineering Sustainability 161 (1): 55–63.10.1680/ensu.2008.161.1.55
36. C.Folke, 2006. “Resilience: The Emergence of a Perspective for Social–Ecological Systems Analyses.” Global Environmental Change 16: 253–267.10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.04.002
37. C.Folke,, S.Carpenter, T.Elmqvist, L.Gunderson, C.S.Holling, and B.Walker. 2002b. “Resilience and Sustainable Development: Building Adaptive Capacity in a World of Transformations.” AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 31 (5): 437–440.
38. C.Folke,, S.Carpenter,, T.Elmqvist,, L.Gunderson,, C.S.Holling,, B.Walker,, J.Bengtsson, . 2002a. Resilience and Sustainable Development: Building Adaptive Capacity in a World of Transformations, Minister of the Environment, Stockholm. Accessed February 11, 2013. www.mvb.gov.se
39. C.Folke,, S.R.Carpenter,, B.Walker,, M.Scheffer,, T.Chapin,, and J.Rockström, 2010. “Resilience Thinking: Integrating Resilience, Adaptability and Transformability.” Ecology and Society 15(4): 437. http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss4/art20/.
40. Foresight. 2004. Future Flooding. London: The Government Office for Science.
41. Foresight. 2008. Sustainable Energy Management and the Built Environment Project Final Project Report. London: The Government Office for Science.
42. Foresight. 2011. The Future of Food and Farming: Challenges and Choices for Global Sustainability. London: The Government Office for Science.
43. G.C.Gallopın, 2006. “Linkages between Vulnerability, Resilience, and Adaptive Capacity.” Global Environmental Change 16: 293–303.10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.02.004
44. N.Georgescu-Roegen, 1972. “The Entropy Law and the Economic Problem.” The Ecologist 2 (7): 13–18.
45. B.Gething, 2010. Design for Future Climate: Opportunities for Adaptation in the Built Environment. Technology Strategy Board.
46. J.E.Gordon, 1978. Structures: Why Things Don’t Fall down. London: Penguin Books.
47. N.M.Gotts, 2007. Resilience, Panarchy, and World-systems Analysis. Ecology and Society 12 (1): 24. http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol12/iss1/art24/.
48. L.H.Gunderson,, and C.S.Holling, eds. 2002. Panarchy: Understanding Transformations in Human and Natural Systems. Washington: Island Press.
49. W.A.H.Hamilton, 2009. “Resilience and the City: The Water Sector.” Urban Design and Planning 162 (DP3): 109–121.10.1680/udap.2009.162.3.109
50. J.Hillier, 2005. “Straddling the Post-structuralist Abyss: Between Transcendence and Immanence?” Planning Theory 4 (3): 271–299.10.1177/1473095205058497
51. J.Hillier, 2011. “Strategic Navigation across Multiple Planes -towards a Deleuzean-Inspired Methodology for Strategic Spatial Planning.” Town Planning Review 82 (5): 503–527.10.3828/tpr.2011.30
52. HM Government-DEFRA. 2011. Climate Resilient Infrastructure: Preparing for a Changing Climate. London: The Stationary Office.
53. C.S.Holling, 1973. “Resilience and Stability of Ecological Systems.” Annual Review of of Ecology & Systematics 4: 1–23.
54. C.S.Holling, 1996. “Engineering Resilience versus Ecological Resilience.” In Engineering within Ecological Constraints, edited by P.C.Schulze, 31–43. Washington: National Academy Press.
55. C.S.Holling,, and B.H.Walker 2003. “Resilience Defined.” In International Society of Ecological Economics (ed.), Internet Encyclopedia of Ecological Economics. Accessed December 2, 2011. http://www.ecoeco.org/pdf/resilience.pdf
56. M.Höök,, and X.Tang. 2013. “Depletion of Fossil Fuels and Anthropogenic Climate Change – A Review.” Energy Policy 52: 797–809.10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.046
57. Y.Jabareen, 2013. “Planning the Resilient City: Concepts and Strategies for Coping with Climate Change and Environmental Risk.” Cities 31: 220–229.10.1016/j.cities.2012.05.004
58. J.Jacobs, 1993 [1961]. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York: The Modern Library.
59. M.Kloos,, and Y.de Korte. 2007. Mooring Site Amsterdam – Living on Water. Amsterdam: ARCAM/Architectura & Natura Press.
60. J.E.Lamond,, and D.G.Proverb. 2009. “Resilience to Flooding: Lessons from International Comparison.” Urban Design and Planning 162 (DP2): 63–70.10.1680/udap.2009.162.2.63
61. K.Magis, 2010. “Community Resilience: An Indicator of Social Sustainability.” Society and Natural Resources 23: 401–416.10.1080/08941920903305674
62. S.B.Manyena, 2006. “The Concept of Resilience Revisited.” Disasters 30 (4): 433–450.
63. L.Mumford, 1961. The City in History. Orlando: Harcourt.
64. Municipality of Rotterdam. 2007. Watreplan Rotterdam: Working on Water for an Attractive City. London: Municipality of Rotterdam/Delta Water Board.
65. F.H.Norris,, S.P.Stevens, B.Pfefferbaum, K.F.Wyche, and R.L.Pfefferbaum. 2008. “Community Resilience as a Metaphor, Theory, Set of Capacities, and Strategy for Disaster Readiness.” American Journal of Community Psychology 41: 127–150.
66. Home Office. 2010. Crowded Places: The Planning System and Counter-Terrorism. London: Home Office.
67. Office of the Deputy Prime Minister. 2005. Planning Policy Statement 1: Delivering Sustainable Development. London: ODPM.
68. Office of the Deputy Prime Minister/Home Office. 2004. Safer Places: The Planning System and Crime Prevention. London: ODPM.
69. M.Pelling, 2011. Adaptation to Climate Change: From Resilience to Transformation. Oxon: Routledge.
70. S.T.A.Pickett,, M.L.Cadenasso, and J.M.Grove. 2004. “Resilient Cities: Meaning, Models, and Metaphor for Integrating the Ecological, Socio-economic, and Planning Realms.” Landscape and Urban Planning 69: 369–384.10.1016/j.landurbplan.2003.10.035
71. T.Pierce,, and A.Williams. 2011. “The Sanitised City: If You’ve Done Nothing Wrong ….” In The Lire of the City: From Slums to Suburbs, edited by A.Williams and A.Donald, 117–135. London: Pluto Press.
72. S.L.Pimm, 1984. “The Complexity and Stability of Ecosystems.” Nature 307: 321–326.10.1038/307321a0
73. A.Power, 2010. “Housing and Sustainability: Demolition or Refurbishment?” Urban Design and Planning 163 (4): 205–216.10.1680/udap.2010.163.4.205
74. M.Raco, 2003. “Remaking Place and Securitising Space: Urban Regeneration and the Strategies.” Tactics and Practices of Policing in the UK, Urban Studies 40 (9): 1869–1887.
75. S.Roaf, 2005. Adapting Building and Cities for Climate Change. Oxford: Architectural Press.
76. C.D.F.Rogers,, D.R.Lombardi, J.M.Leach, and R.F.D.Cooper. 2011. “The Urban Futures Methodology Applied to Urban Regeneration.” Engineering Sustainability 165 (1): 5–20.
77. C.D.F.Rogers,, C.J.Bouch, S.Williams, A.R.G.Barber, C.J.Baker, J.R.Bryson, D.N.Chapman. 2012. “Resistance and Resilience – Paradigms for Critical Local Infrastructure.” Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Municipal Engineer 165 (2): 73–84.
78. H.RoyalHaskoning. 2011. Building the Water Sensitive City: Water in the City of the Future. VHP/Royal Haskoning. http://www.urban-drainage.com/watersensitivecity.
79. Royal Institute of British Architects. 2009. Climate Change Toolkit – 07. Designing for Flood. London: RIBA.
80. Royal Institute of British Architects. 2010. Guidance on Designing for Counter-Terrorism. London: RIBA.
81. T.W.Sanchez,, R.E.Lang, and D.M.Dhavale. 2005. “Security versus Status?: A First Look at the Census’s Gated Community Data.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 24: 281–291.10.1177/0739456X04270127
82. B.Smit,, and J.Wandel. 2006. “Adaptation, Adaptive Capacity and Vulnerability.” Global Environmental Change 16: 282–292.10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.03.008
83. K.Steemers, 2003. “Towards a Research Agenda for Adapting to Climate Change.” Building Research & Information 31 (3–4): 291–301.
84. Sustainable Development Commission. 2006. ‘Stock Take’: Delivering Improvements in Existing Housing. London: SDC.
85. Sustainable Development Commission. 2011. Looking Back, Looking Forward – Sustainability and UK Food Policy 2000–2011. London: SDC.
86. Swanstrom. 2002. “Are Fear and Urbanism at War?” Urban Affairs Review 38 (1): 135–140.
87. United Nations Secretary-General’s High-Level Panel on Global Sustainability. 2012. Resilient People, Resilient Planet – A Future worth Choosing, Overview. New York: United Nations.
88. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. 2012. “Making Cities Resilient – Report 2012.” UNISDR. http://www.unisdr.org/files/28240_rcreport.pdf.
89. J.Vasagar, 2012. Sold-off Cities: The Rise in Private Ownership of Public Spaces (In: The Guardian 12-06-2012).
90. J.Walker,, and M.Cooper. 2011. “Genealogies of Resilience: From Systems Ecology to the Political Economy of Crisis Adaptation.” Security Dialogue 42 (2): 143–160.10.1177/0967010611399616
91. B.H.Walker,, C.S.Holling,, S.R.Carpenter,, and A.Kinzig 2004. Resilience, Adaptability and Transformability in Social–ecological Systems, Ecology and Society 9 (2):145. http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol9/iss2/art5.
92. C.Wamsler,, E.Brink, and C.Rivera. 2013. “Planning for Climate Change in Urban Areas: From Theory to Practice.” Journal of Cleaner Production 50: 68–81.10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.12.008
93. P.de Wilde,, and D.Coley. 2012. “The Implications of a Changing Climate for Buildings.” Building and Environment 55: 1–7.10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.03.014
94. Wilkinson. 2012. “Social-ecological Resilience: Insights and Issues for Planning Theory.” Planning Theory 11 (2): 148–169.
95. K.Williams,, J.L.R.Joynt, C.Payne, D.Hopkins, and I.Smith. 2012. “The Conditions for, and Challenges of, Adapting England’s Suburbs for Climate Change.” Building and Environment 55: 131–140.10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.11.015
96. O.R.Young,, F.Berkhout, G.C.Gallopin, M.A.Janssen, E.Ostrom, and S.van der Leeuw. 2006. “The Globalization of Socio-ecological Systems: An Agenda for Scientific Research.” Global Environmental Change 16: 304–316.10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.03.004
97. M.P.Zari, 2010. “Biomimetic Design for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation.” Architectural Science Review 53 (2): 172–183.