Attention and predictions: Control of spatial attention beyond the endogenous-exogenous dichotomy

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Volumn , Issue OCT, 2013, Pages

  Macaluso, Emiliano ^a   Doricchi, Fabrizio ^a,b  

^a IRCCS FONDAZIONE SANTA LUCIA   (Italy)

^b SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

Author keywords

Endogenous; Exogenous; Parietal cortex; Prediction; Salience

Indexed keywords

ATTENTION; BASAL GANGLION; BRAIN FUNCTION; BRAIN REGION; EVENT RELATED POTENTIAL; HEMISPHERIC DOMINANCE; HIPPOCAMPUS; HUMAN; INFERIOR FRONTAL GYRUS; INFERIOR ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; INFERIOR PARIETAL LOBULE; INSULA; INTRAPARIETAL SULCUS; LONG TERM MEMORY; MIDDLE FRONTAL GYRUS; PATTERN RECOGNITION; POSTERIOR PARIETAL CORTEX; REVIEW; SECONDARY VISUAL CORTEX; SPATIAL ATTENTION; STRIATE CORTEX; TEMPORO PARIETAL JUNCTION; VISUAL AREA V3; VISUAL AREA V4; VISUAL CORTEX; WORKING MEMORY;

EID: 84933675210     PISSN: 16625161     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00685     Document Type: Review

References (120)

1. Anderson, E. J., Mannan, S. K., Rees, G., Sumner, P., and Kennard, C. (2010). Overlapping functional anatomy for working memory and visual search. Exp. Brain Res. 200, 91-107. doi: 10.1007/s00221-009-2000-5
2. Andersen, R. A., Snyder, L. H., Li, C. S., and Stricanne, B. (1993). Coordinate transformations in the representation of spatial information. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 3, 171-176. doi: 10.1016/0959-4388(93)90206-e
3. Arrington, C. M., Carr, T. H., Mayer, A. R., and Rao, S. M. (2000). Neural mechanisms of visual attention: object-based selection of a region in space. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12(Suppl. 2), 106-117. doi: 10.1162/089892900563975
4. Asplund, C. L., Todd, J. J., Snyder, A. P., and Marois, R. (2010). A central role for the lateral prefrontal cortex in goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention. Nat. Neurosci. 13, 507-514. doi: 10.1038/nn.2509
5. Awh, E., and Jonides, J. (2001). Overlapping mechanisms of attention and spatial working memory. Trends Cogn. Sci. 5, 119-126. doi: 10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01593-x
6. Bartolomeo, P., Sieroff, E., Decaix, C., and Chokron, S. (2001). Modulating the attentional bias in unilateral neglect: the effects of the strategic set. Exp. Brain Res. 137, 432-444. doi: 10.1007/s002210000642
7. Bartolomeo, P., Thiebaut de Schotten, M., and Doricchi, F. (2007). Left unilateral neglect as a disconnection syndrome. Cereb. Cortex 17, 2479-2490. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhl181
8. Berger, A., Henik, A., and Rafal, R. (2005). Competition between endogenous and exogenous orienting of visual attention. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 134, 207-221. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.134.2.207
9. Bisley, J. W., and Goldberg, M. E. (2003). Neuronal activity in the lateral intraparietal area and spatial attention. Science 299, 81-86. doi: 10.1126/science.1077395
10. Bogler, C., Bode, S., and Haynes, J. D. (2011). Decoding successive computational stages of saliency processing. Curr. Biol. 21, 1667-1671. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2011.08.039
11. Bordier, C., Puja, F., and Macaluso, E. (2013). Sensory processing during viewing of cinematographic material: computational modeling and functional neuroimaging. Neuroimage 67, 213-226. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.11.031
12. Borji, A., and Itti, L. (2013). State-of-the-art in visual attention modeling. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 35, 185-207. doi: 10.1109/tpami.2012.89
13. Bruce, C. J., and Goldberg, M. E. (1985). Primate frontal eye fields. I. Single neurons discharging before saccades. J. Neurophysiol. 53, 603-635.
14. Bundesen, C., Habekost, T., and Kyllingsbaek, S. (2011). A neural theory of visual attention and short-term memory (NTVA). Neuropsychologia 49, 1446-1457. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.12.006
15. Buschman, T. J., and Miller, E. K. (2007). Top-down versus bottom-up control of attention in the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices. Science 315, 1860-1862. doi: 10.1126/science.1138071
16. Carmi, R., and Itti, L. (2006). Visual causes versus correlates of attentional selection in dynamic scenes. Vision Res. 46, 4333-4345. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2006.08.019
17. Chambers, C. D., Payne, J. M., Stokes, M. G., and Mattingley, J. B. (2004). Fast and slow parietal pathways mediate spatial attention. Nat. Neurosci. 7, 217-218. doi: 10.1038/nn1203
18. Chawla, D., Rees, G., and Friston, K. J. (1999). The physiological basis of attentional modulation in extrastriate visual areas. Nat. Neurosci. 2, 671-676. doi: 10.1038/10230
19. Colby, C. L., and Goldberg, M. E. (1999). Space and attention in parietal cortex. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 22, 319-349. doi: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.22.1.319
20. Constantinidis, C., and Steinmetz, M. A. (2001). Neuronal responses in area 7a to multiple-stimulus displays: I. neurons encode the location of the salient stimulus. Cereb. Cortex 11, 581-591. doi: 10.1093/cercor/11.7.581
21. Corbetta, M., Kincade, J. M., and Shulman, G. L. (2002). Neural systems for visual orienting and their relationships to spatial working memory. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 14, 508-523. doi: 10.1162/089892902317362029
22. Corbetta, M., Miezin, F. M., Shulman, G. L., and Petersen, S. E. (1993). A PET study of visuospatial attention. J. Neurosci. 13, 1202-1226.
23. Corbetta, M., Patel, G., and Shulman, G. L. (2008). The reorienting system of the human brain: from environment to theory of mind. Neuron 58, 306-324. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.04.017
24. Corbetta, M., and Shulman, G. L. (2002). Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3, 215-215. doi: 10.1038/nrn755
25. Coull, J. T., and Nobre, A. C. (1998). Where and when to pay attention: the neural systems for directing attention to spatial locations and to time intervals as revealed by both PET and fMRI. J. Neurosci. 18, 7426-7435.
26. Cowan, N. (1993). Activation, attention, and short-term memory. Mem. Cognit. 21, 162-167. doi: 10.3758/bf03202728
27. den Ouden, H. E., Daunizeau, J., Roiser, J., Friston, K. J., and Stephan, K. E. (2010). Striatal prediction error modulates cortical coupling. J. Neurosci. 30, 3210-3219. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.4458-09.2010
28. Desimone, R., and Duncan, J. (1995). Neural mechanisms of selective visual attention. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 18, 193-222. doi: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.18.1.193
29. DiQuattro, N. E., and Geng, J. J. (2011). Contextual knowledge configures attentional control networks. J. Neurosci. 31, 18026-18035. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.4040-11.2011
30. DiRusso, F., Aprile, T., Spitoni, G., and Spinelli, D. (2008). Impaired visual processing of contralesional stimuli in neglect patients: a visual-evoked potential study. Brain 131, 842-854. doi: 10.1093/brain/awm281
31. Doricchi, F., Macci, E., Silvetti, M., and Macaluso, E. (2010). Neural correlates of the spatial and expectancy components of endogenous and stimulus-driven orienting of attention in the Posner task. Cereb. Cortex 20, 1574-1585. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhp215
32. Doricchi, F., Thiebaut de Schotten, M., Tomaiuolo, F., and Bartolomeo, P. (2008). White matter (dis)connections and gray matter (dys)functions in visual neglect: gaining insights into the brain networks of spatial awareness. Cortex 44, 983-995. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2008.03.006
33. Doricchi, F., and Tomaiuolo, F. (2003). The anatomy of neglect without hemianopia: a key role for parietal-frontal disconnection? Neuroreport 14, 2239-2243. doi: 10.1097/00001756-200312020-00021
34. Einhauser, W., Mundhenk, T. N., Baldi, P., Koch, C., and Itti, L. (2007). A bottom-up model of spatial attention predicts human error patterns in rapid scene recognition. J. Vis. 7, 6-13. doi: 10.1167/7.10.6
35. Elazary, L., and Itti, L. (2008). Interesting objects are visually salient. J. Vis. 8, 3-15. doi: 10.1167/8.3.3
36. Eriksen, C. W., and Yeh, Y. Y. (1985). Allocation of attention in the visual field. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 11, 583-597. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.11.5.583
37. Fairhall, S. L., Indovina, I., Driver, J., and Macaluso, E. (2009). The brain network underlying serial visual search: comparing overt and covert spatial orienting, for activations and for effective connectivity. Cereb. Cortex 19, 2946-2958. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhp064
38. Feldman, H., and Friston, K. J. (2010). Attention, uncertainty, and free-energy. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 4:215. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2010.00215
39. Fine, M. S., and Minnery, B. S. (2009). Visual salience affects performance in a working memory task. J. Neurosci. 29, 8016-8021. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.5503-08.2009
40. Folk, C. L., Remington, R. W., and Johnston, J. C. (1992). Involuntary covert orienting is contingent on attentional control settings. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 18, 1030-1044. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.18.4.1030
41. Friedrich, F. J., Egly, R., Rafal, R. D., and Beck, D. (1998). Spatial attention deficits in humans: a comparison of superior parietal and temporal-parietal junction lesions. Neuropsychology 12, 193-207. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.12.2.193
42. Geng, J. J., and Behrmann, M. (2002). Probability cuing of target location facilitates visual search implicitly in normal participants and patients with hemispatial neglect. Psychol. Sci. 13, 520-525. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00491
43. Geng, J. J., Eger, E., Ruff, C. C., Kristjansson, A., Rotshtein, P., and Driver, J. (2006). On-line attentional selection from competing stimuli in opposite visual fields: effects on human visual cortex and control processes. J. Neurophysiol. 96, 2601-2612. doi: 10.1152/jn.01245.2005
44. Geng, J. J., and Mangun, G. R. (2009). Anterior intraparietal sulcus is sensitive to bottom-up attention driven by stimulus salience. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 21, 1584-1601. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2009.21103
45. Geng, J. J., and Mangun, G. R. (2011). Right temporoparietal junction activation by a salient contextual cue facilitates target discrimination. Neuroimage 54, 594-601. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.025
46. Giessing, C., Thiel, C. M., Stephan, K. E., Rosler, F., and Fink, G. R. (2004). Visuospatial attention: how to measure effects of infrequent, unattended events in a blocked stimulus design. Neuroimage 23, 1370-1381. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.008
47. Gitelman, D. R., Nobre, A. C., Parrish, T. B., LaBar, K. S., Kim, Y. H., Meyer, J. R., et al. (1999). A large-scale distributed network for covert spatial attention: further anatomical delineation based on stringent behavioural and cognitive controls. Brain 122, 1093-1106. doi: 10.1093/brain/122.6.1093
48. Gitelman, D. R., Parrish, T. B., Friston, K. J., and Mesulam, M. M. (2002). Functional anatomy of visual search: regional segregations within the frontal eye fields and effective connectivity of the superior colliculus. Neuroimage 15, 970-982. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2001.1006
49. Gottlieb, J. (2007). From thought to action: the parietal cortex as a bridge between perception, action, and cognition. Neuron 53, 9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.12.009
50. Gottlieb, J. P., Kusunoki, M., and Goldberg, M. E. (1998). The representation of visual salience in monkey parietal cortex. Nature 391, 481-484. doi: 10.1038/35135
51. Hahn, B., Ross, T. J., and Stein, E. A. (2006). Neuroanatomical dissociation between bottom-up and top-down processes of visuospatial selective attention. Neuroimage 32, 842-853. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.04.177
52. Hanes, D. P., and Schall, J. D. (1996). Neural control of voluntary movement initiation. Science 274, 427-430. doi: 10.1126/science.274.5286.427
53. He, B. J., Snyder, A. Z., Vincent, J. L., Epstein, A., Shulman, G. L., and Corbetta, M. (2007). Breakdown of functional connectivity in frontoparietal networks underlies behavioral deficits in spatial neglect. Neuron 53, 905-918. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.02.013
54. Himmelbach, M., Erb, M., and Karnath, H. O. (2006). Exploring the visual world: the neural substrate of spatial orienting. Neuroimage 32, 1747-1759. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.04.221
55. Hopfinger, J. B., Buonocore, M. H., and Mangun, G. R. (2000). The neural mechanisms of top-down attentional control. Nat. Neurosci. 3, 284-291. doi: 10.1038/72999
56. Indovina, I., and Macaluso, E. (2007). Dissociation of stimulus relevance and saliency factors during shifts of visuospatial attention. Cereb. Cortex 17, 1701-1711. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhl081
57. Ipata, A. E., Gee, A. L., Goldberg, M. E., and Bisley, J. W. (2006). Activity in the lateral intraparietal area predicts the goal and latency of saccades in a free-viewing visual search task. J. Neurosci. 26, 3656-3661. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.5074-05.2006
58. Itti, L., and Koch, C. (2001). Computational modelling of visual attention. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2, 194-203. doi: 10.1038/35058500
59. Jonides, J. (1980). Towards a model of the mind's eye's movement. Can. J. Psychol. 34, 103-112. doi: 10.1037/h0081031
60. Jonides, J. (1983). Further towards a model of the mind's eye's movement. Bull. Psychon. Soc. 21, 247-250.
61. Juan, C. H., Shorter-Jacobi, S. M., and Schall, J. D. (2004). Dissociation of spatial attention and saccade preparation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 101, 15541-15544. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0403507101
62. Kastner, S., Pinsk, M. A., De Weerd, P., Desimone, R., and Ungerleider, L. G. (1999). Increased activity in human visual cortex during directed attention in the absence of visual stimulation. Neuron 22, 751-761. doi: 10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80734-5
63. Kincade, J. M., Abrams, R. A., Astafiev, S. V., Shulman, G. L., and Corbetta, M. (2005). An event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study of voluntary and stimulus-driven orienting of attention. J. Neurosci. 25, 4593-4604. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.0236-05.2005
64. Klein, R. M. (2000). Inhibition of return. Trends Cogn. Sci. 4, 138-147. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01452-2
65. Knight, R. T., and Scabini, D. (1998). Anatomic bases of event-related potentials and their relationship to novelty detection in humans. J. Clin. Neurophysiol. 15, 3-13. doi: 10.1097/00004691-199801000-00003
66. Kusunoki, M., Gottlieb, J., and Goldberg, M. E. (2000). The lateral intraparietal area as a salience map: the representation of abrupt onset, stimulus motion, and task relevance. Vision Res. 40, 1459-1468. doi: 10.1016/s0042-6989(99)00212-6
67. LaBar, K. S., Gitelman, D. R., Parrish, T. B., and Mesulam, M. (1999). Neuroanatomic overlap of working memory and spatial attention networks: a functional MRI comparison within subjects. Neuroimage 10, 695-704. doi: 10.1006/nimg.1999.0503
68. Lasaponara, S., Chica, A. B., Lecce, F., Lupianez, J., and Doricchi, F. (2011). ERP evidence for selective drop in attentional costs in uncertain environments: challenging a purely premotor account of covert orienting of attention. Neuropsychologia 49, 2648-2657. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.05.012
69. Losier, B. J. W., and Klein, R. M. (2001). A review of the evidence for a disengage deficit following parietal lobe damage. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 25, 1-13. doi: 10.1016/s0149-7634(00)00046-4
70. Luck, S. J., Hillyard, S. A., Mouloua, M., Woldorff, M. G., Clark, V. P., and Hawkins, H. L. (1994). Effects of spatial cuing on luminance detectability: psychophysical and electrophysiological evidence for early selection. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 20, 887-904. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.20.4.887
71. Macaluso, E., Frith, C. D., and Driver, J. (2002). Supramodal effects of covert spatial orienting triggered by visual or tactile events. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 14, 389-401. doi: 10.1162/089892902317361912
72. Madden, D. J. (1992). Selective attention and visual search: revision of an allocation model and application to age differences. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 18, 821-836. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.18.3.821
73. Magen, H., Emmanouil, T. A., McMains, S. A., Kastner, S., and Treisman, A. (2009). Attentional demands predict short-term memory load response in posterior parietal cortex. Neuropsychologia 47, 1790-1798. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.02.015
74. Majerus, S., Bastin, C., Poncelet, M., Van der Linden, L. M., Salmon, E., Collette, F., et al. (2007). Short-term memory and the left intraparietal sulcus: focus of attention? Further evidence from a face short-term memory paradigm. Neuroimage 35, 353-367. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.12.008
75. Mazer, J. A., and Gallant, J. L. (2003). Goal-related activity in V4 during free viewing visual search. Evidence for a ventral stream visual salience map. Neuron 40, 1241-1250. doi: 10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00764-5
76. McPeek, R. M., and Keller, E. L. (2002). Saccade target selection in the superior colliculus during a visual search task. J. Neurophysiol. 88, 2019-2034.
77. Moore, T. (2006). The neurobiology of visual attention: finding sources. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 16, 159-165. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2006.03.009
78. Morrow, L. A., and Ratcliff, G. (1988). The disengagement of covert attention and the neglect syndrome. Psychobiology 16, 261-269.
79. Mort, D. J., Malhotra, P., Mannan, S. K., Rorden, C., Pambakian, A., Kennard, C., et al. (2003). The anatomy of visual neglect. Brain 126, 1986-1997. doi: 10.1093/brain/awg200
80. Muggleton, N. G., Juan, C. H., Cowey, A., and Walsh, V. J. (2003). Human frontal eye fields and visual search. J. Neurophysiol. 89, 3340-3343. doi: 10.1152/jn.01086.2002
81. Nardo, D., Santangelo, V., and Macaluso, E. (2011). Stimulus-driven orienting of visuo-spatial attention in complex dynamic environments. Neuron 69, 1015-1028. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.02.020
82. Natale, E., Marzi, C. A., and Macaluso, E. (2009). FMRI correlates of visuo-spatial reorienting investigated with an attention shifting double-cue paradigm. Hum. Brain Mapp. 30, 2367-2381. doi: 10.1002/hbm.20675
83. Natale, E., Marzi, C. A., and Macaluso, E. (2010). Right temporal-parietal junction engagement during spatial reorienting does not depend on strategic attention control. Neuropsychologia 48, 1160-1164. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.11.012
84. Navalpakkam, V., and Itti, L. (2005). Modeling the influence of task on attention. Vision Res. 45, 205-231. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2004.07.042
85. Nee, D. E., Brown, J. W., Askren, M. K., Berman, M. G., Demiralp, E., Krawitz, A., et al. (2013). A meta-analysis of executive components of working memory. Cereb. Cortex 23, 264-282. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhs007
86. Nobre, A. C., Coull, J. T., Frith, C. D., and Mesulam, M. M. (1999). Orbitofrontal cortex is activated during breaches of expectation in tasks of visual attention. Nat. Neurosci. 2, 11-12. doi: 10.1038/4513
87. Oberauer, K. (2002). Access to information in working memory: exploring the focus of attention. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 28, 411-421. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.28.3.411
88. Posner, M. I. (1980). Orienting of attention. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 32, 3-25. doi: 10.1080/00335558008248231
89. Posner, M. I., Walker, J. A., Friedrich, F. J., and Rafal, R. D. (1984). Effects of parietal injury on covert orienting of attention. J. Neurosci. 4, 1863-1874.
90. Ptak, R. (2012). The frontoparietal attention network of the human brain: action, saliency, and a priority map of the environment. Neuroscientist 18, 502-515. doi: 10.1177/1073858411409051
91. Rao, R. P., and Ballard, D. H. (1999). Predictive coding in the visual cortex: a functional interpretation of some extra-classical receptive-field effects. Nat. Neurosci. 2, 79-87. doi: 10.1038/4580
92. Rengachary, J., He, B. J., Shulman, G. L., and Corbetta, M. (2011). A behavioral analysis of spatial neglect and its recovery after stroke. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 5:29. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2011.00029
93. Ruff, C. C., Bestmann, S., Blankenburg, F., Bjoertomt, O., Josephs, O., Weiskopf, N., et al. (2008). Distinct causal influences of parietal versus frontal areas on human visual cortex: evidence from concurrent TMS-fMRI. Cereb. Cortex 18, 817-827. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhm128
94. Santangelo, V., and Macaluso, E. (2013). Visual salience improves spatial working memory via enhanced parieto-temporal functional connectivity. J. Neurosci. 33, 4110-4117. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.4138-12.2013
95. Saygin, A. P., and Sereno, M. I. (2008). Retinotopy and attention in human occipital, temporal, parietal, and frontal cortex. Cereb. Cortex 18, 2158-2168. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhm242
96. Schall, J. D., and Hanes, D. P. (1993). Neural basis of saccade target selection in frontal eye field during visual search. Nature 366, 467-469. doi: 10.1038/366467a0
97. Schall, J. D. (2004). On the role of frontal eye field in guiding attention and saccades. Vis. Res. 44, 1453-1467. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2003.10.025
98. Seidl, K. N., Peelen, M. V., and Kastner, S. (2012). Neural evidence for distracter suppression during visual search in real-world scenes. J. Neurosci. 32, 11812-11819. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.1693-12.2012
99. Serences, J. T., Shomstein, S., Leber, A. B., Golay, X., Egeth, H. E., and Yantis, S. (2005). Coordination of voluntary and stimulus-driven attentional control in human cortex. Psychol. Sci. 16, 114-122. doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00791.x
100. Shulman, G. L., Astafiev, S. V., Franke, D., Pope, D. L., Snyder, A. Z., McAvoy, M. P., et al. (2009). Interaction of stimulus-driven reorienting and expectation in ventral and dorsal frontoparietal and basal gangliacortical networks. J. Neurosci. 29, 4392-4407. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.5609-08.2009
101. Shulman, G. L., Astafiev, S. V., McAvoy, M. P., d'Avossa, G., and Corbetta, M. (2007). Right TPJ deactivation during visual search: functional significance and support for a filter hypothesis. Cereb. Cortex 17, 2625-2633. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhl170
102. Shulman, G. L., Pope, D. L., Astafiev, S. V., McAvoy, M. P., Snyder, A. Z., and Corbetta, M. (2010). Right hemisphere dominance during spatial selective attention and target detection occurs outside the dorsal frontoparietal network. J. Neurosci. 30, 3640-3651. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.4085-09.2010
103. Simpson, G. V., Weber, D. L., Dale, C. L., Pantazis, D., Bressler, S. L., Leahy, R. M., et al. (2011). Dynamic activation of frontal, parietal, and sensory regions underlying anticipatory visual spatial attention. J. Neurosci. 31, 13880-13889. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.1519-10.2011
104. Sommer, M. A., and Wurtz, R. H. (1998). Frontal eye field neurons orthodromically activated from the superior colliculus. J. Neurophysiol. 80, 3331-3335.
105. Spratling, M. W. (2008). Predictive coding as a model of biased competition in visual attention. Vision Res. 48, 1391-1408. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2008.03.009
106. Spratling, M. W. (2012). Predictive coding as a model of the V1 saliency map hypothesis. Neural Netw. 26, 7-28. doi: 10.1016/j.neunet.2011.10.002
107. Summerfield, C., and Egner, T. (2009). Expectation (and attention) in visual cognition. Trends Cogn. Sci. 13, 403-409. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2009.06.003
108. Thomas, N. W., and Parè, M. (2007). Temporal processing of saccade targets in parietal cortex area LIP during visual search. J. Neurophysiol. 97, 942-947. doi: 10.1152/jn.00413.2006
109. Thompson, K. G., Bichot, N. P., and Schall, J. D. (1997). Dissociation of visual discrimination from saccade programming in macaque frontal eye field. J. Neurophysiol. 77, 1046-1050.
110. Thompson, K. G., Biscoe, K. L., and Sato, T. R. (2005). Neuronal basis of covert spatial attention in the frontal eye field. J. Neurosci. 25, 9479-9487. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.0741-05.2005
111. Thompson, K. G., Hanes, D. P., Bichot, N. P., and Schall, J. D. (1996). Perceptual and motor processing stages identified in the activity of macaque frontal eye field neurons during visual search. J. Neurophysiol. 76, 4040-4055.
112. Todd, J. J., and Marois, R. (2004). Capacity limit of visual short-term memory in human posterior parietal cortex. Nature 428, 751-754. doi: 10.1038/nature02466
113. Treue, S. (2003). Visual attention: the where, what, how and why of saliency. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 13, 428-432. doi: 10.1016/s0959-4388(03)00105-3
114. Verdon, V., Schwartz, S., Lovblad, K. O., Hauert, C. A., and Vuilleumier, P. (2010). Neuroanatomy of hemispatial neglect and its functional components: a study using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping. Brain 133, 880-894. doi: 10.1093/brain/awp305
115. Vossel, S., Kukolja, J., Thimm, M., Thiel, C. M., and Fink, G. R. (2010). The effect of nicotine on visuospatial attention in chronic spatial neglect depends upon lesion location. J. Psychopharmacol. 24, 1357-1365. doi: 10.1177/0269881109105397
116. Vossel, S., Thiel, C. M., and Fink, G. R. (2006). Cue validity modulates the neural correlates of covert endogenous orienting of attention in parietal and frontal cortex. Neuroimage 32, 1257-1264. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.05.019
117. Vossel, S., Weidner, R., Driver, J., Friston, K. J., and Fink, G. R. (2012). Deconstructing the architecture of dorsal and ventral attention systems with dynamic causal modeling. J. Neurosci. 32, 10637-10648. doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.0414-12.2012
118. Wojciulik, E., and Kanwisher, N. (1999). The generality of parietal involvement in visual attention. Neuron 23, 747-764. doi: 10.1016/s0896-6273(01)80033-7
119. Xu, Y., and Chun, M. M. (2006). Dissociable neural mechanisms supporting visual short-term memory for objects. Nature 440, 91-95. doi: 10.1038/nature04262
120. Yantis, S., Schwarzbach, J., Serences, J. T., Carlson, R. L., Steinmetz, M. A., Pekar, J. J., et al. (2002). Transient neural activity in human parietal cortex during spatial attention shifts. Nat. Neurosci. 5, 995-1002. doi: 10.1038/nn921