메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 1-40

Crowd disasters as systemic failures: Analysis of the love parade disaster

Author keywords

Cascading effect; Causality network; Crowd control; Crowd disaster; Crowd quake; Domino effect; Evacuation; Instability; Systemic risk

Indexed keywords

DISASTERS; EARTHQUAKES; FAILURE (MECHANICAL); PLASMA STABILITY; TURBULENCE; VIDEO RECORDING;

EID: 84933502418     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21931127     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1140/epjds7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (308)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0003947152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Scottish Office, 4th edn. The Stationery Office, Norwich
    • The Scottish Office (1997) Guide to safety at sports grounds, 4th edn. The Stationery Office, Norwich
    • (1997) Guide to Safety at Sports Grounds
  • 2
    • 0347690813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, Norwich
    • Health and Safety Executive (1999) The event safety guide. HSE Books, Norwich
    • (1999) The Event Safety Guide
  • 3
    • 52149106258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health and Safety Executive, HSE Books, Norwich
    • Health and Safety Executive (2000) Managing crowds safely. HSE Books, Norwich
    • (2000) Managing Crowds Safely
  • 4
    • 52149108750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health and Safety Executive, Case studies. HSE Books, Norwich
    • Health and Safety Executive (1998) Steps to risk assessment. Case studies. HSE Books, Norwich
    • (1998) Steps to Risk Assessment
  • 7
    • 26844440375 scopus 로고
    • The causes and prevention of crowd disasters
    • Smith RA, Dickie JF (eds) , Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • Fruin JJ (1993) The causes and prevention of crowd disasters. In: Smith RA, Dickie JF (eds) Engineering for crowd safety. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 99-108
    • (1993) Engineering for Crowd Safety , pp. 99-108
    • Fruin, J.J.1
  • 8
    • 0142016001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. See in particular the chapter by D. Helbing, I. Farkas, P. Molnár, and T. Vicsek, Simulation of pedestrian crowds in normal and evacuation situations
    • Schreckenberg M, Sharma SD (eds) (2002) Pedestrian and evacuation dynamics. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. See in particular the chapter by D. Helbing, I. Farkas, P. Molnár, and T. Vicsek, Simulation of pedestrian crowds in normal and evacuation situations, pp 21-58
    • (2002) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics , pp. 21-58
    • Schreckenberg, M.1    Sharma, S.D.2
  • 9
    • 16344391062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-organized pedestrian crowd dynamics: Experiments, simulations, and design solutions
    • Helbing D, Buzna L, Johansson A, Werner T (2005) Self-organized pedestrian crowd dynamics: experiments, simulations, and design solutions. Transp Sci 39(1):1-24
    • (2005) Transp Sci , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-24
    • Helbing, D.1    Buzna, L.2    Johansson, A.3    Werner, T.4
  • 12
    • 52149100983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From crowd dynamics to crowd safety: A video-based analysis
    • Johansson A, Helbing D, A-Abideen HZ, Al-Bosta S (2008) From crowd dynamics to crowd safety: a video-based analysis. Adv Complex Syst 11(4):497-527. See also http://www.trafficforum.org/crowdturbulence
    • (2008) Adv Complex Syst , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 497-527
    • Johansson, A.1    Helbing, D.2    A-Abideen, H.Z.3    Al-Bosta, S.4
  • 14
    • 84933546187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialized Architectural, Engineering & Technical Reviewed Magazine issued by Ministry of Municipal & Rural Affairs, Saudi Arabia
    • Haase K (2007) Scheduling and re-scheduling the departure and stoning times of the Hajjis in 1428H. Specialized Architectural, Engineering & Technical Reviewed Magazine issued by Ministry of Municipal & Rural Affairs, Saudi Arabia
    • (2007) Scheduling and Re-Scheduling the Departure and Stoning Times of the Hajjis in 1428H
    • Haase, K.1
  • 18
    • 42749102194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experiment, theory, and simulation of the evacuation of a room without visibility. Phys Rev E
    • Isobe M, Helbing D, Nagatani T (2004) Experiment, theory, and simulation of the evacuation of a room without visibility. Phys Rev E, Stat Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys 69:066132
    • (2004) Stat Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys , vol.69
    • Isobe, M.1    Helbing, D.2    Nagatani, T.3
  • 19
    • 0038823757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of competitive egress behavior: Comparison with aircraft evacuation data
    • Kirchner A et al (2003) Simulation of competitive egress behavior: comparison with aircraft evacuation data. Physica A 324:689-697
    • (2003) Physica A , vol.324 , pp. 689-697
    • Kirchner, A.1
  • 20
    • 19944401573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pedestrian behavior at bottlenecks
    • Hoogendoorn SP, Daamen W (2005) Pedestrian behavior at bottlenecks. Transp Sci 39(2):147-159
    • (2005) Transp Sci , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 147-159
    • Hoogendoorn, S.P.1    Daamen, W.2
  • 21
    • 55949105796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social influence during the initial phase of a fire evacuation-Analysis of evacuation experiments in a cinema theatre
    • Nilsson D, Johansson A (2009) Social influence during the initial phase of a fire evacuation-Analysis of evacuation experiments in a cinema theatre. Fire Saf J 44(1):71-79
    • (2009) Fire Saf J , vol.44 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-79
    • Nilsson, D.1    Johansson, A.2
  • 22
    • 70449638169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights into pedestrian flow through bottlenecks
    • Seyfried A et al (2009) New insights into pedestrian flow through bottlenecks. Transp Sci 43(3):395-406
    • (2009) Transp Sci , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 395-406
    • Seyfried, A.1
  • 24
    • 71349087751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experiment and modeling of exit-selecting behaviors during a building evacuation
    • Fang Z, Song W, Zhang J, Wu H (2010) Experiment and modeling of exit-selecting behaviors during a building evacuation. Physica A 389:815-824
    • (2010) Physica A , vol.389 , pp. 815-824
    • Fang, Z.1    Song, W.2    Zhang, J.3    Wu, H.4
  • 25
    • 84855223203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergency door capacity: Influence of door width, population composition and stress level
    • Daamen W, Hoogendoorn SP (2012) Emergency door capacity: influence of door width, population composition and stress level. Fire Technol 48(1):55-71
    • (2012) Fire Technol , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-71
    • Daamen, W.1    Hoogendoorn, S.P.2
  • 26
    • 84982412190 scopus 로고
    • A mathematical model for the behavior of pedestrians
    • Helbing D (1991) A mathematical model for the behavior of pedestrians. Behav Sci 36:298-310
    • (1991) Behav Sci , vol.36 , pp. 298-310
    • Helbing, D.1
  • 27
    • 79955558826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How simple rules determine pedestrian behavior and crowd disasters
    • Moussaïd M, Helbing D, Theraulaz G (2011) How simple rules determine pedestrian behavior and crowd disasters. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108(17):6884-6888
    • (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.108 , Issue.17 , pp. 6884-6888
    • Moussaïd, M.1    Helbing, D.2    Theraulaz, G.3
  • 28
    • 35949007691 scopus 로고
    • Social force model for pedestrian dynamics. Phys Rev E
    • Helbing D, Molnár P (1995) Social force model for pedestrian dynamics. Phys Rev E, Stat Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys 51:4282-4286
    • (1995) Stat Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys , vol.51 , pp. 4282-4286
    • Helbing, D.1    Molnár, P.2
  • 29
    • 0034727079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating dynamical features of escape panic
    • Helbing D, Farkas I, Vicsek T (2000) Simulating dynamical features of escape panic. Nature 407:487-490
    • (2000) Nature , vol.407 , pp. 487-490
    • Helbing, D.1    Farkas, I.2    Vicsek, T.3
  • 30
    • 0035876651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two-dimensional cellular automaton
    • Burstedde C, Klauck K, Schadschneider A, Zittartz J (2001) Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two-dimensional cellular automaton. Physica A 295(4):507-525
    • (2001) Physica A , vol.295 , Issue.4 , pp. 507-525
    • Burstedde, C.1    Klauck, K.2    Schadschneider, A.3    Zittartz, J.4
  • 31
    • 0036741847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physics of traffic jams
    • Nagatani T (2002) The physics of traffic jams. Rep Prog Phys 65:1331-1385
    • (2002) Rep Prog Phys , vol.65 , pp. 1331-1385
    • Nagatani, T.1
  • 32
    • 0036723401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of evacuation processes using a bionics-inspired cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics
    • Kirchner A, Schadschneider A (2002) Simulation of evacuation processes using a bionics-inspired cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics. Physica A 312:260-276
    • (2002) Physica A , vol.312 , pp. 260-276
    • Kirchner, A.1    Schadschneider, A.2
  • 33
    • 14044251460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pedestrian flow modeling by adaptive control
    • Hoogendoorn S (2004) Pedestrian flow modeling by adaptive control. Transp Res Rec 1878:95-103
    • (2004) Transp Res Rec , vol.1878 , pp. 95-103
    • Hoogendoorn, S.1
  • 35
    • 33646685007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrete choice models of pedestrian walking behavior. Transp Res, Part B
    • Antonini G, Bierlaire M, Weber M (2006) Discrete choice models of pedestrian walking behavior. Transp Res, Part B, Methodol 40(8):667-687
    • (2006) Methodol , vol.40 , Issue.8 , pp. 667-687
    • Antonini, G.1    Bierlaire, M.2    Weber, M.3
  • 36
    • 35248833727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling crowd turbulence by many-particle simulations
    • Yu W, Johansson A (2007) Modeling crowd turbulence by many-particle simulations. Phys Rev E 76:046105
    • (2007) Phys Rev E , vol.76
    • Yu, W.1    Johansson, A.2
  • 37
    • 67650904537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental study of the behavioural mechanisms underlying self-organization in human crowds
    • Moussaïd M et al (2009) Experimental study of the behavioural mechanisms underlying self-organization in human crowds. Proc R Soc B 276:2755-2762
    • (2009) Proc R Soc B , vol.276 , pp. 2755-2762
    • Moussaïd, M.1
  • 38
    • 19944388338 scopus 로고
    • Schriftenreihe des Institut für Verkehrsplanung, Transporttechnik, Straßen- und Eisenbahnbau 90, ETH Zürich, Zürich
    • Weidmann U (1993) Transporttechnik der Fußgänger. Schriftenreihe des Institut für Verkehrsplanung, Transporttechnik, Straßen- und Eisenbahnbau 90, ETH Zürich, Zürich
    • (1993) Transporttechnik Der Fußgänger
    • Weidmann, U.1
  • 39
    • 0003678538 scopus 로고
    • Transportation Research Board, Special Report 209. Transportation Research Board, Washington DC. See the chapter on pedestrians
    • Transportation Research Board (1985) Highway capacity manual. Special Report 209. Transportation Research Board, Washington DC. See the chapter on pedestrians
    • (1985) Highway Capacity Manual
  • 40
  • 41
    • 0015203418 scopus 로고
    • Designing for pedestrians: A level-of-service concept
    • Fruin JJ (1971) Designing for pedestrians: a level-of-service concept. Highw Res Rec 355:1-15
    • (1971) Highw Res Rec , vol.355 , pp. 1-15
    • Fruin, J.J.1
  • 42
    • 77956323937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The walking behaviour of pedestrian social groups and its impact on crowd dynamics
    • Moussaïd M, Perozo N, Garnier S, Helbing D, Theraulaz G (2010) The walking behaviour of pedestrian social groups and its impact on crowd dynamics. PLoS ONE 5(4):e10047
    • (2010) Plos ONE , vol.5 , Issue.4
    • Moussaïd, M.1    Perozo, N.2    Garnier, S.3    Helbing, D.4    Theraulaz, G.5
  • 43
    • 0035470907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems
    • Helbing D (2001) Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems. Rev Mod Phys 73:1067-1141
    • (2001) Rev Mod Phys , vol.73 , pp. 1067-1141
    • Helbing, D.1
  • 45
    • 0010806737 scopus 로고
    • The myth of panic
    • Keating JP (1982) The myth of panic. Fire J 76:57-61, 147
    • (1982) Fire J , vol.76
    • Keating, J.P.1
  • 46
    • 7244239302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Citizen response to disasters: A survey of literature and some practical implications
    • Helsloot I, Ruitenberg A (2004) Citizen response to disasters: a survey of literature and some practical implications. J Conting Crisis Manag 12(3):98-111
    • (2004) J Conting Crisis Manag , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 98-111
    • Helsloot, I.1    Ruitenberg, A.2
  • 47
    • 10044241077 scopus 로고
    • Models for pedestrian behavior
    • Sonderforschungsbereich, Stuttgart, Ref. [9] and D. Helbing, Verkehrsdynamik (Springer, Berlin, 1997)
    • Helbing D (1992) Models for pedestrian behavior. In: Natural structures. Principles, strategies, and models in architecture and nature, part II. Sonderforschungsbereich 230, Stuttgart, pp 93-98. See also Ref. [9] and D. Helbing, Verkehrsdynamik (Springer, Berlin, 1997)
    • (1992) Natural Structures. Principles, Strategies, and Models in Architecture and Nature, Part II , vol.230 , pp. 93-98
    • Helbing, D.1
  • 49
    • 0000518830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Freezing by heating in a driven mesoscopic system
    • Helbing D, Farkas I, Vicsek T (2000) Freezing by heating in a driven mesoscopic system. Phys Rev Lett 84:1240-1243
    • (2000) Phys Rev Lett , vol.84 , pp. 1240-1243
    • Helbing, D.1    Farkas, I.2    Vicsek, T.3
  • 50
    • 0141989575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing interaction networks with applications to catastrophe dynamics and disaster management
    • Helbing D, Kühnert C (2003) Assessing interaction networks with applications to catastrophe dynamics and disaster management. Physica A 328:584-606
    • (2003) Physica A , vol.328 , pp. 584-606
    • Helbing, D.1    Kühnert, C.2
  • 51
    • 46249106807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traffic jams without bottlenecks - experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam
    • Sugiyama Y et al (2008) Traffic jams without bottlenecks - experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam. New J Phys 10:033001
    • (2008) New J Phys , vol.10
    • Sugiyama, Y.1
  • 52
    • 0014413249 scopus 로고
    • The tragedy of the commons
    • Hardin G (1968) The tragedy of the commons. Science 162:1243-1248
    • (1968) Science , vol.162 , pp. 1243-1248
    • Hardin, G.1
  • 53
    • 78149447898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation, norms, and revolutions: A unified game-theoretical approach
    • Helbing D, Johansson A (2010) Cooperation, norms, and revolutions: a unified game-theoretical approach. PLoS ONE 5(10):e12530
    • (2010) Plos ONE , vol.5 , Issue.10
    • Helbing, D.1    Johansson, A.2
  • 54
    • 76249087075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary dynamics of populations with conflicting interactions: Classification and analytical treatment considering asymmetry and power
    • Helbing D, Johansson A (2010) Evolutionary dynamics of populations with conflicting interactions: classification and analytical treatment considering asymmetry and power. Phys Rev E, Stat Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys 81:016112
    • (2010) Phys Rev E, Stat Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys , vol.81
    • Helbing, D.1    Johansson, A.2
  • 56
    • 77957287215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disasters as extreme events and the importance of network interactions for disaster response management
    • Albeverio S, Jentsch V, Kantz H (eds) , Springer, Berlin
    • Helbing D, Ammoser H, Kühnert C (2005) Disasters as extreme events and the importance of network interactions for disaster response management. In: Albeverio S, Jentsch V, Kantz H (eds) Extreme events in nature and society. Springer, Berlin, pp 319-348
    • (2005) Extreme Events in Nature and Society , pp. 319-348
    • Helbing, D.1    Ammoser, H.2    Kühnert, C.3
  • 57
    • 37849028604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling of cascading effects and efficient response to disaster spreading in complex networks
    • Peters K, Buzna L, Helbing D (2008) Modelling of cascading effects and efficient response to disaster spreading in complex networks. Int J Crit Infrastructures 4(1/2):46-62
    • (2008) Int J Crit Infrastructures , vol.4 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 46-62
    • Peters, K.1    Buzna, L.2    Helbing, D.3
  • 60
    • 84870921852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerating scientific discovery by formulating grand scientific challenges
    • Helbing D (2012) Accelerating scientific discovery by formulating grand scientific challenges. EPJ Special Topics (to appear)
    • (2012) EPJ Special Topics (To Appear)
    • Helbing, D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.