How decentralisation influences the retention of primary health care workers in rural Nigeria

Global Health Action

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2015, Pages

  Abimbola, Seye ^a,b,c   Olanipekun, Titilope ^d   Igbokwe, Uchenna ^d   Negin, Joel ^b   Jan, Stephen ^b,c   Martiniuk, Alexandra ^b,c,e   Ihebuzor, Nnenna ^a   Aina, Muyi ^d  

^a NATIONAL PRIMARY HEALTH CARE DEVELOPMENT AGENCY   (Nigeria)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^c GEORGE INSTITUTE FOR GLOBAL HEALTH   (Australia)

^d Solina Health   (Nigeria)

^e UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Community health committees; Decentralisation; Governance; Human resources for health; Nigeria; Primary health care; Retention; Rural

Indexed keywords

COMMUNITY CARE; GOVERNMENT; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; LEGISLATION AND JURISPRUDENCE; MANPOWER; NIGERIA; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT; POLITICS; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; RURAL HEALTH CARE; RURAL POPULATION;

COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES; FEDERAL GOVERNMENT; FOCUS GROUPS; HUMANS; LOCAL GOVERNMENT; NIGERIA; PERSONNEL STAFFING AND SCHEDULING; POLITICS; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; RURAL HEALTH SERVICES; RURAL POPULATION; STATE GOVERNMENT;

EID: 84930673626     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16549880     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3402/gha.v8.26616     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Dussault G, Franceschini MC. Not enough there, too many here: understanding geographical imbalances in the distribution of the health workforce. Hum Resour Health 2006; 4: 12.
2. Grobler L, Marais BJ, Mabunda SA, Marindi PN, Reuter H, Volmink J. Interventions for increasing the proportion of health professionals practising in rural and other underserved areas. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 1: CD005314.
3. Global Health Workforce Alliance (2013). Mid-level health workers for delivery of essential health services: a global systematic review and country experiences. Geneva: World Health Organization.
4. World Health Organization (2010). Increasing access to health workers in remote and rural areas through improved retention: global policy recommendations. Geneva: World Health Organization.
5. Federal Republic of Nigeria (2007). National human resources for health strategic plan 2008-2012. Abuja, Nigeria: Federal Ministry of Health [Nigeria].
6. Buchan J, Couper ID, Tangcharoensathien V, Thepannya K, Jaskiewicz W, Perfilieva G, et al. Early implementation of WHO recommendations for the retention of health workers in remote and rural areas. Bull World Health Organ 2013; 91: 834-40.
7. Lehmann U, Dieleman M, Martineau T. Staffing remote rural areas in middle-and low-income countries: a literature review of attraction and retention. BMC Health Serv Res 2008; 8: 19.
8. Kolehmainen-Aitken RL. Decentralization's impact on the health workforce: perspectives of managers, workers and national leaders. Hum Resour Health 2004; 2: 5.
9. Mills A, Vaughan JP, Smith DL, Tabibzadeh I (Eds.). Health system decentralization: concepts, issues and country experience. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1990.
10. Frumence G, Nyamhanga T, Mwangu M, Hurtig A. Challenges to the implementation of health sector decentralization in Tanzania: experiences from Kongwa district council. Glob Health Action 2013; 6: 20983, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v6i0.20983.
11. Egbe EJ. Native authorities and local government reforms in Nigeria since 1914. IOSR J Humanit Soc Sci 2014; 19: 113-27.
12. Greenhalgh T. Primary health care: theory and practice. Oxford: Blackwell; 2007.
13. Bangdiwala SI, Fonn S, Okoye O, Tollman S. Workforce resources for health in developing countries. Public Health Rev 2010; 32: 296-318.
14. Federal Ministry of Health [Nigeria] (2004). Revised national health policy. Abuja, Nigeria: Federal Ministry of Health [Nigeria].
15. Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999). Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Abuja, Nigeria: Federal Republic of Nigeria.
16. National Primary Health Care Development Agency (2013). Integrating primary health care governance-primary health care under one roof-implementation manual. Abuja, Nigeria: NPHCDA.
17. Bonilla-Chacin ME, Okigbo A, Malife N, Sherburne-Benz L, Ruhl O. (2010). Improving primary health care delivery in Nigeria: evidence from four states. Washington, DC: World Bank.
18. Lukpata VI. Revenue allocation formulae in Nigeria: a continuous search. Int J Public Admin Manag Res 2013; 2: 32-8.
19. Okafor J. Local government financial autonomy in Nigeria: the state joint local government account. Commonwealth J Local Govern 2010; 6: 124-31.
20. Babalola S, Fatusi A. Determinants of use of maternal health services in Nigeria-looking beyond individual and household factors. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2009; 9: 43.
21. Ononokpono DN, Odimegwu CO. Determinants of maternal health care utilization in Nigeria: a multilevel approach. Pan Afr Med J 2014; 17: 2.
22. Abimbola S, Negin J, Jan S, Martiniuk A. Towards peoplecentred health systems: a multi-level framework for analysing primary health care governance in low-and middle-income countries. Health Policy Plan 2014; 29: ii29-ii39.
23. National Primary Health Care Development Agency (2013). Minimum standards for primary health care in Nigeria. Abuja, Nigeria: NPHCDA.
24. Gupta MD, Gauri V, Khemani S. (2003). Decentralized delivery of primary health services in Nigeria: survey evidence from the states of Lagos and Kogi. Washington, DC: Development Research Group, World Bank.
25. World Bank (2014). Rural population (% of total population). Washington, DC: World Bank.
26. Abimbola S, Okoli U, Olubajo O, Abdullahi MJ, Pate MA. The midwives service scheme in Nigeria. PLoS Med 2012; 9: e1001211.
27. National Population Commission [Nigeria] and ICF International (2014). Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013. Abuja, Nigeria: NPC.
28. Chankova S, Nguyen H, Chipanta D, Kombe G, Onoja A, Ogungbemi K. (2006). A situation assessment of human resources in the public health sector in Nigeria. Bethesda, MD: The Partners for Health Reform Project, Abt Associates Inc.
29. Ebuehi OM, Campbell PC. Attraction and retention of qualified health workers to rural areas in Nigeria: a case study of four local governments in Ogun State. Rural Remote Health 2011; 11: 1515.
30. Manafa O, McAuliffe E, Maseko F, Bowie C, MacLachlan M, Normand C. Retention of health workers in Malawi: perspectives of health workers and district management. Hum Resour Health 2009; 7: 65.
31. Dielman M, Cuong PV, Anh LV, Martineau T. Identifying factors for job motivation of rural health workers in North Vietnam. Hum Resour Health 2003; 1: 10.
32. Kotzee TJ, Couper ID. What interventions do South African qualified doctors think will retain them in rural hospitals of the Limpopo province of South Africa? Rural Remote Health 2006; 6: 581.
33. Chandler CI, Chonya S, Mtei F, Reyburn H, Whitty CJ. Motivation, money and respect: a mixed-method study of Tanzanian non-physician clinicians. Soc Sci Med 2009; 68: 2078-88.
34. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care 2007; 19: 349-57.
35. Hsieh HF, Shannon SE. Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res 2005; 15: 1277-88.
36. Franco LM, Bennett S, Kanfer R. Health sector reform and public sector health worker motivation: a conceptual framework. Soc Sci Med 2002; 54: 1255-66.
37. Wang Y, Collins C, Tang S, Martineau T. Health systems decentralization and human resources management in low and middle income countries. Public Admin Dev 2002; 22: 439-53.
38. Padarath A, Chamberlain C, McCoy D, Ntuli A, Rowson M, Loewenson R. Health personnel in Southern Africa: confronting maldistribution and brain drain. EQUINET Discussion Paper No. 3. Harare, Zimbabwe: EQUINET; 2003.
39. Abreu A. The new economics of labour migration: beware neoclassicals bearing gifts. Soc Econ 2012; 41: 46-67.
40. Gawel JE. Herzberg's theory of motivation and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Pract Assess Res Eval 1997; 5: 11.
41. Oyegbite KS. Strengthening management for primary health care at local government area level. In: Ransome-Kuti O, Sorungbe AOO, Oyegbite KS, Bamisaiye A, eds. Strengthening primary health care at local government level: the Nigerian experience. Lagos, Nigeria: Academy Press; 1990, pp. 27-34.
42. Youlong G, Wilkes A, Bloom G. Health human resource development in rural China. Health Policy Plan 1997; 12: 320-8.
43. Munga MA, Songstad NG, Blystad A, Mæstad O. The decentralisation-centralisation dilemma: recruitment and distribution of health workers in remote districts of Tanzania. BMC Int Health Hum Rights 2009; 9: 9.
44. Strachan DL, Källander K, Ten Asbroek AH, Kirkwood B, Meek SR, Benton L, et al. Interventions to improve motivation and retention of community health workers delivering integrated community case management: stakeholder perceptions and priorities. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012; 87: 111-19.
45. Gray H, Ciroma J. Reducing attrition among village health worker programs in rural Nigeria. Socioecon Plann Sci 1988; 22: 39-43.
46. Morgeson FP, Humphrey SE. The Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ): developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing job design and the nature of work. J Appl Psychol 2006; 91: 1321-39.
47. Willis-Shattuck M, Bidwell P, Thomas S, Wyness L, Blaauw D, Ditlopo P. Motivation and retention of health workers in developing countries: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res 2008; 8: 247.
48. Songstad NG, Rekdal OB, Massay DA, Blystad A. Perceived unfairness in working conditions: the case of public health services in Tanzania. BMC Health Serv Res 2011; 11: 34.
49. McCoy DC, Hall JA, Ridge M. A systematic review of the literature for evidence on health facility committees in low-and middle-income countries. Health Policy Plan 2012; 27: 449-66.
50. Golooba-Mutebi F. When popular participation won't improve service provision: primary health care in Uganda. Dev Policy Rev 2005; 23: 165-82.
51. Björkman M, Svensson J. Power to the people: evidence from a randomized field experiment of community-based monitoring in Uganda. Q J Econ 2009; 124: 735-69.
52. Keefer P, Khemani S. Democracy, public expenditures, and the poor: understanding political incentives for providing public services. World Bank Res Obs 2005; 20: 1-27.
53. Robinson M. Introduction: decentralising service delivery? Evidence and policy implications. IDS Bull 2007; 38: 1-6.
54. Scott Z. Decentralisation, local development and social cohesion: an analytical review. Birmingham, UK: GSDRC; 2009.
55. Dolea C, Stormont L, Braichet JM. Evaluated strategies to increase attraction and retention of health workers in remote and rural areas. Bull World Health Organ 2010; 88: 379-85.