메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 134, Issue , 2015, Pages 512-520

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives (alkyl-PAHs, oxygenated-PAHs, nitrated-PAHs and azaarenes) in urban road dusts from Xi'an, Central China

Author keywords

Cancer risk; Carbon fractions; Enrichment factor; Polycyclic aromatic compounds; Road dust

Indexed keywords

AROMATIZATION; COMBUSTION; DEPOSITION; DISEASES; DUST; ROADS AND STREETS; SOILS;

EID: 84930583879     PISSN: 00456535     EISSN: 18791298     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.11.052     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (174)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 77955982494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, elemental and organic carbon emissions from tire-wear
    • Aatmeeyata, Sharma M. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, elemental and organic carbon emissions from tire-wear. Sci. Total Environ. 2010, 408:4563-4568.
    • (2010) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.408 , pp. 4563-4568
    • Aatmeeyata1    Sharma, M.2
  • 2
    • 59849129353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pattern, sources and toxic potential of PAHs in the agricultural soils of Delhi, India
    • Agarwal T., Khillare P.S., Shridhar V., Ray S. Pattern, sources and toxic potential of PAHs in the agricultural soils of Delhi, India. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 163:1033-1039.
    • (2009) J. Hazard. Mater. , vol.163 , pp. 1033-1039
    • Agarwal, T.1    Khillare, P.S.2    Shridhar, V.3    Ray, S.4
  • 3
    • 84878219486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using atmospheric measurements of PAH and quinone compounds at roadside and urban background sites to assess sources and reactivity
    • Alam M.S., Delgado-Saborit J.M., Stark C., Harrison R.M. Using atmospheric measurements of PAH and quinone compounds at roadside and urban background sites to assess sources and reactivity. Atmos. Environ. 2013, 77:24-35.
    • (2013) Atmos. Environ. , vol.77 , pp. 24-35
    • Alam, M.S.1    Delgado-Saborit, J.M.2    Stark, C.3    Harrison, R.M.4
  • 4
    • 33744966877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous analysis of oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on standard reference material 1649a (urban dust) and on natural ambient air samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with negative ion chemical ionisation
    • Albinet A., Leoz-Garziandia E., Budzinski H., ViIlenave E. Simultaneous analysis of oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on standard reference material 1649a (urban dust) and on natural ambient air samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with negative ion chemical ionisation. J. Chromatogr. A 2006, 1121:106-113.
    • (2006) J. Chromatogr. A , vol.1121 , pp. 106-113
    • Albinet, A.1    Leoz-Garziandia, E.2    Budzinski, H.3    ViIlenave, E.4
  • 5
    • 34548022799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrated PAHs and oxygenated PAHs in ambient air of the Marseilles area (South of France): Concentrations and sources
    • Albinet A., Leoz-Garziandia E., Budzinski H., ViIlenave E. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrated PAHs and oxygenated PAHs in ambient air of the Marseilles area (South of France): Concentrations and sources. Sci. Total Environ. 2007, 384:280-292.
    • (2007) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.384 , pp. 280-292
    • Albinet, A.1    Leoz-Garziandia, E.2    Budzinski, H.3    ViIlenave, E.4
  • 6
    • 37449021264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrated and oxygenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air of two French alpine valleys: Part 1: Concentrations, sources and gas/particle partitioning
    • Albinet A., Leoz-Garziandia E., Budzinski H., Villenave E., Jaffrezo J.L. Nitrated and oxygenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air of two French alpine valleys: Part 1: Concentrations, sources and gas/particle partitioning. Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42:43-54.
    • (2008) Atmos. Environ. , vol.42 , pp. 43-54
    • Albinet, A.1    Leoz-Garziandia, E.2    Budzinski, H.3    Villenave, E.4    Jaffrezo, J.L.5
  • 8
    • 0028104799 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric chemistry of gas-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: formation of atmospheric mutagens
    • Atkinson R., Arey J. Atmospheric chemistry of gas-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: formation of atmospheric mutagens. Environ. Health Perspect. 1994, 102:117-126.
    • (1994) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.102 , pp. 117-126
    • Atkinson, R.1    Arey, J.2
  • 9
    • 77955592454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxygen-containing derivatives and metabolites in soils
    • Bandowe B.A.M., Wilcke W. Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxygen-containing derivatives and metabolites in soils. J. Environ. Quality 2010, 39:1349-1358.
    • (2010) J. Environ. Quality , vol.39 , pp. 1349-1358
    • Bandowe, B.A.M.1    Wilcke, W.2
  • 10
    • 77958186128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygen-containing derivatives (OPAHs) in soils from the Angren industrial area, Uzbekistan
    • Bandowe B.A.M., Shukurov N., Kersten M., Wilcke W. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygen-containing derivatives (OPAHs) in soils from the Angren industrial area, Uzbekistan. Environ. Pollut. 2010, 158:2888-2899.
    • (2010) Environ. Pollut. , vol.158 , pp. 2888-2899
    • Bandowe, B.A.M.1    Shukurov, N.2    Kersten, M.3    Wilcke, W.4
  • 11
    • 78650515862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) in urban soils of Bratislava, Slovakia: Patterns, relation to PAHs and vertical distribution
    • Bandowe B.A.M., Sobocka J., Wilcke W. Oxygen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) in urban soils of Bratislava, Slovakia: Patterns, relation to PAHs and vertical distribution. Environ. Pollut. 2011, 159:539-549.
    • (2011) Environ. Pollut. , vol.159 , pp. 539-549
    • Bandowe, B.A.M.1    Sobocka, J.2    Wilcke, W.3
  • 12
    • 84901606726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and azaarenes in urban soils: A comparison of a tropical city (Bangkok) with two temperate cities (Bratislava and Gothenburg)
    • Bandowe B.A.M., Lueso M.G., Wilcke W. Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and azaarenes in urban soils: A comparison of a tropical city (Bangkok) with two temperate cities (Bratislava and Gothenburg). Chemosphere 2014, 107:407-414.
    • (2014) Chemosphere , vol.107 , pp. 407-414
    • Bandowe, B.A.M.1    Lueso, M.G.2    Wilcke, W.3
  • 13
    • 84890808051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2.5-bound oxygenated PAHs, nitro-PAHs and parent-PAHs from the atmosphere of a Chinese megacity: Seasonal variation, sources and cancer risk assessment
    • 2.5-bound oxygenated PAHs, nitro-PAHs and parent-PAHs from the atmosphere of a Chinese megacity: Seasonal variation, sources and cancer risk assessment. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 473-474:77-87.
    • (2014) Sci. Total Environ. , pp. 77-87
    • Bandowe, B.A.M.1    Meusel, H.2    Huang, R.-J.3    Ho, K.4    Cao, J.5    Hoffmann, T.6    Wilcke, W.7
  • 16
    • 33745698113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health risk assessment on human exposed to environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution sources
    • Chen S.-C., Liao C.-M. Health risk assessment on human exposed to environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution sources. Sci. Total Environ. 2006, 366:112-123.
    • (2006) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.366 , pp. 112-123
    • Chen, S.-C.1    Liao, C.-M.2
  • 17
    • 84880169029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of atmospheric concentrations of quinones and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in vapour and particulate phases
    • Delgado-Saborit J.M., Alam M.S., Godri Pollitt K.J., Stark C., Harrison R.M. Analysis of atmospheric concentrations of quinones and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in vapour and particulate phases. Atmos. Environ. 2013, 77:974-982.
    • (2013) Atmos. Environ. , vol.77 , pp. 974-982
    • Delgado-Saborit, J.M.1    Alam, M.S.2    Godri Pollitt, K.J.3    Stark, C.4    Harrison, R.M.5
  • 18
    • 0030596124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human cell mutagenicity of oxygenated, nitrated and unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with urban aerosols
    • Durant J.L., Busby W.F., Lafleur A.L., Penman B.W., Crespi C.L. Human cell mutagenicity of oxygenated, nitrated and unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with urban aerosols. Mutation Res./Gen. Toxicol. 1996, 371:123-157.
    • (1996) Mutation Res./Gen. Toxicol. , vol.371 , pp. 123-157
    • Durant, J.L.1    Busby, W.F.2    Lafleur, A.L.3    Penman, B.W.4    Crespi, C.L.5
  • 21
    • 20044391819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source apportionment of organic pollutants of a highway-traffic-influenced urban area in Bayreuth (Germany) using biomarker and stable carbon isotope signatures
    • Glaser B., Dreyer A., Bock M., Fiedler S., Mehring M., Heitmann T. Source apportionment of organic pollutants of a highway-traffic-influenced urban area in Bayreuth (Germany) using biomarker and stable carbon isotope signatures. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:3911-3917.
    • (2005) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.39 , pp. 3911-3917
    • Glaser, B.1    Dreyer, A.2    Bock, M.3    Fiedler, S.4    Mehring, M.5    Heitmann, T.6
  • 22
    • 63249123491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elemental carbon in urban soils and road dusts in Xi'an, China and its implication for air pollution
    • Han Y.M., Cao J.J., Chow J.C., Watson J.G., An Z.S., Liu S.X. Elemental carbon in urban soils and road dusts in Xi'an, China and its implication for air pollution. Atmos. Environ. 2009, 43:2464-2470.
    • (2009) Atmos. Environ. , vol.43 , pp. 2464-2470
    • Han, Y.M.1    Cao, J.J.2    Chow, J.C.3    Watson, J.G.4    An, Z.S.5    Liu, S.X.6
  • 26
    • 65049086029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels, composition profiles and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soil of Shanghai, China
    • Jiang Y.-F., Wang X.-T., Wang F., Jia Y., Wu M.-H., Sheng G.-Y., Fu J.-M. Levels, composition profiles and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soil of Shanghai, China. Chemosphere 2009, 75:1112-1118.
    • (2009) Chemosphere , vol.75 , pp. 1112-1118
    • Jiang, Y.-F.1    Wang, X.-T.2    Wang, F.3    Jia, Y.4    Wu, M.-H.5    Sheng, G.-Y.6    Fu, J.-M.7
  • 27
    • 0012785183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urban atmosphere: A comparison of three methods
    • Larsen R.K., Baker J.E. Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urban atmosphere: A comparison of three methods. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37:1873-1881.
    • (2003) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.37 , pp. 1873-1881
    • Larsen, R.K.1    Baker, J.E.2
  • 29
    • 79954568216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban street dust: Implications for human health
    • Lorenzi D., Entwistle J.A., Cave M., Dean J.R. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban street dust: Implications for human health. Chemosphere 2011, 83:970-977.
    • (2011) Chemosphere , vol.83 , pp. 970-977
    • Lorenzi, D.1    Entwistle, J.A.2    Cave, M.3    Dean, J.R.4
  • 30
    • 36148967362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources, fate, and toxic hazards of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at PAH-contaminated sites
    • Lundstedt S., White P.A., Lemieux C.L., Lynes K.D., Lambert I.B., Öberg L., Haglund P., Tysklind M. Sources, fate, and toxic hazards of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at PAH-contaminated sites. Ambio 2007, 36:475-485.
    • (2007) Ambio , vol.36 , pp. 475-485
    • Lundstedt, S.1    White, P.A.2    Lemieux, C.L.3    Lynes, K.D.4    Lambert, I.B.5    Öberg, L.6    Haglund, P.7    Tysklind, M.8
  • 32
    • 0344613224 scopus 로고
    • The Calculation of the Environmental Assessment Level (EAL) for Atmospheric PAHs Using Relative Potencies
    • Great Britain, Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Pollution, London, UK.
    • Malcolm, H., Dobson, S., Britain, G., 1994. The Calculation of the Environmental Assessment Level (EAL) for Atmospheric PAHs Using Relative Potencies. Great Britain, Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Pollution, London, UK.
    • (1994)
    • Malcolm, H.1    Dobson, S.2    Britain, G.3
  • 33
    • 9644270975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New directions in black carbon organic geochemistry
    • Masiello C. New directions in black carbon organic geochemistry. Mar. Chem. 2004, 92:201-213.
    • (2004) Mar. Chem. , vol.92 , pp. 201-213
    • Masiello, C.1
  • 34
    • 33845530712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heavy metal distribution in dust from elementary schools in Hermosillo, Sonora, México
    • Meza-Figueroa D., De la O-Villanueva M., De la Parra M.L. Heavy metal distribution in dust from elementary schools in Hermosillo, Sonora, México. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:276-288.
    • (2007) Atmos. Environ. , vol.41 , pp. 276-288
    • Meza-Figueroa, D.1    De la O-Villanueva, M.2    De la Parra, M.L.3
  • 35
    • 77951253799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of nitrated and oxygenated PAHs found in air and soot particles
    • Mirivel G., Riffault V., Galloo J.-C. Simultaneous determination by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of nitrated and oxygenated PAHs found in air and soot particles. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2010, 397:243-256.
    • (2010) Anal. Bioanal. Chem. , vol.397 , pp. 243-256
    • Mirivel, G.1    Riffault, V.2    Galloo, J.-C.3
  • 36
    • 53449084210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source characterization and the environmental impact of urban street dusts from Egypt based on hydrocarbon distributions
    • Mostafa A.R., Hegazi A.H., El-Gayar M.S., Andersson J.T. Source characterization and the environmental impact of urban street dusts from Egypt based on hydrocarbon distributions. Fuel 2009, 88:95-104.
    • (2009) Fuel , vol.88 , pp. 95-104
    • Mostafa, A.R.1    Hegazi, A.H.2    El-Gayar, M.S.3    Andersson, J.T.4
  • 37
    • 0032468651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and substitutes (Nitro-, Oxy-PAHs) in urban soil and airborne particulate by GC-MS and NCI-MS/MS
    • Niederer M. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and substitutes (Nitro-, Oxy-PAHs) in urban soil and airborne particulate by GC-MS and NCI-MS/MS. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 1998, 5:209-216.
    • (1998) Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. , vol.5 , pp. 209-216
    • Niederer, M.1
  • 38
    • 0027094098 scopus 로고
    • Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
    • Nisbet I.C.T., LaGoy P.K. Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Regulatory Toxicol. Pharmacol. 1992, 16:290-300.
    • (1992) Regulatory Toxicol. Pharmacol. , vol.16 , pp. 290-300
    • Nisbet, I.C.T.1    LaGoy, P.K.2
  • 39
    • 84879800269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of selected oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (oxy-PAHs) in diesel and air particulate matter standard reference materials (SRMs)
    • Nocun M., Schantz M. Determination of selected oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (oxy-PAHs) in diesel and air particulate matter standard reference materials (SRMs). Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2013, 405:5583-5593.
    • (2013) Anal. Bioanal. Chem. , vol.405 , pp. 5583-5593
    • Nocun, M.1    Schantz, M.2
  • 40
    • 0034917967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mobile sources of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a roadway tunnel
    • Oda J., Nomura S., Yasuhara A., Shibamoto T. Mobile sources of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a roadway tunnel. Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35:4819-4827.
    • (2001) Atmos. Environ. , vol.35 , pp. 4819-4827
    • Oda, J.1    Nomura, S.2    Yasuhara, A.3    Shibamoto, T.4
  • 41
    • 84930612733 scopus 로고
    • Health Assessment Part B
    • Benzo[a]pyrene as a Toxic Air Contaminant
    • OEHHA, 1994. Health Assessment Part B. Benzo[a]pyrene as a Toxic Air Contaminant, http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/id/summary/bap.pdf.
    • (1994)
  • 42
    • 78751584953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soils of Beijing: Status, sources, distribution and potential risk
    • Peng C., Chen W., Liao X., Wang M., Ouyang Z., Jiao W., Bai Y. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soils of Beijing: Status, sources, distribution and potential risk. Environ. Pollut. 2011, 159:802-808.
    • (2011) Environ. Pollut. , vol.159 , pp. 802-808
    • Peng, C.1    Chen, W.2    Liao, X.3    Wang, M.4    Ouyang, Z.5    Jiao, W.6    Bai, Y.7
  • 43
    • 36148975386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clean-up of extracts for nitrated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons analyses prior to their gas chromatography determination
    • Prycek J., Ciganek M., Simek Z. Clean-up of extracts for nitrated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons analyses prior to their gas chromatography determination. J. Brazilian Chem. Soc. 2007, 18:1125-1131.
    • (2007) J. Brazilian Chem. Soc. , vol.18 , pp. 1125-1131
    • Prycek, J.1    Ciganek, M.2    Simek, Z.3
  • 44
    • 0020969598 scopus 로고
    • Retene-a molecular marker of wood combustion in ambient air
    • Ramdahl T. Retene-a molecular marker of wood combustion in ambient air. Nature 1983, 306:580-582.
    • (1983) Nature , vol.306 , pp. 580-582
    • Ramdahl, T.1
  • 45
    • 0027338234 scopus 로고
    • Sources of fine organic aerosol. 3. Road dust, tire debris, and organometallic brake lining dust: Roads as sources and sinks
    • Rogge W.F., Hildemann L.M., Mazurek M.A., Cass G.R., Simoneit B.R.T. Sources of fine organic aerosol. 3. Road dust, tire debris, and organometallic brake lining dust: Roads as sources and sinks. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1993, 27:1892-1904.
    • (1993) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.27 , pp. 1892-1904
    • Rogge, W.F.1    Hildemann, L.M.2    Mazurek, M.A.3    Cass, G.R.4    Simoneit, B.R.T.5
  • 47
    • 0033761807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black carbon in soils and sediments: Analysis, distribution, implications, and current challenges
    • Schmidt M., Noack A. Black carbon in soils and sediments: Analysis, distribution, implications, and current challenges. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle 2000, 14:777-793.
    • (2000) Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle , vol.14 , pp. 777-793
    • Schmidt, M.1    Noack, A.2
  • 48
    • 78751575907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of health risk of potentially toxic metals in urban and suburban road dust in the most populated city of China
    • Shi G., Chen Z., Bi C., Wang L., Teng J., Li Y., Xu S. A comparative study of health risk of potentially toxic metals in urban and suburban road dust in the most populated city of China. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45:764-771.
    • (2011) Atmos. Environ. , vol.45 , pp. 764-771
    • Shi, G.1    Chen, Z.2    Bi, C.3    Wang, L.4    Teng, J.5    Li, Y.6    Xu, S.7
  • 49
    • 22544434940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils in Beijing, China
    • Tang L., Tang X.-Y., Zhu Y.-G., Zheng M.-H., Miao Q.-L. Contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils in Beijing, China. Environ. Int. 2005, 31:822-828.
    • (2005) Environ. Int. , vol.31 , pp. 822-828
    • Tang, L.1    Tang, X.-Y.2    Zhu, Y.-G.3    Zheng, M.-H.4    Miao, Q.-L.5
  • 50
    • 0034743298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fate of PAHs in the carbon black manufacturing process
    • Tsai P.-J., Shieh H.-Y., Hsieh L.-T., Lee W.-J. The fate of PAHs in the carbon black manufacturing process. Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35:3495-3501.
    • (2001) Atmos. Environ. , vol.35 , pp. 3495-3501
    • Tsai, P.-J.1    Shieh, H.-Y.2    Hsieh, L.-T.3    Lee, W.-J.4
  • 51
    • 36849053425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diurnal cycle of PAHs, nitro-PAHs, and oxy-PAHs in a high oxidation capacity marine background atmosphere
    • Tsapakis M., Stephanou E.G. Diurnal cycle of PAHs, nitro-PAHs, and oxy-PAHs in a high oxidation capacity marine background atmosphere. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41:8011-8017.
    • (2007) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.41 , pp. 8011-8017
    • Tsapakis, M.1    Stephanou, E.G.2
  • 52
    • 1642312776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplemental guidance for developing soil screening levels for superfund sites
    • Office of Soild Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency., Washington, D.C., USA.
    • U.S.EPA, 2001. Supplemental guidance for developing soil screening levels for superfund sites. Office of Soild Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency., Washington, D.C., USA.
    • (2001)
  • 53
    • 80052546524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban surface dust of Guangzhou, China: Status, sources and human health risk assessment
    • Wang W., Huang M.-J., Kang Y., Wang H.-S., Leung A.O.W., Cheung K.C., Wong M.H. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban surface dust of Guangzhou, China: Status, sources and human health risk assessment. Sci. Total Environ. 2011, 409:4519-4527.
    • (2011) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.409 , pp. 4519-4527
    • Wang, W.1    Huang, M.-J.2    Kang, Y.3    Wang, H.-S.4    Leung, A.O.W.5    Cheung, K.C.6    Wong, M.H.7
  • 54
    • 84911422274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence, gas/particle partitioning and carcinogenic risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxygen- and nitrogen- containing derivatives in Xi'an, central China
    • Wei C., Han Y., Bandowe B.A.M., Cao J., Huang R.-J., Ni H., Tian J., Wilcke W. Occurrence, gas/particle partitioning and carcinogenic risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxygen- and nitrogen- containing derivatives in Xi'an, central China. Sci. Total Environ. 2015, 505:814-822.
    • (2015) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.505 , pp. 814-822
    • Wei, C.1    Han, Y.2    Bandowe, B.A.M.3    Cao, J.4    Huang, R.-J.5    Ni, H.6    Tian, J.7    Wilcke, W.8
  • 55
    • 0344132600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in hydromorphic soils of the tropical metropolis Bangkok
    • Wilcke W., Müller S., Kanchanakool N., Niamskul C., Zech W. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in hydromorphic soils of the tropical metropolis Bangkok. Geoderma 1999, 91:297-309.
    • (1999) Geoderma , vol.91 , pp. 297-309
    • Wilcke, W.1    Müller, S.2    Kanchanakool, N.3    Niamskul, C.4    Zech, W.5
  • 56
    • 34548442075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil
    • Wilcke W. Global patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. Geoderma 2007, 141:157-166.
    • (2007) Geoderma , vol.141 , pp. 157-166
    • Wilcke, W.1
  • 57
    • 84891113317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their polar derivatives (oxygenated PAHs, azaarenes) in soils along a climosequence in Argentina
    • Wilcke W., Bandowe B.A.M., Lueso M.G., Ruppenthal M., del Valle H., Oelmann Y. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their polar derivatives (oxygenated PAHs, azaarenes) in soils along a climosequence in Argentina. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 473-474:317-325.
    • (2014) Sci. Total Environ. , pp. 317-325
    • Wilcke, W.1    Bandowe, B.A.M.2    Lueso, M.G.3    Ruppenthal, M.4    del Valle, H.5    Oelmann, Y.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.