Early detection of melanoma: Reviewing the ABCDEs American Academy of Dermatology Ad Hoc Task Force for the ABCDEs of Melanoma

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Volumn 72, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 717-723

  Tsao, Hensin ^a   Olazagasti, Jeannette M ^b,c   Cordoro, Kelly M ^d   Brewer, Jerry D ^b,c   Taylor, Susan C ^e   Bordeaux, Jeremy S ^f   Chren, Mary Margaret ^d,g   Sober, Arthur J ^a   Tegeler, Connie ^h   Bhushan, Reva ^h   Begolka, Wendy Smith ^h  

^a HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Puerto Rico)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^e Society Hill Dermatology   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS OF CLEVELAND   (United States)

^g San Francisco Hospital   (United States)

^h AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

criteria; detection; diagnosis; Key words ABCDE; melanoma; screening

Indexed keywords

ABCDE CRITERIA; AMELANOTIC MELANOMA; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; DARK COLOR; DERMATOLOGIST; DESMOSPLASTIC MELANOMA; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; GENERAL PRACTITIONER; HUMAN; INTERNET; INTERRATER RELIABILITY; MELANOMA; PHOTOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SELF EXAMINATION; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SKIN COLOR; DERMATOLOGY; EDUCATION; HEALTH EDUCATION; MEDICAL EDUCATION; PATHOLOGY; PATIENT REFERRAL; SKIN NEOPLASMS; SYMPTOM ASSESSMENT;

DERMATOLOGY; EARLY DETECTION OF CANCER; EDUCATION, MEDICAL, CONTINUING; GENERAL PRACTITIONERS; HEALTH EDUCATION; HUMANS; MELANOMA; PHYSICIANS, FAMILY; PHYSICIANS, PRIMARY CARE; REFERRAL AND CONSULTATION; SELF-EXAMINATION; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SKIN NEOPLASMS; SYMPTOM ASSESSMENT;

EID: 84930409896     PISSN: 01909622     EISSN: 10976787     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.01.025     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. A.W. Kopf, D. Rigel, and R.S. Bart Factors related to thickness of melanoma: multifactorial analysis off variables correlated with thickness of superficial spreading malignant melanoma in man J Dermatol Surg Oncol 7 1981 645 650
2. D.S. Rigel, J. Russak, and R. Friedman The evolution of melanoma diagnosis: 25 years beyond the ABCDs CA Cancer J Clin 60 2010 301 316
3. M.M. Wick, A.J. Sober, and T.B. Fitzpatrick Clinical characteristics of early cutaneous melanoma Cancer 45 1980 2684 2686
4. R.J. Friedman, D.S. Rigel, and A.W. Kopf Early detection of malignant melanoma: the role of physician examination and self-examination of the skin CA Cancer J Clin 35 1985 130 151
5. N.R. Abbasi, H.M. Shaw, and D.S. Rigel Early diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma: revisiting the ABCD criteria JAMA 292 2004 2771 2776
6. L. Thomas, P. Tranchand, F. Berard, T. Secchi, C. Colin, and G. Moulin Semiological value of ABCDE criteria in the diagnosis of cutaneous pigmented tumors Dermatology 197 1998 11 17
7. R.L. Barnhill, G.C. Roush, M.S. Ernstoff, and J.M. Kirkwood Interclinician agreement on the recognition of selected gross morphologic features of pigmented lesions. Studies of melanocytic nevi V J Am Acad Dermatol 26 1992 185 190
8. P. Carli, V. De Giorgi, E. Crocetti, L. Caldini, C. Ressel, and B. Giannotti Diagnostic and referral accuracy of family doctors in melanoma screening: effect of a short formal training Eur J Cancer Prev 14 2005 51 55
9. L. Peuvrel, G. Quereux, O. Jumbou, B. Sassolas, Y. Lequeux, and B. Dreno Impact of a campaign to train general practitioners in screening for melanoma Eur J Cancer Prev 18 2009 225 229
10. P. Carli, V. De Giorgi, and D. Palli Self-detected cutaneous melanomas in Italian patients Clin Exp Dermatol 29 2004 593 596
11. R. Betti, R. Vergani, E. Tolomio, R. Santambrogio, and C. Crosti Factors of delay in the diagnosis of melanoma Eur J Dermatol 13 2003 183 188
12. R. Branstrom, M.A. Hedblad, I. Krakau, and H. Ullen Laypersons' perceptual discrimination of pigmented skin lesions J Am Acad Dermatol 46 2002 667 673
13. M.D. Corbo, and J. Wismer Agreement between dermatologists and primary care practitioners in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma: review of the literature J Cutan Med Surg 16 2012 306 310
14. S.C. Chen, D.M. Bravata, E. Weil, and I. Olkin A comparison of dermatologists' and primary care physicians' accuracy in diagnosing melanoma: a systematic review Arch Dermatol 137 2001 1627 1634
15. M.L. Pennie, S.L. Soon, J.B. Risser, E. Veledar, S.D. Culler, and S.C. Chen Melanoma outcomes for Medicare patients: association of stage and survival with detection by a dermatologist vs a nondermatologist Arch dermatol 143 2007 488 494
16. R.G. Roetzheim, N. Pal, and D.J. van Durme Increasing supplies of dermatologists and family physicians are associated with earlier stage of melanoma detection J Am Acad Dermatol 43 2000 211 218
17. N.M. Fisher, J.V. Schaffer, M. Berwick, and J.L. Bolognia Breslow depth of cutaneous melanoma: impact of factors related to surveillance of the skin, including prior skin biopsies and family history of melanoma J Am Acad Dermatol 53 2005 393 406
18. M.J. Eide, M.A. Weinstock, and M.A. Clark The association of physician-specialty density and melanoma prognosis in the United States, 1988 to 1993 J Am Acad Dermatol 60 2009 51 58
19. A. Waldmann, S. Nolte, and M.A. Weinstock Skin cancer screening participation and impact on melanoma incidence in Germany-an observational study on incidence trends in regions with and without population-based screening Br J Cancer 106 2012 970 974
20. R.G. Roetzheim, J.H. Lee, and J.M. Ferrante The influence of dermatologist and primary care physician visits on melanoma outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries J Am Board Fam Med 26 2013 637 647
21. M.L. Di Quinzio, R.A. Dewar, F.I. Burge, and P.J. Veugelers Family physician visits and early recognition of melanoma Can J Public Health 96 2005 136 139
22. J.M. Goulart, E.A. Quigley, and S. Dusza Skin cancer education for primary care physicians: a systematic review of published evaluated interventions J Gen Intern Med 26 2011 1027 1035
23. J.M. Harris, S.J. Salasche, and R.B. Harris Can Internet-based continuing medical education improve physicians' skin cancer knowledge and skills? J Gen Intern Med 16 2001 50 56
24. W. Liu, D. Hill, and A.F. Gibbs What features do patients notice that help to distinguish between benign pigmented lesions and melanomas?: the ABCD(E) rule versus the seven-point checklist Melanoma Res 15 2005 549 554
25. F.V. Brandao, A.F. Pereira, B. Gontijo, and F.V. Bittencourt Epidemiological aspects of melanoma at a university hospital dermatology center over a period of 20 years An Bras Dermatol 88 2013 344 353
26. A.J. Chamberlain, L. Fritschi, and J.W. Kelly Nodular melanoma: patients' perceptions of presenting features and implications for earlier detection J Am Acad Dermatol 48 2003 694 701
27. P. Helsing, and M. Loeb Small diameter melanoma: a follow-up of the Norwegian melanoma project Br J Dermatol 151 2004 1081 1083
28. B.R. Cassileth, E.J. Lusk, D.T. Guerry, W.H. Clark Jr., I. Matozzo, and B.E. Frederick "Catalyst" symptoms in malignant melanoma J Gen Intern Med 2 1987 1 4
29. M.A. Warycha, P.J. Christos, and M. Mazumdar Changes in the presentation of nodular and superficial spreading melanomas over 35 years Cancer 113 2008 3341 3348
30. R. Branstrom, M.A. Hedblad, I. Krakau, and H. Ullen Reasons to seek medical attention for a skin check-up: the layman's perspective Eur J Public Health 13 2003 294 298
31. A. Blum, C.U. Brand, and U. Ellwanger Awareness and early detection of cutaneous melanoma: an analysis of factors related to delay in treatment Br J Dermatol 141 1999 783 787
32. J.E. McWhirter, and L. Hoffman-Goetz Visual images for patient skin self-examination and melanoma detection: a systematic review of published studies J Am Acad Dermatol 69 2013 47 55
33. N.R. Abbasi, M. Yancovitz, and D. Gutkowicz-Krusin Utility of lesion diameter in the clinical diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma Arch Dermatol 144 2008 469 474
34. C. Lindholm, R. Andersson, and M. Dufmats Invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma in Sweden, 1990-1999. A prospective, population-based study of survival and prognostic factors Cancer 101 2004 2067 2078
35. S. Seidenari, A. Fabiano, and S. Al Jalbout Relationship between histological and computer-based assessment of melanoma diameter and thickness in head versus trunk-limbs melanomas Head Neck Oncol 5 2013 32
36. A. Bono, E. Tolomio, and C. Bartoli Metamorphosis of melanoma. Trends in size and thickness of cutaneous melanoma over one decade at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan Tumori 94 2008 11 13
37. V. de Giorgi, I. Savarese, and S. Rossari Features of small melanocytic lesions: does small mean benign? A clinical-dermoscopic study Melanoma Res 22 2012 252 256
38. H. Kamino, H. Kiryu, and H. Ratech Small malignant melanomas: clinicopathologic correlation and DNA ploidy analysis J Am Acad Dermatol 22 1990 1032 1038
39. R. Bergman, I. Katz, C. Lichtig, Y. Ben-Arieh, A.R. Moscona, and R. Friedman-Birnbaum Malignant melanomas with histologic diameters less than 6 mm J Am Acad Dermatol 26 1992 462 466
40. S.M. Goldsmith, and A.R. Solomon A series of melanomas smaller than 4 mm and implications for the ABCDE rule J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 21 2007 929 934
41. J.W. Kelly Melanoma in the elderly-a neglected public health challenge Med J Aust 169 1998 403 404
42. T.B. Fitzpatrick, A.R. Rhodes, A.J. Sober, and M.C. Mihm Primary malignant melanoma of the skin: the call for action to identify persons at risk; to discover precursor lesions; to detect early melanomas Pigment Cell 9 1988 110 117
43. N. Jaimes, R.P. Braun, L. Thomas, and A.A. Marghoob Clinical and dermoscopic characteristics of amelanotic melanomas that are not of the nodular subtype J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 26 2012 591 596
44. N. Jaimes, S.W. Dusza, and E.A. Quigley Influence of time on dermoscopic diagnosis and management Australas J Dermatol 54 2013 96 104
45. E.K. Levit, M.H. Kagen, R.K. Scher, M. Grossman, and E. Altman The ABC rule for clinical detection of subungual melanoma J Am Acad Dermatol 42 2000 269 274
46. A. Ferrari, A. Bono, and M. Baldi Does melanoma behave differently in younger children than in adults? A retrospective study of 33 cases of childhood melanoma from a single institution Pediatrics 115 2005 649 654
47. S.E. Handfield-Jones, and N.P. Smith Malignant melanoma in childhood Br J Dermatol 134 1996 607 616
48. F. Jafarian, J. Powell, and V. Kokta Malignant melanoma in childhood and adolescence: report of 13 cases J Am Acad Dermatol 53 2005 816 822
49. J.M. Mones, and A.B. Ackerman Melanomas in prepubescent children: review comprehensively, critique historically, criteria diagnostically, and course biologically Am J Dermatopathol 25 2003 223 238
50. J.R. Lange, B.E. Palis, D.C. Chang, S.J. Soong, and C.M. Balch Melanoma in children and teenagers: an analysis of patients from the National Cancer Data Base J Clin Oncol 25 2007 1363 1368
51. D.P. Livestro, E.M. Kaine, and J.S. Michaelson Melanoma in the young: differences and similarities with adult melanoma: a case-matched controlled analysis Cancer 110 2007 614 624
52. K.M. Cordoro, D. Gupta, I.J. Frieden, T. McCalmont, and M. Kashani-Sabet Pediatric melanoma: results of a large cohort study and proposal for modified ABCD detection criteria for children J Am Acad Dermatol 68 2013 913 925
53. R.M. MacKie, J.F. Smyth, and D.S. Soutar Malignant melanoma in Scotland 1979-1983 Lancet 2 1985 859 863
54. M.F. Healsmith, J.F. Bourke, J.E. Osborne, and R.A. Graham-Brown An evaluation of the revised seven-point checklist for the early diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma Br J Dermatol 130 1994 48 50
55. T.W. McGovern, and M.S. Litaker Clinical predictors of malignant pigmented lesions: a comparison of the Glasgow seven-point checklist and the American Cancer Society's ABCDs of pigmented lesions J Dermatol Surg Oncol 18 1992 22 26
56. M.J. Luttrell, R. Hofmann-Wellenhof, R. Fink-Puches, and H.P. Soyer The AC rule for melanoma: a simpler tool for the wider community J Am Acad Dermatol 65 2011 1233 1234
57. S.E. Yagerman, L. Chen, N. Jaimes, S.W. Dusza, A.C. Halpern, and A. Marghoob 'Do UC the melanoma?' Recognizing the importance of different lesions displaying unevenness or having a history of change for early melanoma detection Australas J Dermatol 55 2014 119 124
58. J.J. Grob, and J.J. Bonerandi The 'ugly duckling' sign: identification of the common characteristics of nevi in an individual as a basis for melanoma screening Arch Dermatol 134 1998 103 104
59. K.Y. Suh, and J.L. Bolognia Signature nevi J Am Acad Dermatol 60 2009 508 514
60. American Academy of Dermatology. What to look for: The ABCDEs of melanoma. Available at: https://www.aad.org/spot-skin-cancer/understanding-skin-cancer/how-do-i-check-my-skin/what-to-look-for. Accessed November 26, 2013.