메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 45, Issue 1-2, 2015, Pages 539-556

Contrasting interannual and multidecadal NAO variability

Author keywords

Atmosphere ocean interaction; Climate reconstructions; Jet variability; North Atlantic Oscillation

Indexed keywords


EID: 84929703552     PISSN: 09307575     EISSN: 14320894     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00382-014-2237-y     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (115)

References (104)
  • 1
    • 52949109860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linkage of atmospheric blocks and synoptic-scale rossby waves: a climatological analysis
    • Altenhoff AM, Martius O, Croci-Maspoli M, Schwierz C, Davies HC (2008) Linkage of atmospheric blocks and synoptic-scale rossby waves: a climatological analysis. Tellus A 60(5):1053–1063
    • (2008) Tellus A , vol.60 , Issue.5 , pp. 1053-1063
    • Altenhoff, A.M.1    Martius, O.2    Croci-Maspoli, M.3    Schwierz, C.4    Davies, H.C.5
  • 2
    • 53649095201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On multidecadal and quasi-decadal North Atlantic variability
    • Alvarez-Garcia F, Latif M, Biastoch A (2008) On multidecadal and quasi-decadal North Atlantic variability. J Clim 21(14):3433–3452
    • (2008) J Clim , vol.21 , Issue.14 , pp. 3433-3452
    • Alvarez-Garcia, F.1    Latif, M.2    Biastoch, A.3
  • 3
    • 77958501176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between large-scale regime transitions and major cool-season precipitation events in the northeastern United States
    • Archambault HM, Keyser D, Bosart LF (2010) Relationships between large-scale regime transitions and major cool-season precipitation events in the northeastern United States. Mon Weather Rev 138(9):3454–3473
    • (2010) Mon Weather Rev , vol.138 , Issue.9 , pp. 3454-3473
    • Archambault, H.M.1    Keyser, D.2    Bosart, L.F.3
  • 4
    • 0942299884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of decadal-scale Indian ocean sea surface temperature anomalies on Sahelian rainfall and the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Bader J, Latif M (2003) The impact of decadal-scale Indian ocean sea surface temperature anomalies on Sahelian rainfall and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Geophys Res Lett 30:2169
    • (2003) Geophys Res Lett , vol.30 , pp. 2169
    • Bader, J.1    Latif, M.2
  • 5
    • 79960894779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review on Northern Hemisphere sea-ice, storminess and the North Atlantic Oscillation: observations and projected changes
    • Bader J, Mesquita MD, Hodges KI, Keenlyside N, Østerhus S, Miles M (2011) A review on Northern Hemisphere sea-ice, storminess and the North Atlantic Oscillation: observations and projected changes. Atmos Res 101(4):809–834
    • (2011) Atmos Res , vol.101 , Issue.4 , pp. 809-834
    • Bader, J.1    Mesquita, M.D.2    Hodges, K.I.3    Keenlyside, N.4    Østerhus, S.5    Miles, M.6
  • 6
    • 84861122392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of Rossby wave breaking and its response to shifts of the midlatitude jet with climate change. J Geophys Res 117(D09117)
    • Barnes EA, Hartmann DL (2012) Detection of Rossby wave breaking and its response to shifts of the midlatitude jet with climate change. J Geophys Res 117(D09117). doi:10.1029/2012JD017469
    • (2012) doi:10.1029/2012JD017469
    • Barnes, E.A.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 7
    • 1342308725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synoptic view of the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Benedict JJ, Lee S, Feldstein SB (2004) Synoptic view of the North Atlantic Oscillation. J Atmos Sci 61(2):121–144
    • (2004) J Atmos Sci , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-144
    • Benedict, J.J.1    Lee, S.2    Feldstein, S.B.3
  • 9
    • 0345975871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North Pacific-North Atlantic relationships under stratospheric control?
    • Castanheira J, Graf H-F (2003) North Pacific–North Atlantic relationships under stratospheric control? J Geophys Res 108:4036
    • (2003) J Geophys Res , vol.108 , pp. 4036
    • Castanheira, J.1    Graf, H.-F.2
  • 10
    • 28144449793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recurrent climate winter regimes in reconstructed and modelled 500 hPa geopotential height fields over the North Atlantic/European sector 1659–1990
    • Casty C, Handorf D, Raible C, González-Rouco J, Weisheimer A, Xoplaki E, Luterbacher J, Dethloff K, Wanner H (2005) Recurrent climate winter regimes in reconstructed and modelled 500 hPa geopotential height fields over the North Atlantic/European sector 1659–1990. Clim Dyn 24(7–8):809–822
    • (2005) Clim Dyn , vol.24 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 809-822
    • Casty, C.1    Handorf, D.2    Raible, C.3    González-Rouco, J.4    Weisheimer, A.5    Xoplaki, E.6    Luterbacher, J.7    Dethloff, K.8    Wanner, H.9
  • 11
    • 84896055649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of the EA and SCA patterns on the European twentieth century NAO-winter climate relationship. Q J R Meteorol Soc
    • Comas-Bru L, McDermott F (2013) Impacts of the EA and SCA patterns on the European twentieth century NAO-winter climate relationship. Q J R Meteorol Soc. doi:10.1002/qj.2158
    • (2013) doi:10.1002/qj.2158
    • Comas-Bru, L.1    McDermott, F.2
  • 13
    • 35148816529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric blocking—space-time links to the NAO and PNA
    • Croci-Maspoli M, Schwierz C, Davies H (2007) Atmospheric blocking—space-time links to the NAO and PNA. Clim Dyn 29:713–725
    • (2007) Clim Dyn , vol.29 , pp. 713-725
    • Croci-Maspoli, M.1    Schwierz, C.2    Davies, H.3
  • 14
    • 0033208564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the North Atlantic SST on the atmospheric circulation
    • Czaja A, Frankignoul C (1999) Influence of the North Atlantic SST on the atmospheric circulation. Geophys Res Lett 26(19):2969–2972
    • (1999) Geophys Res Lett , vol.26 , Issue.19 , pp. 2969-2972
    • Czaja, A.1    Frankignoul, C.2
  • 16
    • 0033809760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observed and simulated multidecadal variability in the northern hemisphere
    • Delworth TL, Mann ME (2000) Observed and simulated multidecadal variability in the northern hemisphere. Clim Dyn 16(9):661–676
    • (2000) Clim Dyn , vol.16 , Issue.9 , pp. 661-676
    • Delworth, T.L.1    Mann, M.E.2
  • 17
    • 0027802824 scopus 로고
    • Surface climate variations over the North Atlantic Ocean during winter: 1900–1989
    • Deser C, Blackmon ML (1993) Surface climate variations over the North Atlantic Ocean during winter: 1900–1989. J Clim 6(9):1743–1753
    • (1993) J Clim , vol.6 , Issue.9 , pp. 1743-1753
    • Deser, C.1    Blackmon, M.L.2
  • 18
    • 1842740336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of North Atlantic SST and sea ice anomalies on the winter circulation in CCM3. Part II: direct and indirect components of the response
    • Deser C, Magnusdottir G, Saravanan R, Phillips A (2004) The effects of North Atlantic SST and sea ice anomalies on the winter circulation in CCM3. Part II: direct and indirect components of the response. J Clim 17:877–889
    • (2004) J Clim , vol.17 , pp. 877-889
    • Deser, C.1    Magnusdottir, G.2    Saravanan, R.3    Phillips, A.4
  • 19
    • 0035872227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of interannual to decadal variability of the North Atlantic circulation
    • Eden C, Willebrand J (2001) Mechanism of interannual to decadal variability of the North Atlantic circulation. J Clim 14(10):2266–2280
    • (2001) J Clim , vol.14 , Issue.10 , pp. 2266-2280
    • Eden, C.1    Willebrand, J.2
  • 20
    • 0035874457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Atlantic multidecadal Oscillation and its relation to rainfall and river flows in the continental US
    • Enfield DB, Mestas-Nuñez AM, Trimble PJ (2001) The Atlantic multidecadal Oscillation and its relation to rainfall and river flows in the continental US. Geophys Res Lett 28(10):2077–2080
    • (2001) Geophys Res Lett , vol.28 , Issue.10 , pp. 2077-2080
    • Enfield, D.B.1    Mestas-Nuñez, A.M.2    Trimble, P.J.3
  • 21
    • 0034233001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is interannual zonal mean flow variability simply climate noise?
    • Feldstein SB (2000a) Is interannual zonal mean flow variability simply climate noise? J Clim 13(13):2356–2362
    • (2000) J Clim , vol.13 , Issue.13 , pp. 2356-2362
    • Feldstein, S.B.1
  • 22
    • 0034670346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The timescale, power spectra, and climate noise properties of teleconnection patterns
    • Feldstein SB (2000b) The timescale, power spectra, and climate noise properties of teleconnection patterns. J Clim 13:4430–4440
    • (2000) J Clim , vol.13 , pp. 4430-4440
    • Feldstein, S.B.1
  • 23
    • 0037258673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of NAO teleconnection pattern growth and decay
    • Feldstein SB (2003) The dynamics of NAO teleconnection pattern growth and decay. Q J R Meteorol Soc 129(589):901–924
    • (2003) Q J R Meteorol Soc , vol.129 , Issue.589 , pp. 901-924
    • Feldstein, S.B.1
  • 24
    • 33845252706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Northern Annular Mode distinguishable?
    • Feldstein SB, Franzke C (2006) Are the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Northern annular mode distinguishable? J Atmos Sci 63:2915–2930
    • (2006) J Atmos Sci , vol.63 , pp. 2915-2930
    • Feldstein, S.B.1    Franzke, C.2
  • 25
    • 84857298244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How potentially predictable is northern European winter climate a season ahead?
    • Folland C, Scaife A, Lindesay J, Stephenson D (2012) How potentially predictable is northern European winter climate a season ahead? Int J Climatol 32(6):801–818
    • (2012) Int J Climatol , vol.32 , Issue.6 , pp. 801-818
    • Folland, C.1    Scaife, A.2    Lindesay, J.3    Stephenson, D.4
  • 26
    • 79851489859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the persistence and predictability properties of North Atlantic climate variability
    • Franzke C, Woollings T (2011) On the persistence and predictability properties of North Atlantic climate variability. J Clim 24:466–472
    • (2011) J Clim , vol.24 , pp. 466-472
    • Franzke, C.1    Woollings, T.2
  • 27
    • 1342308722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the North Atlantic Oscillation a breaking wave?
    • Franzke C, Lee S, Feldstein SB (2004) Is the North Atlantic Oscillation a breaking wave? J Atmos Sci 61(2):145–160
    • (2004) J Atmos Sci , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 145-160
    • Franzke, C.1    Lee, S.2    Feldstein, S.B.3
  • 28
    • 84855845960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent circulation regimes and preferred regime transitions in the North Atlantic
    • Franzke C, Woollings T, Martius O (2011) Persistent circulation regimes and preferred regime transitions in the North Atlantic. J Atmos Sci 68:2809–2825
    • (2011) J Atmos Sci , vol.68 , pp. 2809-2825
    • Franzke, C.1    Woollings, T.2    Martius, O.3
  • 29
    • 58049124088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A diagnostic study of different types of Rossby wave breaking events in the northern extratropics
    • Gabriel A, Peters D (2008) A diagnostic study of different types of Rossby wave breaking events in the northern extratropics. J Meteorol Soc Jpn 86(5):613–631
    • (2008) J Meteorol Soc Jpn , vol.86 , Issue.5 , pp. 613-631
    • Gabriel, A.1    Peters, D.2
  • 30
    • 84862999884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cold-season atmospheric response to the natural variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
    • Gastineau G, Frankignoul C (2012) Cold-season atmospheric response to the natural variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Clim Dyn 39:37–57. doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1109-y
    • (2012) Clim Dyn , vol.39 , pp. 37-57
    • Gastineau, G.1    Frankignoul, C.2
  • 32
    • 84871636400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing northern hemisphere winter mean atmospheric circulation anomalies during the period 1960/61 to 2001/02
    • Greatbatch RJ, Gollan G, Jung T, Kunz T (2012) Factors influencing northern hemisphere winter mean atmospheric circulation anomalies during the period 1960/61 to 2001/02. Q J R Meteorol Soc 138(669):1970–1982
    • (2012) Q J R Meteorol Soc , vol.138 , Issue.669 , pp. 1970-1982
    • Greatbatch, R.J.1    Gollan, G.2    Jung, T.3    Kunz, T.4
  • 33
    • 84881181712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North Atlantic Ocean control on surface heat flux on multidecadal timescales
    • Gulev SK, Latif M, Keenlyside N, Park W, Koltermann KP (2013) North Atlantic Ocean control on surface heat flux on multidecadal timescales. Nature 499(7459):464–467
    • (2013) Nature , vol.499 , Issue.7459 , pp. 464-467
    • Gulev, S.K.1    Latif, M.2    Keenlyside, N.3    Park, W.4    Koltermann, K.P.5
  • 34
    • 80555143083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric blocking and Atlantic multidecadal ocean variability
    • Häkkinen S, Rhines PB, Worthen DL (2011) Atmospheric blocking and Atlantic multidecadal ocean variability. Science 334:655–659
    • (2011) Science , vol.334 , pp. 655-659
    • Häkkinen, S.1    Rhines, P.B.2    Worthen, D.L.3
  • 35
    • 84869396659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of large-scale atmospheric flow and Rossby wave breaking in the evolution of extreme windstorms over Europe
    • Hanley J, Caballero R (2012) The role of large-scale atmospheric flow and Rossby wave breaking in the evolution of extreme windstorms over Europe. Geophys Res Lett 39(21):L21708
    • (2012) Geophys Res Lett , vol.39 , Issue.21 , pp. L21708
    • Hanley, J.1    Caballero, R.2
  • 36
    • 34548068096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decadal changes in 1870–2004 northern hemisphere winter sea level pressure variability and its relationship with surface temperature
    • Haylock M, Jones P, Allan R, Ansell T (2007) Decadal changes in 1870–2004 northern hemisphere winter sea level pressure variability and its relationship with surface temperature. J Geophys Res 112(D11):D11103
    • (2007) J Geophys Res , vol.112 , Issue.D11 , pp. D11103
    • Haylock, M.1    Jones, P.2    Allan, R.3    Ansell, T.4
  • 37
    • 84869507233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of resolution on the adjustment and decadal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in a coupled climate model
    • Hodson DL, Sutton RT (2012) The impact of resolution on the adjustment and decadal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in a coupled climate model. Clim Dyn 39(12):3057–3073
    • (2012) Clim Dyn , vol.39 , Issue.12 , pp. 3057-3073
    • Hodson, D.L.1    Sutton, R.T.2
  • 38
    • 0035815468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical origins for recent North Atlantic climate change
    • Hoerling MP, Hurrell JW, Xu T (2001) Tropical origins for recent North Atlantic climate change. Science 292:90–92
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 90-92
    • Hoerling, M.P.1    Hurrell, J.W.2    Xu, T.3
  • 39
    • 0020968186 scopus 로고
    • The shape, propagation and mean-flow interaction of large-scale weather systems
    • Hoskins BJ, James IN, White GH (1983) The shape, propagation and mean-flow interaction of large-scale weather systems. J Atmos Sci 40:1595–1612
    • (1983) J Atmos Sci , vol.40 , pp. 1595-1612
    • Hoskins, B.J.1    James, I.N.2    White, G.H.3
  • 40
    • 0029479274 scopus 로고
    • Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: regional temperatures and precipitation
    • Hurrell JW (1995) Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: regional temperatures and precipitation. Science 269:676–679
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 676-679
    • Hurrell, J.W.1
  • 42
    • 33745727389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the influence of stratospheric water vapor changes on the tropospheric circulation
    • Joshi MM, Charlton AJ, Scaife AA (2006) On the influence of stratospheric water vapor changes on the tropospheric circulation. Geophys Res Lett 33:L09806
    • (2006) Geophys Res Lett , vol.33 , pp. L09806
    • Joshi, M.M.1    Charlton, A.J.2    Scaife, A.A.3
  • 43
    • 0345415559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of the recent eastward shift of interannual NAO variability
    • Jung T, Hilmer M, Ruprecht E, Kleppek S, Gulev SK, Zolina O (2003) Characteristics of the recent eastward shift of interannual NAO variability. J Clim 16(20):3371–3382
    • (2003) J Clim , vol.16 , Issue.20 , pp. 3371-3382
    • Jung, T.1    Hilmer, M.2    Ruprecht, E.3    Kleppek, S.4    Gulev, S.K.5    Zolina, O.6
  • 44
    • 0029768948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project
    • Kalnay E et al (1996) The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 77:437–471
    • (1996) Bull Am Meteorol Soc , vol.77 , pp. 437-471
    • Kalnay, E.1
  • 45
    • 84868094298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of North Atlantic sea surface temperature errors on the simulation of North Atlantic European region climate
    • Keeley S, Sutton R, Shaffrey L (2012) The impact of North Atlantic sea surface temperature errors on the simulation of North Atlantic European region climate. Q J R Meteorol Soc 138(668):1774–1783
    • (2012) Q J R Meteorol Soc , vol.138 , Issue.668 , pp. 1774-1783
    • Keeley, S.1    Sutton, R.2    Shaffrey, L.3
  • 46
    • 72049128034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the North Atlantic Oscillation show unusual persistence on intraseasonal timescales?
    • Keeley SPE, Sutton R, Shaffrey L (2009) Does the North Atlantic Oscillation show unusual persistence on intraseasonal timescales? Geophys Res Lett 36:L22706
    • (2009) Geophys Res Lett , vol.36 , pp. L22706
    • Keeley, S.P.E.1    Sutton, R.2    Shaffrey, L.3
  • 47
    • 28944441534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A signature of persistent natural thermohaline circulation cycles in observed climate
    • Knight JR, Allan RJ, Folland CK, Vellinga M, Mann ME (2005) A signature of persistent natural thermohaline circulation cycles in observed climate. Geophys Res Lett 32:L20708
    • (2005) Geophys Res Lett , vol.32 , pp. L20708
    • Knight, J.R.1    Allan, R.J.2    Folland, C.K.3    Vellinga, M.4    Mann, M.E.5
  • 48
    • 84874797123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inconsistencies between long-term trends in storminess derived from the 20CR reanalysis and observations
    • Krueger O, Schenk F, Feser F, Weisse R (2013) Inconsistencies between long-term trends in storminess derived from the 20CR reanalysis and observations. J Clim 26(3):868–874
    • (2013) J Clim , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 868-874
    • Krueger, O.1    Schenk, F.2    Feser, F.3    Weisse, R.4
  • 49
    • 29444435254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decadal interactions between the western Tropical Pacific and the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Kucharski F, Molteni F, Bracco A (2006) Decadal interactions between the western Tropical Pacific and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Clim Dyn 26:79–91
    • (2006) Clim Dyn , vol.26 , pp. 79-91
    • Kucharski, F.1    Molteni, F.2    Bracco, A.3
  • 50
    • 71949121266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of synoptic-scale wave breaking on the NAO and its connection with the stratosphere in ERA-40
    • Kunz T, Fraedrich K, Lunkeit F (2009) Impact of synoptic-scale wave breaking on the NAO and its connection with the stratosphere in ERA-40. J Clim 22(20):5464–5480
    • (2009) J Clim , vol.22 , Issue.20 , pp. 5464-5480
    • Kunz, T.1    Fraedrich, K.2    Lunkeit, F.3
  • 52
    • 84863010169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interdecadal changes in the storm track activity over the North Pacific and North Atlantic
    • Lee S-S, Lee J-Y, Wang B, Ha K-J, Heo K-Y, Jin F-F, Straus DM, Shukla J (2012) Interdecadal changes in the storm track activity over the North Pacific and North Atlantic. Clim Dyn 39(1–2):313–327
    • (2012) Clim Dyn , vol.39 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 313-327
    • Lee, S.-S.1    Lee, J.-Y.2    Wang, B.3    Ha, K.-J.4    Heo, K.-Y.5    Jin, F.-F.6    Straus, D.M.7    Shukla, J.8
  • 53
    • 84863283157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermally driven and eddy-driven jet variability in reanalysis
    • Li C, Wettstein JJ (2012) Thermally driven and eddy-driven jet variability in reanalysis. J Clim 25(5):1587–1596
    • (2012) J Clim , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 1587-1596
    • Li, C.1    Wettstein, J.J.2
  • 54
    • 0036555091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lu J, Greatbatch RJ (2002) The changing relationship between the NAO and northern hemisphere climate variability. Geophys Res Lett 29(7):52-1–52-4
    • Lu J, Greatbatch RJ (2002) The changing relationship between the NAO and northern hemisphere climate variability. Geophys Res Lett 29(7):52-1–52-4
  • 55
    • 79955004737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The variability of the Atlantic storm track and the North Atlantic Oscillation: a link between intraseasonal and interannual variability
    • Luo D, Diao Y, Feldstein SB (2011) The variability of the Atlantic storm track and the North Atlantic Oscillation: a link between intraseasonal and interannual variability. J Atmos Sci 68(3):577–601
    • (2011) J Atmos Sci , vol.68 , Issue.3 , pp. 577-601
    • Luo, D.1    Diao, Y.2    Feldstein, S.B.3
  • 56
    • 0024902984 scopus 로고
    • Local barotropic instability
    • Mak M, Cai M (1989) Local barotropic instability. J Atmos Sci 46(21):3289–3311
    • (1989) J Atmos Sci , vol.46 , Issue.21 , pp. 3289-3311
    • Mak, M.1    Cai, M.2
  • 57
    • 41449115163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of sea surface temperature anomalies on low-frequency variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Manganello JV (2008) The influence of sea surface temperature anomalies on low-frequency variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Clim Dyn 30(6):621–641
    • (2008) Clim Dyn , vol.30 , Issue.6 , pp. 621-641
    • Manganello, J.V.1
  • 58
    • 0033006763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open-ocean convection: observations, theory, and models
    • Marshall J, Schott F (1999) Open-ocean convection: observations, theory, and models. Rev Geophys 37(1):1–64
    • (1999) Rev Geophys , vol.37 , Issue.1
    • Marshall, J.1    Schott, F.2
  • 59
    • 34249977739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breaking waves at the tropopause in the wintertime Northern Hemisphere: climatological analyses of the orientation and the theoretical LC1/2 classification
    • Martius O, Schwierz C, Davies HC (2007) Breaking waves at the tropopause in the wintertime Northern Hemisphere: climatological analyses of the orientation and the theoretical LC1/2 classification. J Atmos Sci 64:2576–2592
    • (2007) J Atmos Sci , vol.64 , pp. 2576-2592
    • Martius, O.1    Schwierz, C.2    Davies, H.C.3
  • 60
    • 69949136811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can the frequency of blocking be described by a red noise process?
    • Masato G, Hoskins BJ, Woollings TJ (2009) Can the frequency of blocking be described by a red noise process? J Atmos Sci 66:2143–2149
    • (2009) J Atmos Sci , vol.66 , pp. 2143-2149
    • Masato, G.1    Hoskins, B.J.2    Woollings, T.J.3
  • 61
    • 29344472110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-model representation of the North Atlantic Oscillation in the 20th and 21st centuries
    • McHugh MJ, Rogers JC (2005) Multi-model representation of the North Atlantic Oscillation in the 20th and 21st centuries. Geophys Res Lett 32:L21713
    • (2005) Geophys Res Lett , vol.32 , pp. L21713
    • McHugh, M.J.1    Rogers, J.C.2
  • 63
    • 84877818403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidecadal mobility of the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Moore GWK, Renfrew IA, Pickart RS (2013) Multidecadal mobility of the North Atlantic Oscillation. J Clim 26:2453–2466
    • (2013) J Clim , vol.26 , pp. 2453-2466
    • Moore, G.W.K.1    Renfrew, I.A.2    Pickart, R.S.3
  • 64
    • 33646364317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Granger causality of coupled climate processes: ocean feedback on the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Mosedale TJ, Stephenson DB, Collins M, Mills TC (2006) Granger causality of coupled climate processes: ocean feedback on the North Atlantic Oscillation. J Clim 19(7):1182–1194
    • (2006) J Clim , vol.19 , Issue.7 , pp. 1182-1194
    • Mosedale, T.J.1    Stephenson, D.B.2    Collins, M.3    Mills, T.C.4
  • 65
    • 0027829842 scopus 로고
    • Synoptic behavior of baroclinic eddies during the blocking onset
    • Nakamura H, Wallace JM (1993) Synoptic behavior of baroclinic eddies during the blocking onset. Mon Weather Rev 121:1892–1903
    • (1993) Mon Weather Rev , vol.121 , pp. 1892-1903
    • Nakamura, H.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 66
    • 84894985694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratosphere key for wintertime atmospheric response to warm Atlantic decadal conditions
    • Omrani N-E, Keenlyside NS, Bader J, Manzini E (2014) Stratosphere key for wintertime atmospheric response to warm Atlantic decadal conditions. Clim Dyn 42(3–4):649–663
    • (2014) Clim Dyn , vol.42 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 649-663
    • Omrani, N.-E.1    Keenlyside, N.S.2    Bader, J.3    Manzini, E.4
  • 67
    • 84897532916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forcing of the wintertime atmospheric circulation by the multidecadal fluctuations of the North Atlantic ocean
    • Peings Y, Magnusdottir G (2014) Forcing of the wintertime atmospheric circulation by the multidecadal fluctuations of the North Atlantic ocean. Environ Res Lett 9(3):034018
    • (2014) Environ Res Lett , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 034018
    • Peings, Y.1    Magnusdottir, G.2
  • 68
    • 0038712692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new perspective on blocking
    • Pelly JL, Hoskins BJ (2003) A new perspective on blocking. J Atmos Sci 60:743–755
    • (2003) J Atmos Sci , vol.60 , pp. 743-755
    • Pelly, J.L.1    Hoskins, B.J.2
  • 69
    • 84856331372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Past and recent changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Pinto JG, Raible CC (2012) Past and recent changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation. WIREs Clim Change 3:79–90
    • (2012) WIREs Clim Change , vol.3 , pp. 79-90
    • Pinto, J.G.1    Raible, C.C.2
  • 70
    • 78650996832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The variable link between PNA and NAO in observations and in multi-century CGCM simulations
    • Pinto JG, Reyers M, Ulbrich U (2011) The variable link between PNA and NAO in observations and in multi-century CGCM simulations. Clim Dyn 36(1–2):337–354
    • (2011) Clim Dyn , vol.36 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 337-354
    • Pinto, J.G.1    Reyers, M.2    Ulbrich, U.3
  • 71
    • 0034833812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of NAO variability and its possible non-linear influences on European surface temperature
    • Pozo-Vázquez D, Esteban-Parra M, Rodrigo F, Castro-Diez Y (2001) A study of NAO variability and its possible non-linear influences on European surface temperature. Clim Dyn 17(9):701–715
    • (2001) Clim Dyn , vol.17 , Issue.9 , pp. 701-715
    • Pozo-Vázquez, D.1    Esteban-Parra, M.2    Rodrigo, F.3    Castro-Diez, Y.4
  • 72
    • 0035676575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North Atlantic decadal regimes in a coupled GCM simulation
    • Raible C, Luksch U, Fraedrich K, Voss R (2001) North Atlantic decadal regimes in a coupled GCM simulation. Clim Dyn 18(3–4):321–330
    • (2001) Clim Dyn , vol.18 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 321-330
    • Raible, C.1    Luksch, U.2    Fraedrich, K.3    Voss, R.4
  • 73
    • 27944488731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northern hemispheric trends of pressure indices and atmospheric circulation patterns in observations, reconstructions, and coupled GCM simulations
    • Raible CC, Stocker TF, Yoshimori M, Renold M, Beyerle U, Casty C, Luterbacher J (2005) Northern hemispheric trends of pressure indices and atmospheric circulation patterns in observations, reconstructions, and coupled GCM simulations. J Clim 18:3968–3982
    • (2005) J Clim , vol.18 , pp. 3968-3982
    • Raible, C.C.1    Stocker, T.F.2    Yoshimori, M.3    Renold, M.4    Beyerle, U.5    Casty, C.6    Luterbacher, J.7
  • 74
  • 75
    • 77954954199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter synoptic-scale variability over the Mediterranean Basin under future climate conditions as simulated by the ECHAM5
    • Raible CC, Ziv B, Saaroni H, Wild M (2010) Winter synoptic-scale variability over the Mediterranean Basin under future climate conditions as simulated by the ECHAM5. Clim Dyn 35(2–3):473–488
    • (2010) Clim Dyn , vol.35 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 473-488
    • Raible, C.C.1    Ziv, B.2    Saaroni, H.3    Wild, M.4
  • 76
    • 84896914990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing correlation structures of the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation from 1000 to 2100 AD
    • Raible CC, Lehner F, Rouco J FG, Donado LF (2014) Changing correlation structures of the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation from 1000 to 2100 AD. Clim Past 10:537–550
    • (2014) Clim Past , vol.10 , pp. 537-550
    • Raible, C.C.1    Lehner, F.2    Rouco, J.F.G.3    Donado, L.F.4
  • 78
    • 33847639660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of the Atlantic storm-track eddy activity and its relation with the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Rivière G, Orlanski I (2007) Characteristics of the Atlantic storm-track eddy activity and its relation with the North Atlantic Oscillation. J Atmos Sci 64:241–266
    • (2007) J Atmos Sci , vol.64 , pp. 241-266
    • Rivière, G.1    Orlanski, I.2
  • 79
    • 0033602372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanic forcing of the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation and European climate
    • Rodwell MJ, Rowell DP, Folland CK (1999) Oceanic forcing of the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation and European climate. Nature 398:320–323
    • (1999) Nature , vol.398 , pp. 320-323
    • Rodwell, M.J.1    Rowell, D.P.2    Folland, C.K.3
  • 80
    • 32544459573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional indices of atmospheric blocking and their statistical relationship with winter climate patterns in the Euro-Atlantic region
    • Scherrer SC, Croci-Maspoli M, Schwierz C, Appenzeller C (2006) Two-dimensional indices of atmospheric blocking and their statistical relationship with winter climate patterns in the Euro-Atlantic region. Int J Climatol 26:233–249
    • (2006) Int J Climatol , vol.26 , pp. 233-249
    • Scherrer, S.C.1    Croci-Maspoli, M.2    Schwierz, C.3    Appenzeller, C.4
  • 81
    • 0037742720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forcing of northern hemisphere climate trends
    • Schneider EK, Bengtsson L, Hu Z-Z (2003) Forcing of northern hemisphere climate trends. J Atmos Sci 60(12):1504–1521
    • (2003) J Atmos Sci , vol.60 , Issue.12 , pp. 1504-1521
    • Schneider, E.K.1    Bengtsson, L.2    Hu, Z.-Z.3
  • 83
    • 0035868596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation and blocking episodes in the North Atlantic
    • Shabbar A, Huang J, Higuchi K (2001) The relationship between the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation and blocking episodes in the North Atlantic. Int J Climatol 21:355–369
    • (2001) Int J Climatol , vol.21 , pp. 355-369
    • Shabbar, A.1    Huang, J.2    Higuchi, K.3
  • 84
    • 33646357897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bjerknes compensation and the decadal variability of the energy transports in a coupled climate model
    • Shaffrey L, Sutton R (2006) Bjerknes compensation and the decadal variability of the energy transports in a coupled climate model. J Clim 19:1167–1181
    • (2006) J Clim , vol.19 , pp. 1167-1181
    • Shaffrey, L.1    Sutton, R.2
  • 85
    • 66849089737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.K. HiGEM: the new U.K. High-resolution global environment model—model description and basic evaluation
    • Shaffrey LC et al (2009) U.K. HiGEM: the new U.K. High-resolution global environment model—model description and basic evaluation. J Clim 22:1861–1896
    • (2009) J Clim , vol.22 , pp. 1861-1896
    • Shaffrey, L.C.1
  • 86
    • 0020968290 scopus 로고
    • The propagation of eddies in diffluent jet streams: Eddy vorticity forcing of blocking flow fields
    • Shutts GJ (1983) The propagation of eddies in diffluent jet streams: Eddy vorticity forcing of blocking flow fields. Q J R Meteorol Soc 109:737–761
    • (1983) Q J R Meteorol Soc , vol.109 , pp. 737-761
    • Shutts, G.J.1
  • 88
    • 56849101525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How Rossby wave breaking over the Pacific forces the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Strong C, Magnusdottir G (2008) How Rossby wave breaking over the Pacific forces the North Atlantic Oscillation. Geophys Res Lett 35(10):L10706
    • (2008) Geophys Res Lett , vol.35 , Issue.10 , pp. L10706
    • Strong, C.1    Magnusdottir, G.2
  • 89
    • 56849107775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropospheric Rossby wave breaking and the NAO/NAM
    • Strong C, Magnusdottir G (2008) Tropospheric Rossby wave breaking and the NAO/NAM. J Atmos Sci 65:2861–2876
    • (2008) J Atmos Sci , vol.65 , pp. 2861-2876
    • Strong, C.1    Magnusdottir, G.2
  • 90
    • 0344984309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the ocean on North Atlantic climate variability 1871–1999
    • Sutton R, Hodson D (2003) Influence of the ocean on North Atlantic climate variability 1871–1999. J Clim 16(20):3296–3313
    • (2003) J Clim , vol.16 , Issue.20 , pp. 3296-3313
    • Sutton, R.1    Hodson, D.2
  • 91
    • 84868571248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atlantic Ocean influence on a shift in European climate in the 1990s
    • Sutton RT, Dong B (2012) Atlantic Ocean influence on a shift in European climate in the 1990s. Nature Geosci 5(11):788–792
    • (2012) Nature Geosci , vol.5 , Issue.11 , pp. 788-792
    • Sutton, R.T.1    Dong, B.2
  • 92
    • 6644227489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional climate impacts of the Northern Hemisphere annular mode
    • Thompson DWJ, Wallace JM (2001) Regional climate impacts of the Northern Hemisphere annular mode. Science 293:85–89
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 85-89
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 93
    • 0037653874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric processes governing the Northern Hemisphere annular mode/North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Hurrell JW, Kushnir Y, Ottersen G, Visbeck M, (eds), 134, AGU Geophysical Monograph Series, New York
    • Thompson DWJ, Lee S, Baldwin MP (2002) Atmospheric processes governing the Northern Hemisphere annular mode/North Atlantic Oscillation. In: Hurrell JW, Kushnir Y, Ottersen G, Visbeck M (eds) The North Atlantic Oscillation: climatic significance and environmental impact, vol 134. AGU Geophysical Monograph Series, New York
    • (2002) The North Atlantic Oscillation: climatic significance and environmental impact
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Lee, S.2    Baldwin, M.P.3
  • 94
    • 84981671359 scopus 로고
    • On the operational predictability of blocking
    • Tibaldi S, Molteni F (1990) On the operational predictability of blocking. Tellus 42A:343–365
    • (1990) Tellus , vol.42A , pp. 343-365
    • Tibaldi, S.1    Molteni, F.2
  • 95
    • 58149269119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonstationary influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on European precipitation
    • Vicente-Serrano SM, López-Moreno JI (2008) Nonstationary influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on European precipitation. J Geophys Res 113(D20):D20120
    • (2008) J Geophys Res , vol.113 , Issue.D20 , pp. D20120
    • Vicente-Serrano, S.M.1    López-Moreno, J.I.2
  • 96
    • 0034025462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North Atlantic Oscillation/annular mode: two paradigms—one phenomenon
    • Wallace JM (2000) North Atlantic Oscillation/annular mode: two paradigms—one phenomenon. Q J R Meteorol Soc 126(564):791–805
    • (2000) Q J R Meteorol Soc , vol.126 , Issue.564 , pp. 791-805
    • Wallace, J.M.1
  • 97
    • 85080839042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the changing nature of the regional connection between the North Atlantic Oscillation and sea surface temperature
    • Walter K, Graf H-F (2002) On the changing nature of the regional connection between the North Atlantic Oscillation and sea surface temperature. J Geophys Res 107(D17):4338
    • (2002) J Geophys Res , vol.107 , Issue.D17 , pp. 4338
    • Walter, K.1    Graf, H.-F.2
  • 98
    • 84868621821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decadal variability of the NAO: introducing an augmented NAO index
    • Wang Y-H, Magnusdottir G, Stern H, Tian X, Yu Y (2012) Decadal variability of the NAO: introducing an augmented NAO index. Geophys Res Lett 39(21):L21702
    • (2012) Geophys Res Lett , vol.39 , Issue.21 , pp. L21702
    • Wang, Y.-H.1    Magnusdottir, G.2    Stern, H.3    Tian, X.4    Yu, Y.5
  • 99
    • 84856957422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The North Atlantic jet stream under climate change, as described by the NAO and EA patterns
    • Woollings T, Blackburn M (2012) The North Atlantic jet stream under climate change, as described by the NAO and EA patterns. J Clim 25:886–902
    • (2012) J Clim , vol.25 , pp. 886-902
    • Woollings, T.1    Blackburn, M.2
  • 100
    • 77954498937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream
    • Woollings T, Hannachi A, Hoskins B (2010) Variability of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream. Q J R Meteorol Soc 649:856–868
    • (2010) Q J R Meteorol Soc , vol.649 , pp. 856-868
    • Woollings, T.1    Hannachi, A.2    Hoskins, B.3
  • 101
    • 84860461405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of the North Atlantic storm track to climate change shaped by ocean–atmosphere coupling
    • Woollings T, Gregory JM, Pinto JG, Reyers M, Brayshaw DJ (2012) Response of the North Atlantic storm track to climate change shaped by ocean–atmosphere coupling. Nature Geosci 5:313–317
    • (2012) Nature Geosci , vol.5 , pp. 313-317
    • Woollings, T.1    Gregory, J.M.2    Pinto, J.G.3    Reyers, M.4    Brayshaw, D.J.5
  • 102
    • 84899479060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability
    • Woollings T, Czuchnicki C, Franzke C (2014) Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability. Q J R Meteorol Soc 140:783–791. doi:10.1002/qj.2197
    • (2014) Q J R Meteorol Soc , vol.140 , pp. 783-791
    • Woollings, T.1    Czuchnicki, C.2    Franzke, C.3
  • 103
    • 40949119066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new Rossby wave-breaking interpretation of the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Woollings TJ, Hoskins BJ, Blackburn M, Berrisford P (2008) A new Rossby wave-breaking interpretation of the North Atlantic Oscillation. J Atmos Sci 65:609–626
    • (2008) J Atmos Sci , vol.65 , pp. 609-626
    • Woollings, T.J.1    Hoskins, B.J.2    Blackburn, M.3    Berrisford, P.4
  • 104
    • 0000475959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interpretation of short climate records, with comments on the North Atlantic and Southern Oscillations
    • Wunsch C (1999) The interpretation of short climate records, with comments on the North Atlantic and Southern Oscillations. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 80(2):245–255
    • (1999) Bull Am Meteorol Soc , vol.80 , Issue.2 , pp. 245-255
    • Wunsch, C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.