Toward a “quantitative genetic” approach to lithic variation

Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 646-675

  Lycett, Stephen J ^a   von Cramon Taubadel, Noreen ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENT   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cultural evolution; Evolutionary archaeology; Lithics; Social learning

Indexed keywords

EID: 84929612827     PISSN: 10725369     EISSN: 15737764     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10816-013-9200-9     Document Type: Article

References (170)

1. Ackermann, R. R. (2005). Ontogenetic integration of the hominoid face. Journal of Human Evolution, 48, 109-217
2. Archer, W., & Braun, D. R. (2010). Variability in bifacial technology at Elandsfontein, Western Cape, South Africa: a geometric morphometric approach. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37, 201-209
3. Ashton, N., & McNabb, J. (1994). Bifaces in perspective. In N. Ashton & A. David (Eds.), Stories in stone: Lithic Studies Society occasional paper no.4 (pp. 182-191). London: Lithic Studies Society.
4. Barnett, H. G. (1955). The coast Salish of British Columbia. Eugene: University Oregon Press.
5. Bentley, R. A., Hahn, M. W., & Shennan, S. (2004). Random drift and culture change. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 271, 1443-1450
6. Betti, L., von Cramon-Taubadel, N., & Lycett, S. J. (2012). Human pelvis and long bones reveal differential preservation of ancient population history and migration out of Africa. Human Biology, 84, 139-152
7. Bettinger, R. L., & Eerkens, J. (1999). Point typologies, cultural transmission, and the spread of bow-andarrow technology in the prehistoric Great Basin. American Antiquity, 64, 231-242
8. Binford, L. R. (1963). “Red ocher” caches from the Michigan area: a possible case of cultural drift. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, 19, 89-108
9. Binford, L. R. (1973). Interassemblage variability—theMousterian and the functional argument. In C. Renfrew (Ed.), The exploration of culture change (pp. 227-254). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
10. Binford, L. R., & Binford, S. R. (1966). A preliminary analysis of functional variability in the Mousterian of Levallois facies. American Anthropologist, 68, 38-95
11. Bordes, F. (1977). Time and space limits of the Mousterian. In R. V. S. Wright (Ed.), Stone tools as cultural markers: change, evolution and complexity (pp. 37-39). Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.
12. Bordes, F., & de Sonneville-Bordes, D. (1970). The significance of variability in Palaeolithic assemblages. World Archaeology, 2, 61-73
13. Bowler, P. J. (2003). Evolution: the history of an idea. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
14. Boyd, R., & Richerson, P. J. (1985). Culture and the evolutionary process. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
15. Brantingham, P. J. (2010). The mathematics of chaînes opératoires. In S. J. Lycett & P. R. Chauhan (Eds.), New perspectives on old stones: analytical approaches to Palaeolithic technologies (pp. 183-206). New York: Springer.
16. Brantingham, P. J., & Perreault, C. (2010). Detecting the effects of selective and stochastic forces in archaeological assemblages. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37, 3211-3225
17. Braun, D. R., Plummer, T., Ferraro, J. V., Ditchfield, P., & Bishop, L. C. (2009). Raw material quality and Oldowan hominin toolstone preferences: evidence from Kanjera South, Kenya. Journal of Archaeological Science, 36, 1605-1614
18. Brown, K. S., Marean, C. W., Herries, A. I., Jacobs, Z., Tribolo, C., Braun, D., et al. (2009). Fire as an engineering tool of early modern humans. Science, 325, 859-862
19. Buchanan, B., & Collard, M. (2007). Investigating the peopling of North America through cladistic analyses of Early Paleoindian projectile points. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 26, 366-393
20. Buchanan, B., & Collard, M. (2010a). A geometric morphometrics-based assessment of blade shape differences among Paleoindian projectile point types from western North America. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37, 350-359
21. Buchanan, B., & Collard, M. (2010b). An assessment of the impact of resharpening on Paleoindian projectile point blade shape using geometric morphometric techniques. In S. J. Lycett & P. R. Chauhan (Eds.), New perspectives on old stones: analytical approaches to Palaeolithic technologies (pp. 255-273). New York: Springer.
22. Buchanan, B., & Hamilton, M. J. (2009). A formal test of the origin of variation in North American early Paleoindian projectile points. American Antiquity, 74, 279-298
23. Byrne, R. W., & Russon, A. E. (1998). Learning by imitation: a hierarchical approach. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 21, 667-721
24. Callahan, E. (1979). The basics of biface knapping in the eastern fluted point tradition: a manual for flintknapping and lithic analysts. Archaeology of Eastern North America, 7, 1-180
25. Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., & Feldman, M. W. (1981). Cultural transmission and evolution: a quantitative approach. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
26. Clarke, D. L. (1968). Analytical archaeology. London: Methuen.
27. Clarkson, C. (2010). Regional diversity within the core technology of the Howiesons Poort techno-complex. In S. J. Lycett & P. R. Chauhan (Eds.), New perspectives on old stones: analytical approaches to Paleolithic technologies (pp. 43-59). New York: Springer.
28. Clegg, J. K. (1977). The four dimensions of artefactual variation. In R. V. S. Wright (Ed.), Stone tools as cultural markers: change, evolution and complexity (pp. 60-66). Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.
29. Conner, J. K., & Hartl, D. L. (2004). A primer of ecological genetics. Sunderland: Sinauer.
30. Costa, A. G. (2010). A geometric morphometric assessment of plan shape in bone and stone Acheulean bifaces from the Middle Pleistocene site of Castel di Guido, Latium, Italy. In S. J. Lycett & P. R. Chauhan (Eds.), New perspectives on old stones: analytical approaches to Paleolithic technologies (pp. 23-41). New York: Springer.
31. Cotterell, B., & Kamminga, J. (1987). The formation of flakes. American Antiquity, 52, 675-708
32. Cotterell, B., Kamminga, J., & Dickson, F. P. (1985). The essential mechanics of conchoidal flaking. International Journal of Fracture, 29, 205-221
33. Crow, J. F. (1986). Basic concepts in population, quantitative, and evolutionary genetics. New York: Freeman.
34. Crow, J. F., & Kimura, M. (1970). An introduction to population genetics theory. New York: Harper & Row.
35. Danchin, E., Charmantier, A., Champagne, F. A., Mesoudi, A., Pujol, B., & Blanchet, S. (2011). Beyond DNA: integrating inclusive inheritance into an extended theory of evolution. Nature Reviews Genetics, 12, 475-486
36. Davis, Z. J., & Shea, J. J. (1998). Quantifying lithic curation: an experimental test of Dibble and Pelcin’s original flake-tool mass predictor. Journal of Archaeological Science, 25, 603-610
37. Dibble, H. L. (1984). Interpreting typological variation of Middle Palaeolithic scrapers: function, style, or sequence of reduction. Journal of Field Archaeology, 11, 431-436
38. Dibble, H. L. (1987). Reduction sequences in the manufacture of Mousterian implements of France. In O. Soffer (Ed.), The Pleistocene old world: regional perspectives (pp. 33-45). New York: Plenum.
39. Dibble, H. L., & Pelcin, A. (1995). The effect of hammer mass and velocity on flake mass. Journal of Archaeological Science, 22, 429-439
40. Dibble, H. L., & Rezek, Z. (2009). Introducing a new experimental design for controlled studies of flake formation: results for exterior platform angle, platform depth, angle of blow, velocity, and force. Journal of Archaeological Science, 36, 1945-1954
41. Dibble, H. L., & Whittaker, J. C. (1981). New experimental evidence on the relation between percussion flaking and flake variation. Journal of Archaeological Science, 8, 283-296
42. Dumont, E. R. (2004). Patterns of diversity in cranial shape among plant-visiting bats. Acta Chiropterologica, 6, 59-74
43. Dunnell, R. C. (1978). Style and function: a fundamental dichotomy. American Antiquity, 43, 192-202
44. Durham, W. H. (1991). Coevolution: genes, culture and human diversity. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
45. Eerkens, J. W., & Lipo, C. P. (2005). Cultural transmission, copying errors, and the generation of variation in material culture and the archaeological record. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 24, 316-334
46. Eerkens, J. W., & Lipo, C. P. (2007). Cultural transmission theory and the archaeological record: context to understanding variation and temporal changes in material culture. Journal of Archaeological Research, 15, 239-274
47. Ellen, R. F., Lycett, S. J., & Johns, S. E. (Eds.). (2013). Understanding cultural transmission in anthropology: a critical synthesis. New York: Berghahn.
48. Eren, M. I., Lycett, S. J., Roos, C., & Sampson, C. G. (2011). Toolstone constraints on knapping skill: Levallois reduction with two different raw materials. Journal of Archaeological Science, 38, 2731-2739
49. Faisal, A., Stout, D., Apel, J., & Bradley, B. (2010). The manipulative complexity of Lower Paleolithic stone toolmaking. PLoS ONE, 5(e13718), 1-11
50. Falconer, D. S. (1960). Introduction to quantitative genetics. New York: Ronald.
51. Falconer, D. S., & Mackay, T. F. C. (1996). Introduction to quantitative genetics (4th ed.). Harlow: Pearson.
52. Falsetti, A. B., Jungers, W. L., & Cole, T. M., III. (1993). Morphometrics of the Callitrichid forelimb: a case study in size and shape. International Journal of Primatology, 14, 551-572
53. Flenniken, J. J., & Raymond, A. W. (1986). Morphological projectile point typology: replication experimentation and technological analysis. American Antiquity, 51, 603-614
54. Frison, G. C. (1968). A functional analysis of certain chipped stone tools. American Antiquity, 33, 149-155
55. Gillespie, J. H. (1998). Population genetics: a concise guide. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.
56. Goodman, M. E. (1944). The physical properties of stone tool materials. American Antiquity, 9, 415-433
57. Gowlett, J. A. J. (1996). Mental abilities of early Homo: elements of constraint and choice in rule systems. In P. Mellars & K. Gibson (Eds.), Modelling the early human mind (pp. 191-215). Cambridge: McDonald Institute.
58. Gowlett, J. A. J. (2010). The future of lithic analysis in Palaeolithic Archaeology: a view from the Old World. In S. J. Lycett & P. R. Chauhan (Eds.), New perspectives on old stones: analytical approaches to Palaeolithic technologies (pp. 295-309). New York: Springer.
59. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L.,& Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall.
60. Halliburton, R. (2004). Introduction to population genetics. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
61. Hamilton, M. J., & Buchanan, B. (2009). The accumulation of stochastic copying errors causes drift in culturally transmitted technologies: quantifying Clovis evolutionary dynamics. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 28, 55-69
62. Heyes, C. M. (1994). Social learning in animals: categories andmechanisms. Biological Reviews, 69, 207-231
63. Hiscock, P., & Attenbrow, V. (2004). Morphological and reduction continuums in eastern Australia: measurement and implications at Capertee 3. Tempus, 7, 167-174
64. Hoppa, R. D., & Vaupel, J. W. (Eds.). (2002). Paleodemography: age distributions from skeletal samples. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
65. Huberty, C. J. (1994). Applied discriminant analysis. New York: Wiley.
66. Huxley, J. (1942). Evolution: the modern synthesis. London: George Allen & Unwin.
67. Iovita, R. P. (2010). Comparing stone tool resharpening trajectories with the aid of elliptical Fourier analysis. In S. J. Lycett & P. R. Chauhan (Eds.), New perspectives on old stones: analytical approaches to Palaeolithic technologies (pp. 235-253). New York: Springer.
68. Isaac, G. L. (1986). Foundation stones: early artefacts as indicators of activities and abilities. In G. N. Bailey & P. Callow (Eds.), Stone Age prehistory (pp. 221-241). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
69. Jennings, T. A., & Waters, M. R. (2014). Pre-Clovis lithic technology at the Debra L. Friedkin site, Texas: comparisons to Clovis though site-level behavior, technological trait-list, and cladistic analyses. American Antiquity, in press.
70. Jones, P. R. (1979). Effects of raw material on biface manufacture. Science, 204, 835-836
71. Jungers, W. L., Falsetti, A. B., & Wall, C. E. (1995). Shape, relative size, and size adjustments in morphometrics. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, 38, 137-161
72. Kelterborn, P. (2003). Measurable flintknapping. In K. G. Hirth (Ed.), Mesoamerican lithic technology: experimentation and interpretation (pp. 120-131). Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
73. Kempe, M., Lycett, S., & Mesoudi, A. (2012). An experimental test of the accumulated copying error model of cultural mutation for Acheulean handaxe size. PLoS ONE, 7(11), e48333
74. Key, A. J. M., & Lycett, S. J. (2011). Technology based evolution? A biometric test of the effects of handsize versus tool form on efficiency in an experimental cutting task. Journal of Archaeological Science, 38, 1663-1670
75. Klimov, P. B., Lekveishvili, M., Dowling, A. P. G., & Oconnor, B. M. (2004). Multivariate analysis of morphological variation in two cryptic species of Sancassania (Acari: Acaridae) from Costa Rica. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 97, 322-345
76. Kohler, T. A., Van Buskirk, S., & Ruscavage-Barz, S. (2004). Vessels and villages: evidence for conformist transmission in early village aggregations on the Pajarito Plateau, New Mexico. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 23, 100-118
77. Kuhn, S. L. (1991). “Unpacking” reduction: lithic raw material economy in the Mousterian of west central Italy. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 10, 76-106
78. Kuhn, S. L. (2004). Evolutionary perspectives on technology and technological change. World Archaeology, 36, 561-570
79. Kuhn, S. L., & Stiner, M. C. (2011). Lewis R. Binford, 1931-2011. Evolutionary Anthropology, 20, 121-122
80. Lipo, C. P., & Madsen, M. E. (2001). Neutrality, “style”, and drift: building methods for studying cultural transmission in the archaeological record. In T. D. Hurt & G. F. M. Rakita (Eds.), Style and function: conceptual issues in evolutionary archaeology (pp. 91-118). Westport: Bergin & Garvey.
81. Lipo, C. P., Madsen, M. E., Dunnell, R. C., & Hunt, T. (1997). Population structure, cultural transmission, and frequency seriation. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 16, 301-333
82. Lush, J. L. (1943). Animal breeding plans (2nd ed.). Ames: Iowa State College Press.
83. Lycett, S. J. (2007).Why is there a lack of mode 3 Levallois technologies in East Asia? A phylogenetic test of the Movius-Schick hypothesis. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 26, 541-575
84. Lycett, S. J. (2008). Acheulean variation and selection: does handaxe symmetry fit neutral expectations? Journal of Archaeological Science, 35, 2640-2648
85. Lycett, S. J. (2009). Are VictoriaWest cores ‘proto-Levallois’? A phylogenetic assessment. Journal of Human Evolution, 56, 175-191
86. Lycett, S. J. (2010). Cultural transmission, genetic models and Palaeolithic variability: integrative analytical approaches. In S. J. Lycett & P. R. Chauhan (Eds.), New perspectives on old stones: analytical approaches to Palaeolithic technologies (pp. 207-234). New York: Springer.
87. Lycett, S. J. (2011). “Most beautiful and most wonderful”: those endless stone tool forms. Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, 9, 143-171
88. Lycett, S. J. (2013). Cultural transmission theory and fossil hominin behaviour: a discussion of epistemological and methodological strengths. In R. F. Ellen, S. J. Lycett, & S. E. Johns (Eds.), Understanding cultural transmission in anthropology: a critical synthesis (pp. 102-130). New York: Berghahn.
89. Lycett, S. J., & Gowlett, J. A. J. (2008). On questions surrounding the Acheulean ‘tradition’. World Archaeology, 40, 295-315
90. Lycett, S. J., & von Cramon-Taubadel, N. (2008). Acheulean variability and hominin dispersals: a modelbound approach. Journal of Archaeological Science, 35, 553-562
91. Lyman, R. L., VanPool, T. L., & O’Brien, M. J. (2008). Variation in North American dart points and arrow points when one or both are present. Journal of Archaeological Science, 35, 2805-2812
92. Lynch, M., & Walsh, B. (1998). Genetics and analysis of quantitative traits. Sunderland: Sinauer.
93. Madsen, B., & Goren-Inbar, N. (2004). Acheulian giant core technology and beyond: an archaeological and experimental case study. Eurasian Prehistory, 2, 3-52
94. Marshall, G., Gamble, C., & Roe, D. (2003). The Acheulian biface project: a digital archive for teaching and research. Antiquity, 77, (Online).
95. Marwick, B. (2012). A cladistic evaluation of ancient Thai bronze Buddha images: six tests for a phylogenetic signal in the Griswold collection. In D. Bonatz, A. Reinecke, & M. A. Tjoa-Bonatz (Eds.), Connecting empires (pp. 159-176). Singapore: National University of Singapore Press.
96. Marzke, M. W. (1996). Evolution of the hand and bipedality. In A. Lock & C. R. Peters (Eds.), Handbook of symbolic evolution (pp. 126-154). Oxford: Clarendon.
97. Mayo, O. (1987). The theory of plant breeding. Oxford: Clarendon.
98. Mayr, E. (1982). The growth of biological thought. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
99. McPherron, S. P. (1999). Ovate and pointed handaxe assemblages: two points make a line. Préhistoire Européenne, 14, 9-32
100. Mellars, P. (1970). Some comments on the notion of ‘functional variability’ in stone-tool assemblages. World Archaeology, 2(1), 74-89
101. Mellars, P. (1996). The Neanderthal legacy: an archaeological perspective from western Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
102. Meltzer, D. J. (1981). A study of style and function in a class of tools. Journal of Field Archaeology, 8, 313- 326
103. Meltzer, D. J. (2011). Lewis Roberts Binford, 1931-2011: a biographical memoir.Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences.
104. Mesoudi, A. (2008). Foresight in cultural evolution. Biology and Philosophy, 23, 243-255
105. Mesoudi, A. (2011). Cultural evolution: how Darwinian theory can explain culture and synthesize the social sciences. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
106. Mesoudi, A., & O’Brien, M. J. (2008a). The cultural transmission of Great Basin projectile point technology I: an experimental simulation. American Antiquity, 73, 3-28
107. Mesoudi, A., & O’Brien, M. J. (2008b). The learning and transmission of hierarchical cultural recipes. Biological Theory, 3, 63-72
108. Mesoudi, A., Whiten, A., & Laland, K. N. (2004). Is human cultural evolution Darwinian? Evidence reviewed from the perspective of The Origin of Species. Evolution, 58, 1-11
109. Mettler, L. E., & Gregg, T. G. (1969). Population genetics and evolution. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
110. Milne, S. B. (2012). Lithic raw material availability and Palaeo-Eskimo novice flintknapping. In W. Wendrich (Ed.), Archaeology and apprenticeship: body knowledge, identity, and communities of practice (pp. 119-144). Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
111. Neiman, F. D. (1995). Stylistic variation in evolutionary perspective: inferences from decorative diversity and interassemblage distance in Illinois Woodland ceramic assemblages. American Antiquity, 60, 7-36
112. O’Brien, M. J. (Ed.). (2008). Cultural transmission and archaeology: issues and case studies. Washington, D.C.: Society for American Archaeology.
113. O’Brien, M., & Holland, T. D. (1990). Variation, selection, and the archaeological record. In M. B. Schiffer (Ed.), Archaeological method and theory (Vol. 2, pp. 31-79). Tucson: The University of Arizona Press.
114. O’Brien, M. J., & Lyman, R. L. (2000). Applying evolutionary archaeology: a systematic approach. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum.
115. O’Brien, M. J., & Lyman, R. L. (2003a). Style, function, transmission; an introduction. In M. J. O’Brien & R. L. Lyman (Eds.), Style, function, transmission (pp. 1-32). Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
116. O’Brien, M. J., & Lyman, R. L. (2003b). Cladistics and archaeology. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
117. O’Brien, M. J., & Shennan, S. J. (Eds.). (2010). Innovation in cultural systems: contributions from evolutionary anthropology. Cambridge: MIT.
118. O’Brien, M. J., Darwent, J., & Lyman, R. L. (2001). Cladistics is useful for reconstructing archaeological phylogenies: Palaeoindian points from the southeastern United States. Journal of Archaeological Science, 28, 1115-1136
119. O’Brien, M. J., Lyman, R. L., & Schiffer, M. B. (2005). Archaeology as a process: processualism and its progeny. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
120. O’Brien, M. J., Lyman, R. L., Mesoudi, A., & Van Pool, T. L. (2010). Cultural traits as units of analysis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 365, 3797-3806
121. O’Keefe, F. R., & Carrano, M. T. (2005). Correlated trends in the evolution of the plesiosaur locomotor system. Paleobiology, 31, 656-675
122. Otte, M. (2003). The pitfalls of using bifaces as cultural markers. In M. Soressi & H. L. Dibble (Eds.), Multiple approaches to the study of bifacial technologies (pp. 183-192). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania.
123. Paddayya, K., Jhaldiyal, R., & Petraglia, M. D. (2006). The Acheulian quarry at Isampur, Lower Deccan, India. In N. Goren-Inbar & G. Sharon (Eds.), Axe Age: Acheulian tool-making from quarry to discard (pp. 45-74). London: Equinox.
124. Patten, B. (2005). Peoples of the flute: a study in anthropolithic forensics. Denver: Stone Dagger.
125. Patten, B. (2012). Explaining temporal change in artifacts by the use of process controls. Lithic Technology, 37, 25-34
126. Pelcin, A. W. (1997a). The effect of core surface morphology on flake attributes: evidence from a controlled experiment. Journal of Archaeological Science, 24, 749-756
127. Pelcin, A. W. (1997b). The formation of flakes: the role of platform thickness and exterior platform angle in the production of flake initiations and terminations. Journal of Archaeological Science, 24, 1107-1113
128. Pelcin, A. W. (1998). The threshold effect of platform width: a reply to Davis and Shea. Journal of Archaeological Science, 25, 615-620
129. Pétrequin, P., & Pétrequin, A. M. (1993). From polished stone tool to sacred axe: the axes of the Danis of Irian Jaya, Indonesia. In A. Berthelet & J. Chavaillon (Eds.), The use of tools by human and non-human primates (pp. 359-377). Oxford: Clarendon.
130. Pope, S. T. (1918). Yahi Archery. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, 13, 103-152
131. Provine, W. B. (1971). The origins of theoretical population genetics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
132. Prugnolle, F., Mancia, A., & Balloux, F. (2005). Geography predicts neutral genetic diversity of human populations. Current Biology, 15, 159-160
133. R Core Team. (2013). R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
134. Ramachandran, S., Deshpande, O., Roseman, C. C., Rosenberg, N. A., Feldman, M. W., & Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (2005). Support from the relationship of genetic and geographic distance in human populations for serial founder effect originating in Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 102, 15942-15947
135. Roff, D. A. (1997). Evolutionary quantitative genetics. New York: Chapman & Hall. Roff, D. A. (2007). A centennial celebration for quantitative genetics. Evolution, 61, 1017-1032
136. Rogers, D. S., Feldman, M. W., & Ehrlich, P. R. (2009). Inferring population histories using cultural data. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 276, 3835-3843
137. Rolian, C., Lieberman, D. E., & Zermeno, J. P. (2011). Hand biomechanics during simulated stone tool use. Journal of Human Evolution, 61, 26-41
138. Roseman, C. C., & Weaver, T. D. (2007). Molecules versus morphology? Not for the human cranium. BioEssays, 29, 1185-1188
139. Russell, P. J., Wolfe, S. L., Hertz, P. E., Starr, C., & McMillan, B. (2008). Biology: the dynamic science. Belmont: Thomson.
140. Sackett, J. R. (1988). The Mousterian and its aftermath: a view from the Upper Paleolithic. In H. L. Dibble & A. Montet-White (Eds.), The Upper Pleistocene prehistory of western Eurasia (pp. 413-426). Philadelphia: Philadelphia University Museum, University of Pennsylvania.
141. Schillinger, K., Mesoudi, A., & Lycett, S. J. (2014). Copying error and the cultural evolution of “additive” versus “reductive” material traditions: an experimental assessment. American Antiquity, in press.
142. Sharon, G. (2008). The impact of raw material on Acheulian large flake production. Journal of Archaeological Science, 35, 1329-1344
143. Sharon, G. (2009). Acheulian giant-core technology. Current Anthropology, 50(3), 335-367
144. Shaw, C. N., & Stock, J. T. (2009). Intensity, repetitiveness, and directionality of habitual adolescent mobility patterns influence the tibial diaphysis morphology of athletes. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 140, 149-159
145. Shea, J. J. (2011). Stone tool analysis and human origins research: some advice from Uncle Screwtape. Evolutionary Anthropology, 20, 48-53
146. Shennan, S. (1989). Archaeology as archaeology or as anthropology? Clarke’s analytical archaeology and the Binfords’ new perspectives in archaeology 21 years on. Antiquity, 63, 831-835
147. Shennan, S. (2000). Population, culture history, and the dynamics of culture change. Current Anthropology, 41, 811-835
148. Shennan, S. (Ed.). (2009). Pattern and process in cultural evolution. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
149. Shennan, S. (2011). Descent with modification and the archaeological record. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, B: Biological Sciences, 366, 1070-1079
150. Shennan, S. J., & Wilkinson, J. R. (2001). Ceramic style change and neutral evolution: a case study from Neolithic Europe. American Antiquity, 66(4), 577-593
151. Shott, M. J. (2010). Stone-tool demography: reduction distributions in North American Paleoindian tools. In S. J. Lycett & P. R. Chauhan (Eds.), New perspectives on old stones: analytical approaches to Paleolithic technologies (pp. 275-293). New York: Springer.
152. Simão, J. (2002). Tools evolve: the artificial selection and evolution of Paleolithic stone tools. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 25, 419
153. Smallwood, A. M. (2012). Clovis technology and settlement in the American Southeast: using biface analysis to evaluate dispersal models. American Antiquity, 77, 689-713
154. Sokal, R. R., & Rohlf, F. J. (1995). Biometry (3rd ed.). New York: Freeman.
155. Speth, J. D. (1972). Mechanical basis of percussion flaking. American Antiquity, 37, 34-60
156. Stout, D. (2002). Skill and cognition in stone tool production. Current Anthropology, 43, 693-722
157. Tehrani, J. J., & Collard, M. (2002). Investigating cultural evolution through biological phylogenetic analyses of Turkmen textiles. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 21, 443-463
158. Tostevin, G. B. (2012). Seeing lithics. Oxford: Oxbow Books.
159. Van Pool, T. L. (2001). Style, function, and variation: identifying the evolutionary importance of traits in the archaeological record. In T. D. Hurt & G. F. M. Rakita (Eds.), Style and function: conceptual issues in evolutionary archaeology (pp. 119-140). Westport: Bergin & Garvery.
160. Vaughan, C. D. (2001). A million years of style and function: regional and temporal variation in Acheulean handaxes. In T. D. Hurt & G. F. M. Rakita (Eds.), Style and function: conceptual issues in evolutionary archaeology (pp. 141-163). Westport: Bergin & Garvey.
161. von Cramon-Taubadel, N. (2011). Global human mandibular variation reflects differences in agricultural and hunter-gatherer subsistence strategies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108, 19546-19551.
162. von Cramon-Taubadel, N., Ling, E. N., Cotter, D., & Wilkins, N. P. (2005). Determination of body shape variation in hatchery-reared and wild Atlantic Salmon. Journal of Fish Biology, 66, 1471-1482
163. Waldorf, D. C. (1993). The art of flintknapping (4th ed.). Branson: Mound Builder Books.
164. Wallaert, H. (2012). Apprenticeship and the confirmation of social boundaries. In W. Wendrich (Ed.), Archaeology and apprenticeship: body knowledge, identity, and communities of practice (pp. 20-42). Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
165. Weedman, K. A. (2010). Feminine knowledge and skill reconsidered: women and flaked stone tools. American Anthropologist, 112, 228-243
166. Whiten, A., Horner, V., Litchfield, C. A., & Marshall-Pescini, S. (2004). How do apes ape? Learning & Behavior, 32, 36-52
167. Whiten, A., Hinde, R. A., Stringer, C., & Laland, K. N. (Eds.). (2012). Culture evolves. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
168. Whittaker, J. C. (1994). Flintknapping: making and understanding stone tools. Austin: University of Texas Press.
169. Winton, V. (2005). An investigation of knapping-skill development in the manufacture of Palaeolithic handaxes. In V. Roux & B. Bril (Eds.), Stone knapping: the necessary conditions for a uniquely hominin behaviour (pp. 109-116). Cambridge: McDonald Institute Monographs.
170. Wynn, T. (2002). Archaeology and cognitive evolution. Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 25, 389-402.