Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein cannot differentiate bacterial or viral infection in COPD exacerbation requiring emergency department visits

International Journal of COPD

Volumn 10, Issue , 2015, Pages 767-774

  Chang, Chih Hao ^a   Tsao, Kuo Chien ^b,c   Hu, Han Chung ^a,c   Huang, Chung Chi ^a,c   Kao, Kuo Chin ^a,c   Chen, Ning Hung ^a,c   Yang, Cheng Ta ^a,c   Tsai, Ying Huang ^b,c   Hsieh, Meng Jer ^b,c  

^a CHANG GUNG UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (Taiwan)

^b CHANG GUNG MEMORIAL HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

^c CHANG GUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Bacterial infection; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP; Virus

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; PROCALCITONIN; AUTACOID; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CALCA PROTEIN, HUMAN; CALCITONIN; CALCITONIN GENE RELATED PEPTIDE; PROTEIN PRECURSOR;

ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII; ADENOVIRIDAE; AGED; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL INFECTION; CHLAMYDIA; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; CORONAVIRIDAE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE EXACERBATION; EMERGENCY CARE; ENTEROBACTER CLOACAE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; FEMALE; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; HAEMOPHILUS PARAINFLUENZAE; HUMAN; HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS; HUMAN PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS 3; INFLUENZA A; KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORAXELLA CATARRHALIS; MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA; RECURRENT DISEASE; RHINOVIRUS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SERRATIA MARCESCENS; SPUTUM ANALYSIS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; VIRUS IDENTIFICATION; VIRUS INFECTION; VIRUS ISOLATION; BLOOD; CHI SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; HOSPITAL EMERGENCY SERVICE; KAPLAN MEIER METHOD; MICROBIOLOGY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; OROPHARYNX; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PROGNOSIS; PULMONARY DISEASE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; RISK FACTOR; SPUTUM; TIME FACTOR; VERY ELDERLY; VIROLOGY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BIOMARKERS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CALCITONIN; CALCITONIN GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; DISEASE PROGRESSION; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MALE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; OROPHARYNX; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN PRECURSORS; PULMONARY DISEASE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; RISK FACTORS; SPUTUM; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 84929396456     PISSN: 11769106     EISSN: 11782005     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S76740     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Sethi S, Murphy TF. Infection in the pathogenesis and course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(22):2355–2365.
2. Rohde G, Wiethege A, Borg I, et al. Respiratory viruses in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring hospitalisation: a case-control study. Thorax. 2003;58(1):37–42.
3. Renom F, Yáñez A, Garau M, et al. Prognosis of COPD patients requiring frequent hospitalization: role of airway infection. Respir Med. 2010;104(6):840–848.
4. Papi A, Bellettato CM, Braccioni F, et al. Infections and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severe exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006;173(10):1114–1121.
5. Albert RK, Connett J, Bailey WC, et al; COPD Clinical Research Network. Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations of COPD. New Engl J Med. 2011;365(8):689–698.
6. Varkey JB, Varkey B. Viral infections in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2008;14(2):89–94.
7. Mohan A, Chandra S, Agarwal D, et al. Prevalence of viral infection detected by PCR and RT-PCR in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD: a systematic review. Respirology. 2010;15(3):536–542.
8. Bhowmik A, Seemungal TA, Sapsford RJ, Wedzicha JA. Relation of sputum inflammatory markers to symptoms and lung function changes in COPD exacerbations. Thorax. 2000;55(2):114–120.
9. Rohde G, Borg I, Wiethege A, et al. Inflammatory response in acute viral exacerbations of COPD. Infection. 2008;36(5):427–433.
10. Seemungal T, Harper-Owen R, Bhowmik A, et al. Respiratory viruses, symptoms, and inflammatory markers in acute exacerbations and stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164(9):1618–1623.
11. Mallia P, Footitt J, Sotero R, et al. Rhinovirus infection induces degradation of antimicrobial peptides and secondary bacterial infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012;186(11):1117–1124.
12. Stolz D, Christ-Crain M, Bingisser R, et al. Antibiotic treatment of exacerbations of COPD: a randomized, controlled trial comparing procalcitonin-guidance with standard therapy. Chest. 2007;131(1):9–19.
13. Falsey AR, Becker KL, Swinburne AJ, et al. Utility of serum procalcitonin values in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cautionary note. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2012;7:127–135.
14. Daubin C, Parienti JJ, Vabret A, et al. Procalcitonin levels in acute exacerbation of COPD admitted in ICU: a prospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis. 2008;8:145.
15. Rabe KF, Hurd S, Anzueto A, et al; Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;176(6):532–555.
16. Anthonisen NR, Manfreda J, Warren CP, Hershfield ES, Harding GK, Nelson NA. Antibiotic therapy in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106(2):196–204.
17. Donaldson GC, Seemungal TA, Bhowmik A, Wedzicha JA. Relationship between exacerbation frequency and lung function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2002;57(10):847–852.
18. Soler-Cataluña JJ, Martínez-García MA, Román Sánchez P, Salcedo E, Navarro M, Ochando R. Severe acute exacerbations and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2005;60(11):925–931.
19. Kherad O, Kaiser L, Bridevaux PO, et al. Upper-respiratory viral infection, biomarkers, and COPD exacerbations. Chest. 2010;138(4):896–904.
20. McManus TE, Marley AM, Baxter N, et al. Respiratory viral infection in exacerbations of COPD. Respir Med. 2008;102(11):1575–1580.
21. Cameron RJ, de Wit D, Welsh TN, Ferguson J, Grissell TV, Rye PJ. Virus infection in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring ventilation. Intensive Care Med. 2006;32(7):1022–1029.
22. Lin SH, Kuo PH, Hsueh PR, Yang PC, Kuo SH. Sputum bacteriology in hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwan with an emphasis on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Respirology. 2007;12(1):81–87.
23. Garcia-Vidal C, Almagro P, Romaní V, et al. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients hospitalised for COPD exacerbation: a prospective study. Eur Respir J. 2009;34(5):1072–1078.
24. Daniels JM, Schoorl M, Snijders D, et al. Procalcitonin vs C-reactive protein as predictive markers of response to antibiotic therapy in acute exacerbations of COPD. Chest. 2010;138(5):1108–1115.
25. Soler N, Esperatti M, Ewig S, Huerta A, Agustí C, Torres A. Sputum purulence-guided antibiotic use in hospitalised patients with exacerbations of COPD. Eur Respir J. 2012;40(6):1344–1353.
26. Lindenauer PK, Pekow P, Gao S, Crawford AS, Gutierrez B, Benjamin EM. Quality of care for patients hospitalized for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144(12):894–903.
27. Rothberg MB, Pekow PS, Lahti M, Brody O, Skiest DJ, Lindenauer PK. Antibiotic therapy and treatment failure in patients hospitalized for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA. 2010;303(20):2035–2042.
28. Hurst JR, Vestbo J, Anzueto A, et al; Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) Investigators. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. New Engl J Med. 2010;363(12):1128–1138.
29. Bafadhel M, McKenna S, Terry S, et al. Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: identification of biologic clusters and their biomarkers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;184(6):662–671.