Exceptional Bora outbreak in winter 2012: Validation and analysis of high-resolution atmospheric model simulations in the northern Adriatic area

Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans

Volumn 71, Issue , 2015, Pages 1-20

  Davolio, Silvio ^a   Stocchi, Paolo ^a   Benetazzo, Alvise ^b   Bohm, Emanuele ^a   Riminucci, Francesco ^c,d   Ravaioli, Mariangela ^c   Li, Xiao Ming ^e   Carniel, Sandro ^b  

^a INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES AND CLIMATE   (Italy)

^b INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCES   (Italy)

^c ISMAR CNR   (Italy)

^d CNR   (Italy)

^e INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS   (China)

Author keywords

Bora; NWP model; Surface fluxes; Validation

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; FORECASTING; HEAT FLUX; MARINE APPLICATIONS; SUN; SURFACE MEASUREMENT; SURFACE WATERS; SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; WEATHER FORECASTING;

ADVANCED SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADARS; BORA; HIGH RESOLUTION NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTIONS; HIGH-RESOLUTION ATMOSPHERIC MODELS; INITIAL AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS; NWP MODEL; SURFACE FLUX; VALIDATION;

OCEANOGRAPHY;

AIR TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; COMPUTER SIMULATION; HEAT FLUX; MODEL VALIDATION; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SOLAR RADIATION; WEATHER FORECASTING; WIND; WINTER;

ADRIATIC SEA; MEDITERRANEAN SEA;

EID: 84929326155     PISSN: 03770265     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2015.05.002     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Alpers W., Ivanov A., Horstmann J. Observations of Bora events over the Adriatic Sea and Black Sea by spaceborne synthetic aperture radar. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2009, 137:1154-1165.
2. Artegiani A., Bregant D., Paschini E., Pinardi N., Raicich F., Russo A. The Adriatic Sea general circulation. Part I: air-sea interactions and water mass structure. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 1997, 27:1492-1514.
3. Benetazzo A., Bergamasco A., Bonaldo D., Falcieri F.M., Sclavo M., Langone L., Carniel S. Response of the Adriatic Sea to an intense cold air outbreak: dense water dynamics and wave-induced transport. Prog. Oceanogr. 2014, 128:115-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2014.08.015.
4. Billet S., Toro E.F. On WAF-type schemes for multidimensional hyperbolic conservation laws. J. Comput. Phys. 1997, 130:1-24.
5. Boldrin A., Carniel S., Giani M., Marini M., Bernardi Aubry F., Campanelli A., Grilli F., Russo A. The effect of Bora wind on physical and bio-chemical properties of stratified waters in the Northern Adriatic. J. Geophys. Res. (Ocean) 2009, 114. C08S92. 10.1029/2008JC004837.
6. Bougeault P., Lacarrere P. Parameterization of orography-induced turbulence in a mesoscale model. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1989, 117:1872-1890.
7. Buongiorno Nardelli B., Tronconi C., Pisano A., Santoleri R. High and ultra-high resolution processing of satellite sea surface temperature data over the Southern European Seas in the framework of MyOcean project. Remote Sens. Environ. 2013, 129:1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.10.012.
8. Buzzi A., D'Isidoro M., Davolio S. A case study of an orographic cyclone south of the Alps during the MAP SOP. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 2003, 129:1795-1818.
9. Buzzi A., Davolio S., Malguzzi P., Drofa O., Mastrangelo D. Heavy rainfall episodes over Liguria of autumn 2011: numerical forecasting experiments. Nat. Hazard Earth Syst. Sci. 2014, 14:1325-1340.
10. Carniel S., Bergamasco A., Book J.W., Hobbs R.W., Sclavo M., Wood W.T. Tracking bottom waters in the Southern Adriatic applying seismic oceanography techniques. Continental Shelf Res. 2012, 44:30-38. 10.1016/j.csr.2011.09.00.
11. Cesini D., Morelli S., Parmiggiani F. Analysis of an intense Bora event in the Adriatic area. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 2004, 4:323-337.
12. Charnock H. Wind stress over a water surface. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 1955, 81:639-640.
13. Davolio S., Buzzi A., Malguzzi P. Orographic influence on deep convection: case study and sensitivity experiments. Meteorol. Z. 2006, 15:215-223.
14. Deardorff J.W. Stratocumulus-capped mixed layers derived from a three dimensional model. Boundary Layer Meteorol. 1980, 18:495-527.
15. Donlon C.J., Martin M., Stark J., Roberts-Jones J., Fiedler E., Wimmer W. The operational sea surface temperature and sea ice analysis (OSTIA) system. Remote Sens. Environ. 2012, 116:140-158.
16. Dorman C.E., Carniel S., Cavaleri L., Sclavo M., Chiggiato J., et al. February 2003 marine atmospheric conditions and the Bora over the northern Adriatic. J. Geophys. Res 2007, 112. C03S03. 10.1029/2005JC003134.
17. Drofa O.V., Malguzzi P. Parameterization of microphysical processes in a non hydrostatic prediction model. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Clouds and Precipitation (ICCP) 2004, 1297-3000.
18. Enger L., Grisogono B. The response of Bora-type flow to seasurface temperature. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 1998, 124:1227-1244.
19. Fairall C.W., Bradley E.F., Hare J.E., Grachev A.A., Esson J.B. Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes: updates and verification for the COARE algorithm. J. Climate 2003, 16:571-591.
20. Gačić M., Eusebi Borzelli G.L., Civitarese G., Cardin V., Yari S. Can internal processes sustain reversals of the ocean upper circulation? The Ionian Sea example. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2010, 37. L09608. 10.1029/2010GL043216.
21. Grazzini F. Cold spell prediction beyond a week: extreme snowfall events in February 2012 in Italy. ECMWF Newsl. 2013, 136:31-35.
22. Grisogono B., Belušić D. A review of recent advances in understanding the meso- and microscale properties of the severe Bora wind. Tellus A 2009, 61:1-16. 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00369.x.
23. Hersbach H., Stoffelen A., Haan de S. An improved C-band scatterometer ocean geophysical model function: CMOD5. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112(C3):C03006.
24. Janeković I., Mihanović H., Vilibić I., Tudor M. Extreme cooling and dense water formation estimates in open and coastal regions of the Adriatic Sea during the winter of 2012. J. Geophys. Res. (Oceans) 2014, 119:3200-3218. 10.1002/2014JC009865.
25. Kain J.S. The Kain-Fritsch convective parametrization: an update. J. Appl. Meteorol. 2004, 43:170-181.
26. Kraljević L., Grisogono B. Sea-surface temperature effects on 3D Bora-like flow. Meteorol. Z. 2006, 15:169-177.
27. Lehner S., Horstmann J., Koch W., Rosenthal W. Mesoscale wind measurements using recalibrated ERS SAR images. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103:7847-7856.
28. Malanotte-Rizzoli P., Artale V., Borzelli-Eusebi G.L., Brenner S., Crise A., Gačić M., Kress N., Marullo S., Ribera d'Alcalà M., Sofianos S., Tanhua T., Theocharis A., Alvarez M., Ashkenazy Y., Bergamasco A., Cardin V., Carniel S., Civitarese G., D'Ortenzio F., Font J., Garcia-Ladona E., Garcia-Lafuente J.M., Gogou A., Gregoire M., Hainbucher D., Kontoyannis H., Kovacevic V., Kraskapoulou E., Kroskos G., Incarbona A., Mazzocchi M.G., Orlic M., Ozsoy E., Pascual A., Poulain P.-M., Roether W., Rubino A., Schroeder K., Siokou-Frangou J., Souvermezoglou E., Sprovieri M., Tintoré J., Triantafyllou G. Physical forcing and physical/biochemical variability of the Mediterranean Sea: a review of unresolved issues and directions for future research. Ocean Sci. 2014, 10:281-322.
29. Malguzzi P., Grossi G., Buzzi A., Ranzi R., Buizza R. The 1966 'century' flood in Italy: a meteorological and hydrological revisitation. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111:D24106.
30. Miglietta M.M., Davolio S., Carniel S., Benetazzo A., Della Valle A., Russo A., Sclavo M. The winter 2012 cold outbreak over the Northern Adriatic Sea: preliminary comparison among data and high resolution operational atmospheric models. Proceedings of the 13th EMS Annual Meeting and 11th European Conference on Applied Climatology (ECAC) 2013.
31. Mihanović H., Vilibić I., Carniel S., Tudor M., Russo A., Bergamasco A., Bubić N., Ljubešić Z., Viličić D., Boldrin A., Malačič V., Celio M., Comici C., Raicich F. Exceptional dense water formation on the Adriatic shelf in the winter of 2012. Ocean Sci. 2013, 9:561-572. 10.5194/os-9-561-2013.
32. Morcrette J.-J., Barker H.W., Cole J.N.S., Iacono M.J., Pincus R. Impact of a new radiation package, McRad in the ECMWF integrated forecasting system. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2008, 136:4773-4798.
33. Pullen J., Doyle J.D., Signell R.P. Two-way air-sea coupling: a study of the Adriatic. Mon. Wea. Rev. 2006, 134:1465-1483.
34. Pullen J., Doyle J.D., Haack T., Dorman C.D., Signell R.P., et al. Bora event variability and the role of air-sea feedback. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112:C03S18. 10.1029/2006JC003726.
35. Raicich F., Malačič V., Celio M., Giaiotti D., Colucci R.R., Čermelj B., Pucillo A. Extreme air-sea interactions in the Gulf of Trieste (North Adriatic) during the strong Bora event in winter 2012. J. Geophys. Res. (Oceans) 2013, 18:5238-5250. 10.1002/jgrc.20398.
36. Reynolds R.W., Smith T.M. Improved global sea surface temperature analyses using optimum interpolation. J. Climate 1994, 7:929-948.
37. Ritter B., Geleyn J.F. A comprehensive radiation scheme for numerical weather prediction models with potential applications in climate simulations. Mon. Wea. Rev. 1992, 120:303-325.
38. Robinson A.R., Leslie W.G., Theocharis A., Lascaratos A. Mediterranean Sea circulation. Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences 2003, 1689-1705. Elsevier, Amsterdam. J.H. Steele, S.A. Thorpe, K.K. Turekian (Eds.).
39. Signell R.P., Chiggiato J., Horstmann J., Doyle J.D., Pullen J., Askari F. High-resolution mapping of Bora winds in the northern Adriatic Sea using synthetic aperture radar. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:C04020. 10.1029/2009JC005524.
40. Stravisi F., Crisciani F. Estimation of surface heat and buoyancy fluxes in the Gulf of Trieste by means of bulk formulas. Boll. Oceanol. Teor. Appl. 1986, 4:55-61.
41. Taylor K.E. Summarizing multiple aspects of model performance in a single diagram. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:7183-7192.
42. Vatova A. L'anormale regime fisico-chimico dell'Alto Adriatico nel 1929 e le sue ripercussioni sulla fauna [in Italian]. Thalassia 1934, 1(8):1-49.
43. Vilibić I., Orlić M. Adriatic water masses: their rates of formation and transport through the Otranto Strait. Deep-Sea Res. I 2002, 49:1321-1340.
44. Vilibić I., Supić N. Dense water generation on a shelf: the case of the Adriatic Sea. Ocean Dyn. 2005, 55:403-415.
45. Zampieri M. Comparison among first, second and third order CBL model. Proceedings of the 16th Symposium on Boundary Layers and Turbulence 2004.
46. Zampieri M., Malguzzi P., Buzzi A. Sensitivity of quantitative precipitation forecasts to boundary layer parameterization: a flash flood case study in the Western Mediterranean. Nat. Hazard Earth Syst. Sci. 2005, 5:603-612.